Transcript of 104-10438-10237.pdf
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AaaaA I 6041838310237
2025 RELEASE UNDER THE PRESIDENT JOHN F KENNEDY ASSASSINATION RECORDS ACT OF 1992
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Pact
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UNCLASSTFIED INTERNAL CONc DENTIAL SECRET
SE ONLY
ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
SUBJECT: (Optional) The CIA and the Cult Qf Intelligence
by Victor Marchetti and John D Marks
FROM: EXTENSION NO_
Norbert Az Shepanek
0/SA/ D0/0
DATE 2D010 9 1542 8 April 1977
TO: (Officer designation, room number, and DATE building) OFFICER'$ COMMENTS (Numbor each commont to show from whom
INITIALS @ whom _ Draw Iine across]column after each comment.)
RECEIVED FORWARDED
Philip F Fendig
SA/ D0/0
Sa-e
2__
3 Mr WiTTiam WeIIs
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DDO 8
7E26_Hqs _
Saleo/o
5_
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8
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FO87 610 USEDITOQUs SECRET CONFIDENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
USE ONLY
19744/8
APR
MARCHETTI
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DD/022_31S8 |
8 April 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR: Al1 Divisions and Certain Staffs
FROM Philip F Fendig
SA/ Do/0
SUBJECT The CIA and the Cult 9f Intelligence
by Victor Marchetti and John D Marks
1_ Subject book was
published in 1974 with 168
deleted items demanded by CIA and involved court
trial and decision The lawyer for the authors has
9
in effect
)
requested that a review be made of the
168 deleted items to determine which can now be
declassified and removed from the court S injunction,
particularly in view of the official disclosures
since the publication of the book _ The Department of
Justice has advised that such a review is in order_
2 . Since. the courts decided the 168 deleted
items were properly classifiable and classified in
accordance with the appropriate Executive Order in
effect: at the time of the initial classification
including Executive Order 11652 the review at this
time must include two points
(a) Is the item still classified under
Executive Order 11652
(b) Has the item been' placed in the public
domain by official disclosure by the United
States such as by an official in the Executive
Branch authorized to declassify the item or by
a report a Congressional committee, or by
the courts
3 . Each addressee is requested to appoint a
focal point officer to review each component' s
respective items which are held by this office _
This office als0 has the DDO documentation submitted
in support of deleting each item in 1973 . These can
be reviewed by each focal point official as necessary .
of
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( : :
A review will also be needed of those items which
may have been cleared or released by CIA when
reviewing manuscripts submitted by other authors
since the publication of the Marchetti book _ A
few items will need to be referred by some of the
components to other departments and agencies of
government for their review
4 _ Please advise this office of the name of
your focal point officer by COB 11 April 1977 _
4
Phili F. Fendig
0/SA/DO/0: SHalpern: (NAShepanekxl542)
Distribution
Orig 8 1 DDO
C/EA
C/ EUR
8
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C/SIA info
c/PCS
C/CI
SA/DO/0
only
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SUBJECT : Review of Deletions from Marchetti Book for Declassification
Request for Documents
10 In order review the deletions from the Marchetti book, The
Cult Qf_Intelligence Mr _ Halpern must determine if any official of the
U.8 , Government pTaced any: of the classified material in the public
domain in open testimony before 8 Congressional Committee _ The following
material or information is required:
a, Is there any index to public statements by senior government
officiels on the subject of intelligence? Is there any index
to the Pike Comnittee or Church Committee testimony 2
b Mr _ Helpern would like to have copies of the open testimony
before a Congressional committee by senior officials of the
CIA,
NSA,
State Dept ,
Dept of Defense,
FBI,
which deals with intelligence .
Any open testimony before Congressional committees by senior
U,S, officiels dealing with the cutoff of AID during the
Cyprus disturbances
d Any testimony (open) concerning American POWs (MIA ) in Vietnam
and CIA 8 method of communication with them.
to
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ledl apaiusl us. It was {mrelly coineiclc""- The Hussein
On' tal that. these attacks 1 rc" made as the nialh
His CIA Money
pece offensive was p king "p steam Wils
ac[ 01] the very cla; that Seere'tary hegiv Following the dlisclosure that Jordan ' $
fThe snhjcet ntvcr (me Hp hefore; adl 1 Vance arrivedl in Am It is' ohvious (tt King Iussein hacl for Wears (aken secret
totally unaware that this assistance to m16' that those who Iish t0 saholage ptiyments from thc' CIA. VEWSWHEK$ tvaj
Jordlan" hacl ('(C into question last the peaee process ana] help Israel stay few Arnauc de Borchgravc flcn: to Amban
veai. What is proper in soie mincls .is in the occupiedl territories-~are tion last week foran exclusivc intervicw foith;
the King: 'The result {(s 1` liat Husscin apparc ntly imeproper in others. As far evlh) willing to engage in charaeter
callecl m} first ancl lasst tords Rl5 1 #/7) concernedl, anything I ealn get assassination of,persons whose dlearest 0_
The
! uery 011 for Jordlan: ancl mY people is proper: wish is for # just and durable pealce: ready Washington Post $ rc' Ielation of the
coexis payments and their possihlo' impact on And five: of your Presiclents [Eisenhow-
chances for peacc in {lw Midldle Lust er Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, Forcl Q. Who: benefits? Gaza
Some thought so, too. A Two (uarters; One, in our (WI} A
excerpts: country_ that has been trying to uncler- Buit
DE BORCHGRAVE: Q.Since you say the assistance: was proper mine one of.your institutions emn-, the
much truth is and just another form of U.S. aid; why; then, in a" worldwide struggle to try to the
there in the story that appeared in The Wash-
the secrecy and method ot payment? neutralize the actiots of the KGB in its Ther ington Post?
A. [f you me:l the report that pav effoits to promote Communism: The oth- ity HUSSEIN: The whole is ridlicu-
ments w'ere macle directh to the King: er is : powerful grouip that is not interest- Pales lous and insulting: But 1#m preparecl to for his [personail] benefit anc edlina scttlement and which also-feels it
answer questions about it political editions andl obligations, this. has & score' t settle with Jordan Don't
Q. Your government spokesman said the PLO F story was a combination of "tabricatior and
tween distortion. What has been fabricated' and Bank what has been distorted? A A What Wals fahrieatedlin the story was
leacle eveiything ahout fundls hanclecl over per-
struc sonally for private henefit. When frienc- ly 'ly Arab countries extencl aicl, it heen But
p
traclitional the checks to he macle but
misn to the Heac/ of State; which theen are confe dleposited*in the state hulget aecoint if it This is nol an Uc(iIm)oli practice. All then
assistance rereivedl hy us is handllcc( in letclo
the same Way_ What is tr is that for a back
numher (f years, we have heen fered fore
security ana} intelligenee assistalnce,
whieh the goverunent of Jorclan aceent-
ed gratefulhs .
affeci As for tkc that thc: (A paicl for ed St; the protection of my chillren at sehool
A in America. I: request #as madle' to) the
heen State Department which kinclly of tk: to) ensure their seeurity. Reemher that
there have manY extremist plots
frien
aainst n- andlmy family andl this #s a your
our perfectly normal request If Carter Alcxandra dt: Monrt 'Heraiva Gammu-falsan
clecicled to comne to school in Jordlain, Choice of targets: Jordan's King Husscin taking aim on the shooting range
Yema
we wouldl, needlless to say,he responsi-
ble for her security ancl woulel not he
relat
sencling
a1 bill to the U.S. Gover is a coplete falrication. The assistanct forget it Wals the Israeli lohby that dee
for &n elemn courtesy
rmment
Wals cleesignedl. only to ` ehance our' iM- laimnchecl the campaigl to bloek . 'the jecti
mneasure
'security
telligeuce andl security capabilitict Hawk . anti-nireraft missile defense sys- in.tk
period. tem t Jorclan. Fortunately, the lblvy M
Q How do you teel about President Carter To IS, the CIA is il part of the U.S. filedl. hum
ordering the arrangement_code-named "No Coverument,We have sought to acquir-
Beef ~stopped? know-how, equipment and ne|V capathili- Q. How much of a setback do you Ieel the trem
A WVe hacl, promise ties t clefencd ourselves ,in thic 'fce of story has been to the peace-with-Israel
aything ahont all
YOu; never hcard worlkicle httlc. he it lstgrcolcl, nhich campaign? [X (
relerence
this hefore'. I tlie
is still with us_ Anel whereverthere' is : A Tervently ( course; , thal it Was;
is to the assistance Wc: receiving lr iclentil, (f interests hetwecn (ui {vo)' willnot il sethaek. Aclittedlly, it may hcu
(hem
security adl inlelli-
((nlries_ will xontimn to aclvocuti' have a dleleterious e leet on (tr" ['ce rect' Eencc' have mo( alvisecl
ahout its susponsicn, either fruitfil acl mutual cpc ratio. c forts hut to) !ersevere: regarch- SalII
mofficially.
(ffieially or less of attempts to sahotage a1 just acl
What do you teel was the principal (lralle Aace_ aI)
Q. The Intelligence Oversight Board set motivation of those [sources who contribut- Voti
in February 1976 reported to up ed to the Washington Post story? Q. What; for example, do you teel the story S)m;
tew months later that
President Ford a
A__ 4o uclermnine the (rcclilility alli' will do to differences with the PLO and Im)
ments
regarded the pay-
integrity of (hosc who are alsle attempls io form a joint delegation for Ihe fre&
as improper and he did nolhing about
willing to) contrilute to) the forces 01 Geneva talks? Is a joint delegalion still a F it. What do feel was improper about those
vayments? pcaee: My know in( al ] kn realistic possibility? agi
A_ What is them auc/
"Rerk kack'
"r( Iutilv in) A ^ PLO) clelegation is in Amman this Yom
Irieencl
amoper M1'u to) supIT #1 terms of the ` Jorclanian Scehg. We: "re wcck' acl the.whole (uestion (f a joint thcr andl ally is sirictly Your husinoss
stronger than aything that c Iet dlelegation is still very mueh in (juestiou. mot
Ncwsweek, Mareh 7, 1977
Newswcck; Mareh 7, 1977
{AnTtL e
thing
put
key
How galgecl
thing
with recog ancl
hats
For
tory
agrcedl
Ieen
Amy
tary ancl
rity
rocl
hnope: _
hnatve Ie' hc"c
Iween plal)
ple
your
they
#c 1
you
Ive
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ekcl agaiusl #s. It was ! relly ewinciclc""- Thc clialcguc [Kteh ' 'l hy thc Jorclx
n tal I;t. these attacks 1 'r( npadle' as the Hia' eivil WalI'i1 197 . when 13e PLO His CIA Money
Deace (flcnsive was ) 'king up stcam Wvils alriven cul of Aman) h. bare ly
acl ()x9 thc: very cIal; that Scere tary hegi, 1o what dlgr politicl actioli
FThe subject mver cm Ip) heefore adl [ Vance #trrived in Am. It is" olvious (n ho crdlimaled[ il) O'L MS I< sc)ina:-
Ivas ttally unaware that this assistan ( to m6' that those who ish to) shol:ge wc' will he expio,ing evcr thc next
to Jorcla hacl ('(e into (uestio latsl the peaee process-ana help Israe] stay few momths. Ancl,tl holc' Arabposi-
vear What is proper in sme mindls is in the oceupicdl territories--are tion ( this prollem Vet t() (1 Wallize'
#pparently imnp)roper it) others As fatr (Vl' willing to engage im character
{lS 1 am concered, anything 1 C:ln Ee' ( assassination of persons whose clearest Q. Is it your impression that the PLO is now
For Joralan :(l MV Heople is proper. wish is for & just ancl dlurable peace. ready to amend its basic charter and agree to
And fivc ofyour Presidents [Eisenhow coexist peacefully with Israel In a West Bank-
e", Kenedy, Johnson, Nixon, Forcl | Q. Who:benefits? Gaza state?
thought so, too. A. Two (uarters;; (ne, in JOur (wi) A. 'This is thc dlccisicm thV Wst face.
coutry_ that has bcen trying to unclcr- Kuit it is (( Ually impxrlant to) know what
Q.Since you say the assistance was proper mine (mC (f your iustitutions 41 - the IsraeIi positiow Why shouldl
and just another form of U.S. aid; why; then, in : worlelwicle; struggle to try to thc: PLO take sueh a step) "ilaterally?
the secrecy and method o payment? neutralize the actions of the KGB in its There mst he a1 dlcgre& of simultane -
A. [f you m'wuI the repot that palv - efforts to promote Communism The oth- ity__tsrael recognizxs # West Bank-GGazat
mncuts were maclc clirerctli to the King eris : powetlul groupthat is not interest- Palestinian state the Palestiniams
andl 'for his [personail] hcucfit &nd with) edlin a scttlement andd which also feels it recognize Israel.
political editions aucl obligations, this has a1 score' to settle with Jordan. DJon't
Q.Is it your intention to negotiate with the
PLO prior to Geneva a new organic Iink be-
tween a possible Palestinian state on the West
Bank and Jordan proper?
A__ This has been suggested by many
leaclers iu the areel {S #1 possible con-
structive development and wt (ertain-
ly plan to explorc the possibilities.
But I must caution vot against overopti-
mism. The resumption of the Geneva
conference by itseif mneans nothing and
if it doesn't prodluce quick results
then_there will he the danger of 7
letdlown, of the p uclulum swinging
back andl the extremists coming to thc
foree"
@.How doyou think the latest CIA story will
aftect relations between Jordan and the Unit-
ed States?
A. Throughout all these years I have
heen very proudl oftha grow- strength
of the relationship with (uT American
friendls. We iclentified with prineiples
your forefathers heldl dlear. We built
OuT reltions on the basis of mutual
Alexandra de Rore hgrava Gumma-|-alson respect conficlence and fith, anc[ be-
Choice of taigets: Jordan'$ Hussein taking aim on the shooting range yond that aything 1 dlidl {o cement
relations with the U.S. wals Iasecl on &
is : complete fabrieation The assistanct forget it walS the Israeli lohby that deep conviction alout our coimnon oh-
was dleesigned. only to enhance our" ii)- launchecl the campaign to bloek . the jeetives_stalility, peace: : / progress
telligence anc securitv capabilitics Hawk.anti-aireraft missile defense syS- inthe Middlle East_
period, ten to Jordlan. Fortunately, the My duty is tp dlevelop my eountry, its
To IIS, the CIA is {
Dart of the U.S. failed , human resources, armedl forees and secu-
Government;We have sought to acquin= rity and jiitelligence services, to faee_the
know-how,equipmentandnew Gpahil- Q. How much of a setback do you Ieel the tremenclous threats that lie ahead. The
ties to clefenai ourselves in the ftce of;: story has been to the peace-with-Israel road is strewvn wvith mines to salnlage the
woriclwiclc: hattle. he ithot orcoldl, which campaign? Dc1cc process. One has just explocledl in
is still with us_ Ancl wherever there' is :11 A T lervently hope: ( eourse:, that it Washington; Thcre wili Ine others, But
idlentity cf interests hetween otr Vivo will not he a sethaek: Aclmittedlly, it may hear in mind that Jorcln is "Ol unicue' in
eountries_ will contim to) alvoeit have a cleeterious c' {lect 0n our" [6'ace reeeiving suh help. Israel flls into thc
fruitful ad mutual eooperation. ellorts, hut [ tc) perseverc regarah- Same €ategory incl is ; fr grealeT ('Xilm-
less af attempts to) sahotage a just ple of all kindls (assistance. As lar :5
What do teel was the principal dlurable peace: :1n) ()ncerned thesc will he my first anc/
motivation of those [sources who contribut- vorv lasl wordls 0 that matler: Mlv Der-
ed to lhe Washington Post story? Q. What; Ior example, do you feel the story sonal pricle is a very touehy suhjeet: Andl
A. To unclermine the creclibility .i' will do to your differences with the PLO and my mnain coneern is to) preserve Jorclan in
integrity of thesc: who are alsle attempts io torm a joint delegation' for the freeclom_
willing to contrihute to) the: forces Geneva talks? Is. a joint delegation still a Finally; regarcling Y(ur medliat attaeks
pance: know Ie and 1 knos: realistic possibility? against at Inraneh of your governent, il
then anc[ tliese attacks arC [itile in) A. A PLO delegation is in Amman this choose to dlenudlc & vital arm that is
terms of the Jordanian scene. We ` are: weck the whole question (f a joint there to protect Y01l, that is vour affair,
stronger than anvthing that cn be ke"- dlelegation is still very much in i(. not Jorclan' $.
Newsweck; March 7, 1977 ,
~t
thing
put
will Ive . key
Pugedl
ancl
again.
ing
King
Iobly
plan
acl
You
ait1
Reople My
YOn
anc]
(Juest
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SECRET
21 April 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR: Executive Officer to the DDA
FROM M. La Latta
Deputy Chief , Plans and Review Group
Central Cover Staff
SUBJECT Fairways Corporation
1 Per our telephone conversation today attorneys
for Victor Marchetti have requested
release Of
the 168
items previously deleted by court order from the book,
The CIA and the Cult of Intelligence - Fairways Corpora-
tion was referred to CCS by the SAZDO/ 0 for review in
this connection _
2 Fairways Corporation is the subject of four items
(107 128 129 279 on pages 123 132 133, `and 403 respec -
tiveiy )
in the original manuscript The position of CCS on
al1 four items is that they are Still classified, Since -they
describe intelligence
sources and methods by identifying an
operational support facility located in the U.S_ and are
therefore exempt from declassification under
Section
5 (B) (2)
of the General Declassification Schedule contained in Executive
Order 11652 _
3 ,
According
to CCS files, in April 1975 Director Colby
was asked by an NBC reporter about CIA sponsorship of Fair-
ways in connection with a
planned TV documentary on Agency
proprietaries _ CCS files are unclear on the point but there
are indications that Director Colby may have responded to
the question in a manner which could have been construed as
admission of CIA sponsorship of Fairways In' any case CCS
files contain other evidence that the matter was
considered
to be still classified as recently as
December 1976 , when
Director Bush wrote to: the Administrator of the Federal
Aviation Administration regarding CIA sponsorship 0f Fair-
ways and asked that the subject be withheld from public
disclosure_
E2 IMPDET
CL BY 026089
W:Rning NuticE
SENSITIV: iNTELLIGENCE SQURCES
Arid METHODS INVOLVED SECRE?
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Secret
4 _ Per our conversation CCS has stated in its
response to the SA/DO/0 that DDA would comment further
on the extent to which CIA sponsorship of Fairways may
have been placed in the public domain since the court
order (i.e. since February 1975)
5 _ Please direct your comments to SA/DO/0 - For
your information, Mr _ Halpern Room 6 D 0120 , red line
x9588
9
is preparing an
ovefali
response on the subject
for the SA/DO/o_
2/914
IL _ Latta
2
S ECREt
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75 Kevyn
76 KenYAn INTEllIcewcE feevEce_
77 TU (/
78 JU ( )hwrAN IN TiliIgknl& JfeeVIC @
71 PA AmA
{8 Qa a MANIAn fntellit &Ncz JeqvIcE
8 | FrBi_ Eu rN HAm
82 M ExEco
8 3 Mex IcAv IvTeLifceNc& Jervice
==================================================
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UNCLASSIFIED INTERNAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
USE ONLY
ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
SUBJECT: (Optional)
FROM: EXTENSION NO_
Acting Chief , Latin America
DATE
Division 21 April 1977
TO: (Officer designation , room number , and DATE
building) OFFICER'S COMMENTS (Number each comment to show from whom
INITIALS @ whom. Drow 0 across]column attor each comment:)
RECEIVED FORWARDED
SA/DO/o
2_
3
5_
8
10_
12.
13_
14_
15.
j9824 610 usiDiogus SECRET CONFIDENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
USE ONLY
line
==================================================
Page 19
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S E C R E T
2 2 APR 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR: SA/Do/0
FROM George V_ Lauder
Acting Chief, Latin America Division
SUBJECT The CIA and the' Cult of Intelligence
by Victor Marchetti and John D_ Marks
REFERENCE SA/ DDO/0 Memorandum dated 8 April 1977
The following are the LA Division comments on the
review of the 168 court ordered deletions of subject book_
Item 1 page 11, Chile
Cassified. Dept . of State/ INR
Item 3a page 11, Chile
DecTassified Page 168 , Senate Select Committee Hearings ,
Volume: 7 , Covert Action
Item 3b 11 Chile Deera3biflege
Pages 105 , 190 of Senate Select Committee
Hearings_
9
Volume 7 Covert Action
Item 4, page 12 Chile
Declassified . 168, Senate Select Committee Hearings =
Volume 7 , Covert Action
Item_5, page 12 Chile
Declassified, 105 , 190 of Senate Select Committee
Hearings , Volume 7 Covert Action
Item 11 page 15 Chile
Declassified
170 , 172 Senate Select Committee
Hearings Volume
eages
Covert Action and Page 231 Senate
Select Committee Interim Report on Alleged Assassination
Plots Involving Foreign Leaders
E2 IMPDET
CL BY 012180
S E C R E T
Page
Pages
==================================================
Page 20
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S E C R E T
Item 29 page Guyana
CTassified. Executive Order exemption 5 (B) 3
Item 46, page 70 , lines 20 - - 24 , Chile
Declassified. Pages 148 , 165 , 166 , 171 of Senate Select
Committee Hearings, Volume: 7 Covert Action
Item 89, page 106 , Cuba
Declassified.
16 78 8/47a433^
Senate Select (7)
Committee Interim Report on Aileged Assassination Plots
Involving Foreign Leaders
Item page 222 Brazil {teg Zoiea
Executive Order exemption 5 (B) 2
Item_261, page 338 Panana
Classified. Director of Intelligence Operations , ACSI
Item '292 page: 420 , Chile
DecTassified. Page 205 Senate Select Committee Hearings ,
Volume 7 Covert Action
Item 307
page 485 ,
Cuba 139 Liz
Decl
assified.
Foeenote Senate Select
Committee Interim Report on Alleged Assassination Plots
Involving Foreign Leaders
Item 317 page 468 Chile
Declassified:
Pages 168 , 189
9
205 of Senate Select
Committee Hearings, Volume: 7 Covert Action
Item 318_ pages: 469 470 , Chile
CTassified _ Executive Order . exemption 5 (B) (2) There
is no record that the intelligence report on which this
item was based has been declassified _
Items 322 323 , pages 473 474 . Mexico
Classified = Executive order 'exemption 5 (B) (2)
There has never been official acknowledgement by either
the Mexican or U.S_ Governments of this case.
2
S E C R E T
49 ,
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S E C R F T
Item 338 page 508 , Chile
DecTassified. Appendix A (Covert Action in Chile
1963--1973) pages 144--209 of Senate Select Committee
Hearings _ Volume 7 Covert Action
Item 339, page 509 Bolivia, Brazil
Problem area CIA presence in Brazil and Bolivia has not
been
officiaily acknowledged and is classified information_
Executive Order exemption 5 (B) (2) However , David Phillip' s
book, The_Night_Watch; Chapter 8 , is titled Brazil, Venezuela
Page 209 of The Night Watch concerns CIA in Bolivia_
U
Lexza^
GeorgeV
V . Lauder
3
S E C R E T
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S E C R B T
2 2 APR 1977
MBMORANDUM FOR: SA/DO/o
FROM George V_ Lauder
Acting Chief, Latin America Division
SUBJECT The CIA and the Cult 0f_Intell gence
by VIctor Marchetti and John D. MaTKs
REFERENCB SA/ DDO/0 Memorandum dated 8 April 1977
The following are the LA Division comments on the
review of the 168 court ordered deletions of subjoct book.
Item 1 pege 11, Chile
Classified. Dept . of Stete/INR
Item 11, Chile Eseia %i+Pege
Page 168 , Senete Select Committee Hearings ,
Volume 7 , Covert Action
Itom 11, Chile Ecama3biz?eqe
Peges 105 , 190 of Senete Seleet Comnittee
Hearings , Volume 7 Covert Action
Icem 4, Page 12 _ Chile
Declagsified_ Page 168 Senate Select Committee Hearings ,
Volune 7 , Covert Action
Item 5,page 12 _ Chile
Decla5sified _ 105, 190 of Senate Select Committee
Hearings , Volume Covert Action
Item 11 15 , Chile Ber XZizleze
1ea{; Cove;- 172 Senate Select Committee
Hearings Volume Covert Action and Page 231 Senate
Select Commttee Interim Report on Alleged Assassination
Plots Involving Foreign Leaders
E2 IMPDET
CL BY 012180
S € C R E' T
Pages
==================================================
Page 23
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S E C R B T
Item 29 Page 49, Guyena
Ciazsiziea
Bxecutive Order exemption 5 (B) 3
Item 70, lines 20-324_ Chile SeamasSizPeze
Pages 148, 165
9
166, 171 of Senate Select
Committee Hearings , Volume 7 Covert Action
Item page 106 , Cuba He8la9gi gRed8 196orCaba 0-43? / 177 , Senate Select
Committee Interin Report on Alleged Assassination Plots
Involving Foreign Leaders
Item Page 222 Brezil
CTassiFied. Executive Order exemption 5 (B) 2
Item 261, page 338 Panana
CIassTFTed . Director %f Inteiligence Operations , ACSI
Item 292. Paze 420 , Chile
DecTasSTfied. Page 205 Senate Select Committee Hearings ,
Volume 7 , Covert Action
Item 307 .
Pege 428,
Cuba
DocTassIfied. Footnote 4 /
VeIM ++t, Senate
Select
Committee Interim Report on Aileged Assassination Plots
Involving Foreign Leaders
Item 317 page 468 , Chile
DecTaSsiziea:
Pages 168 , 189 , 205 of Senate Select
Committee Hearings , Volune 7 Covert Action
Item 318 pages 469 470 , Chile
CTaSSTfTed.
Executive Order exemption 5 (B) (2) There
is no record that the intelligence report on Which this
item was based has been declasslfied_
Items 322 322, peges 473 _
9
4.7.4 , Mexico
tiaositied.
Executive order exemption 5 (B) (2)
There has never been Officlal acknowledgement by either
the Mexican or U.S. Governments of this case.
2
S E C R E T
201,
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S B C R E T
Item 338 page 508 , Chile
DecTas Tfied Appendlx A (Covert Action in Chile
1963--1973) , peges 144--209 of Senate Select Committee
Hearings , Volume 7 , Covert Action
Item 332, page 509 Bolivia, Brazil
Pro6IOM area CIA presence in Braz il and Bolivie has not
been officiaily acknowledged and 18 classified information _
Bxecutive Order exemption 5 (B) (2) However, David Phillip' $
book, The Night_Weteh, 8, 18 titled Brazil, Venezu0le .
Page 2009 6F ToWIgE
WChalteo
concetns CIA in Bollvia
Ia] V: Lauder
George V . Lauder
5 E € R E T
Gecrge
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13-00000
UNCLASSIFIED NTERNAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
USE ONLY
ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
SUBJECT: (Optional)
FROM: EXTENSION NO_
ERICH W _ ISENSTEAD 9164 DATE
ciccs Gii- 56 Hqs . 5407
2 1 APR 1977
TO: (Officer designation, room number , and DATE
Building) OFFICER'$ COMMENTS (Number each comment to show from whom
INITIALS @ whom. Drow line across column after each comment:)
RECEIVED FORWARDED
C/AF
3 B 21 Hqs _
2
Attn: Ed Foy
3_ HAND CARRY
C/EUR
4 B 4405 Hqs: 22-12 CALL
Attn Wm _ Phelps
5 _
C/LA
3 C, 2019 Hqs _
Attn Wm _ Sturbittls
C/NE
6 D 3107 Hqs _
Xi
Attn : George Walsh
C/CA
3 D 0004 Hqs :
10. Attn: Susan Watkinks
SA/DO/0
2 D 0109 Hqs _
12_
13.
14_
15.
FO6m 610 UsEDitaoUs SECRET CONF I DENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
USE ONLY
723
==================================================
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SECRET]
2 1
APR 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR: SA/DO/0
FROM Erich W _ Isenstead
Chief, Central Cover Staff
SUBJECT The: CIA and the Cult 'of Intelligence
By Victor Marchetti and Jonn D Marks
REFERENCE Memo for A1l Div and Certain Staffs
fr SA/DO/O, dtd 8 Apr 77
9
Same Subject
1 Pursuant to Reference request CCS has reviewed its
files' 'and effected coordination
with interested"
components
on classification of the 26 items given to CCS for review_
Results are described below
2 It has been determined that the following items
continue to be classified under E. 0 _ 11652
9'
and are exempt
from the E.0_ General Declassification Schedule, as indicated
by paragraph 'citations in brackets:
a Item 24 page 47 RTV _ Classified SECRET ;
describes
iteliigegce
sources and methods of oper -
ations based in Jordan - [Section 5 (B) (2,) , '(B) (3) ]
b _ Item 48 , page ` 71a BERLINER VEREIN.
Classified SECRET; describes intelligence sources
and methods as related to several magazine publica -
tions [Section 5 (B) (2 ) ] NOTE : EUR Division con
firms the need for continued classification and will
comment separately. No CCS record
Item 48 page 71a
L
AFRICAN FORUM .
Classified SECRET describes intelligence sources
and methods a5 related to several magazine publica -
tions [Section 5 (B) (2) ] NOTE : CA Staff confirms
the need for continued classification and will
comment separately . No CCS record _
d . Item 48 page 7la AFRICA REPORT _
Classified SECRET; describes intelligence sources
and methods as related to. several magazine publica -
tions [Section 5 (B) (2) ] AF BiviJion advises that
@A sfff
WARMING NOTICE E2 IMPDET
SENSitivE INTELligence SOURCES CL BY 026089
ANi #ETHODS InVOI.Vci)
SECRET]
==================================================
Page 27
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SECRET
the' African American Institute, which published Africa
Report is included in a list 0f Agency proprietaries
in Book VI of the 'Senate 'Select Committee Final Report ,
pg _ 263, However the Report gave as its source for
the list the book The Invisible 'Governmen t by Wise. and
Ros s Pp . 247n-248n This citation Should not be con -
sidered official Government disclosure -of Agency. sponsor-
of the Institute NOTE : CA Staff confirms the need
for continued classification and will comment separately
Item 48 page 7la S '
PREUVES _ Classified SECRET ;
describes
inteiiigegce
sources and methods as related to
several magazine publications [Section 5 (B) (2) ] NOTE :
CA Staff confirms the need for continued classification
and will comment separately.
f. Item 48_ page" 71a ENCOUNTER _ Classified
SECRET;- describes intelligence sources and methods as
related to several magazine publications [Section
5 (B) (2) ] NOTE : CA Staff confirms the need for con
tinued classification and will comment 'separately .
g Item 48 page' 7la FORUM . Classified SECRET;
describes
inteiiigence
sources and methods a5 related
to:. several magazine publications [Section 5 (B ) (2 ) ]
NOTE : CA Staff confirms the need for continued classifi-
cation and will comment separately-
h Item 50 _ page' 72 AXEL SPRINGER. Classified
SECRET describes intelligence sources and methods of_
operations based in Germany _ [Section: 5 (B) (2) ] NOTE :
EUR Division confirms the need for continued classifica-
tion and will coment separately_
i Item 51
9
page: 72 FODOR and FODOR GUIDES .
Classified 'SECRET describes intelligence sources and
methods of operations based in Europe [Section 5 (B)
(2) ]
j Item 55 page 80 RTV Classified SECRET;
describes
inteiiigegce
sources and methods of opera-
tions directed against Egypt [Section 5(B) (2) ]
k Item 56 page 81 RTV Classified SECRET;
describes
inteliigence
sources and methods of opera-
tions directed against Egypt [Section 5 (B) (2) ]
-2 -
SECRETs
ship
==================================================
Page 28
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SECRETH
1 Items 107 , 128 , 129 , and 279 on pages 123, 132 ,
133, and 403 respectively FAIRWAYS CORPORATION
Classified SECRET describe: intelligence sources and
me thods by identifying an operational support facility
located in the U.S _ [Section 5 (B) (2) ] According to
CCS files_ in .April 1975 the DCI was asked by an NBC
reporter about CIA sponsorship of Fairways Corporation
in connection with a planned TV documentary on Agency:
proprietaries_ CCS files are unclear on the point but
there are
indications 'that the DCI may
have responded
to the question in a; manner which could have been con-
strued as admission of CIA sponsorship of Fairways
However CCS: files contain other evidence that CIA
sponsorship 0f Fairways
was considered still classified
as recently as December 1976 _ NOTE : The DDA/Air
Advisor confirms the need for continued classification
and will comment separately.
m_ Item 130 page 133 PAN AFRICAN AIRL INES
(NIGERIA) LTD :
'Classified
SECRET ; describes intelligence
sources and me thods of operations based in Nigeria _
[Section 5 (B) (2) ]
n Item 130 , page 133 SAFARI AIR 'SERVICE LTD
Classified SECRET describes intelligence sources and
methods of operations based in East Africa_ [Section
5 (B) (2) ]
Item 226 , page 257 GRACE SHIPPING LINES _
Classified SECRET describes intelligence sources and
methods by describing
a cover arrangement with a com-
me rcial conpany . [Section 5 (B) (2) ]
Item 278 _ page 400 INTERNAT IONAL CORRESPONDENCE schOOis WoRLD
LIMITED INC Referred to in the manuscript
as cover company which sold high school equivalency
diploma courses (advertised on the backs of match books)"
Classified SECRET ; describes intelligence sources and
methods expos an operation which provided cover
[Section 5 (B) (2) ]
q Item 280 page 404 RTV Classified SECRET ;
describes
inteiiigenge
sources and methods which expose
an operation targeted against Egypt _ [Section 5 (B) (2) ]
3-'
SECRETs
"a
ing
==================================================
Page 29
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SECRETJ
3 The . following items we re heretofore classified SECRET
because they described sources and methods in identifying a
support base located in the United. States but are now con -
sidered to have been placed in the public domain_
Items_124, 126 and 127 on pages 129 and 130
INTERMOUNTAIN
AVIATION
9
INC Intermountain Aviation,
Inc . is named' as an Agency proprietary in Book I of
the 'Senate 'Select Committee Final Report, Pp 208-9 ,
and in the Report of the Rockefeller Commission on
CIA Activities Within the United States , Pg . 218
4 The following items fall into the questionable area
as to whether they have been placed in the public .domain by
authorized Government officials:
a Item 49 page: 71a ROME DAILY AMERICAN _
Classified SECRET' because
it describes intelligence
sources and methods as related to several newspaper
publications However CCS files contain a
newsclip
from the September and 'October 1974 edition of the
Columbia Journalism Review which states_ "Landon K
Thorne Jr the CTAT s Bross _ and a lawyer for CIA,
Benjamin Shute_ then a partner in the prestigious
Wall Street law firm of" Cravath, Swaine and Moore
9
now
acknowledge that the fourth partner [in the
purchase of the' Rome Daily American in 1956 ] was the
CIA [Bross]- recently cafled the arrangement atypical'
of what the Agency was doing a bad example It is
questionable whether the remarks made by Mr Bross who
retired from the 'Agency in 1971 and Mr Shute who
left the Agency long before that can be considered
as constituting Official Agency disclosure of this
information _
b Item page 80 and item 236 , page 262 FORUM
WORLD FEATURES Classified SECRET because they describe'
intelligence sources and methods 'and identification of
operations based in England , Forum WorldFeatures was
referred to but not by name In Book of the Senate
Select 'Committee Final Report, page 199 as follows
"Another example of the danages of [propaganda] fallout
involved two proprietary news services that the CIA main-
tained in Europe the larger 0f the two was su bscribed
to by over 30 U.S. newspapers In an effort to reduce the
problem of fallout , the CIA made a senior official at the
major dailies aware 'that the CIA controlled these two
4
SECRET ,
0
54 ,
==================================================
Page 30
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SECRET]
press services _ 10 It may be argued that although . Foru
World Features continues to be protected to a degree
by deletion of its name in the Senate Report CIA dis
closure to newspaper editors if it in fact took place
and depending on how it was handled Placed the subject
in the public domain NOTE: FUR
Division
and CA Staff
confirm the need for continued classification and will
comment separately.
2A L~_
ERICH W ISENSTEAD
CC : C/AF
C/EUR
C/ LA
C/NE
C/CA
CONCUR:
Uhis
AF
03.2
Pivision
2at84+422
W. @ 2 4zs 32fe7Z
FUR Division Date
vvaA 4
er Division Date
S2 Zn~2yR
~e 2211927
Ehier NE Division Date
Ch
{ELsuef
5
SECRET
Chigri
alhi
BatGLtn
==================================================
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SECRET]
21 APR 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR: SA/DO/0
FROM Brich W: Isensteed
Chlef, Cenerel Cover Staff
SUBJBCT The CIA and the Cult of Intel!Agence
By Victor MazchetET @T Jom D Marks
REPERENCE Meno for A11 Div end Certaln Staffs _
fr SA/DO/O, dtd 8 Apr 77
2
Same Subject
1 Pursuan € to Reference request CCS has reviewed its
files and effected coordination With
'intereated Components
on classificetion of the 26 items g1ven to CCS for reviow.
Results are descttbed below:
2 It has been deternined thet the follewing Items
eontinue to be class1fi6d under B.0. 11652 and ar0 exempt
from the E. 0 . General Declassiflcation Schedule , 8s indicated
by paragreph citations in brackets:
a Itom 24 pege 47 RTV Cless-41ed SBCRET ;
describes
izteii_gence
sourC6; and methods 0f
eions based in Jordan . [Sectlon 5 (B) (2) ,
(5 858"-
b ItBm 48 page 71a BBRL INER VBRBIN ,
Classified SBCRET ; describes intelligence SoutGBS
and mothode 09 related to severel magazine pubIAca -
tlons_ [Seetion 5 (B) (2) ] NOTE : BUR Division con -
fitms the need for continued classffication and will
comment separately. No CCS reeord .
6 Item 48 Page 71a AFRICAN PORUM .
Classified SECRET ; descrIbes Intelligence sources
and methods as related to sevefal megazine pubiice -
tions _ [Section 5 (B) NOTE : CA Staff confirms
the need` for continued
Knii :%e;
Jon and wIl
comment separately . No CCS record _
d Item 48 , page 710 APRICA RBPORT
Classified SBCRET; describes Intelligence sources
and nethods 8s related to
sevefal nagezine Pubiice -
tions . [Sect Lon 5 (B) (2 ) ] # Br-eten_advises that
csin
WARNING Notice E2 IMPDET
Sensitive INTELLIGENCE SOURCES CL BY 026089
ANW Wethous#NvOlved
SECRETZ
==================================================
Page 32
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SECRETA
Ehe African American Institute which published AfrLce
Report- 18 'included in a list of Agency Proprietarte
in Book VI of the Senete Select Conmittee Flnal Report ,
Pg . 263_ However , the_Report geve as 1t8 soutca for
the list the book The Invis Ible_Government by Wise and
Ross , PP. 247n- 248n T6IS artarron ShouiT not be con ~
sidered officiel Government disclosure of 'coAlirar sponbor-
Of the Institute NOTE : CA 'Staff the need
for continued classification and w1lI comment seperetely.
Item 48 pege 71e PREUVES _ Classified SBCRET ;
describes
inteiitgeace
sources and methols as related to
severa} mage zine punlIcatfons_ [Section 5 (B) (2) ] NOTB :
C4 Staff confirms the need for continued classification
and will comment separately.
f. Item 48, pege 712 BNCOUNTER _ Classif1ed
SECRET ; describes intelllgence 8oufces and methods #s
related to
severe} nagazine pypnications. [Sectlon
5 (B) (2) ]: NOTE : CA Staff confirms the need for con -
tinued clessification and will comment separately .
g . Item 48 pege 71e PORUM Classified SBCRET ;
descfibes inteiiAgenca_
sources and methods a5 related
tosbeveral magazine _publicetIons _ [Section 5 (B) (2) ]
NOTE : CA Staff confirms the need for continued classifi-
cation and will coment separately .
h. Item 50 , page 72 AXEL_ SPRINGBR . Clessifled
SECRET describes' Intelllgence Sources end methods 0f
Operations based in Germany _ [Sectfon 5 (B) {elasNoEica- NOTE :
BUR Division confirms the need`for continued
tion and will comment separately .
i. Item 51
9
page 72 PODOR and PODOR GUIDBS .
Classifled SBCRET ; describes Intelligence sources and
methods 'of operations besed In Burope [Section 5 (B)
(2) ]
Item 55 page 80 RTV Clessiffed SBCRET; desc/ibeftenteiiigezce
sources and methods of Opore -
tions directed against Egypt [Section 5 (B) (2) ]
k= Item 56 page 81 RTV . Classifled SECRET;
describes
intaiitgence
bources and methods of
tiong drected againgt Egypt = [Seetion 5 (D)
'{23pera-
-2 -
SECRET
ship
==================================================
Page 33
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SECRETL
1 Items 107 128, 129 , and 279 on pages 123, 132
> 133 , and 403 respectively PAIRWAYS: CORPORATION
Classified SBCRET sescribes intelligence sottces end
methods by an
operationai support facility-
located in the U.s 5 (B) (2) ] According to
CCS files, In April 1975 the DCI was esked by an NBC
reporter about CIA sponsorsh1p of Fairways Corporat Lon
in eonnection with 8 planned Tv docunent on Agency
Proprietaries_ CCS files are unclear on
#zha ?poAse=
but
there are indicetions that the DCI may have re
sponded
to the questlon in a manner which could have been con -
strued a3 edmigsion 0f CIA sponsorship 0f Falrways _
However CCS files contain other evidence thet CIA
sponsorship 0f. Fairways was considered st1ll cnas51fled
05
recently
43 December 1976 _ NOTE : Tho DDATALt
Advisor confirms the need for contInued elassifidation
and W1ll comment separately .
M , Item 130 page 133 PAN AFRICAN AIRL INBS
(NIGERIA) LTD
'81a58ified
SBCRET ; describes Intelligence
soutces and methods of operetfons based in Nigerla _
[Section 5(B) (2) ]
n Itom 130 pege 133 SAPARI AIR SERVICE LTD
Clessified SECRET describes intelligence SOuTCBS and
methods 0f operations besed in East Africa. [Section
5 (B) (3) ]
0 Item 226 _ page 257 GRACB SHIPPING LINBS .
Classifled SBCRET ; describes intelligence squTCBS and
method8 by describing
a covar atrangement wIth a Com -
mercial company . [Section 5 (B) (2) ]
Item 278 , 400 INTBRNAT IONAL CORRESPONDENCE scho8is HoRiDZZiMI}B};
INC_ Referred to In the manuscript
as "a cover. company which sold high school equlvele
diplome cours0s (advertised
on the becks of match
Bagks) " .
Classified SBCRBT ; describes Intelligence sources and
methods expos an operatIon which provided cover.
[Section 5(B) (2) }
q. Item 280 Page 404 RTV . Classffled SBCRBT ;
desctibes
intoiiigence
sources and methods which expose
an operatIon targeted agalnst Egypt . [Section $(B) (2) }
3 -
SECRETA
identiGying Section
ing
==================================================
Page 34
==================================================
13-00000
SECRETL
3 _ The Eollowing Items were heretofore classifled SBCRET
beceuse they deseribed sources and methods in ident ifying a
support ba50 located in #he United Stetes, but are now con -
sidered to have beenpplaced in the public domeIn.
Items_124, 126 and 127 on pages 129,and 130
INTBRMOUNTA IN AVIATION
7
INC Intermountain Avietion ,
Inc . is named 05 an Agency Proprietary In Book I 0f
the Senate Select Conittee Final Report , pp 208 - 9 ,
and In the Report 0f the Roekefelier Commission On
CIA Activities WIthin the United States, Pg. 218 ,
4 _ The folxowing items fali into the questlonable area
as to whether ,thoy have been pleced in the public domain by
authorized Government officials:
a Item 49, page 7la ROME DAILY AMBRICAN
Clessifi8a SECRET because lt describes Intelligence
soutces and methods a3 related to several newbpaper'
publications Howover
1
CCS files contain a
newsclip
from the September and 'Octobef 1974 edition of the
Columbia Jouralisn Review which states_
9
"Landon K.
Thorne Jr . 7he CIA; Bross = and a lawyer for CIA,
Benjenin Shute , then 2 partner In the prestigious
We11 Street law firm of Cravath, Swaine and Moore
> now acknowledge that the fourth partner [in the
purchese 0f the Rone Daily Aner1can In 4956 ] was the
CIA [Bross [ recenETy cafTed €he errangement atypical'
0f what the Agency was doing
1 a bed exenple It 1s
questionable whether the remarks made by Mr _ Bross , who
retired from the Agency An 1971, and Mr Shute who
left the Agency long before that can be
considerea
as
"snconstltut official Agency dlsclosure of this
information
b Item 54 , page 80 and item 236 , page 262 PORUM
WORLD FEATURBS _ Classifled SECRET because they describe
intelligence sources and methods and identification of
operations based in Englend . Forum_World Features was
referred to but not by nane in Book or ThG Senate
Select Comittee Final Report , page 199 25 followb;
"Another example of the danages of [propagenda] ^ fallout 1
involved two proprietaty news services that the CIA main -
teined in Burope the larger of the two wa g su bcribed
to by ovet 30 U,S newspapers In an effort to reduce the
problem of fallout
9
the CIA made a senlor official at the
mejor dailies aware that the CIA controlled these two
4_
SECRET'
ing
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SECRET]
press gervices. 11 It mey be argued that although Forum
Wor2d_Features continues to be protected to 2 deg77e
by doleton oF its name in the Senate Report CIA dis -
closure to" newspaper editors if it in fact took Place
and 48p,ud178
On how it was hendled divRioed the subject
in the domain NOTB: BUR and CA Staff
confirm the. need. for continued classification and will
comment separately .
bel ERICH X ISENSIEAD
ERICH W , ISENSTEAD
Cc: C/AF
C/ EUR
C/LA
C/NB
CICA
CONCUR :
ChTez
>
AF DIviSTon Daze
ChTer HUR DIvISTon Daze
ChTef LA DIvTsTon Dato
ChTef NE DTvTSTon Daze
ChTez
)
ZA Sraft Dazo
SECRET
==================================================
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S E C R E T
2 % ApR ISfT
MEMORANDUM FOR : SA/ DO/0
FROM George V Lauder
Acting Chief, Latin America Division
SUBJECT The CIA and the Cult of Intelligence
by Victor Marchetti and John D= Marks
REFERENCE SA/ DD/0 Memorandum dated 8 April 1977
The following are the LA Division coments on the
review of the 168 court ordered deletions of subject book,
Item 1, page Chile
Classified. Dept . of State/INR
Item 3a _ page Chile
Declassifiea.
Page 168 , Senate Select Committee Hearings ,
Volune 7 , Covert Action
Beefasbif?ege Item page 11, Chile
Pages 105 , 190 of Senate Select Committee
Hearings , Volume 7 Covert Action
Item 4 , page 12 Chile
Declassified. 168 , Senate Select Committee Hearings ,
Volume 7 Covert Action
Item 5, page. 12 Chile
Declassified_ 105 , 190 of Senate Select Committee
Hearings_
9
Volume 7 , Covert Action
Item 11, page 15, Chile
Declassified Pages 170 , 172 Senate Select Committee
Hearings Volume 7 , Covert Action and Page 231 Senate
Select Committee Interim Report on Alleged Assassination
Plots Involving Foreign Leaders
E2 IMPDET
CL BY 012180
S E € R E T
11,
11,
Page
Pages
==================================================
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S E € R E T
Item 29 page 49 Guyana Classified
Executive Order exemption 5 (B) 3
Item 46_ page 7 0 , lines 20 - - 24 , Chile
Declassified- Pages 148, 165 , 166 , 171 of Senate Select
Committee Hearings , Volume 7 , Covert Action
Item 89 page 106 , Cuba
Declassified
Footnote page 177 Senate Select
Committee Interim Report on Alleged_ Assassination Plots
Involving Foreign Leaders
Item 201, page 222 , Brazil
Classified. Executive Order exemption 5 (B) 2
Item 261, page 338 , Panana
Classified. Director of Intelligence Operations
9
ACSI
Item 292 page 420 , Chile
Declassified Page 205 Senate Select Committee Hearings ,
Volume 7 Covert Action
Item 307 page 468 Cuba
Declassified= Footnote 1 , page 177 Senate Select
Committee Interim Report on Alleged Assassination Plots
Involving Foreign Leaders
Item 317 page 468 . Chile
Declassified. Pages 168 , 189 , 205 of Senate Select
Committee Hearings, Volume 7 Covert Action
Item_318, pages 469 470 , Chile
CTassified _
Executive Order. exemption 5 (B) (2) _ There
is no record that the intelligence report on which this
item was based has been declassified .
Items 322 323. pages 473 Mexico
Classified Executive orderexemption 5 (B) (2)
There has never been official acknowledgement either
the Mexican or U.S. Governments of this case.
S E C R E T
1 ,
474 ,
by
==================================================
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S E, C R E Tj
Item_338 , page 508 Chile
Declassified. Appendix A (Covert Action in Chile
1963--1973) , pages 144--209 of Senate Select Committee
Hearings , Volune 7 , Covert Action
Item 339, page Bolivia
}
Brazil
Probem area CIA presence in Brazil and Bolivia has not
been officially acknowledged and is classified information_
Executive Order exemption 5 (B) (2) However, David Phillip' s
book, The_Night Watch Chapter 8 is titled Brazil Venezuela _
Page 209 of The Night Watch concerns CIA in Bolivia
1.4:
George V_ Lauder
3
S E C RE T
509 ,
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SECRETH
2 1
APR 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR: SA/DO/o
FROM Erich Jx Isenstead
Chief, Central Cover Staff
SUBJECT The CIA and the Cult of_Intelligence
By Ictor Marchetti and John D . Marks
REFERENCE Memo for A11 Div and Certain Staffs
fr SA/ DO/ 0 , dtd 8 Apr 77
9
Sane Subject
1. Pursuant to Reference request CCS has reviewed its
files and effected coordination with interested components
on classification of the 26 items. given to CCS for review_
Results are described below_
2 It has been determined that the following items
continue to be classified under E.0 _ 11652 and are exenpt
from the E.0. General Declassification Schedule, a5 indicated
by paragraph citations in brackets:
2 Item 24 page 47 RTV _ Classified SECRET ;
describes
enteliigegee
sources and methods of oper-
ations based in Jordan _ [Section 5 (B) (2 ) , (B) (3) ]
b Item 48 page 7la BERL INER VERE IN _
Classified SECRET; describes intelligence sources
and methods as related to several magazine publica -
tions _ [Section 5 (B) (2 ) ] NOTE : EUR Division con -
firms the need for continued classification and will
comment separately. No CCS record.
Item 48
1
page 71a AFRICAN FORUM_
Classified SECRET describes intelligence sources
and methods as
Eeiaded
to several magazine publica -
tions _ [Section 5 (B) (2) ] NOTE : CA Staff confirms
the need` for continued classification and will
comment separately. No CCS record.
d Item 48 page 71a AFRICA REPORT _ ClassifiedeSECRET agescribes
intelligence sources
and methods as related to several magazine publica -
tions_ [Section 5 (B ) (2 ) ] AF Division advises that
MARRPINTE;" RTiCE E2 IMPDET
Sensit;e #imieme Sources CL BY 026089
wn;#wv:)
SECRETL
==================================================
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SECRET;
the African American Institute, which. published Africa
Report
9
is included in a list of Agency proprietaries
in Book VI of the Senate Select Committee Final Report,
pg 263_ However the Report gave as its source for
the list the book The Invisible Government , by Wise and:
Ross , Pp 247n-248n This citation shoul not be con
sidered official Government disclosure of Agency sponsor-
ship of the Institute NOTE : CA Staff confirms the need
for continued classification and will comment separately.
e Item 48 page 7.1a PREUVES _ Classified SECRET;
describes inteliigence
sources and methods as related to
several magazine publications_ [Section 5 (B) (2) ] NOTE :
CA Staff confirms the need for continued classification
and .will coment separately .
f Item 48 , page 7la ENCOUNTER _ Classified
SECRET; describes" intelligence_ sources and methods a5
related to
several magazine publications [Section
5 (B) (2) ] NOTE : CA Staff confirms the need for con -
tinued Classification and will comment separately .
g Item 48 page 71a FORUM . Classified SECRET;
describes
inteliigence
sources and methods as related
to several magazine publications_ [Section 5 (B) (2 ) ]
NOTE : CA Staff confirms the need for continued classifi-
cation and will comment separately _
h. Item 50 , page 72 AXEL SPRINGER. Classified
SECRET; describes intelligence sources and methods of
operations based in Germany _ [Section 5 (B) (2 ) ] NOTE :
EUR Division confirms the need for continued classifica-
tion and will comment separately .
1 Item 51, page 72 FODOR and FODOR GUIDES .
Classified SECRET describes intelligence sources and
methods of operations based in Europe [Section 5 (B)
(2 ) ]
j Item 55 page 80 RTV _ Classified SECRET;
describes
inteiiigence
sources and methods of opera -
tions directed against Egypt _ [Section 5 (B) (2) ]
ks Item 56 page 81 RTV_ Classified SECRET;
describes
inteiiigence
sources and methods of opera-
tions directed against Egypt [Section 5 (B) (2 ) ]
-2 -
SEGEET
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SECRETH
1 Items 107 , 128, 129 , and 279 on pages 123, 132
133, and 403 respectively FAIRWAYS- CORPORATION
Classified SECRET; describe intelligence sources and
methods by identifying
an operational support facility
located in the U.S [Section 5 (B) (2) ] According to
CCS files = in April 1975 the DCI was asked by an NBC
reporter about CIA sponsorship of Fairways Corporation
in connection with a planned TV documentary on Agency
proprietaries CCS files are unclear on the point but
there are indications that the DCI may have
responded
to the question in a manner which could have been con-
strued as admission of CIA sponsorship of Fairways
However, CCS files contain other evidence that CIA
sponsorship of Fairways was considered still classified
as
recently as December 1976 _ NOTE : The DDA/Air
Advisor confirms the need for continued classification
and will comment separately_
m_ Item 130 page 133 PAN AFRICAN AIRL INES
(NIGERIA) LTD_
'Classified SECRET ; describes intelligence
sources and methods of operations based in Nigeria
[Section 5 (B) (2) ]
n . Item 130 page 133 SAFARI AIR SERVICE LTD _
Classified SECRET describes intelligence sources and
methods of operations based in Fast Africa_ [Section
5 (B) (2) ]
0 Item page 257 GRACE SHIPPING LINES _
Classified
SECRGt_
describes intelligence sources and
methods by describing
a cover arrangement Tith a com-
mercial company . [Section 5 (B) (2) ]
Item 278 . page 400 INTERNATIONAL CORRESPOWDENCE SCHOOis JORLD ZZEMIPE}
INC Referred to in the manuscript
as "a cover company which sold high school equivalency
diploma courses (advertised on the backs of match books)" .
Classified SECRET ; describes intelligence sources and
methods expos an operation which provided cover.
[Section 5 (B) (2) ]
q Item 280 page 404 RTV Classified SECRET ;
describes intelligence
sources and methods which expose
an operat ion targeted against Egypt _ [Section 5 (B) (2 ) ]
-3 -
LCAET
ing
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SECRETX
3 . The 'following items were heretofore classified SECRET
because they described sources and methods in identifying
a
support base located in the United States, but are now con -
sidered to have been placed in the' public domain
Items 124, 126 and 127 on pages 129 and 130
INTERMOUNTAIN AVIAT ION; INC Intermountain Aviation,
Inc is named as an Agency proprietary in Book I of
the Senate Select Committee Final Report , Pp 208 - 9 ,
and in the Report of the Rockefeller Commission on
CIA Activities Within the United States, Pg . 218
4 _ The. following items fall into the questionable area
as to whether they have been placed in the public domain by
authorized Government officials:
a Item 49_ page 71a ROME DAILY AMERICAN .
Classified SECRET because it describes intelligence
sources and methods as related to several newspaper
publications However CCS files contain a
newsclip
from the September and October 1974 edition of the
Columbia" Journalism Review which states "Landon KS
Thorne Jr the CZA S Bross , and a lawyer for CIA,
Benjamin Shute,
then a partner in the prestigious
Wal1 Street law firm of Cravath, Swaine_ and Moore ,
now acknowledge that the fourth partner [in the
purchase of the' Rome_Daily American in 1956 ] was the
CIA [Bross ] recently caled the arrangement 'atypical'
of what 'the Agency was doing a_ bad example '_ It is
questionable whether the remarks made by Mr Bross , who
retired from the Agency in' 1971, and Mr Shute who
left the. Agency long before that can be
considered
as constituting official Agency disclosure of this
information
b_ Item page 80 and item 236 , 'page 262 FORUM
WORLD FEATURES _ Classified SECRET because they describe
intelligence sources and methods and identification of
operations based in England _ Forum World Features was
referred to but not by name in Book Of the Senate
Select Committee Final Report , page 199 as follows:
"Another example of the damages of [propaganda ] fallout 1
involved two .proprietary news services that the CIA main-
tained in Europe the larger 0f the two was su bcribed
to by over 30 U.S. newspapers In an effort to reduce the
problem of fallout _ the CIA made a senior official at the
major dailies aware that the CIA controlled these two
4 -
SECRET,
54 ,
==================================================
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SECRETU
press services _ It may be argued that although Forum
World Features continues to be protected to a degree
deletion of its name in the. Senate Report
3
CIA dis -
closure to newspaper editors if it in fact took place
and depending on how it was handled placed the subject
in the public domain NOTE:
EUR Division
and CA Staff
confirm the need for cot inued classification and will
comment separately .
K
A_n_
ERICH W . ISENSTEAD
CC : C/AF
C/EUR
C/LA
C/NE
C/CA
CONCUR:
Chief
2
AF Division Date
Chief
9
EUR Division Date
Chie
9
IA Division Daze
Chief
9
NE Division Date
Chief = CA Staff Date
-5 -
SECSET
by
==================================================
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UNCLASSIFIED INTERNAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
USE ONLY
ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
SUBJECT: (Optional)
The CIA and the Cult of Intelligence by Marchetti and Marks
FROM: EXTENSION No_
Alyson Ward 6343 DATE
SIA/ I 1602 22 April 1977
TO: (Offcer designation, room number , and DATE
building) OFFICER'S COMMENTS (Number each commoni to show trom whom
INITIALS t whom: Draw line across column after each comment )
RECEIVED FORWARDED
2 2
C/SIA/ I
2_
3
CISIA APR
5
SA/ DDO/0
2D0109 Hqs .
6
8
10.
12.
13_
15_
FOR24 610 UsEDitaOUs SECRET CONFIDENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
USE ONLY
@UwJ
1977 2 2
==================================================
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SECRET
22 April 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR: Special Assistant to' DDO for
External Oversight
VIA Chief , Staff for International Activities
FROM Robert DS Wiecha
Chief SIA/ Israeli Branch
SUBJECT The CIA and the Cult 0f Intelligence
by Victor Marchetti and Jonn D Marks
REFERENCE Memorandum dated 8 April 1977 from
Mr Fendig , same subject
1 This office has reviewed the five items concerning
Israel which were deleted from subject book , and has
determined that a11 items are still not releasable for the
following reasons
a _ Item 182 page 196 : According to Mr _ Vernon
Weimar the CIA S Tiaison contact in the Federal
Bureau of Investigation, this item is still classified
"'SECRET" under Executive Order (E.0.) 11652 , Section
5 (B) (2) (intelligence sources and methods) _
b _ Item 197 page_ 218 : This item is still
classified T
SECRETY
under E.0 11652 ; Section 5
(B) (1) (foreign liaison) and (2)
C Item 198 page 219: This item is still
classified M TOP SECRET" under E. 0 _ 11652 , Section 5
(B) (2)
d Item 224 page 252 : This item is still
classified TTOP SECRET" under E. 0 . 11652 ; Section 5
(B) (2)
E2 IMPDET
CL BY 0597748
SECRET
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Item page 329 : This item is still
classified TSECRETT under E.0 _ 11652 , Section 5
(B) (1) and (2) _
2 _ questions regarding this memorandum should be
directed to Alyson Ward, SIA/I, extension 1602 .
Robert D_ Wiecha
2
2562
Any
Gec
==================================================
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SECRET
22 APTIl 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR: Speciel AssIstant to DDO for
Bxternal Oversight
VIA Chief , Staff for International Activities
PROM Robert D. Wiecha
Chief, SIA/ Israeli Branch
SUBJECT The CIA and the Cukt %f IntelL gence
by VTcEor Marchet€T and John D. MaTks
REPERBNCE Memorandun dated 8 April 1977 from
Mr _ Pendig, same subject
1_ This' office has reviewed the five items concerning
Israel which were deleted from subject book and hes
determined that al1 items are, stili not releasable for the
following
reasons :
0 _ Item 182 pege_196: Accordlng to Mr . Vernon
Weimer , Eho CIAT5 TTETSon contact In the Pederal
Bureau 0f Investigetion , this Item 18 sti1l clessifled
"SECRET" under Bxecutive Order 11652 , Section
S (B) (2) (InteIligence Sourc0s and
8 nethoa3y
me
b Item 107 218 : This Icem Is still
clagsifiod under E.0 . 11652 , Section 5
(B) (1) (forelgn Iiedson) and (2)
Item 198. page 219: This item 19 still
clasgified WTOP SECRET" under E.0 11652 , Section 5
(B) (2) .
d_ Item224_page 252 : This Item 49 still
classiffad TTOP SECRET uder E.0,. 11652 , Section 5
(B) (2) .
E2 IMPDBT
CL BY 059748
SECRET
"SEcREtkege
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SECRET
D@m 256 3229' ThtsItom tSstfl
clessified under E,0 . 11652
9
Sectlon 5
(B) (1) and (2) .
2 Any questions regerding this memorandum should be
directed to
Alyson Ward, SIATI, extension 1602 .
Robort D. Wieeha
3 2 -
SECRET
"SECRETR !9
==================================================
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UNCLASSIFIED INTERNAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
USE ONLY
ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
SUBJECT; (Optional)
Addendum to LA Division Memorandum dtd 22 April 1977
FROM: EXTENSION NO_ George V Lauder
Acting Chief
DATE Latin America Division 1039
TO: (Oficer designation, room number, and DATE building) OFFICER'S COMMENTS (Number each commenf to show from whom
INITIALS @ whom_ Draw line across coiumn after each comment)
RECEIVED FORWARDED
SA/DO/0
2
3
5_
6_
8_
10.
12_
13_
14_
15 .
FO82^ 610 UseDitQus SECRET CONFIDENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
USE ONLY
==================================================
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S E C R E T
2 6 APR 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR: SA/DO/0
FROM George V Lauder
Acting Chief , Latin America Division
SUBJECT Addendum to LA Division Memorandum
Dated 22 April 1977
1 It was Mr _ William C . Jones at Department of State
INR/OIL who stated that item 1 page 11, item 34 page
59 , ana
item 337 page 509 are still classified.
2 _ Item 19 page Chile
According to Mr _ David Carpenter State/ INR/OIL
lines 14 through line 17 "So at
Kisdenge:
S urging" and
line 24 beginning "Ambassador Korry' through line 29 continue
to be classified. Line 17 beginning "the 40 Committee"
through line 24 ending "the covert action programs has been
declassified. The substance can be found on
pages 166-170 ,
190 and 205 of the Senate Select Committee Hearings , Volume 7
Covert Action _
3 _ Item 10 page 15 Chile
Line 1 through "his nominal superior" and line 2
beginning "Meyer was" through line 4 continue to be classified
according to Mr Carpenter_ State/ INR/OIL _ Lines 5 through
11 are declassified and can be found on pages 167-169 of
Senate Select Committee Hearings , Volume 7 Covert Action _
4 . Item 261 page 338 was discussed with Mr . Merrill T.
Kelly , Director, Intelligence Operations ACSI by Seymour
Young, PCS/LSN_ Mr _ Keliy stated the item is still classified.
6 Georgdv"
Lauder
6 iN?cet CL EY LRLRe_
S E C R E T
14 ,
La
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S E C R E T
2 6 APR 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR: SA/DO/0
FROM George V Lauder
Acting Chief , Latin America Division
SUBJECT Addendum to LA Division Memorandum
Dated 22 April 197.7
1 It was Mr _ William C Jones at Department of State
INR/OIL who stated that item 1 page 11, item 34 page
59 , and
item 337 page 509 are still classified.
2 _ Item ) 9 page 14 , Chile
According to Mr _ David Carpenter State INR/OIL
lines 14 through line 17 "So at Kissinger S urging" and
line 24 beginning "Ambassador Korry" through line 29 continue
to be classified. Line 17 beginning "the 40 Committee"
through line 24 ending "the covert action programs has been
declassified_ The substance can be found on pages 166-170 ,
190 and 205 of the Senate Select Committee Hearings , Volume 7
Covert Action_
3_ Item 10 page 15 Chile
Line 1 through "his nominal superior" and line 2
beginning "Meyer was" through line 4 continue to be classified
according to Mr Carpenter, State/ INR/OIL _ Lines 5 through
11 are declassified and can be found on pages 167-169 of
Senate Select Committee Hearings =
9
Volume 7 Covert Action.
4 _ Item 261 page 338 was discussed with Mr Merrill T
Kelly. Director, Intelligence Operat ions ACSI by Seymour
Young , PCS/LSN_ Mr _ Kelly stated the item is still classified.
Is/ George V. Lauder
George V_ Lauder
S E C R E T
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UNCLASSIFIED INTERNAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
USE ONLY
ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
SUBJECT: (Optional)
Marchetti_Marks Manuscript
FROM: EXTENSION NO_
c/CAs DATE
25 April 1977
TO: (Officer designation, room number , an DATE
building) OFFICER'S COMMENTS (Number each commenf to show from whom
INITIALS to whom. Draw line across column after each comment:)
RECEIVED FORWARDED
SA/D0/0
2 h6~
3
5 _
6_
83
10_
12_
13_
15.
FO62 610 UseoirTous SECRET CONFIDENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
USE ONLY
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1977
SECREC
MEMORANDUM FOR : SA /D0/0
FROM : Dona ld J Purcell
Chief
)
Covert Action Staff
SUBJECT : The CIA and the Cult of Intelligence
by Victor Marchetti and John Da Marks
REFERENCE : Memo for All Divisions and Certain Staffs,
from SA /D0/0, 8 April 1977 , same subject
Following are Covert Action Staff comments on items
24 , 48 , 54, 55, 56, 236 , and 280 , which are among the
passages containing classified information that were de-
leted before publication of the Marchetti-Marks manuscript :
a ) Items 24 (p. 47) , 55 (p_ 80) 56 (p_ 81) ,
and 280 (p_ 404) are classified secret and are
exempt from publication under Section 5 (b) (2) of
EO 11652 , which protects intelligence sources and
methods of operation Specifically, these items
name RTV , Inc and describe it as a CIA proprietary
that was used for clandestine operations in a variety
of countries In addition, items 55 and 56 are
especially sensitive because they describe an opera-
tion in Jordan , exposure of which could be harmful to
United States relations in the Middle East ( Section
5 b 3) _
b) Items 54 and 236 (on P 80 and p 262) are
classified secret and are exempt from publication
under Section 6) (b) (2) Of EO 11652 which protects
intelligence sources and methods of operation _ These
items name Forum World Features describe it as a CIA
proprietary that was used for clandestine propaganda
operations specify that the clandestine operations
were directed especially at the Third World , and further
specify that the man who ran FWF was an experienced
CIA operator It may be worth noting that the Senate
Select Committee declined to publish the name of this
clandestine proprietary when the Agency advised the
Committee that publication would damage the former
director 0f Forum Wor ld Features _ who had entered into
a clandestine relationship with the U.S. Government in
good faith
{SECRET
APR 85
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A+ SECRET
C Item 48 (p_ 7la ) is; classified secret and
is exempt from publication under Section 5
665)
(2)
of EO 11652 , which protects intelligence sources and
methods of operation _ This item names African Forum-
Africa_Report Preuves_ Encounter and Forum as
magazines tnat received CIA subsidies In the case
of Preuves, Encounter and Forum these magazines were
published the
Torner
Congress for Cultural Freedom _
The Government has not acknowledged covertay subsidizing
CCF or its magazines _ although Encounter magazine S
ties to CIA have been the subject Of press speculation _
Preuves magazine has been the subject of little or no'
press speculation, as far as we know and it is our
understanding that French laws prohibit covert foreign
subsidies to French publications which makes it
especially important to protect the former CIA tie to
that magazine Exposure of the two Africa magazines
would be damaging to a number of prominent people and
organizations in this country and in Africa that have
worked for improved social conditions in Africa and for
good relations between this country and Africa, which
would be harnful to this country S relations with Africa _
(Section 5 b 3)
BonalayAGcorf
by
SECHET
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UNCLASSIFIED INTERMAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
USE ONLY
ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
SUBJECT: (Opiional)
FROM: Richard S Sampson EXTENSION NO_
Chief European Division
DATE 2 5 APR 1977
TO: (Offcer designation, room number , and DATE
building) OFFicer'$ COMMENTS (Number oach comment to show from whom
INITIALS t whom. Draw line across]column after each comment:)
RECEIVED FORWARDED
SA/DO/0
"hnrt
CS-7
2 @X-le)
3
5_
6
8
10_
12_
13_
15.
50824 610 USEDITOQUS SECRET CONFI DENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
USE ONLY
==================================================
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SECRET
MEMORANDUM FOR: Special Assistant to DDO for
External Oversight
FROM : Richard S . Sampson
Chief
)
European Division
SUBJECT Marks-Marchetti Manuscript:
Review 0f Deletions
1 As requested_ the European' Division has reviewed
the items pertaining to Europe which were deleted from the
original manuscript because of the Agency position they were
classified information_ We can find only one instance in
which an authorized official of the U.S _ Government has
placed any of these references in the public domain s ince
first publication of the book _ The ' specific references are
listed below together with the grounds for classification
and the components who have been consulted.
2 References which European Division believes are
still classified and should remain S0 are :
E.0_ 11652
Name / Cite # [Page Exeption_Category 'Coordination
Alex Springer (#50 , p 72) 5 (b) 2 EUR/ G
Rome 'Daily American (#49 ,
P 71a) 5 (b) 2 CCS EUR/ Italy
Magazines : Preuves
9
Forum
(#48 , p 7la) 5 (b) 2 CA
Encounter (#48, P 71a) See note
Forum World Features
(#54, #256 , P P 262) 5 (e) 2 CA EUR/ BC
E2 IMPDET
CL BY 003283
SECRET
80 ,
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SECRET
E. 0 _ 11652
Namel Cite #[Page Exewption_Category Coordination
LCPIPIT (#334, 335 , 336
P 483-4) 5 (b) 3 CA
Bases in Ge rmany (#234,
P 262 ) 5 (b) 3 EUR/ G , CCS
Re lease of Satellite
photos to British (#62 ,
P 86 ) 5 ~ (b) 2 EUR/BC
Liaison relations
CANUKUS (#194 7 ,
P 215 , 6 , 8)
t#5os/ _
P 437) 5 (b) 2 EURIBC
Liaison , others (#196 225 ,
333,, P
219,5253,9483)
5] (b) 2 AF
MAKARIOS Base rental
de al
(8296 298 , 300
P 425
426)
5 (b) 1 EUR/CGT
Political subsidies: SPD , CDU
Italy (#21 , 273 , p
45 , 380}
5 (b) 3 EUR/Italy
Willy Brandt (#18 .- 2 8 , 52 ,
p '42-45 , 48 , 77) 5 (b) 2 EUR/G
NOTE : CA Staff advises that information admitting CIA funds
were provided to Encounter through the Congress for Cultural
ND Freedom has been released under the FOIA and Privacy Act.
6x
RsS_
Richard S . Gampson
~2 -
SECRET
20 ,
Xlen
Ssi
==================================================
Page 58
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SLli/
2 5 APR 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR: Special Assistant to DDO for
External Oversight
FROM : Richard S . Sampson
Chief European Division
SUBJECT : Marks-Marchetti Manuscript:
Review of De letions
1_ As requested, the European Division has reviewed
the items pertaining to Europe which were deleted from the
original manus cript because of the Agency position they _ were
classified information. We can find one ins tance in
wh ich an authorized official of the U.S _ Government has
Placed any of these references in the public domain since
first publication of the book- The specific references are
listed below together with the grounds for classification
and the components who have been consulted.
2 Re ferences which European Division believes are
still classified and should remain 50 are :
E.0_ 11652
Name/Cite #Page Exemption_Category 'Coordination
Alex Springer (#50 , P 72) 5 ` (6) 2 EUR/G
Rome Daily American (#49 ,
P 71a) 5 (b) 2 CCS, EUR/ Italy
Magazines : Preuves , Forum
(#48, P 7la) 5 (b) 2 CA
Encounter (#48 , P Tla) See note
Forum World Features
(#54, #256 , P P 262) 5 (b) 2 CA EUR/BC
E2 IMPDET
CL By 00 3283
SECRET
only
80 ,
==================================================
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Uiluli
E.0 11652
Nane/Cite #[Rage Exeu_tion Category Coordinatio
LCP IPIT (4334 , 335 , 336 ,
P 483-4) 5 (b) 3 CA
Bases in Ge rmany (#234 ,
P
262) 5 (6) 3 EUR/G , CCS
Re lease of Satellite
photos to British (#62 ,
P 86) 5 (6) 2 EURIBC
Liaison relations
CANUKUS (#194 7 ,.
p 215 , 6 , 8)
{#So8, -
P 437) 5 (6) 2 EUR/BC
Liais others (#196
333,, P 217 , 253 483) 5](6) 2 AF
MAKARIOS Base rental
deal (6296 298 , 300
P
425 , 426)
5 (b) l EURICGT
Political subsidies: CDU
Italy (#21, 273,
P 45 , 380) 5] (6) 3 EUR/ Italy
Willy Brandt (#18 = 20 , 52 ,
P 42-45 , 48 , 77) 5 (b) 2 EUR/G
NOTE : CA Staff advises that information admitting CIA funds
were provided to Encoun ter through" the Congress for Cultural
ND: Freedom has been released under the FOIA and Privacy Act.
2S.s
Richard S. sampson
DDO / EUR/FP / FC: William Phelps :kdh (25 April 77) (xl872)
Distribution:
Orig 8 1 Addressee
1 C/EUR
1 E/FPIFC
2 -
SECRET
225 , on ,
SPD ,
2 8 ,
ary
mmms'
(m
==================================================
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UNCLASSIFIED INTERNAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
USE ONLY
ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
SUBJECT; (Optional)
FROM: EXTENSION NO_
SE/OSG DATE
SB4806 1705 26 April 1977
TO: (Officer designotion, foom number , and DATE
building) OFFICER'S COMMENTS (Number each commanf to show 'from whom
INITIALS @ whom: Drow 0 Iine ocross column after each comment:)
RECEIVED FORWARDED
SA/ DO/0
Sa~
290109
7l4Fckl_
3
2
3
I Hclte-~ Ize
7 ;,
5_
8
10.
12.
13_
15_
FORM 610 UseDifeQus SECRET CONFIDENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
3-62 USE ONLY
0Yo
Elr
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SECRET
8 6
1977
MEMORANDUM FOR: Special Assistant to DDO for External Oversight
FROM 'George T Kalaris
Chief Soviet/East European Division
SUBJECT The' CIA and: 'the 'Cult of Intelligence
by Victor Marchetti and John D Marks
REFERENCE Your Memorandum Same' 'Subject,
dated 8 April 1977
1 We have reviewed the seven items relating to
SE Division interests of the 168 items deleted in 1974
from the Marchetti and Marks book, The 'CIA 'and the 'Cult
of Intelligence, againt official disclosures and have
determined that with one exception , the items are still
properly classified under Executive Order 11652 :
A= Item No _ 53 relating to NTS remains
classified SECRET _ It describes intelligence
sources and methods of operations directed
against the Soviet Union It is exempt from
the General Declassification Schedule of
Executive Order 11652 exemption category SB (3) _
Bs Item Nos _ 58 , 59 and 63 relating to
the Penkovskiy Papers remains classified SECRET .
They describe inteTTigence
sources and methods
of an operation directed against the Soviet Union _
They are exempt from the General Declassification
Schedule of Executive Order 11652 , exemption
category SB ( 3) _
C Item Nos 148 and 149 relating to the
AEIDOL case remain classified SECRET They
describe intelligence_ sources and methods of an
operation based in Tokyo directed against the
Soviets and also identify Agency personnel under
cover _
WARNING NOTICE SENS ITIVE INTELLIGENCE SOURCES AND METHODS
INVOLVED
SECRET E2 IMPDET
CL BY 014652
APR
==================================================
Page 62
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SECRET
2 _ The one item excepted is Item No 57 _ This item
relates to the Penkovskiy Papers Marchetti and Marks wrote
in their manuscript: TOne of the CIA S most famous venture
(sic) in book publishing was The Penkovsky Papers (sic)
This chronicle of spying for the West inside the Kremlin
appeared in 1965 , and it was allegedly taken from the journal
of the actual spY , Colonel Oleg Penkovsky_ The Penkovskix
Papers are mentioned in the Final Report of the 'seTect Committee
to Study Governmental 'Operations with Respect to Tntelligence
Activities, Book 1, page 194 , dated 26 April 1976,
as follows:
Another CIA book, the Papers, was
published in the United States
Penkov{96y
in
operational reasons but actually became commer-
cially viable _ The
book
was prepared and written
by witting Agency assets who drew on actual case
materials Publication rights to the manuscript
were sold to a publisher through a trust fund
which was established for the purpose The publisher
was unaware of any U.S . Government interest
3 _ In view of this published statement by the Senate
Select Committee, Item No _ 57 has been placed in the public
domain by official disclosure by the United States _ It can
no longer be considered classified under Executive Order 11652 _
6A U
George T. Kalaris
SECRET
Tfor
==================================================
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SECRET
APR
MEMORANDUM FOR: Special Assistant to DDO . for External Oversight
FROM George T_ Kalaris
Chief Soviet/East, European Division
SUBJECT The CIA and the Cult "of Intelligence
by Victor Marchetti and John D Marks
REFERENCE Your Memorandum Same 'Subject,
dated 8 April 1977
1 We have reviewed the seven itens relating to
SE Division interests of the 168 items deleted in 1974
from the Marchetti and Marks book The CIA and the Cult
of Intelligence, againt official disclosures and have
determined that with one exception
9
the items are still
properly classified under Executive Order 11652:
A_ Item No _ 53 relating to NTS remains
classified SECRET It describes intelligence
sources and methods of operations directed
against the Soviet Union It is exempt from
the General Declassification Schedule of
Executive Order 11652
9
exemption category 5B ( 3) .
B Item Nos _ 58 ,
>
59 and 63 relating to
the Penkovskiy Papers remains classified SECRET _
They describe intelligence
sources and methods
of an operation directed against the Soviet Union _
They are exempt from the General Declassification
Schedule of Executive Order 11652 , exemption
category 5B ( 3)
C. Item Nos _ 148 and 149 relating to the
AEIDOL case remain classified SECRET _ They
describe intelligence_ sources and methods 0f an
operation based in directed against the
Soviets and als0 identify ` Agency personnel under
cover
WARNING NOTICE SENS ITIVE INTELLIGENCE SOURCES AND METHODS
INVOLVED
SECRET E2 IMPDET
CI, RY 014652
1377
8 $
Tokyo
==================================================
Page 64
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SECRET
2 _ The one item. excepted is Item No. 57 _ This item:
relates_ to the .Penkovskiy Papers Marchetti and Marks wrote
in their manuscript: TOne of the CIA' s most famous venture
ksic) in book publishing was The Penkovsky Papers (sic)
[This chronicle of spying for the West inside the Kremlin
appeared in 1965 and it was allegedly taken from the journal
of the actual spy , Colonel Penkovsky _ Ii The Penkovskix
Papers are mentioned in the Final Report %f the 'Select Comwittee
to
Study Governmental Operations with Respect to Intellgence
Activities, Book page 194 dated 76 April 1976,
as folTows:
"Another CIA book, the Penkovskiy Papers, was:
published in the United States in T965 Tfor
operational reasons but actually_ became comner-
cially viable The book was prepared and written
by witting Agency assets who drew on actual case
materials Publication rights to the manuscript
were sold to a
publisher through a trust fund
which was "established for the purpose The publisher
was unaware of' any U.S . Government interest_
3 _ In view of this published statement by the Senate
Select Committee Item No _ 57 has been placed in the public
'idomain by official disclosure by the United States It can
no longer be considered classified under Executive Order 11652 .
(C(c( i`
George T Kalaris
DDO/ SE : JDKenney (xl705 26 April 1977)clh
Distribution
Orig 8 1 Addressee 2 2
SE/OSG
1_ SE/ RAO
1 SE/ CI
SECRET
Oleg
==================================================
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UNCLASSIFIED INTERNAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
USE ONLY
ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
SUBJECT: (Optional)
Memorandum
FROM: EXTENSION NO.
NE / COPS Samuel . Rickard -1188 DATE 37
April 1977
TO: (Officer designation, room number , and DATE building) OFFICER'S COMMENTS (Number each comment to show from whom
INITIALS p whom. Drow line Ocross . column after each comment:} RECEIVED FORWARDED
SA/ D0/0
Attn: Mr_ P Fendjg
Room: 2D 01 . 09
2 TTile ' Pxf6
5_
10.
12.
13.
15 .
jO87 610 USEDitaous SECRET CONF I DENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLA SSIFIED
USE ONLY
==================================================
Page 66
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SECBEL_
2 7,APR 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR: SA/DO/0
ATTENT ION Mr _ Philip F. Fendig
FROM Samuel HS Rickard
Chief f Operations NE Division
SUBJECT The CIA and the Cult of Intelligence by
Victor Marchetti and John D. Marks
1 The following deleted items in subject book have been
placed in the' public domain as cited below:
Lr
a Item 72 , page 97 : This item which was placed in
lthe public domain in Harry Rositzke' s book The CIA' s Secret
Maez
rations on pages 173 and 174 is a problem area The author
of this book is a former senior
CIA officer who allowed the
Agency to review his manuscript prior to publication _ Howeve ,
Uibw CIA did not approve the manuscript for publication and there
fore in our view Item 72 remains classified under Executive
Order 11652 under Exemption SB '(2)
b _ Item 152 page 165 and Item 28
9
page 48 : These
two items also fall in a problem area The following references
to CIA' s special relationship with the Shah of Iran imply , but
~ do not specifically state that such a relationship exists See
Book 1 of
the Select Committee
to Study Governmental Operations
with Respect to IntelTigence Activities page 552 and S
3
CTine
S book entitled Secrets Spies and Scholars; Blueprint
of the Essential CIA pages
131
and T3z . Additionally
9
though
T Mr CIine
) a former senior CIA officer allowed the Agency to
L review his manuscript prior to
publication;
CIA did not approve
the
Gibe mauS6tfen for publication_ Therefore in our view Items
and 28 remain classified under Executive Order 11652 under tz
Exemption SB (2)
2 _ The following items remain classified under Executive
Order 1165.2:
Item Manuscript_Page Exemption
55 8 0 5B
24 47 5B
56 81 5B
8
280 404 5B
152 165 S5B
E2 IMPDET
SzRSI' TWZCES CL BY 056382
R: -)
ZGRET
"tib
M+
rit &9
Mo
8,ta_
Ray
m
'~the=
~tnt_
Cw~
==================================================
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SZORET
Iten Manuscript_Page Exemption
23 46 5B (2)
22 46 5B (2) (3)
73 97 5B (
172 189 5B (
3
74 98 5B (
331 482 5B (
332 482 5B (
{33
160 182 5B (
224 252 SB (
I
159 181 5B ( (3)
160 182 5B (
161 183 5B (
162 184 5B (2)
Samue l H_
Rickara * _
2 SZCBET
==================================================
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Zehwlz?
Tahed 3 AhT mewx:
cnutm ' mu 3 ' sem Y As G5 mto &Y
'R ) xu 339
Ma J7 9 * nlLuv- meln
03
An xun ~nealyd
Cnk
"Aelqae4 AtaZon- (Lt
c) Jau 4 8 ekech ~sb faktzUf c
a&r
3
mD
Axbn smaik a5
Qsaxt 16nble 378JSl ~Izstzi
22kul -1
0) (ecex~xl Ar tment
X_
xen 339_
xd xhny
1) ex ko NfC cnvlmnx
~Hav Y
ptztis
&
us Futrt _
Ac~rT)y
[7Y1
tnio
Chub _ Cv 33? ;
~
'Mun4at #
Cr
A-n- sndfnalud
F
A&l Xt
==================================================
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UNCLASSIFIED INTERNAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
USE OnLY
ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
SUBJECT; (Optional)
Marchetti/Marks Book
FROM: EXTENSION No_
Chief, Africa/Plans 1326
DATE 2 7 APR 1977
TO: (Officer designation, room number , aid DATE
building) OFFICER'S COMMENTS (Number oach comment to show from whom
INITIALS J whom: Draw fine acrosscolumn after oach comMent;)
RECEIVED FORWARDED
SA/ DO/0
Attn: Mr Shepanek
2
5
6
8_
10_
12_
13.
14
15.
FORM 610 usebifagus SECRET CONFIDENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
3-62 USE ONLY
==================================================
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SECRET
27 APR
MEMORANDUM FOR: SA/ DO/0
ATTENTION Mr _ Norbert Shepanek
FROM Edward J. Jr _
Chief,
AtricyyPlzns
SUBJECT Marchetti/Marks Book
1 Mr Sam Halperin has questioned our request
that Item 339 page 509 remain classified on the ground
that references to CIA activities in the Congo in an
official report of the U.S _ Senate declassified the
reference to the Congo _
2 . The existence of a CIA presence in the Congo
is reported in an interim report of the Senate Select
Committee on Intelligence_ dated 20 November 1975 It
may be argued therefore that to agree to declassification
0f the reference to the Congo would have the effect of
singling out the Congo in the Third World as an alleged
target of CIA operations This would have an adverse
effect on our relations with the. government 0f Zaire
We believe the item should remain classified and that
exemption 5(b) ( 3) would apply in the case 0f the Congo _
{ewl)2
dward
WARNING Notice
SEMSITINE INTELLiGENCE SOURCES
AND WETWCES UNVOLVED
E2 IMPDET
CL BY 009904
SECRET
1977
==================================================
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SECRET
27 APR 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR: SA/ DO/0
ATTENTION Mr _ Norbert Shepanek
FROM Edward J Jr _
Chief ,
AtricxpPlans
SUBJECT Marchetti/Marks Book
1_ Mr Sam Halperin has questioned our request
that Item 339 page '509 remain classified on the ground
that references to CIA activities in the Congo in an
official report of the U.S_ Senate declassified the
reference to the Congo _
2 _ The existence of a CIA presence in the Congo
is reported in an interim report of the Senate Select
Committee on Intelligence dated 20 November 1975 It
may be argued therefore that to agree to declassification
of the reference to the Congo would have the effect of
singling out the Congo in the Third World as an alleged
target of CIA operations _ This would have an adverse
effect on our relations with the government of Zaire
We believe the item should remain classified and that
exemption 5 (b) (3) would apply in the case 0f the Congo _
Is/ EDWARD J. FOY , JR
Edward J . Jr _
War,TQ NoTicE
SemSi;!&E anteilicemc SOURCES
MMD W7RA,S !WolVED
E2 IMPDET
CL BY 009904
SEGHET
Foy ,
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UNCLASSIFIED INTERMAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
USE ONLY
ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
SUBJECT: (Optional)
FROM: EXTENSION No_
DATE
ciAF_ PLS 1326 21 April 1977
TO: (Officer designation, room numbor, aid DATE building) OFFICER'S COMMENTS](Number each commont to show from whom
INITIALS f whom. Drow 0 Iine ocross]column after each comment:)
RECEivEd FORWARDED
SA/ DDO/0
2
Attn: Mr _ Shepanek
3
5
6_
8_
10.
12_
13.
14_
15_
FORM 610 usebitovous SECRET CONFIDENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
3-62 USE ONLY
==================================================
Page 73
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SECRET}:
2 1 APR 1977
MEMORAN DUM FOR : Special Assistant to DDO for
External Oversight
ATTENT ION Mr _ Norbert Az Shepanek
FROM Edward J_ Jr.
Chief, Africa Plans
SUBJECT The CIA and the Cult of Intelligence
REFERENCE SA/ DO/0 Memo dated 8 April 1977
9_
Same Subject
1 The information which pertains to Africa and which
was deleted by court order from subject book remains
classifiable and classified. The information is national
security information bears directly on the conduct of our
foreign affairs and requires protection fron unauthorized
disclosure_ None of the items of information ordered
deleted from the book by the courts has been declassified
by . any United States Government 0fficial authorized to
declassify national security information _
2 _ The exemptions which apply to the deleted items
are as follows:
Item 29 , Page 49 Exemptions 5 (B) (2) (3)
Item 79 , Page 100 Exemptions 5 (B) (1) (2) (3)
Items 283 and 284 , Exemption 5 (B) ( 3)
Page 413
Items 286 and 2 87 , Exemptions 5 (B) (3)
Page 414
Item, 287a, Page 415 Exemption 5 (B) (3)
Item 288 , Page 416 Exemption 5 (B) (1) (2) (3)
Items 290 and 291 , Exemption 5 (B) (1) (2) ( 3)
Page 417
E2 IMPDET
CL BY 009904
WARNING NOTICE
SENSITIVE INTELLIGENCE SOURCES
AND METHODS .NVOLVED
SECRET]
Foy ,
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SECTE]
3 _ The following items , al1 of which relate to matters
of concern to Africa Division, als0 remain classified:
Item 41, Page Exemption 5 (B) (2) ( 3)
Item 42 , Page 6 5a Exemption 5 (B) (2) (3)
Item 47 , Page 71 Exemption 5 (B) (2) ( 3)
Item Page 71a Exemption 5 (B) ( 2) ( 3)
Item 55 , Page 80 Exemption 5 (B) ( 2)
Item 130 , Page 133 Exemption 5 (B) (2)
Item 170 , Page 189 Exemption 5 (B) ( 2) (3)
Item 197 Page 218 Exemption 5 (B) (1) ( 2),( 3)
Item 198 , ` Page 219 Exemption 5 (B) (1) (2) (3)
Item 301, Page 427 Exemption 5 (B) (1) (2) (3)
Item 339 Page 509 Exemption 5 (B) (1) ( 2) (3)
4 Items 283 284, 286 , 28 7 287a , 288 290 and 291
pertain to
Nationai Security' Council proceedings
Mr _ William Edmondson, Deputy Assistant Secretary of State
for African Affairs and Mr Paul Henze National Security
Council staff have been informed by
teiephone
this date
that CIA will refuse the request of the attorney of
Mr _ Marchetti and Mr . Marks to declassify these items
Ubuu /S {V
dward
2
SECRET,
645
48 ,
Foy ,
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SECRET]
2 1 APR 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR : Special Assistant to DDO for
External Oversight
ATTENT ION Mr . Norbert A= Shepanek
FROM Edward J Jr_
Chief, Africa Plans
SUBJECT The CIA and the Cult of Intelligence
REFERENCE SA/ DO/0 Memo dated 8 April 1977_ Same Subject
1 The information. which pertains to Africa and which
was deleted by court order from subject book remains
classifiable and classified. The information is national
security information
9
bears directly
on the conduct of our
foreign affairs and requires protection from unauthorized
disclosure_ None of the items of information ordered
deleted from the book by the courts has been declassified
by any United States Government official authorized to
declassify national security information .
2 _ The exemptions which apply to the deleted itens
are as follows :
Item 29 , Page 49 Exemptions 5 (B) (2) (3)
Item Page 100 Exemptions 5 (B) (1) (2) (3)
Items 283 and 284 , Exemption 5 (B) (3)
Page 413
Items 286 and 287 , Exemptions 5 (B) (3)
Page 414
Item, 28 7a,. Page 415 Exemption 5 (B) (3)
Item 288 , Page 416 Exemption 5 (B) (1) (2) (3)
Items 290 and Exemption 5 (B) (1) (2) (3)
Page 417.
E2' IMPDET
CL BY 009904
WAPNING NOTICE
SENSXTIVE INtelliGENCE SOURCES
And METHOdS INVOLVED
SEGRE}
Foy ,_
79 ,
291 ,
==================================================
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SECRET}
3 _ The following items
)
a11 of which relate to matters
of concern to Africa Division, also remain classified:
Item 41, Page Exemption 5 (B) ( 2) (3)
Item 42 , Page 6 5a Exemption 5{B) (2) (3)
Item Page 71 Exemption 5 (B) ( 2) (3)
Item Page 7la Exemption 5 (B) (2) (3)
Item 55, Page 80 Exemption 5 (B) ( 2)
Item 130, Page 133 Exemption 5 (B) ( 2)
Item 170 , Page 189 Exemption 5 (B) ( 2) (3)
Item 197
9
Page 218 Exemption 5 (B) ( 1) (2) (3)
Item 198 , Page 219 Exemption 5 (B) ( 1) (2) (3)
Item 301, Page 427 Exemption 5 (B) (1) (2) (3)
Item 339, Page 509 Exemption 5 (B) (1) (2) (3)
4 _ Items 283 284, 28 7 287a , 288 290 and' 291
pertain to
Nationai Security' Council proceedings
Mr William Edmondson, Deputy Assistant Secretary of State
for African Affairs _
9
and Mr Paul Henze National Security
Council staff have been informed by
teiephone
this date
that CIA will refuse the request of the attorney of
Mr _ Marchetti and Mr . Marks to declassify these items
I8/ BDWARD J. FOY, JRo
Edward J. Jr.
2
SECRET ,
6k5
47 ,
48 ,
286 ,
Foy ,
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27
Ica
Cz
3G
D1 Hz ILrL
22 Ai
"z
Gxhle:
JE
111
B320
atauz
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THE VIETNAM-CAMBODIA EMERGENCY, 1975
Part IV__Cambodia Evacuation: Testimony of
Ambassador John Gunther Dean
HEARING
BEFORE THB
SPECIAL SUBCOMMITTEE ON. INVESTIGATIONS
OF THE
COMMITTEE ON
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
HOTOSH OF RPPRESHNTA TIVES
NINETY-FOURTH CONGRESS
SECOND SESSION
MAY 5, 1976
Printed for the use Of the Commttee on International Relatlons
U.S: GOVERNMENT' PRINTING OFFICE
7544 WASHINGTON 1076
==================================================
Page 79
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13-00000
672
made O11 behalf of Cambodia. To insure that the program "s tailored to rea}
requirewe:ts, to iusure that eguipn}ent ns received Ly" personnel trained in
theic uSC aud to insure tbat mnaterial providedl under MAP had reaeonab
expectaucy of inaintenance Support, itelus such as force structure; military Orgs-
nization, tcchnical assistancc aud logistics became watters tlat cacle ucder tix:
purrien of the MEDTC: '0 have closed OUr eres tu there ax[ects in D)} riew"
would hare ignored congressional concerns regarding etticieut' managemeut. I
did not consider thesc functions a_ iolation (1f the (Tgressioual iuiehr in
banning advisors and these functious coutinued during Wj tenure In Li} Ix-Tis f
the ban would hare been riolated had persounel been igned t militars units
Or activities 011 an around-tle-cick basis ald inrolved tbewuselves iu most of the:
matters affecting their units O activity_ In prescribing te limits Of bur assi-! -
auce, thc views (f tlle GAO report were Iseful in gulding ( judgmen:.
Questiow 10. During Four teuure aS Ambassador, did a0y U.S Military Attacbe:
serve with Khmer military units in the feld ?
What regulations did the U.8. Eibassy hare to gorern the actirities of
U.S Military Attaches and the Militarz Eruipmeut Deliver; Teaw?
~Were aJ changes in thle regulations made after the incident at Kampst
invol Major Iawrence Ondecker in Aarch 1974?
Answer: No U.S. military serred with Khmer militar; units in the feld: (_
personnel from bxtb Ibe Defcnse Attache Office and tbe (Hffice Of [he Cbic
Ailitary Equipment Delivcrs Team, Cambodia routinels risited and report+d]
the military status of Cambodian militars units as [art (f their duties bowerer_
U.S: personnel did not remain with unitz in the mnanner #hich (S adrisors did
in South Vietnam: U.S: personnel nere ertensirely briefed upon #rriral regari-
fng the Congressi nal restrictions axainst adrisers I0 the Camhoxlian militsrs
'Te Kampot incident oceurred prior to QJS" arrira im 'amldia . Shorily affer
mn; arrival in PEno Penh. received thc instrutions in effect and derermined
that ther sere adlo-mnate' I did. howerer nersena ly impr'ss UHOIL m}" nilitar;
staf on sereral mtasivns. tho Ie; to ahide scruxpulcusls w these instruction :
and to aroid situations which might Ix interrreted 9; infringements cf their
prescriled dutics_
Question 11_ In Noremhr 1974_ thc Wasli;gton Post reported a2d the De
fense Demartment acknowIcdged that data On note#tial hombing targets in
Camhodia Tas gathered br American raconnalssance digkts from Thailand and
passcdl on to Camnldian military authorities
WTen d'd this practice hegin ?
Did >ou know' about it, and did zou hare 0 rale in it?
~Io Sou consider it a violation of the Congrestional tan on American
adrisors with Khmer Republic forces ?
Answer. It- would be inconceirable to me tbat in a situalion aS exsted In
Canbodia that military information #hich we bad rould he deliberatelr #ithheld
or dcwicd to a country to which ne #ere proriding enormous nlitary and]
economic assistance. The Information C bad cncerning enem actiricies iu
Camhodia Tas a by-product Of our own intelligence collerting efiort on com -
munist forces throughont Indochina. This information Fas provided to Cam-
bodian military authorities but tle decision 01I Fhat ection, if an5, sould be
taken nS one which the (mbodians made for themselres. The proricions of
information preceded my arrival aud I an not aware erartIr Irhen the practice
m:y hare hegun: I Tas anare 0f tle practice although I did not Dlaj a pirotal
Aart in the pracess and did not considler this procednre as violating congressiona]
rest ictlons on American advisors_
Itcction 12. Did CIA personnel in Camhodia erer act as adrisers to Rmer
Repuhlic forces in 1 fasbion similar to their actirities in Los (eren if on a
smaller scale 2
Could >on tell us #hat role China Airlincs plaed in Cambodia and if It
was in an Wa, associated with CIA actirities
~Wbat WS the U.S_ role in organizin; And apilying the Khmer "Middle
Range Recounaissauce Patrols" (MERPS) *
Ansiver_ Harivg serred buth in Iaos and Carlxsdlia , and knowing tbe CI.
operations In hoth ccuntries, I can honestly saj that the CIA did nor act a:
advisers to the Khmer Republic torces iu a fashion simiiar t0 their actisiries
in Laos China Airlines, Under contract to Air America. transported Supplize: B
inelnding weapons aud Ammunition; C.S ageucies in Cambodia The Middle
Range: Reconnaiseance Iatrols rereivcai U.S Inilitatry ecuipnu Mi 9 $ Waft Of [lit
Klwner Arued Forces and also rcreived eoma intelligence collcction trlving_
assi
ing
for
==================================================
Page 80
==================================================
13-00000
~UNCLASSIFIED INTERNAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
USE ONLY
ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
SUBJECT: (Optional) The CIA and the Cult of Intelligence ,
by Victpr Marchetti and John D Marks
FROM: Robert L Skidmore EXTENSION NO_
CEA/CA
DATE 5D3102 , Hqs
1383 15 April 1977
TO: (Officer designation, room number, and DATE building) OFFICER'S COMMENTS (Number each comment to show whom
INITIALS t whom: Draw Iine Ocross column after Bach comment:)
RECEIVED FORWARDED
ACEA/ OPS
2
3
DCEA
5 _
CEA
6
SA/ DO/0
I0_
12_
13.
1
15_
Laee xazhAi383)
Sshal
Utyy
FORM 610 usebitaous SECRET CONFI DENTIAL
INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
3-62 USE ONLY
from
5/4
==================================================
Page 81
==================================================
13-00000
S EF C R F T
1 6 APR 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR: Special Assistant to DDO for External Oversight
FROM William J , Graver
Chief, East Asia Division
SUBJECT The CIA and the Cult of Intelligence,
by Victor Marchetti and John D_ Marks
REFERENCE SA/ DO/0 Memorandum , dated 8 April 1977 ,
Same Subject
East Asia Division officers have reviewed the deleted
subject book items per Reference request and conclude they
are:
1) still classified under Executive Order
11652 ,
2) still not in the public domain through
official disclosure; and
3) still not contained in material cleared
by the Publications Review Board _
13 8
William J_ "Graver
Attachment Detail Listing
WARNING Notice
E2 IMPDET
SENSITIVE INTELLIGENCE SOURCES
AND METHODS INVOLVED
CL BY 022438
S E C.R E T
==================================================
Page 82
==================================================
13-00000
S E € R E T
Attachment
F 0 11652 Exemptions for Items in
The CIA and The Cult gf Intelligence
Item Manuscript_Page No . Exemption
26 PJ 47 5 B (1) (2)
27 P 48 5 B (1) (2)
28 P . 48 5 B (1)
31 p 54 5 B (2)
38 P . 63 5 B (2) (3)
41 p . 65 5 B(2) (3)
42 P 65 a 5 B . (2) (3)
43 P 65 a 5 B (2) (3)
46 P= 70 5 B"(2)
47 P. 71 5 B (2) (3)
67 P. 92 5 B (3)
152 p - 165 5 B (1)
197 Ps 218 5 B (1)
319 p. 470 5 B (2)
320 P. 471 5 B(2)
321 P. 471 5 B (2)
S E C R*E T
==================================================
Page 83
==================================================
13-00000
1 6 APR 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR: Special Assistant to DDO for External Oversight
FROM William J _ Graver
Chief, East As ia Division
SUBJECT The CIA and the Cult % Intelligence,
by Victor Marchetti and John D . Marks
REFERENCE SA/ DO/ 0 Memorandum
9
dated 8 April 1977 ,
Same Subject
East Asia Division officers have reviewed the deleted
subject book items per Reference request and conclude they
are :
1) still classified under Executive Order
11652 ,
2) still not in the public domain through
officiel disclosure; and
3) still not contained in material cleared
by the Publications Review Board _
Tz 8 _
William J YGraver
Attachment Detail Listing
VIARHANZ wotice
SenSitive InTeLLigence SOURCES E2 IMPDET
ANd METHODS INvOLved
CL BY 022438
S E C R F T
==================================================
Page 84
==================================================
13-00000
Attachment
E 0. 11652 Exemptions for Items in
The GIA and The Cult %f Intelligence
Item Manuscript_Page No . Exewption
26 P 47 5B (1) (2)
27 Pe 48 5 B(1) (2)
28 P: 48 5 B (1)
31 Pe 5.4 5 B(2)
38 P. 63 5 B (2) (3)
41 p. 65 5 B (2) (3)
42 P: 65 & 5 B . (2) (3)
43 P 65 & 5 B (2) (3)
46 P_ 70 5 B (2)
47 P. 71 5B (2) (3)
6 7 P . 92 5 B (3)
152 P= 165 5 B (1)
197 P 218 5 B (1)
319 P 470 5] B (2)
320 Pe 471 5B (2)
321 P. 471 5 B (2)
S E C R*E T
==================================================
Page 85
==================================================
13-00000
D/o?.268
2 8 APR 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR : Mr John Greaney
Office of General Counsel
FROM William W _ Wel1s
Deputy Director for Operations
SUBJECT Review of the 168 Deleted Items in
"CIA and the Cult of Intelligence"
by Victor Marchetti and John D Marks
In reply to your oral request attached is
the report of the review of the
deieted
items which
are the responsibility of the DDO Appropriate
components of the DDO reviewed their respective
items for classification and their findings are
contained in the attached report _ Specific classi-
fication and exemption.authority for each item
which is still classified is available if needed ,
in each component' s response filed with SA/DO/0
William W: Wa.Is
William W . We lls
Distribution:
& L OGC
2 DDO
2 SA/DO/0
E2 IMPDET
CL BY 018630
SECEET
Orig
==================================================
Page 86
==================================================
13-00000
E5 :
27 April 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR: Deputy Director for Operations
VIA Mr _ Ralph J_ Katrosh
Special Assistant to the DDO
for External Oversight
FROM Samuel Halpern
SUBJECT Review of 168 Deleted Items in
"CIA and the Cult of Intelligence"
by Victor Marchetti and John D Marks
(U) 1 This is the report of the review done by
the appropriate DDO components of those deleted items
which are the basic responsibility of the DDO_ The
remaining deleted items which are the basic responsi-
bility of the DDSGT and DDA were reviewed by those
Directorates which are reporting directly to OGC _
Responsible components did the necessary inter- and
intraagency coordinations
(U) 2 . Several points need to be highlighted
conce rning the completeness of the review especially
as regards those items declassified
by "officiai
public disclosure" as defined. by the courts While I
am sure that as diligent a search as
possible
was done
by the DDO components , a thorough and" absolutely
complete search is impossible for the following reasons :
(U) a There is no index of any kind,
let alone having the material in machine form
such as in the RSM, to the fifteen published
hearings and reports of the Senate Select
Committee' to Study Governmental Operations With
Respect to Intelligence Activities (Church
Committee) the s ix published hearings and
proceedings of the House Select Committee on
Intelligence (Pike Committee) or the one vo lume
Report to the President by the Commission on
CIA Activities Within the United States
(Rockefeller Commission)
E2 IMPDET
SEGEET CL BY 018630
DD/072-2e52/
==================================================
Page 87
==================================================
13-00000
82 ]
(U) b There is no
comprehensive readily
available record of precisely what information
has been declassified and released in accordance
with the Freedom of Information Act. and the
Privacy Act; there are separate collections
with a limited capability to retrieve some such
information;
(U) C There is no available record of
the information that officials of the Executive
Branch of government with authority to
declassify information, have said or written
in public either before Congressional
comittees
)
TV talk shows radio talk shows ,
college symposiums_ the general lecture
circuit, other
pubiic
forums etc_
In view of the above it is impossible to guarantee
that those items which are still classified by the
DDO components have not been deliberately or
inadvertently declassified in whole or in part as
"official public disclosure _ 11
(U) 3 . Bearing in mind the above attachment A
lists those items of the DDO deleted items which have'
been declassified by "official public disclosure
These thirteen complete and parts of four other items
can therefore be released from the court injunction .
(S) 4 Attachment B (seven parts) contains
eleven deleted items (seven subjects) which are still
classified but about which there may be some possible
question. These are highlighted here S0 that
cognizance can be taken and final decisions ma de with:
due regard for a11 legal and policy aspects _
(U) 5 Attachment C lists a11 DDO remaining
items which the DDO components advise are still
classified under Executive- Order 11652 as amended and
cannot be released from the court injunction_
Vil L/1z2
Samuel Halpern
SECRET
==================================================
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==================================================
13-00000
ATTACHMENT A
MSS
Item No _ p no . Official Public Disclosure
3 11 Church Committee
Vol. 7 , pp . 168 , 190 7
4 12 Church Committee
Vol . 7 P 16 8
5 12 Church Committee:
Vol 7 , P. 190
9 (1ine 17 thru. ninth 14 Church Committee
word on line 24) Vol _ 7 PP . 166-170 , 190
10 (last four words of 15 Church Committee
line 1 and first 11 Vol 7 , Pp . 166-170 , 190
words of line 2 ;
and lines 5 -11)
11 15 Church Committee
Vol 7 Pp . 160 170 , 172
46 (1ine 20 thru first 70' Church Committee
three words of line Vol 7 , PP . 148 , 165, 166 , 171
24)
5 7 84 Church Committee
Book I, p . 194
89 106 Church Committee ,
Alleged Assassination Plots
Pp _ 139 ff
124 129 Rockefeller Commission Report
P 218
Church Committee
Book I
9
Pp_ 208 - 209
126 130 Rockefeller Commission Report
P 218
Church: Committee
Book I, Pp _ 208-209
127 130
Rockefelier Commission Report
p 218
Church . Committee
Book I, PP . 208- 209
SECRET
==================================================
Page 89
==================================================
13-00000
ATTACHMENT A cont 'd
MSS
Item No _ p: no. 'Official Public Disclosure
292 420 Church Committee
Vol . 7 , P . 20 5
30 7 435 Church Committee,
Alleged Assassination Plots
Pp . 139 ff_
317 468 Church Committee
Vol 7 , Pp _ 16 8 , 189 = 205
338 508 Church Committee
Vol _ 7 , Pp . 144-209
339 (1ine 1, third, 509 CIA presence has been
fourth, eighth, officially disclosed in
ninth words; and the following only:
line 2 , first
three words) a _ Congo Church Committee
report on Alleged Assassina -
tion Plots Involving Foreign
Leaders
9
PP 13-70 _
b Cambodia Amb _ John
Gunther Dean testimony before
the Special Subcommittee on
Investigations of the
Committee on International
Relations House of Representa -
tives
)
5 ,' 1976 , P. 672
C Laos Director Colby,
13 September 1974 , in an
address to the Fund for Peace
Conference on CIA and Covert
Actions and in Church
Committee Book I, PP _ 120 and
155; Book P . 6 8 .
d . Vietnam Church Committee
report on Alleged Assassination
Pp 217-224; Book I, pp 23
and 120
Philippines Church
Committee, Book I, P . 23 _
SEEZ?
May
IV ,
==================================================
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13-00000
ATTACHMENT B (1)
Item No _ 152 , 172 MSS Pp no . 46 , 48 , 165 , 189
(U) NE Division has highlighted these items :
(s) Item 22 states in part "A notable_example of such
a 'special relationship' is Iran , where. a CIA organized coup
d 'etat restored the Shah to power in 1953 _ The Shah was
understandably grateful M Item: 28 lists the Shah among
other "world leaders with whom CIA has developed special
relationships" as: does Item 152 and a similar statement is
made in Item 179_
(U) S . Cline in his book "Secrets
)
Spies and
Scholars Pp . 131-132 , states:
a covert operation S0 successful that it
became widely known a11 over the world was carried
out in Iran The Shah then very young had been
driven out of Iran by his left leaning Premier
Mohammed Mossadegh , whose support came from the
local Communist (Tudeh) Party and from the Soviet
Union _ CIA mounted a modest effort under a skillful
clandestine services officer who flew to Iran
hired enough street demonstrators to intimidate
those working for Mossadegh , instructed Iranian-
military men loyal to the Shah how to take over
the local radio station, and paved the way for the
Shah S triumphal return
(U) The Church Committee Book I, P 111, briefly
mentioned "the overthrow of Mohanmed Mossadegh in Iran
as one of CIA' s "boldest, most 'spectacular covert
operations .
(S) There is a vast difference between the classified
deleted items speaking about an active "special relationship"
with the Shah following the overthrow 0f Mossadegh and a
statement about CIA' s role in overthrowing Mossadegh _ The
former is still properly classifiable and classified.
SEBZET
22 ,. 28 ,
Ray
==================================================
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13-00000
CZ1
ATTACHMENT B (22:
Item No _ 49 MSS P . no _ 71a
(S) Reference to CIA sponsorship of the Rome
American is still classified SECRET because it describes
intelligence sources and methods a5 related to newspaper
publications _ CCS files contain a newsclip from the
September and October 1974 edition of the Columbia
Journalism Review which states "Landon K_ Thorne Jr _
) the CIA S Bross and a_ lawyer for CIA Benjamin Shute
then a_ partner in the prestigious Wali Street law firm
of Cravath, Swaine and Moore now
acknowledge that the
fourth partner [in the purchase of the Rome_Daily 'American
in 1956 ] was the CIA_ [Bross] recently called the arrange
ment atypical' of what the Agency was doing , 'a bad
example ' It is questionable whether the remarks made by
Mr _ Bross, who retired from the Agency in 1971, and Mr Shute ,
who left the Agency long before that can be considered
as
constituting officiai Agency disciosure
of this
information
SEEEZT
Daily
==================================================
Page 92
==================================================
13-00000
ATTACHMENT B (3)
Item No . 54 , 236 MSS P . no 80 , 262
(S) Reference to CIA sponsorship of Forum World
Features is still classified SECRET because Both items
describe intelligence sources and methods and identifies
operations based in England _ Forum World Features was
referred to but not by name in Book I of the Church
Committee Final Report, page 199 as follows "Another
example of the damages of fallout involved two
proprietary news services that the CIA maintained in
Europe: The larger of the two was subscribed to by
over thirty U.S_ newspapers In an effort to reduce the
problem of fallout , the CIA made a senior official at the
major U.S. dailies aware that the CIA controlled these
two press services 11 While Forum World Features was not
named in the Senate report and therefore continues to be
protected, it is possible that CIA disclosure to newspaper
11 editors may be considered as
"official public disclosure_
SECEET
==================================================
Page 93
==================================================
13-00000
ATTACHMENT B (4)
Item No _ 6 7 (lines 24 , 25) MSS P . no 92
(S) Under injunction as classified information is
"For its Tibetan operation of the early sixties , the
Agency constructed extensive support facilities in
Northeast India and brought_ large_ numbers of guerrillas
to a deserted Army _ base in CoTorado For special training
UnderTining (ine 25 ninth thru twenty-third word)
indicates the
questionable
part of the item since MSS
page 97 , lines 24 26 states "Some Tibetans were quietly
brought to the United States for special paramilitary
training at Camp Hale in the mountains of Colorado
This sentence was originally deleted then reinstated and
appears in boldface type on page 115 in the published book _
SECZET
==================================================
Page 94
==================================================
13-00000
ATTACHMENT B (5)
Item ` No . 72 MSS P 9 7
(U) NE Division has highlighted this item.
(S) The deleted item is ""The CIA quickly made contact
with the Dalai Lama_ and a close relationship was established.
Financed and advised by Agency covert operators
9
he was
(U) Harry Rositzke , in his book "The CIA' s Secret
Operations" Pp _ 173-174 states "As the Korean war was
winding down
)
the CIA began sending intelligence agents
into Tibet to assess the situation and see what could: be
done to forestall the Chinese takeover that was in the
offing- Tibetan agents equipped with radios were dispatched
by air and made contact with the Dalai Lama in Lhasa , giving
him a channel of communication with the West
"When the Dalai Lama chose to flee from: Lhasa to
avoid capture by the Chinese forces in 1959 , he was
accompanied on his flight by a CIA-trained radio operator
who was able to Washington posted on his often
hazardous progress
(S) The . classified deleted item speaks of a' CIA
"close relationship" with the Dalai Lama and his being
"financed and advised" by CIA which is quite different
from Rositzke's statement about CIA trained radio operators
being with the Dalai Lama _ These are two different
comments with the first being properly classifiable and
classified.
SECEET
keep
==================================================
Page 95
==================================================
13-00000
ATTACHMENT B (6)
Item No . 107 , 128 , 129 , 279 MSS PP . 123, 132 , 133, 40 3
(S) CCS states that a11 four items which refer to
Fairways Corporation as a CIA-owned proprietary company
are still classified since" they describe intelligence
sources and methods by identifying
an operational support
facility located in the U.S_ and are therefore exempt from
declassification under Section 5 (B) (2) of the General
Declassification Schedule contained in Executive Order 11652
(S) According: to CCS files , in April 1975 Director
Colby was asked by an NBC reporter about CIA sponsorship
of Fairways Corporation in connection with a
planned TV
documentary on Agency proprietaries CCS files are unclear
on the point , but there are indications that Director Colby
may have responded to the question in a manner which
could have been construed as admission of sponsorship of
Fairways _ In any case, CCS files contain other evidence
that the matter was considered to be still classified as
recently a5 December 1976 when Director Bush wrote to
the Administrator of the
Federal
Aviation Administration
regarding CIA sponsorship of Fairways and asked that. the
subject be withheld from public disclosure _
SECEET
==================================================
Page 96
==================================================
13-00000
3
ATTACHMENT B (7)
Item No . 339 MSS p . no . 509
(S) CIA presence in Bolivia and Brazil has not been
officially acknowledged and is still classified because
it involves sources and methods
David Phillips in his book > The Night Watch
chapter 8 , Pp 212-235 , entitled "Brazil Venezuela 1970 -
1972" describes his. presence as Chief of Station of CIA
in Brazil and on page 209 he discusses CIA in Bolivia_
(S) In regard to the declassification of CIA presence
in the "Congo (Attachment A
9
Item 339 MSS P. no
509) ,
Africa Division states "The existence of a CIA presence
in the Congo: is reported in an interim report of the Senate
Select Committee on
Intelligence dated 20 November 1975
It may be argued therefore that to agree to declassification
of the reference to the Congo would have the effect of
s ingling out the Congo in the Third World as an alleged
target of CIA operations This would have an adverse
effect on our relations with the government of Zaire _ We
believe the item should remain classified and that
1 exemption 5 (b) (3) would apply in the case of the Congo _
It is not a_ question of whether to agree or not
to declassification of reference to the Congo _ The Church
Committee report a$ cited in Attachment A has already made
"official-public disclosure" of the matter rendering the
subject moot _ In addition, as Item 339 in Attachment A
shows four other countries of the Third World are als0
mentioned thereby not singling out the Congo alone What
adverse
effect
could be expected now by another
pubiic
reference to CIA presence in the .Congo as of the original
1974 publication date of the Marchetti/Marks book is
difficult to comprehend Since the government of Zaire has
not changed since the 1975 release of the information by
the Church Committee , it would seem that whatever adverse
effects there might be have already occurred.
SEGHET
==================================================
Page 97
==================================================
13-00000
ATTACHMENT
ITEMS STILL CLASSIFIED IN MARCHETTI MANUSCR IPT
Item No _ MSS ps no _ Item No . MSS P no .
1 11 63 86
9 (lines 14-16; 14 6 7 92
line 24 last 72 9
two words 73 9 7
thru line. 29) 74 98
79 100
10 (1ine 15 107 123
first
1'
128 132
line 2, last 129 133
words thru 130 133
line *4) 148 155
149 156
18 42 152 165
19 43 159 181
20 44 160 182
2 45 161 183
2
2
46 162 184
23 182 196
24
46
194 215
26 47 195 216
27 4 8 196 217.
28 48 197 218
29 49 198 219
31 54 201 222
34 59 224 252
38 63 225 253
41 6'5 226 257
42 6 5a 234 262
43 6 5a 236 262
46 (1ine 24 70 256 329
fourth word 261 334
thru line 31) 273 380
47 71 278 400
48 7la 279 403
49 7la 2 80 404
5 72 283 413
5
i
72 284 '413
5 77 286 414
53 78 28 7 414
54 8 28 7a 415
55 8 288 416
56 8
1
290 417
58 8 291 417
59 8 296 425
62 86 298 426
SECEET
wordshz
==================================================
Page 98
==================================================
13-00000
Item No _ MSS P no _
300 426
308 437
318 469
319 470
320 471
321 471
322 473
323 474
331 482
332 482
333 483
334 483
335 483
336 484
337 507
339 (line 1, first 509
two words and
fifth, sixth
and seventh words)
SEGZET
2
==================================================
Page 99
==================================================
13-00000
2 ? Acl 1177
MEMORANDUM FOR: Mr _ John Greaney
Office of General Counsel
FROM William W _ Wells
'Deputy Director for Operations
SUBJECT Review of the 168 Deleted Items in
"CIA and the Cult of Intelligence"
by Victor Marchetti and John D Marks
In reply to Your oral request attached is
the. report of the review of the
deleted
items which
are the responsibility of the DDO Appropriate
components of the DDO reviewed their respective
items for classification and their findings are
contained in the attached report _ Specific classi-
fication and exemption authority for each item
which is still classified is available if needed ,
in each component' s response filed with SA/DO/O _
William W . Wells
Distribution:
Orig 8 l OGC
2 DDO
2 SA/DO/0
E2 IMPDET
CL BY . 018630
SECEET
==================================================
Page 100
==================================================
13-00000
C:
27 ` April 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR: Deputy Director for Operations
VIA Mr _ Ralph J, Katrosh
Special Assistant to the DDO
for External Oversight
FROM Samuel Halpern
SUBJECT Review of 168 Deleted Items in
"CIA and the Cult of Intelligence"
by Victor Marchetti and John D Marks
(U) 1 This is the report of the review done by
the appropriate DDO components of those deleted items
which are the basic responsibility of the DDO_ The
remaining deleted items which are the basic responsi -
bility of the DDSGT and DDA were reviewed by those
Directorates which are reporting directly to OGC .
Responsible components did the necessary inter- and
intraagency coordinations
(U) 2 . Several points need to be highlighted
concerning the completeness of the review especially
as regards those items
declassified by "official
public disclosure" as defined by: the courts While I
am sure that as diligent a search as
possible was. done
by the DDO components , a thorough and" absolutely
complete search is impossible for the following reasons:
(U) a There is no index of any kild ,
let alone having the material in machine form
such as in the RSM, to the fifteen published
hearings and reports of the Senate Select
Committee' to Study Governmental Operations With
Respect to Intelligence Activities (Church
Committee) the six published hearings and
proceedings of the House Select Committee on
Intelligence (Pike Committee) or the one volume
Report to the President by the Commission on
CIA Activities Within the United States
(Rockefeller Commission) ;
E2 IMPDET
SEGZET CL BY 018630
==================================================
Page 101
==================================================
13-00000
SEE 7
(U) b _ There is no
comprehensive readily
available record of precisely what information
has been declassified and released in accordance
with the Freedom of Information Act and the
Privacy Act; there are separate collections
with a limited capability to retrieve some such
information;
(U) C There is no available record of
the information that officials of the Executive
Branch of government; with authority to
declassify information, have said or written
in public either before Congressional
committees TV talk shows radio talk shows
9 college symposiums the general lecture
circuit, other
pubiic
forums etc
In view' 0f the above it is impossible to guarantee
that those items which are still classified by the
DDO components have not been deliberately or
inadvertently declassified in whole or in part as
"official public disclosure
(U) 3 . Bearing in' mind the above attachment A
lists those items of the DDO deleted items which have
been declassified by "official public disclosure
These thirteen complete and parts of four other items
can therefore be released from the court injunction_
(S) 4 Attachment- B (seven parts) contains
eleven deleted items (seven subjects) which are still
classified but about which there may be s ome possible
question _ These are highlighted here 50 that
cognizance can be taken and final decisions made with
due regard for a11 legal and policy aspects .
(U) 5 _ Attachment C lists a11 DDO remaining
items which the DDO components advise are still
classified under Executive Order 11652 as amended and
cannot; be released from the court injunction_
Zl Lu_ 2
Samuel Halpern
SECRET
==================================================
Page 102
==================================================
13-00000
ATTACHMENT- A
MSS
Item_No: p= no Official_ Public Disclosure
3 11 Church Committee
Vol _ 7 , Pp . 168 , 190
12 Church Committee
Vol 7 , p . 168
5 12 Church Committee
Vol. 7 , P. 190
9 (1ine 17 thru ninth 14 Church Committee
word on line 24) Vol 7 , Pp . 166-170 , 190
10 (last four words of 15 Church Committee
line 1 and first 11 Vol _ 7 Pp . 166-170 , 190
words of line 2 ;
and lines 5- 11)
11 15 Church Committee
Vol. 7 , Pp . 160 , 170 , 172
46 (line 20 thru first 70 Church Committee
three words of line Vol 7 , PP . 148 , 165 , 166 , 171
24)
57 84 Church Committee
Book p_ 194
89 106 Church Committee ,
Alleged Assassination Plots
Pp . 139 ff_
124 129 Rockefeller Commission Report
p . 218
Church Committee
Book I, PP . 208- 209
126 130 Rockefeller Commission Report
p 218
Church-Committee
Book I, Pp . 208-209
127 130 Rockefeller Commission Report
p . 218
Church Committee
Book I, Pp . 208 - 209
SEBIET
I ,
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ATTACHMENT A cont 'd
MSS
Item No p: no_ Official_ Public Disclosure
292 420 Church Committee
Vol : 7 , P , 205
307 435 Church Committee ,
Alleged Assassination Plots
pp 139 ff_
317 468 Church Committee
Vol pp . 168 , 189 , 205
338 50 8 Church Committee
Vol 7 , Pp . 144-209
339 (1ine 1, third 509 CIA presence has been
fourth, eighth, officially disclosed in
ninth words; and the following ' only:
line 2 , #first
three words) a Congo Church Committee
report on Alleged Assassina-
tion Plots Involving Foreign
Leaders Pp = 13-70 _
b Cambodia Amb John
Gunther Dean testimony before
the Special Subcommittee on
Investigations of the
Committee on International
Relations House of Representa-
tives, 5 , 1976 , P. 672
C Laos Director Colby ,
13 September 1974 , in an
address to the Fund for Peace
Conference on CIA and Covert
Actions and in Church
Committee Book I, pp _ 120 and
155; Book P . 68_
d _ Vietnam Church Committee
report on Alleged Assassination
Pp : 217-224; Book I, Pp . 23
and 120
e Philippines Church
Committee, Book P . 23_
SETE?
7 ,
May
IV ,
I,
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ATTACHMENT B (1)
Item No . 22 , 28 , 152 , 172 MSS Pp . no 48 , 165 , 189
(U) NE Division has highlighted these items
(S) Item 22 states in part "A notable example of such
a special relationship is Iran
)
where a CIA or ganized coup
d' etat restored the Shah to power in 1953: The Shah was
understandably grateful Item 28 lists the Shah among
other "world leaders with whom CIA has 'developed special
relationships" as does Item 152 .and a similar statement is
made in Item 179
(U) S. Cline in his book "Secrets , Spies and
Scholars , PP . 131-132 , states::
a covert operation S0 successful that it
became widely known al1 over the world was carried
out in Iran _ The Shah then very young had been
driven out of Iran by his left-leaning Premier
Mohammed Mossadegh , whose support came from the
local Communist (Tudeh) Party and from the Soviet
Union _ CIA mounted a modest effort under a skillful
clandestine services. 0fficer who flew to Iran,
hired enough street denonstrators to intimidate
those working for Mossadegh instructed Iranian
military men loyal to the ' Shah how to take over
the local radio station, - and paved the way for the
Shah S triumphal return
(U) The Church Committee , Book I, P=
111,briefly
mentioned "the overthrow of Mohammed Mossadegh in Iran"
as one of CIA' s "boldest, most spectacular covert
operations
(S) There is a vast difference between the classified
deleted items speaking about an active "special relationship"
with the Shah following the overthrow of" Mossadegh and a_
statement about CIA S role in overthrowing Mossadegh, The
former is still properly classifiable and classified.
SESZET
46 ,
Ray
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SZEET
ATTACHMENT B (2)
Item No . 49' MSS P' no _ 7la
(S) Re ference to CIA sponsorship of the Rome Daily
American is still classified SECRET because it describes
inte ITigence sources and methods a5 related to newspaper
publications CCS files contain a newsclip from the
September and October 1974 edition of the Columbia
Journalism Review which states "Landon K_ Thorne Jr _
9 the CIA S Bross and a lawyer for CIA Benjamin Shute
then a
partner?in
the prestigious
Wali
Street law firm
of Cravath Swaine and Moore now
acknowledge that the
fourth partner [in the purchase of the' Rome' Daily American
in 1956 ] was the CIA [Bross] recently called the a rrange
ment atypical of what the Agency was doing , "a bad:
example It is questionable whether the remarks made by
Mr . Bross, who retired from the Agency in 1971 and Mr _ Shute ,
who left the. Agency.long before that can be considered
as constituting officiai Agency disciosure
of this
information _
SEEEET
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ATTACHMENT B (3)
Item No . 236 MSS p . no 80 , 262
(S) Reference to CIA sponsorship of Forum World
Features is still classified SECRET because both items
describe 'intelligence sources and methods and identifies
operations based in England. Forum World Features was
referred to but not by name in Book I of the Church
Committee Final Report
9
page 199 a5 follows : "Another
example of the damages of fallout' involved two
proprietary news services that the CIA maintained in
Europe The larger of the two_ was subscribed to by
over thirty U.$_ newspapers In an effort to reduce the
problem of fallout, the CIA made a senior official at the
major U.S. dailies aware that the CIA controlled these
two press services _ Mi While' Forum World Features was not
naned in the Senate report and therefore continues to be
protected, it is possible that CIA disclosure to newspaper
editors may be considered as "official public disclosure _ "
SECEZT
Oct
54 ,
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ATTACHMENT B (4)
Item No . 6 7 (1ines 25) MSS p . no 92
(S) Under injunction as classified information is
"For its Tibetan operation of the early sixties the
Agency constructed extensive support facilities in
Northeast India and brought large_ numbers of_guerrillas
to a deserted Army_ base in CoTorado for special training
UnderTining ine 25 ninth thru twenty-third word)
indicates the
questionable part. of
the item since MSS
page 97 lines 24 -26 states "Some Tibetans were quietly
brought to the United States for special paramilitary
training at Camp Hale in the mountains of Colorado
This sentence was originally deleted then reinstated and
appears in boldface type on page 115 in the published book _
SECZET
24 ,
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ATTACHMENT B (5)
Item No . 72 MSS P . 97
(U) NE Division has highlighted this item_
(S) The deleted item is "The CIA quickly made contact
with the Dalai Lama and a close relationship. was established.
Financed and advised by Agency covert operators , he was
(U) Harry Rositzke_
)
in his book "The CIA S Secret
Operations" Pp 173-174 = states the Korean war was
winding down
)
the CIA began sending intelligence agents
into Tibet to assess the situation and see what could be
done to forestall the Chinese takeover that was in the
offing_ Tibetan agents equipped with radios were dispatched
by air and made contact with the Dalai Lama in Lhasa
)
giving
him a channel: of communication with the West
"When the Dalai Lama chose to flee from Lhasa to
avoid capture by the Chinese forces in' 1959 _ he was
accompanied on his flight by a CIA-trained radio operator
who was able to Washington posted on his often
hazardous progress
(S) The classified deleted item speaks of a CIA
"close relationship" with the Dalai Lana and his being
"financed and advised" by CIA which is quite different
from Rositzke ' s statement about CIA trained radio operators
being with the Dalai Lama . These are two different
comments with the first be properly classifiable and
classified.
SECZZ:
"As
keep
ing
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SEEZ?
ATTACHMENT B (6)
Item No . 107 , 128 , 129 279 MSS pp . 123 , 132 403
(S) CCS states that a11 four items which refer to
Fairways Corporation as a CIA-owned proprietary company
are s.till classified since they describe intelligence
sources and methods identifying an operational support
facility located in the U: S _ and are therefore exempt from
declassification under Section 5 (B) (2) of the General
Declassification Schedule contained in Executive Order 11652 .
(S) According to CCS files, in April 1975 Director
Colby: was asked by an NBC reporter about CIA sponsorship
of Fairways Corporation in connection with a planned TV
documentary on Agency 'proprietaries _ CCS files are unclear
on the point but there are indications that Director Colby
may have responded to the question in a manner which
could have been construed as admission of sponsorship of
Fairways _ In any case, CCS files contain other evidence
that the matter was considered to be still classified as
recently as December 1976 when Director Bush wrote to
the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration
regarding CIA sponsorship of Fairways and asked that the
subject be withheld from public disclosure_
SECEET
133,.
by
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3
ATTACHMENT B (7)
Item No _ 339 MSS P . no 509
(S) CIA presence in Bolivia and Brazii has not been
officially acknowledged and is still classified because
it involves sources and methods
David Phillips in his book The_Night Watch
chapter 8 Pp 212-235 entitled "Brazil Venezue1a 1970 -
'1972" describes his presence as Chief of Station of CIA
in Brazil and on page 209 he discusses CIA in Bolivia_
(S) In regard to the declassification of CIA presence
in the Congo (Attachment A , Item 339 MSS P . no
Africa Division states "The existence of a CIA prese
5gence
in the Congo is reported in an interim report of the Senate
Select Committee on Intelligence dated 20 November 1975
It may be argued therefore that to agree to declassification
of the reference to the Congo. would have the effect, of
singling out the Congo in the Third World as an alleged
target of CIA operations This would have an adverse
effect on our relations with the government of Zaire - We
believe the item should remain classified and that
exemption 5 (b) (3) would apply in the case of the Congo _
It is not a question of whether to agree or not
to declassification of reference to the Congo _ The Church
Committee report as cited in Attachment A has already made
"official-public disclosure" of the matter, rendering the
subject moot _ In addition, as Item 339 in Attachment A
shows four other countries of the Third World are also
mentioned thereby not singling out the Congo alone What
adverse effect could
be expected now by another lic
reference to CIA presence in the Congo as of the original
1974 publication date of the Marchetti/Marks book, is
difficult to comprehend_ Since the government of Zaire has
not changed since the 1975 release of the information by
the Church Committee , it would seem that whatever adverse
effects there might be have already occurred _
SECHET
pub
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ATTACHMENT C
ITEMS STILL CLASSIFIED IN MARCHETTI MANUSCRIPT
Item No MSS p: no Item No . MSS P no
11 63 86
9 (1ines 14-16; 14 6 7 92
line 24 last 72 9 7
two words 73 9 7
thru line 29) 74 9 8
79 100
10 (line 1, 15 107 12.3
first 7 words 128 132
line 2 last 2 129 133
words thru 130 133
line 4) 148 155
149 156
18 4,2 152 165.
19 43 159 181
20 44 160 182
21 45 161 183
22 46 162 184
23 4_ 182 196
24 4
{
194 215
2 195 216
2
6
4 8 196 217
2 8 4 8 197 218
29 49 198 219
31 54 201 222
34 59 224 252
38 63 225 253
41_ 65 226 257
42 6 5a 234 262
43 6 5a 236 262
46 (line 24 = 70 256 329
fourth word 261 334
thru line 31) 273 380
47 71 278 400
4 8 7la 279 403
49 7la 280 404
50 72 283 413
5 72 284 413
5
2
77 286 414
53 78 28 7 414
54 8 287a 415
55 8
;
288 416
56 8 290 417
58 84 291 417
59 8 5 296 425
62 86 298 426
SECEET
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Item No MSS p: no .
300 426
308 437
318 469
319 470
320 471
321 471
322 473
323 474
331 482
332 482
333 483
334 483
335 483
336 484
337 50 7
339 (line 1, first 509
two words and
fifth, sixth
and seventh words)
SECIET
2
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S E € R E T
MEMORANDUM FOR: Mr _ John K Greaney
Associate General Counsel
FROM Deputy Director for Operations
SUBJECT DDO Coordination on DDSST ' s Review of
Deletions from The CIA and the Cult
of Intelligence by Marchetti and Marks
REFERENCE DDS&T- 5193- 76/1 dated 27 1977
1 Appropriate Components of the: DDO have reviewed
the following items (deletions) listed at Tab C of referent
for coordination with the DDO and concur with the DDS & T
that they are al1 properly classified in accordance with
E.0 . 11652 and should S0 remain :
Item Manuscript_Page
25 47
159 181
160 182
161 183
162 184
163 184
164 185
205 234
208 235
209 '236
295 424
297 425
299 426
301 427
2 In Tab D of referent , the DDS&T de ferred to DDO
or 0S the decision on the classification of Item 190 , manu -
script page 214 relating to Soviet capabilities to make
intelligible the s ounds Picked up by audio devices discovered
in the code room of the Ame rican Embassy in Moscow The
appropriate DDO Component finds that this item must remain
classified SECRET s ince it relates to cryptography and is
exempt. from the General Declassification Schedule of
E2 IMPDET CL BY 018630
SEMN
S E C R E T
May
==================================================
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S E C R E T
E. 0 . 11652
9
exemption category 5B (2) .
3 _ Specific classification and exemption authority
for
each item, if needed, is available from SA/ DO/o _
Wifliam W . We lls
0/SA/DO/0 :NAShepanek:kaw (1542)
Distribution
Original & 1 Addressee
2 DDO
1 ADDO:
Ex 2
DDSGT
2 SA/DO/0
S E C R E T
Reg
==================================================
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oLbiiti
DDSGT- 5193- 76/1
2 " _iAv 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR : 'General Counsel
ATTENTION John Greaney
SUBJECT Review of Deletions from The CIA and the
Cult of Intelligence by Marchetti and Marks
1 _ The responsible and knowledgeable components af this
directorate have reviewed the' appropriate deletions from subject
book per your request - The review was made to determine whether
each deletion was still classified under EO 11652 or whether the
information in each deletion has been officially released by the
U. S . Government
2 Attached, Fab A is a list of the deleted items reviewed
by this directorate _ Tab B is a list of those items of primary
interest of this directorate A1l 0f these items remain classi-
fied; however _ portions . of one item 135 can be released: Tab C
is a list of those items which we
determined
are still classified
under EO 11652 ; however , some portions of three items can be
released _ but we recommend that a11 of the items in Tab C be
coordinated with other indicated elements Tab D is a list of
items we determined are not f concern to this directorate and
should be referred to other indicated elements Tab E is a list
of the four items mentioned above which we believe portions can
now be released The portions in red brackets remain classified
and should not be released.
3 _ Since many of the deleted items involved the National
Security Agency '(NSA), we attempted to coordinate our determina -
tions through our contacts at NSA_ We were told that any
coordination must be handled between, the NSA and CIA General
Counsel _ As a result
)
no further coordination with other ele-
ments was attempted.
4 _ This memorandum completes the DDSST 'action on the
court ordered review of the deletions from subject book _
Z.le6
ERNEST J_ ZELLMER
Associate Deputy Director
for
Science and Technology
Attachments:
As_ Stated 2.e:i.r FL DY_
Q05166
SECRET
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TAB A
DELETED ITEMS IN THE MARCHETTI MANUSCRIPT
REVIEWED BY THE DDS&T
Item Page Item Page
25 47 190 214
86 104 191 214
8 7 104 192 215
8 8 105 204 233
91 106 205 234
92 1.07 208 235
135 134 209 236
136 135 24 5 268
155 177 24 8 269
157 179 254 327
158 1.80 258 331
159 181 259 331
160 182 260 331
161 183 267 337
163 184 268 337
164 185 26 9 337
165 185 275 394
166 185 295 424
167 185 297 425
170 189 299 426
171 18 9 301 427
172 189 302 427
173 190 304 430
174 191_ 306 431
175 191 312 442
176. 19.2 313 450
177 193 324 474
178 194 325 474,
18 7 200 327 475
188 201 328 476
189 202 329, 480
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Tab B
ITEMS OF INTEREST TO THE DDS#T
AND REMAIN CLASSIFIED
Item Manuscript_Page
91 106 SECRET_
)
5B ( 2) and (3)
92 107 SECRET , SB ( 2 ) and (3)
*135 134 SECRET , 5B ( 2), and (3)
136 135 SECRET , 5B ( 2) and (3)
155 177 SECRET , 5B ( 3)
158 18 0 SECRET , 5B (2) and (3)
163 184 SECRET , 5B ( 2) and (3)
165 185 SECRET , 5B ( 3)
166 185 CONFIDENTIAL , SB ( 2)
167 185 CONF IDENTIAL , SB ( 2)
188 201 TOP SECRET SB(2)
#Can be sanitized and portions released _
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ad U
ITEMS OF INTEREST To DDSGT AND SHOULD REMA IN
CLASSIFIED BUT SHOULD BE COORDINATED WITF OTHER ELEMENTS
Item Manuscript_Page
* 25 47 DDO
* 87 104 DOD (DIA)
8 8 105 DOD (DIA)
157 179 0S
159 181 DDO , OC, ERDA
160 182 DDO , OC , ERDA
161 183 DDO, OC , ERDA
162 184 DDO , OC , ERDA
163 184 DDO
164 185 DDO
172 189 NSA
187 200 DOD (Navy)
189 202 DOD (Navy)
204 233 NSA and . DDO
205 234 DDO
208 235 DDO
209 236 DDO
245 268 DOD "(SAFSS)
248 269 DOD (SAFSS)
254 3.27 DOD (SAFSS) NSC Staff
258 331 DOD (SAFSS)
*Can be sanitized: and portions released .
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Tab C
Continued
Item Manuscript_Page
259 331 DOD (SAFSS)
260 331 DOD (SAFSS)
267 337 DOD (Navy)
26 8 337 DOD (Navy)
269 337 DOD (Navy) _
*275 394 OL
295 424 DDO
297 425 DDO
299 426 DDO , NSA
301 427 DDO , 0C , NSA
302 427 NSA
304 430 NSA
306 431 DOD (Navy)
312 442 NSA
313 450 NSA
329 480 NSC Staff
#Can be sanitized and portions released.
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Tab D
ITEMS REFERRED TO OTHER COMPONENTS
Item Manuscript_Page
8.6 104 0/DCI
170 189 NSA
171 189 NSA
173 190 NSA
174 191 NSA
175 191 NSA
176 192 NSA
177 193 NSA
178 194 NSA
190 214 DDO or 0S
191 214 State Department
192 215- State Department
324 474 DOD (JCS) and NSC Staff
325 474 DOD
327 '475 DDI and DOD
328 476 DDI , DOD and NSC Staff
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~Euibi
Tab E
ITEMS SANITIZED FOR POSSIBLE RELEASE
Item 135 Manuscript page 134
"A somewhat s imilar sale of a proprietary occurred ip[963
when CIA decided to get rid of a technical research iaboratorz}
in the Bostom .area _
Item Manuscript page_ 47
"'Over the years, the CIA closely collaborated with, the
(atignalists} first
to run guerrilla attacksagainst Jainland
China]and then in more recent Years to use
iaiwanfzs
a base
for U- 2 flights (flown over China by Nationalist pilots
trained in the United States) electronic surveillance of
the mainland and such covert action programs as propaganda_
and disinformation aimed at China' during the Cultural Revol -
ution7?
Item 87 Manuscript page_ 107
"The Agency als0 had a project to determine #here American
@risoners of war were being held in North Vietnam and to
[ommunicate with them} Scale models of the prisons we1e
constructed from aerial End satellite photography] and from
other intelligence and studies were made to learn which
had
tried
or might be willing
to try to communicate (oneooets
of the prisoners, on their Own , had earlier used their
infrequent letters t,o their families a5 a means of sending
coded messages relating where they Iere being held _ Thus ,
the. Agency worked out schemes to use return mail from the
families to send answers backi Meanwhile, the Technical.
Services Division 0f the"
Item 275 Manuscript page 394
iew optics for satellite cameras and improvements in 'over
the horizon radars These technical contracts were almost
always drawn up under the cover of being between the scholar
(or the university) and "some government a gency other than the
CIA (the Defense Department or some component thereof were
the most"
SECRET
2,5 ,
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Tab C
NEMS OF INTEREST TO DDS&T AND SHOULD REMA IN
CLASSIFIED BUT SHOULD BE COORDINATED WITH OTHER ELEMENTS
Item_ Manuscript_Page
Er C~a * 25 47 DDO
* 87 104 DOD (DIA)
88 ' 105 DOD (DIA)
157 179 0S
eisal &&<~ 159 181 DDO , OC , ERDA
16 04 182 DDO , OC , ERDA
161C 183 DDO , OC , ERDA
162 184 DDO , 0C , ERDA
163 184 DDO
164 185 DDO
172 189 NSA
187 200 DOD (Navy)
189 202 DOD (Navy)
204 233 NSA and DDO
4, 205 234 DDO
208 235 DDO
La
La
20909 236 DDO
245 268 DOD (SAFSS)
248 269 DOD (SAFSS)
254 327 DOD (SAFSS) , NSC Staff
2 58 331 DOD (SAFSS)
#Can be sanitized and portions released .
N €
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Tab
Continued
Item Manuscript_Page
259 331 DOD (SAFSS)
260 331 DOD (SAFSS)
267 337 DOD (Navy )
268. 337 DOD (Navy)
269 33.7 DOD . (Navy)
*275 394 OL
295 424 DDO
@`~a
292 425 DDO
ca -c (eulctts.
299 426 DDO, NSA
301 427 DDO , OC , NSA
AF
30 2 427 NSA
304 430 NSA
306 431 DOD (Navy ) `
312 442 NSA
313 450 NSA
329 480 NSC Staff
#Can be sanitized and' portions released _
2
E 4'
E A/Eur
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Tab D
ITEMS REFERRED To OTHER COMPONENTS
Item Manuscript_Page
86 104 0/DCI
170 189 NSA
171 189 NSA
173 190 NSA
174 191 NSA
175 191 NSA
176 192 NSA
177 193 NSA
178 194 NSA
SE 190 214 DDO or 0S
191 214 State Department
192 215 State Department
324 474 DOD '(JCS)_ and NSC Staff
325 474 DOD
327 475 DDI and DOD
328 476 DDI , DOD and NSC Staff
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Hussein and the U.S. Government became Increasingly concerned about the 2#
strong and strident propaganda voice of Radio Cairo. Both parties shared a
desire to Counter Its anti-American antI-Hussein Tine which was
notknew) _
so the CIA funded the building of a Jordanian television station. A CIA
owned, New York based proprietary company , named RTV provided the technica]
expertise and management ski}s to the station In operation.
Sti11 another example of a country:where the CIA enjoys a specta)
relationship Is National ist CHina _ On Taiwan, however, the CIA's Iink Is
not with President Chlang Kai-shek but with his son and heir apparent ,
Premier Chiang Ching-Kuo. One former CIA chief of station,= Cl ine, now the
State Department' s Director of Intel igence and Research, became sonething
Of a Iegend within the Clandestine Services because of his frequent a)1-
night drinking boutsuaith the younger Chfang.
Over the years, the CIA closely collaborated with the Nationa] Ists first
25
to run guerrilla attacks against mainland China and then in more recent
years to use Taiwan as a base for U-2 flights flow over China by Nationa] ist
pilots trained in the UnIted States) = electrontc survefllance 0f the mainland
and such covert action programs as propaganda and disinformation aimed at
China during the Cultural RevolutIon_
In South VIetaam, Anbassador ElIsworth Bunker insisted on personalIy
conducting a11 Important neetia9sewi with President Thleu; sometimes Bunker was 2
accompanied by the CIA chief when there was Agency business to be discussed . 2
But there has been another CIA officer In SaIgon Who has known Thfeu for 2
many years and who has reta ned access to the Vietnamese PresIdent.
According to a former assIstant to Ambassador Bunker, thls CIA offIcer has
2
served as conduIt between Thleu and the AmerIcan government when a Forma] 7 1
meeting Is not desfred or when Thteu wishes to float a idea_ 2
(ersohaivy Kith
Over the years, the CIA has provided Thieu persorartlsttth mt] I tons of 2
tavntazd money
dollars In untraceable black bag" funds to the_hundretot
put
Ray
Ot'
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the Information straight forwardly, thereby , handicap?ing the analysts In making
a confident judgment of the accuracy 0f the report'$ content_
Some intelligence analysts, both inside and outside the CIA, receive 8
Iarge numbers of this type 0f report every day , many of which do come from
actua] agents. But by mixing together information supplied by audio surveilance
(which Is, by definition, an accurate account 0f what was eaid) with agent
reports which are sometimes exaggerated or false, the Clandestine Services
confuses and often misleads those people within the U.S. government whose
function it Is to analyge foreign events and indirectly those Ieaders who make
decistons based on that intell igence analysis.
In.the mid-1960s, the Far East Division 0f the Clandestine Services and 159
the experts of the Scientific and Tachnical Directorate ccmbindddffoces to
carry: Out one Of the Agency' s most imaginative (if ultimately unsuccessful)
Intelligence collection operations ever undertaken. At that time, top-Ievel
U.S. government officials Were distutbed by repprts that Comunist China was on
the verge 0f developing an intercontinenta] ballistic misstle (ICBM) system_
They knew that the threat posed by Chinese ICBM S would play an important part
in the decIsion, then under consideration, to go ahead With an American anti-
ballistic misstle (ABM) deployent program_ As a matter 0f the highest
priority, the CIA was told to find out what was happening at Shuangch'engtzu, the
Chinese missile test sIte in the far western corner of Inner Mongol ia_
The Agency' $ technica) specialIsts responded by designing_ 2 nuclear-
ppwered device Which could mondtor certain electronic emissions coming from
the mlssile site, well over a thousand mfles alay , and then rely the information
to a CIA Ifstening post. The plan was to emplace the device on a mountain
peak ca led the Nanda Devt at an altitude of more than 25,000 feet, in the
Indian Hlmalayas from where It would have an unobstructed "Iine-of-sight" to
the secret test facilty. As the device was being perfected In the CIA
Inhoratories- the (landestine ServIces took on the resoonsibilItv for the most
key
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difficult pl:ase of the operation instal ing the machine on the mountain top.(/lo
The first thing that had to be done was to gain the permission of the 2
Indian government to implement the scheme, not a large problem in vtew of the
2
CIA= S close relations with the Indian intelligence service. The Indtans not 4
only agreed but, surprisingly, insisted on full participation in the project_ 5
Next, the Agency recruited a group of experienced mountain c] imbers to carry 6
the device, complete Wtth its nuclear powerpack, pp the mountain ad put it
into operation. A we] I~known Anerican mountaineer who had previously conquered
Mt_ Everest, Barry Bishop, was contacted and convinced to Iead the climb_
OveraI1 control of the operation, however, was placed in the hands 0f an expertenced
CIA case Officer_
That sumner the Agency operator along wlth the American and Indian
climbers, and a group 0f Sherpa porters Were brought together at a secret
CIA training base in the Rocky Mountains to practice as a team and.to Iearn
how to assemble the monitoring device once they got It to the top of Manda Devi_
Cover for the operation was carefully built by Ieaking information in Internationa]
mountaineering circles that a joint Anerican-Indian expedItion was planning an
ascent 0f one 0f the more difficult Himalayan peaks _ During the winter, the
technicians completed hork on the sensor device, and a few months later the
CIA chief 0f statlon in Delhi reported that all Iogistical and cover arrangements
with Indian Intelligence had been completed. The monitoring device was
clandestinely Flown to a secure staging area in northern India by a transport
plane from one 0f the Agency' $ proprietary air]ines_ Next, the c] imbers were
brought together and taken to the camp in the foothills 0f the Himalayas from
where they and the Sherpas would begin their long, difficult ascent of the Nanda
Dev1
Things went welI at first, but after the expedition passed the snow Ine , the
Indians began to,tire and becamne irascible, claiming that they were backpack
too much weight. The CIA Case Officer redistributed the Ioad by convIncIng the
Ing
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would do. Progress slowed and behind schedule, the team reached the base 16i
camp from where the final ascent to the mountain S summit would be made by
a sma ) 1 party of climbers accompanidd by a few porters _ Soon after the
group had started for the peak, one 0f the Sherpas returned to base camp to
tell the CIA man, who had rema incd behind to handle communications with the
staging area, that the Indians were causing trouble at the higher altitudes
The case officer imediately set out to reach Bishop and the summft team in
an effort to restore peace &mong the c) imbers_ The project Was now Ie?] off
schedule, and any more delays would have endangered the entire expedition
because 0f the onset of bad weather_ With some di fficulty, the Agency
operator was able to get the team moving agaIn, and it finally reached its
target near the top of the Nanda Devi Amidst how] ing winds and at temperatures
wel) below zero, the climbers assembled the monitoring device and put it into
operation_ Hith spirits high, the group returned to base camp and the news
of the successfu] installation was Eadioed back to the staging area _
But within a few short months the signals that the sensor had been
sending from the Nanda Devi stopped. The CIA dlspatched a plane to: over
the mountain and photograph the monItoring site. It was Iearned that the
device had been knocked over by a snow s]ide. When the Indian government
was informed of the development, it complained to the CIA statfon In Delhi
that the nuclear generator might be polluting the headqaters of the sacred
Ganghes River which flow out of the Himalayas _ The Indian concern was_about
religious po] lutIon, not ecological
The CIA reacted by planning another c] imbaof the mountain for the following
year_ both to 'retrieve tlle damaged equipent and implace a_ new tortng
system thts one powered by a non-nuclear generator . The cl imbing team,
Ied by Bishop, was gathered together again and thfs time it reached the
top of the mountaIn wlth comparatIvely Iittle difficulty_ The new device was
set up, but after an extensIve search, the atomic generator from the year
fly
monj
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Page-2612-:
before was not -found. Again after only a few weeks, the second sensor device /62
stopped working_ This tfme the failure was attributed to a mechanical
2
ma ] function_ 2
At this point, the Agency gave up on mountain-top monitoring of the
Communist Chinese missile program, turning to other systems and new, improved
5
satellites for acquiring the information it was seeking. The . Indians were
A&
thanked and compensated for their cooperation. Jhe Aerican c] inbers were
presented with secret medals by a grateful but disappointed
9
CIA.
The fertile imaginations of the saT experts during the following
years produced many more unique codlrction schemes aimed at solving the
mysteries 0f China'$ strategic missile program_ Most eventually proved to be
unworkable, and at Ieast one entailed a frighteningly high-risk potential _
The sf1liest of them a/1, holever, called for the creation of a sma71 one-man
airplane that could theoretically be packaged In two Iarge suitcases. In
concept, an agent along with the suitcases would somehow be 'infiltrated into
the denied area where, after perforning his espionage mission, he would
assemble the afrcraft and to safety over the nearest friendly border.
Even the chief of the Clandestine Services refused to have anything to do with
this scheme, and the projectydied on the dralving boards.
A second system was a device, long and tubular Tike a rocket, that could
be dropped by a U-2 or another aircraft near the missile test site, its fal1
slowed by a parachute s0 that the device would penetrate only two or three
feet into the ground on impact. Afterwards the system, andaerial rising from
its top, would activate itself and perform its electronic sensing tasks. Sti11
later, the device would transmit its findings to a
Tistening post, most
Mfkely a circ]- aIrcraft. The need for secret aIr penetratlon Into a
foreign and hostile power to deliver the monitoring device and additiona]
similar flights to retrieve the data collected and stored by the machine
raJced sertniig Mastions A8 t0 the svsten' & #filifv and wnrth_ The MISRT
fly
Ing deep
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spectalists_ fascinated by the technica] aspects 0f the project, seemed_ however
(J68
obl ivious of the dangers involved in secretly flying near a Chinese missfle
installatton and dropping an object In an action that could quite easily appear
to a startled radar operator as a lone bomber engaging in a surprise nuclear
attack _ Development of the Costly system was therefore, pushed ahead. The
technicians were more concerned With the fact that the test drops 0f the device
iw the southwestern U.S, desert usually resulted in the system burying itself
severa] feet below the ground surface or So jarring the delicate instrumentation
that the device failed to self-activate and function properly.
A third system was a model afrplane roughly the size 0f a large bird, 165
such as a condor, which was powered by 'a miniature nuclear engine and which
could be Iaunched from outside China and guided to the missile test site Well
over a thousand miles away, al1 the while soaring in patterns that would resemble
on the air defense radar scopes the flight .patterns 0f a large eagle. Once
over the target, the plane' 5 electronic sensors and television cameras
would be turned on to record activities below and relay the information either
to Its Iauoch site or much more ikely
a hovering &ircraft that had penetrated
Chinese airspace for this purpose: Millions of dolars Iere expended by the
CIA In research on this 11 'baby U-2" that called for nurerous breakthroughs in
3e7)
the state of the technical arts. Its chief advantage was of course, that if
and when it wias shot down there would be no pilot to confess it had been On an
Agency-sponsored spying misston_
The technica] difficulties involved in theJair-droplsysten and thelmodel 16,
atrplane device Iere too great and time consuming for either to be fully I67
developed by their inventors before improvements In intelTigence satellite
surveillance programs were achicved, thus negating the justifying requtrement
for these questionablykand potentially provocative collectlon systems before
they could be Into operation. Other clandestine col lection devices
U O a few
more sensibly contrived, most, however, of dubious value
e e
were also being
tiny
put
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Rgz+
restore the Shah to_power Overtha years,_the_Shah_had_ sholn his Iratitude by
a/lowing the Agency to use Iran as a base for electroric and radar survefllance
0f the Soviet Union. The CIA station chief in Iran usually maintained much
closer contact with the Shahthan the American ambassador. (Hith the 1973
appointment of former CIA Director Helms to the past of Aerican ambassador in
# lgncv-State conflicts_then-presumabty dtsappeared-} y
T T7 _ isaue 61+aa axn{
8y +553, the Agency had developed a new type 0f over-the-horizan radar 20s
2u7vtii 47"Savit U~y
which it wished to install tear the Soviet Yorder in Iran As was norma ly 2
the case, CIA representatives carried out most of the negotiations with the 3
Irants Howtever , when Ambassador Armin Meyer was informed 0f the details 0f 4
the proposed agreement, he raised some questions with the CIA station chief that
5^
blossomed into an Inter-agency dispute. At this point Meyer cabled the State 6
Department for Instructions and advice.
In the way 0f background , it should.be understood that CIA comunfcations
clerks handle nearly a)1 classified cables between American embassies OVerseas 4
and Hashington
39
for both the CIA and the State Department. To have a separate ic
code room for each agency in every embassy would be 3 wasteful procedure, So a
senior CIA communications expert Is regularly assigned to the administrative
part of the State Department in order to oversee CIA S communicators who work 12
under State cover. In theory, CIA code clerks are not supposed to read the 14
messages they send for State, but any code clerk Who wants to have a successful 15
career quickly real ized that his promotions depend on the CIA and that he is 16
welI advised to show the CIA station chief cppies of al1 important State 17
messages . The State Department ag0 Implicitly recognized that Its most 1 8
secret cables are not secure from CIA inspection by setting up special 19
communications channels which sppposedly cannot be deciphered by the CIA, Zc
@hek, In 1968,Ambassador Meyer ran Into troubles with the CIA station chief 2
Aeeut
elnnel (Rnz) DexbHa
D
In Teheran, Meyer switched his comunications with Statefin Washington , &0 0ne 0 2
those "socuro"_channels,eatted ~{pger -"
He needed to be able to discuss the 2
y
1ong
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8aye 8
Situation In private with his superlors. But Bob and his cohorts at FI/D were
one step ahead of Anbassador Meyer They had figured. out a way to intercept 2
his cables and the repl ies he received from WashIngton_ So shortly after each 3
State message was sent, Bob would appear in the' CIA executive suite wIth a copy
of the message for the persona] inspection of the Director. Hritten On top of
4
each mntercepted cable was a warning that the contents 0f the cable should be 6
kept especially confident because State was unaware that the CIA had a copy . 7
Despite Agency knowledge of all of Meyer's instructions and information,
Meyer and State' $ director 0f Iranian Affairs in Hashington refused to yield 4
to Agency pressure for a quick settleent. Even after these two men met at
CIA headquarters with the Deputy Director 0f CIA, Vice Admiral Rufus Taylor,
they still insisted that the Agency' $ plans for the new Installation were
unacceptable to the U.S. government as a whole. CIA Director Helms was SO
aggravated by" 'this continued resistance thab he personally telephoned Secretary
0f State Rusk to settle the matter. Rusk promptly ended the dispute by agreeing
campletely to the CIA position.
Bob was also involved In another series of events which started when FI/D
worked out a Iiaison arrangement with the codebreaking service of a certain
South AnerIcan government. This arrangement was ostensibly for the purpose of
a]lowing the CIA and the other country to cooperate in decodIng messages sent
by third countries. However_ FI/D tood advantage of the Iaison to {ntercppt
the secret colunications 0f the host South American government. Such arrangenents
were normaI|procedure to Bob. The intensely dedicated Iaw and order advocate saw
nothing wrong in practicing this sort 0f duplicity o an a/lijed government 1hich
cooperated in good faIth.
FILD' s Iiaison with the South American country continued for a Iong perlod
of time until relations between the United States and that nation soured over
unrelated Issues and as a result FI/D was forced to break 0ff the relationshtp_
However, FI/D did not give up hope that the previous work arrangements could
Q ~eivel 7
ing
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7uye3
Sametime Iater, Bbb suggested to an Officer in the CIA" S executive sufte
that the Agency should help the South American country obtain a channel in the 2
international sate lite communications network, Comsat. Always the secretive 3
operator Bob did not explain why the Agency should do this, and the other 4
CIA man repl ied that CIA, afterall, was not the American foreign aid program; and 5
kether Or not this particular country received a Comsat channel did not seem to
be a matter concer: CIA. Only Iater did the executive suite officer Iearn
from' other sources that FI/D had worked out a dea] with the South American
country in which Iiaison would be restored in return for a ` Comsat channel (1hich
CIA would intercept) But Bob could not bring himself to share his scheme a0en
with a fellow Agency employee in the Director' s office.
Eventually, the South Anerican country received the Comsat channel ; the
country restored Iiaison with FI/D; and CIA again had access to a11 of that t5
country' s secret messages. 14
Bob 's job with FI/D is by no means one Of the dirtiest jobs in 'the 1S
Clandestine Services. There are Operators in the paramilitary fields who 16
probably conceive and carry out more distasteful machinations. But Bob is In
a position where, on a regular basis, he Inisrepresents himself and even Iles
within the U,S. government not to mention the deceit he and his colleagues
perpetrate 0 friendly foreign governments which In good faith enter into zc
Iiadson agreements with FI/D . 21
Bob X Is one 0f those dodinary Iooking people who mow their Iawn, Iove: 22
their wives, and do soe very nasty things for the CIA. 23
Txo
Fowl other devoted family men who Iived in suburban Washington homes 2<
similar to Bob X' s are named James McCord and @ Koward Hunt. Both had Iong, 2 ,
relatively successfu] careers with the CIA and rose to roughly the same upper- 2
middle Ievel of the bureaucracy as Bob X has . McCord Was a CIA security 2'
officer , speclal izing In protecting the Agency's physIcal facilIties. Hlunt 21
Wa & an Oneratar wha nlaved a Ieadina role in the Bav of Pias and who took part 26
ing
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Agency had become` involved in a chain of events which forced
Jt to intervena militarily in a second country to pratect it8
operation against Cuba. The. Presi:lent may have set the original
policy, but there wag no way he could hava known that Bimply
by approving an attack on Cuba, he would set in traln Agency
paramllitary activities against Gua tanala.
CIA operations can have another unforseen effect on Amer-
ican foreign policye Fhey
can Subject the country to blacknail
if something goeb wrong. Por instance , after th GI4 jpilot waa
Bhot dow &nd captured by Indonesia In 1958, within rfve days
the US governnent approved the sale for local Clrrency cf 37,Ooo
tons of American rice and lifted an embargo on $l million: in
Bmall 2rw8 end other military equipment, Considering at tlat
moment, thc JIA Pzs actively backing-&n erned revolution againet
the Sukarno regine hebe would have been strarge actions indeed
for the US govertiment to take 1f it Wece not extremely concerned
about saving the captured pilot.
A Bome wat Similar incident occured in Singapore in 1960
after a CIA lie detector expert #as flown specially into the city
to make buro that a locally recruited egent was trustwor Why.
When the Agency technician plugged L: his polygreph nachine in
a hotel roCw, ho blew out al1 the fubes in tne buildicg.# "He
#Thia was not the only time that the CIA blew najor Xinjs Jvex-
8928.
During the mid-1960s, the Ageney edded to iL6 7llrBrU-
facilities on 'Taiwan by building 8 hefe electruric
2 74
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13-00000
lie detector man, a CIA case officer; and the local egent were
soon . al1 under arreste The Singapore governzent and the British,
who were in the proce8s Of granting Singapore its indepandence ,
were both quite dlsturbed bythe indident. Negotiations then
ensued to securo the men'9 releage . According to Sirigaporo
Prime Minister Lee Kuen Xew, the US governnent 0ffereds3.3 mil-
lion to get them outa Lee claimed that Re wanted ten tines 23
much and consequently took nothinga In any case, the two CIA
officials were Subsequently freed, the newly installed Secretary
of State, Dean Rusk, wrote a Becret letter 0f apology:to the
Singepore leader, In 1965, Lee mentiored tbe affair in 8 speech
as an example of the tyre 0f activities engaged in bythe CIA.
The State Department then is8ued a routine denial furnished by
the CIA--State'8 pre8s office not realizinz thc truth of Lee'8
charges. Lee rcacted by publicly producing Rusk'8 letter 0f 4-
pologY , and State wes forced to retract its 'originel staterent,
although it still naintained that no ranson had ever been offered,
Yx
As well a3
embarragsing the US governnent &nd making headlines
around thc morld, the incident caused the State Department to
revamp it8 internal system for waking 2nnouncements about in-
telligence mattero ,
Blacknail was agin the thene in the ric-19608 when the 296
Pesident of Cyprus Archbishop Makario8, quietly informed the
installation for Durveillance 0f the Chinese mainland . When the
device wa8)' tured on for the first time _ it knocked out a large
part 0f the island 8 power, In thi8 case , the Iocal goverrment
reacted In 4 much more' frlendly nanner than did Singapore- 8,
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13-00000
US Kove: :# nt that he might oust certain intelligence instal- 298
laticns from his island. Ehe CIA had a major interest in tke
metter, 8 it operated a
Foreign Broadcast Information Ser-
vice FBIS! ligtening pogt there , and the Pentagon #a8_ also con-
cerned abcut tke posgible loss of its large electronic 8urveil-
lance facilities, The view in the intelligence cormunitv wa8
that Makarios had to be [ollified at practically 2ll costS .
Finally, governnent negotiators reached a secret deal with the
W ily old archbishop, and Je received a speclal paynent of about
#10 nillion in return for letting the bases remain. The CIA
ft
put up half of the money, using tne Dlrector'8 Contingercy Rund
for thi8 wcforseen expense
In goneral, the presence O2 American intelligence facili-
ties in a
foreign courtry can have an important; effect on Amer~
ican policy tovard that coutry , especially in the @gird #orlde
Clogely aligned countries, such as England , %erngry , Japan, 8295
and Australia, have usually allowed the Unived states to 5e +
up electronic Bpying bases 3s Qart of the general franepork of
cooperation be tween allie8 _ But to the legs developed countric8,
the presence of an Ame;can installation i8 both a threat and
an opportunity . The threat coie8 fror donestic opposition for
ces who look on the base 88 an example of "neo-coloni:lisa"
and use it 83 & "oapon against those in power The opportunity
arise8 out of the fact that t}ee United States will pay dcarly
for the right to install it8 caveadroppong equipnent--erd to
keep it in Dlaco, 88 /Archbishop Makarios) discovered, 360
13
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'The only American nilitary beses in Africa are in fact pri- 3o
marily intelligence facilities. These are Kagnew in Ethiopia_
o.nd Keni cra in Morocco Both host governmerts Kave been geverely
criticized by intertal forces and neizhborinz countries for
giving the United States 2 foothold in their nations, but both
have been handsomely rewarded in terg of recefving American
military and economic as8iatance which had dded Wp over the
years into the hundreds 0f million8 0f dollars . While conpara-
tively modest mounts 0f aid mouli jeve probably been ~Supplled,
even if there had been no bases, the large gize 0f te programs
reprebented , in effect, a direct payment for the intellicence
facilities.
Similarly, fron 1956 until theend of 1969,
the US Air force
oparated a huge bage near Pechawar in Pakistan, mhich Y/g3 pri-
narily an
intalligence facility. Zor several years before Prancis
Gary Polvers abortive flight over the Sovie% Union in 1960,
CIA IJ-2 pleneg used Pe shawar 88 a princlpal take-off point for
reconnaissance flizghts over and alonz the edzes 3f the. Soviet.
Uniion, In addition, @ilitary intelligerce set Up 2 vest array 702
of electronic listening devices there to monitor actiyities
within the Soviet Uniona From the early days 01 the Fisenhowar
administretion, thz Inited States had .allied itcelf more
closely
with Pakistan than with India in those two countries: tradttional
struzcle . Yct, at least some experts or the region believe
that n inportant factor in the American "tilt" toward Fakistan,
at leagt until the late 19608, i28 the desire to hold on to the
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13-00000
penetration, Ihlle clearly fortuitous,
are not unique In clandestine operations.
In 1964, It was Icarned that the American embassy In Moscow had been thoroughly
bugged by the KGB_ Scores 0f Soviet audto devices were found throughout the 3
buiiding. Counterespionage and security special ists determined that the 4
equipent had been installed in 1952 when the ebassy had been renovated, and
that the bugs had been operational for roughly twelve years_ The damge report
asserted that during this entire partod
5e
at the height 0f the cold Iar
Sovlet intelligence had probably intercepted every diplomatic cable between
Washington and the embassy TThis assessment was based on the discovery of _Qel
audio devices in the code room which KUL a] owed the Soviets to hear
distinctly the sounds being maded by the typewriters and cryptographic equipent.
It Ivas a reasonably easy technologica] feat wel1 within Soviet capabilities
to 'translate such sounds into their true alphabetica] meaning_
Anerican suspicions about the Soviet eavesdropping were apparently aroused
early in 1964 when Soviet Ieader Khrusbchev made 2 renark to Ambassador
Kohler about Kbbler's role in bbocking the shipment to the Soviet Union of
stee) for an important pbpeline. Taken in context, Khrushchev 5 remark indicated
to Kohler that there was a Ieak somewhere in American security_ Kohler started
a massive investigation, and within a month or t1o, forty-odd bugs were found
embedded in walls throughout the embassy . AI though Kohler would Iater claim
there wa $ no connection betieen the discovery of the bugs and the Investigation
he ordered after his conversation with Khrushchev
9
the timing would seen to
indicate otherwise.
Un any case, the official damage report concluded that for those twelve_ 191
crucial years at the height of the Cold Har the Soviets almost certainly knew 2
every diplomatic secret which was communicated betieen the AmerIcan embassy in
Moscow and Washington, The damage report noted, holvever _ that this Soviet
knowledge may wel) have worked to the advantage of the United States at Ieast 2
In one Instance In 1953 when the Korean Har armistice was be negottated_ At
the tlme, U.S. bargaining position with the ilorth Koreans was that If a particular
f+Fro
Ing
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SECRET
DDA 77- 2412
2 8 APR 1977
MMORANDU FOR: Mr _ Halpern
FROM: H. G. Bean
Acting Executive Officer/DDA
SUBJECT: Fairways Corporation
REFERENCE : Attached memorandu fro Central Cover Staff
1. With reference to paragraph 4 in the attached memorandu
from Mr . Latta, to the very best of our knowledge the CIA sponsorship
of the Fairways Corporation has not been officially placed in the
public domain:. There has been at least one newspaper article relating
to Fairways ad, in addition, at least one short television news
item" on the same subject. However official confirmation of the
allegations of a
relationship which was made in these media presentations
has been carefully avoided.
2 There has been official acknowledgement f the fact that
CIA' s Office of TTraining runs
a proprietary to provide executive
transportation: Such a statement appeared in the report of the
Senate Select Comittee on Intelligence Activities. However here
again. there has been no
ackowledgement that such
an entity was
identical with or related to the Fairways Corporation_
3_ The DDA concurs with the position of CCS as expressed in
paragraph 2 Of Mr _ Latta' s memorandum _
H. Bean
Attachment
CC: CCS
SECRET
335 ) [Y_C4*229
==================================================
Page 140
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13-00000
SECRET dn
77-2340
21 April 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR: Executive Officer to the DDA
FROM M. L. Latta
Deputy Chief , Plans and Review Group
Central Cover Staff
SUBJECT Fairways Corporation
1 Per our
telephone conversation today_ attorneys
for Victor Marchetti have requested release
o1
the 168
items previously deleted by court order from the book,
The CIA and the Cult of Intelligence Fairways Corpora -
tion was referred to CCS by the SATDO/ 0 for review in
this connection:
2 _ Fairways Corporation is the subject of four items
(107 128 129 , 279 ; on pages 123, 132 133, and 403 respec - tiveiy,) in
the original manuscript- fhe position
of CCS on
a11 four items is that they are still classified, since they
describe intelligence sources and methods by identifying an
operational support facility located in the U.S_ and are
therefore exempt from declassification
under Section
5 (B) (2)
of the General Declassification Schedule contained in Executive
Order 11652
3. According to CCS files
>
in April 1975 Director Colby
was asked by an NBC reporter about CIA sponsorship of Fair-
ways in connection with a planned TV documentary on Agency
proprietaries _ CCS files are unclear on the point , but there
are indications that Director Colby may have responded to
the question in a manner which could have been construed as
admission of CIA sponsorship of Fairways _ In any case CCS
files contain other evidence that the matter was
considered
to be still classified as recently as December 1976 when
Director Bush wrote to the Administrator of the Federal
Aviation Administration regarding CIA sponsorship of Fair-
ways and asked that the subject be withheld fron public
disclosure
E2 IMPDET
CL BY 026089
WYsSning NuTicE:
SENSITIVc #VTELLIGENCE SQURCES
Akid METHODS INVOLVED
Secret
==================================================
Page 141
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13-00000
SecRet
4 . Per our conversation CCS has stated in its
response to the SA/DO/0 that
DDA
would comment further
on the extent to which CIA sponsorship of Fairways may
have been placed in the public donain since the court
order (i.e_ since February 1975)
5 _ Please direct yYour comments to SA/ DO/ 0. For
your information Mr Halpern Room 6 D 0120 red line
x9588 is preparing an
ovefali
response on
the subject
for the SA/DO/o_
Latta
2
SEcREt
244454
==================================================
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13-00000
MEMORA NDUM FOR :
Reccc&
atbsel a
ODo Dzus
Dds+T
~eatoinea
4es t
0
crsr
eBZ TL 4 555729
aMat- 76ez
O~7h bai
i7eeedl
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4 Ahewl)
& 2
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aZL~
'Date
Zeknzz
L1zz _
F0 R M Us € P RE V | 0 u $ 5995 /01
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==================================================
Page 143
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13-00000
S E C' R E T
14 June 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR : See Distribution
FROM Norbert A Shepanek
0/SA/ DO/0
SUBJECT DDS;T Request for DDO Coordination on
Certain Deletions in the Cult of
Intelligence by Marchetti Marks
1 In conjunction with the current review of the dele-
tions in subject book for possible declassification the
DDS&T has indicated certain_ items which they believe should
remain classified but has requested DDO coordination. Copies
of the deletions pertinent to Your component are attached
(see page 3)
2 _ Please review the deletions using the same criteria
applied during the review of deletions within the exclusive
purview. of the DDO _ If You find that any of the items have
been legaliy placed in the public domain , please provide the
details
3: The following items should: be reviewed by the
components indicated and response forwarded to the writer by
23 June 1977 :
Item Manuscript_Page Review Responsibility
25 47 EA Division
159 181 EA Division and NE Div .
160 182
161 183
162 184
163 184
164 185
205 234 NE Division
208 235 LA Division
209 236 LA Division
295 424 EA Division
2 97 425 EA Division an d EUR Div.
299 426 EA Division and EUR Div_
301 427 AF Division
190 214 SE Division (Office of
Security may be appropriate_
action office for this item)
E2 IMPDET CL BY 018630
S E C R E T
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S E C R E T
4 Where more than one Division is involved a single
coordinated reply may be provided; If there are any questions
> please contact the writer on xl542
N , A. Shepanek
Attachments
'As Noted Above
0/SA/ DO/0:NAShepanek :kaw (1542)
Distribution
Original
C/BA/CAY /+A~
1 E/ FP / FC
1 NE / COPS
C/AF/Plans
EASEOOSG
SA/ DO/ 0
S E C R E T
u
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SECRET
DDSST- 5193- 76/1
2 ? MAy 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR : General Counsel
ATTENT ION John Greaney.
SUBJECT Review of Deletions from The CIA and the
Cult of_Intelligence by Marchetti and Marks
1_ The responsible and knowledgeable components of this
directorate have reviewed the appropriate deletions from. subject
book per your request - The review was made to determine whether
each deletion was still classified under EO 11652 or whether the
information in each deletion has been officially released by the
U,S _ Government _
2 Attached Tab is a list of the deleted items reviewed
by this directorate_ Tab B is a list of those items of primary
interest of this directorate _ All of these items remain classi
fied; however portions of one item =
)
135 can be released. Tab C
is a list of those items which we determined are still classified
under EO 11652 ; however,
9 some portions of three items can be
released , but we recommend that a11 of the items in Tab C be.
coordinated with other indicated elements . Tab D is a list of
items We deternined are not of concern to this directorate and
should be referred to other indicated elenents Tab E is a list
of the four items mentioned above which we believe portions can
now be released_ The portions in red brackets remain classified
and should not be released_
3 Since many of the deleted items involved the National
Security Agency (NSA) we attempted to coordinate our determina -
tions through our contacts at NSA _ We were' told that any
coordination must be handled between the NSA and CIA General
Counsel_ As a result, no further coordination with other ele-
ments was attempted.
4 _ This memorandum completes the DDSST action on the
court ordered review of the deletions from subject book
/Zansd 1 Qllee
ERNEST J . ZELLMER
Associate Deputy Director
for
Science and Technology
Attachments :
As Stated 21P;ET CL oY_
.0051667
SECRET
A,
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TAB A
DELETED ITEMS IN THE MARCHETTI MANUSCRIPT
REVIEWED BY THE DDSG T
Item Page Item Page
25 47 190 214
86 104 191 214
87 104 192 215
8 8 105 204 233
106. 205 234 92
9 107 208 235
135 134 209 236
136 135 245 268
155 177 248 269
157 179 254 327
158 180 258 331
159 181 259 331
160 182 260 331
161 183 267 337
163 184 26 8 337
164 185 269 337
165 185 275 394
166 185 295 424
167 185 297 425
170 189 299 426
171 189 301 427
172 189 302 427
173 190 304 430
174 191 306 431
175 191 312 442
176 192 313 450
177 193 324 474
178 194 325 474
187 200 327 475
188 201 328 476
189 202 329 480
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Tab B
ITEMS OF INTEREST TO THE DDSST
AND REMA IN CLASSIFIED
Item Manuscript_Page
91 106 SECRET
)
SB (2) and (3)
92 107 SECRET , 5B (2) and (3)
8135 134 SECRET , 5B ( 2) and (3)
136 135 SECRET
)
SB ( 2) and (3)
155 177 SECRET
)
5B( 3)
158 180 SECRET
2
SB ( 2) and (3)
163 184 SECRET
)
5B ( 2) and (3)
165 185 SECRET , 5B ( 3)
166 185 CONFIDENTIAL , 5B ( 2 )
167 185 CONFIDENTIAL , SB ( 2)
188 201 TOP SECRET , SB (2)
#Can be sanitized and portions released _
==================================================
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Tab C
ITEMS_ OF INTEREST TO DDSST AND SHOULD REMAIN
CLASSIFIED BUT SHOULD BE COORDINATED WITH OTHER ELEMENTS
Item Manuscript_Page
* 25 47 DDO
* 87 104 DOD (DIA)
88 105 DOD (DIA}
157 179 0S
159 181 DDO , OC , ERDA
160 182 DDO , OC , ERDA
161 183 OC , ERDA
162 184 DDO ; OC , ERDA
163 184 DDO
164 185 DDO
172 189 NSA
187 200 DOD (Navy)
189 202 DOD (Navy)
204 233 NSA and DDO
205. 234 DDO
208 235 DDO
209 236 DDO
245 268 DOD (SAFSS)
248 269 DOD (SAFSS)
254 327 DOD (SAFSS) NSC Staff
258 331 DOD (SAFSS)
*Can be sanitized and portions released _
DDO ,
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Tab C
Continued
Item Manuscript Page
259 331 DOD (SAFSS)
260 331 DOD (SAFSS)
267 337 DOD (Navy )
268 337 DOD (Navy)
269 337 DOD (Navy)
*275 394 OL
295 424 DDO
297 425 DDO
299 426 DDO , NSA
301 427 DDO , OC , NSA
302 427 NSA
304 430 NSA
306 431 DOD (Navy)
312 442 NSA
313 450 NSA
329 480 NSC Staff
#Can be sanitized and portions released .
2 -
==================================================
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Tab D
ITEMS REFERRED TO OTHER COMPONENTS
Item Manuscript_Page
86 104 0/DCI
170 189 NSA
171 189 NSA
173 190 NSA
174 191 NSA
175 191 NSA
176 192 NSA
177 193 NSA
178 194 NSA
190 214 DDO or 0S
191 214 State Department
192 215 State Department
324 474 DOD (JCS) and NSC Staff
325 474 DOD
327 475 DDI and DOD
328 476 DDI
)
DOD and NSC Staff
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SECRET
Tab E
ITEMS SANITIZED FOR POSSIBLE RELEASE
Item 135 Manuscript page 134
"A somewhat s imilar sale of a proprietary occurred in
0963
when CIA decided to get rid of a technical research faboratory
in the Boston area. M
Item 25 , Manuscript_ page 47
"Over the years , the CIA closely collaborated with the
Nationalists first to run guerrilla attacks against [ainland
China and then in more recent years to use
iaiwanzs
a base
for U-2 flights (flown over China by Nationalist pilots
trained in the United States) electronic surveillance of
the mainland and such covert action programs as propaganda _
and disinformation aimed at China during the Cultural Revol -
ution7
Item 87 , Manuscript page 107
"The Agency also had a project to determine where American
of war were being held in North Vietnam and to Eommonicate
with them} Scale models of the prisgns were
constructed from aerial @nd satellite photography and from
other intelligence and Studies were made to learn which
had
tfied
or might be willing to try to communicate _ Bozeonett
of the prisoners, on their Own had earlier used their
infrequent letters to their families as a means of sending
coded messages relating where they were being held _ Thus
3 the. Agency worked out schemes to use return mail from the
families to send answers
bach Meanwhile, the Technical
Services Division of the"
Item 275 Manuscript page 394
new optics for satellite cameras and improvements in 'over
the horizon 1 radars? These technical contracts were almost
always drawn up under the cover
of being between the scholar
(or the university) and some government agency other than the
CIA (the Defense Department or some component thereof were
the most"
SECRET
==================================================
Page 152
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13-00000
Tab C
ITEMS OF INTEREST TO DDS&T AND SHOULD REMA IN'
CLASSIFIED BUT SHOULD BE COORDINATED WITH OTHER ELEMENTS
Item_ Manuscript_Page
* 25 47 DDO
*.87 104 DOD (DIA)
8 8 105' DOD (DIA)
157 179 0S
159 181 DDO , OC , ERDA
160 182 DDO OC; ERDA
161 183 DDO , OC , ERDA
162 184 DDO 0C , ERDA
163 184 DDO
164 185 DDO
172 189 NSA
187 200 DOD (Navy)
189 202 DOD (Navy)
204 233 NSA and DDO
205 234 DDO
208 235 DDO
209 236 DDO
245 268 DOD (SAFSS)
248 269 DOD (SAFSS)
254 327 DOD (SAFSS) NSC Staff
258 331 DOD (SAFSS)
*Can be sanitized and portions released .
==================================================
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13-00000
Tab C
Continued
Item Manuscript
259 331 DOD (SAFSS)
260- 331 DOD (SAFSS):
267 337 DOD (Navy )
268 337 DOD (Navy)
269 337 DOD (Navy)
*275 394' OL
295 424 DDO
297 425 DDO
299 426 DDO , NSA
301 427 DDO OC , NSA
302 427 NSA
304 430 NSA
306 431 DOD (Navy )
312 442 NSA
313 450 NSA
329 480 NSC Staff
*Can be Sanitized and portions released.
~2 -
Page
==================================================
Page 154
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13-00000
Tab D
ITEMS REFERRED TO_ OTHER COMPONENTS
Item Manuscript_Page
.86 104 0/DCI
170 189. NSA
171 189 NSA
173 190 NSA
174 191 NSA
175 191 NSA
176 192 NSA
177 193 NSA
178 194 NSA
190 214 DDO or 0S
191 214 State Department
192 215 State Department:
324 474 DOD (JCS) and NSC Staff
325 474 DOD
327 475 DDI and DOD
328 476 DDI , DOD and NSC Staff
==================================================
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13-00000
UNCLA? SIFIED: INTERNAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
USE ONLY'
ROUTING AND RECORD . SHEET
'SUBJECT: (Optionalj:
FROM;' EXTENSION NO.
Norbert A_ Shepanek
0/SA/Do/0
DATE
210109 1542 144 June 1977
TO: (Oficer designation , room number , arJ DATE
building) OFFICER'S COMMENTS , (Number each comment to show from whom
INITIALS @ whom. Draw line across]column after 0ach commeni.)
RECEIVED FORWARDED
Ralph J_ Katrosh
SA/DO/o
2
3 Mr Robert Skidmore Ea
Mins ctf
C/EA/ CA
1 5
1971 Jun
#Bec
Tm
5D3102 76
Shwvls Misaiv _cseifuf
0
Msstad Saanasa+
5 _
STL "
oxa Ran4
AczA
'akuI
64n
G_
0v
Lzwain baTl
Jse: e.l: (t A_,e
Deke
8
10
12_
13.
15.
FORM 610 usebifaous SECRET CONFIDENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
3-62 USE ONLy
Iwnl
Jun
Hqs
~t
Meaea4
Ple%e
844
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S E C R E
14 June 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR : See Distribution
FROM Norbert A_ Shepanek
0/SA/ DO/0
SUBJECT DDS&T Request for DDO Coordination on
Certain Deletions in the Cult of
Intelligence by Marchetti Marks
1 In conjunction with the current review of the dele-
tions in subject book for possible declassification
)
the
DDS&T has indicated certain items which they believe shouid
remain classified but has requested DDO coordination_ Copies
of the deletions pertinent to your component are attached
(see page 3)
2 _ Please review the deletions us the same criteria
applied during the review of deletions within the exclusive
purview of the DDO If you find that any of the items have
been legally placed in the public domain , please provide the
details
3. The following items should be reviewed by the
components indicated and response forwarded to the writer by
23 June 1977 :
Item Manuscript_Page ReviewResponsibility
25 47 EA Division
159 181 EA Division and NE Div _
160 182
161 183
162 184 "
163 184
164 185
205 234 NE Division
208 235 LA Division
209 236 LA Division
295 424 EA Division
297 425 EA Division and EUR Div.
299 426 EA Division and EUR Div_
301 427 AF Division
190 214 SE Division (Office of
Security may be appropriate
action office for this item)
E2 IMPDET CL BY 0186 30
S E C R E T
ing_
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S E C R E T
4 _ Where more than one Division is involved , . a single
coordinated reply may be provided; If there are any questions ,
please contact the writer on xl542
Pr_esvaSLpAsk
N . A. Shepate
Attachments
As Noted Above
0/SA/DO/O:NAShepanek :kaw (1542)
Distribution
Original c/EA/ CA
1 E/ FP /FC
NE / COPS
C/AF/Plans
1
CASEOOSG
SA/ DO/0
S E C R E T
==================================================
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#age
47 SECRET
Hussein and the U.S. Government became Increasingly concerned about the
strong and strident propaganda voice of Radio Cairo. Both partfes shared a
desire to counter its anti-American, antf-Hussein Iine (which was
notknew) _
s0 the CIA funded the building of a Jordanian televiston station. A CIA
Owned, Nlew York based proprietary copany , named RTV, provided the technical
expertise and management skills to the station in operation_
Stiml another example of a country.where the CIA enjoys a
special
relationship is National ist CHina. On Taiwan, however, the CIA's Iink Is-
not with President Chiang Kai-Shek but with his son and hejr apparent,
Premier Chiang Ching-Kuo. One former CIA: chief of station, Cl ine, now the
State Department 's Director of Intelligence and Research, became something
of a legend within the Clandestine Services because of his frequent all-
night drinking boutsuaith the younger Chiang.
LOver the years, the CIA closely co]laborated with the National Ists first
25
to run guerrilIa attacks against mainland China and then in more recent
years to use Taiwan as a base for U-2 fl ights, flown over China by Nationalist
pilots trained in the United States) electronic survefllance 0f the mainland
and such covert action programs as propaganda and disinformation aimed at
China during the Cultura] Revolutton
In South Vietaam_ Anbassador Elsworth Bunker insisted on persona] ly 2
conducting a71 important meetings, with President Thieu; sometimes Bunker
was 2
6f sta €ich
accompanied by the CIA chief, when there was Agency business to be discussed . 2
But there has been another CIA officer in SaIgon who has known Thfeu for 2
many years and who has retained access .to the Vietnamese President. 7
According to a former assIstant to Abassador Bunker, this CIA offIcer has 2
served as conduit between Thleu and the AmerIcan government when a formal 2 _
meet Ing Is not desired or when Thieu wishes to float an
Iideath
2
fcrsonally
Over the years, the CIA has provided Thieu #ercona enrtthr mfI Iions of 2
Thavnterzdt
money
dolars In untraceable- black bag" funds to_thehuindtetttsof
TFzz
put
Ray
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7536854 i4 | SECSE"
the information straIght forwardly, thereby , handicapping the: analysts In making
a
confident' judgment of the accuracy: 0f the report's content_
Some Intel igence analysts, both inside and outside the CIA, receive
Iarge numbers 0f this type Of report every day , many of which do come from
actua] agents. But by mix together 'information supplied by audio surveillance
(which Is, by definition; an accubate account of what was &did) with agent
reports which are sometimes exaggerated or false, the Clandestine Services
confuses and often misleads those people within the U.S. government whose
function It Is to analyae foreign events and ' Indirectly .those Ieaders who make
decisions based 0n that intelligence analysis:
In,the mid-1960s, the Far East Division 0f' the Clandestine Services and 159
the experts 0f the Scientific and TachnIca] Directorate ccmbindddffoces to
carry 'out one of the Agency' s nost imaginative (if.ultimately unsuccessful)
inte} I igence col lection operations ever undertaken. At that time_ top-Ievel
U.S. government officials 'Were distutbed by repprts that Conunist China was on
the verge of developing an Intercontinental ba] listic missile_(ICBM) system:
They knew that the threat posed by Chinese ICBM s would play an Important part
In the decIsion_ then under consideration; to go: ahead with an American antt-
ballistic miss le (ABM) . deployent program_ As a matter of the highest
priority, the CIA was told to find out What was happening at Shuangch 'engtzr , the
Chinese missile test sIte in the far western corner of Inner Mongol ia .
The: Agency s technfcal specialIsts responded by_designing_ a nuclear-
ppwered device which could monitor certain electronic: emissions coming from
the mfssIle site, wel1 over a thousand mfles: away, and then 'rely the information
to a CIA Iistening post: The plan was to emplace the device on; a mountaIn
peak ca]ed- the Nanda Devt, at an altftude of more than 25,000 feet, in the
Indian Htmalayas from wvhere It would have an unobstructed 06 1ine-of-sIght" to
the secret test facility. As the device was being perfected In the CIA
Iahnratortes_ the (landestine Services took on the resdonsibilItv for the
mosJCET
ing
key
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SECGRET
'difficult pkase of the operation installing the machine
on the mountain top. Ilo
The first thing that had to be done was to the permission of the 2
Indian government to implenent the scheme, not a large problem in view 0f the 2
CIA's close relations with the Indian intelligence service. The Indians not 4
only agreed but, surprisingly, insisted on full participation in the project. 5
Hext, the Agency recruited a group 0f experienced mountain c] imbers to carry
the devIce, complete wtth its nucIear powerpack , pp ' the mountain and It
into operation. A we] I-known American mountaineer who had previously conquered
Mt. Everest, Barry Bishop, was contacted and convinced to Iead the c] imb_
Overai1 control of the operation
1
however was placed in the hands of an expertenced
CIA case Officer_
That Summer the Agency operator along wlth the Anerican and Indian
climbers, and a group Of Sherpa porters, were brought together at
a secret
CIA training base in the Rocky Mountains to practice as a team and to Iearn
how to assemble the monitoring device once they got It to the top of Manda Devi .
Cover for the operation Was carefully built by Ieaking information in Internationa]
mountaineering circles that a joint American-Indian expedItion was planning an
ascent 0f one 0f the more difficult Himalayan peaks_ During the winter_ the
technicians completed work on the sensor device, and a few months Iater the
CIA chief Of statton In Delhi reported that al1 ogistica] and cover arrangenents
with Indian intell igence had been completed_ The monitoring device wa$
clandestinely flown to a secure staging area in northern India by a transport
plane from one of the Agency' s proprietary adr] ines. Hext, the c]imbers were
brought together and taken to the cawp In the foothills of the Himalayas from
where they and the Sherpas would begin their difficult ascent of the Nanda
Devt
Things went welI at first, but after the expedition passed the snow Iine, the
Indians began to tire and became irascible, claiming that they were backpacking
too much weight. The CIA case fficer redistributed the Ioad by convIncIng the
i41.
ga In
put
Iong ,
8
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43.
SECREC
would do. Progress slowed and, behind schedule, the team reached the base
camp 'from where the final ascent to the mounta in S summit would be made by
a sma ] 1 party of cl imbers accompanied by a few porters_ Soon after the
group had started for the peak, one 0f the Sherpas returned to base camp to
tell the CIA man who had rema ined behind to hand]e communications with the
staging area, that the Indians were causing trouble at the higher altitudes
The case officer immediately set out to reach Bishop and the summtt team in
an effort to restore peace among the: climbers . The project was now Ivez] off
schedule, and any more delays would have endangered the entire expedition
because 0f the onset of bad weather_ With some difficulty, the Agency
operator was able to get the team moving again, and ft finally reached ' its
target near the top of the Nanda Devi Amidst how] ing winds and at temperatures
wel1 below zero, the c] imbers assembled the monitoring device and put it into
operation With spirits high, the group returned to base camp and the nelvs
Of the successfu) installation was sadioed back to the staging area .
But within a few short months, the signa]s that the sensor had been
sendIng from the Nanda Devi stopped . The CIA dispatched a plane to over
the mountain and photograph the monitoring site. It was Iearned that the
device had been knocked over by a_ snoly slide. Kihen the Indian government
was inforied of the development, it complained to the CIR station In Delhi
that the nuclear generator might be polluting the headraters of the sacred
Ganghes River which flow out of the Hinalayas. The Indian concern was about
religious pollutton, not ecological
The CIA reacted by planning another c] imbeof the mountain for the following
year both to retrieve the danaged equipent and implace a new monitoring
system thts one powered by a non-nuclear generator The cl imbing team,
Jed by Bishop, was gathered together again and this time it reached the
top of the mountain with comparatively Iittle difficulty. The ncw device was
set up, but after an extensive search; the atomic generator from the year
fly
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1S4 SEGQET
before Ias not-found. Again after only a felwv weeks; the second sensor device [62
stopped work This time the faflure was attributed to a mechanical
2
maIfunction. 2
At this point, the Agency gave up on mountain-top monitoring of the
Communist Chinese missile program, turning to other systems and new , improved
satellites for acquiring the information it was The Indians were
thanked and compensated for their cooperation. Jhe Anerican cl imbers were
presented with secret medals by a gratefu] but disappointed CIA.
The fertile imaginattons of the SKT experts durtng the following
years produced nany more unique codlrction schemes aimed at solving the
mysteries of China s Strategic missile program_ Most eventually proved to be
unworkable, and at Ieast one entailed a frighteningly hlgh-risk potential _
The silliest of them a}1, holever, ca] ed for the creation 0f a sma11 one-man
airplane that could theoretically be packaged in two large suitcases. In
concept, an agent along with the suitcases wouId scmehow be inffltrated into
the denied area where, after performing his espionage mission, he would
assemble the aircraft and to safety over the nearest friendly border.
Even the chief of the Clandestine Services' refused to have anything to do with
this scheme, ad the projectydied o the draling boards.
A second system was a device, Iong and tubular Tike a rocket, that could_
be dropped by a U-2 or another afrcraft near the missile test site, its fall
slowed by a parachute So that the device would penetrate only two or three
feet into the ground on impact. Afterwards, the system, andaerial rising from
its top, kould activate itself and perform its electronic sensing tasks. Sti11
later , the device would transmit its findings to a Tistening post, most
1ikely 1 circling afrcraft. The need for secret a/r penetratton Into a
foreign and hostle power to deliver the monitoring device and additiona7
sImiIar fIights to retrteve the data col lected and stored by the machine
raicod cartoiic Mastinns a6 +0 the svsten' & #tilifv and warth_ The #SST
ing.
{seeking
fly
deep
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speclalists, fascinated by the technical aspects af the project, seemed however
(Iety
oblivious of the' dangers involved in secretly flying near a Chinese mfssfle 2
installation and dropping an object in an action that could te easfly appear
to a startled radar operator as a lone bomber engaging in a surprise nuclear
attack. Development of the Costly system was, therefore, pushed ahead . The
technicians were more concerned with the fact that the test drops 0f the device
in the southwestern U.S. desert usually resulted in the system burying itself
severa] feet below the ground surface or so jarring the delicate instrumentation
that the device fafled to self-activate and function properly:
A third system was a model airplane roughly the sIze of a large bird, 165
such a5 a condor, which was powered by a ninfature nuclear engine and which
could be Iaunched from outside China and guided to the missile test sfte wel1
over a thousand miles away, all the while soaring in patterns that would resemble
on the air defense radar scopes the flight patterns 0f a large eagle Once
over the target, the plane' 5 electronic sensors and televtsion cameras
would be turned on to record activities below and relay the information either
to Its Iaunch site or much more Tikely a hovering aircraft that had penetrated
Chinese airspace for this purpose. Millions 0f dolars Were expended by the
CIA In research on this 'baby U-2" that called for nurerous breakthroughs In
t7 78)
the state 0f the technical arts. Its chief advantage was of course, that if
and when it was shot down there would be no Pilot to confess It had been on an
Agency-sponsored spying mission
The technica] difficulties involved in the @ir-droplsysten ad thelmodel
16
atrplane device were too great and time consuming for either to be fully I67
developeduby their inventors before improvements In intelligence satellite
surveillance programs were achieved , thus negating the justifying regutrenent
for these questionablghand potentially provocative collection systems before
they could be put Into operation. Other clandestine col lection devices
08 a
more sensibly contrived, most, holvever, of dubfous value
85
were also being
18 5
qui=
tiny
few
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414 SECAET
Agency had becone involved in a chain of events which forced
ft 'to intervene militarily in
8 second country to pratect it:
operation against Cuba. The Presi ient may have 86 t the original
policy, but there
waB no way he could hava known that simply
by approving an attack on Cuba, he would: set in traln Ageney
paramilitary activities against Gua tamala.
CIA operations czn
have another unforseen effect on Amer-
iczn foreign policys Zhey can subject the country to blackmail
if something goe8 wrong: For instance, after th GIA hilot waa
Bhot doum and captured by Indonesia in 1958, within five. days
the US governent approved the sale for local currency cf 37, Ou0
tons 0f American rice and lifted an embergo on $l million in
Bmall er18 2nd other military equipment, Considering at that
moment, the JIA wa8 actively backing-an armed revolution againet
the Suiarno regime mhege would have been strarge actions Iuldeed
for the US govertiment to take if it were not extrerely concerned
about saving the captured pilot.
bome mat Similar incident occurred in Singapore in 1960
after a CIA lie detector e xpert was flow specially into the city
to nake buro that a locally recrulted egent wes truztwor
When the Agency technician pluzgged 14 his polygreph machine in
a hotel rocm, he blew out all the fubes in tne buildirg * "Je
#This was not the only time that the CIA blaw najor ^sps Jvex~
8928, During the mid-l9608, the Ageney edded to it8 7u4b ;1>'
facilities on
'Taiwan by building
8 hurfe electruric
2-
SECRET
thy.
SECTZT
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42 5 SECEET
lie detector Jan, a CIA cage officer;' and the local agert were
soon all und6r irresta 'The Singapore governaent and the British,
who Ware in' the procesg of grantinz Singapore: its indepandence :
werc both 'quite dlsturbed bythe indident: Negotiations then
ensued to securo the men'8. release . According to Singaporc
Prime Ministcr Lee Kuan Xaw, the U3 governaent offereas3.3 mil-
lion to them out, Lee claimed that he wanted ten tine8 23
much and consequently; took nothing. In enj cas? , the two CIA
officials werc ubsequently freed, the newly installcd Secretary
0f State, Dean . Rusk, wrcte a geczet letter of apology: to the
Singapore leacer. In 1965, Lae mentioned" the affalr in 2 epeech
as an example of the type of activities engaged in: byrthe CIAe
The State Departmant then {swued a routine deniel furnished by
the CI--State'8 pregs office not realizing the truth of Lee'6
charges. Lee rcacted by publicly producing Rusk'8 letter 0f 4-
pology, end State Je3 forced to retract its original statorent,
although it still naintained that no ransom had ever been Offered.
Yn
As well a3
embarrassing the US governnent and making headlines
arourd thc mcrld, thle incidont caused the State Department to
revamp its internal Byeten for waking ennoucements about in-
telligenca atters,
C Blackmail was agin the there in the rid-19b28 when the
President of Cyprus, Archbishop Makarios, quie infcrmed the
installation for ourveillance of the Chinese mainland. When the
device waf)' turned on for the first tire it knocked out 8 large
part 0f the 'island'8 power. In thi8 case , the local governent
reacted in a much moro friendly manner than did Singapore 8,
SECZET
get
tly
==================================================
Page 166
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13-00000
SEHRET
42 6
US Bove nt that he might oust certain intelligence instal-
laticns' from hie island. 'Ehe CIA had a major interest in the
mettcr, 8 '1t operated a
Foreign Broadcaat Information Ser-
vice F;IS) listening: post there and the Pentagon wag lbo' con-
cerned abcit the possible Loss of its large electronic eurveil-
lance facilitiesa The view .in the intelligence cormaunt t wa8
that Makarios had to be nollified at practically 2l1 Cowt5.
Pinally
8 -
governnent negotiators reached a secrct deal with the
W ily old archbishop, and Je received 2 speckal payment of about
810 million in return for letting the bages rerain. The CI
I
put up half of the money, usinz the Director'& Contingercy Fund
for this unforseen expense
In goneral, the presence of American intelligence facill-
ties in a foreign courtry can have an important; effect on Amere
ican policy tovard that country, especially in tne Tgird #orld.
Clogely aligned countries, Buch a5 England exnary, Jopan, 295
and Australia, have ugually allowed the Uni ted ~tates to Se t
up electronic Bpying baBes 85 Dart of the general franexnck of
coopcration be#lveen allie8. But to the legs developed countrics,
the Prcsence of an Anlezican installation i8 both a thrcet and
@n opportuity . The thregt come8 from domestic opnosition for-
Ces vho look on tlie base 88 an 'example of -neo-coloni.li
and use it 83 3
wcapon against those in power: The opportunity
arise8 ou of the fact that ~hic United States will pay dcerly
for the rfght to install it8 cavesdroppong equipnent--ard to
keep it in placo, 88 harchbishop Makarios] discovered. 300
13
SECHET
8n"
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Page 167
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13-00000
UNCLASSIFIED INTERNAL: CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
USE ONLY
ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
SUBJECT: '(Optional)
FROM: EXTENSION No:
Norbert A_ Shepanek
0/SA/DO/0 1542 DATE
2D0109 9564 14 June 1977
TO: (Officer designation, room number , and DATE
building) OFFICER'S COMMENTS `(Number each comment to show from whom
INITIALS' @ whom. Drow 0 Iine - @cross_ column. after each comment;)
RECEIVED FORWARDED
Ralph J Katrosh
SA/ DO/,0
2
3_ Crocky Hogg
LA/ FOIA
16
30.34_Hqs
June
5 _ Norbert Shepanek To 5 :
0/SA/DO/0
JDeles
To the best of our
knowledge , :items 208 and
209 have not been made;
public_
10_
12
13_
15_
FO874 610 usgoina8' PrEviQus SECRET CONFIDENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
USE ONLY
L
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S E C R E T
14 June 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR : See Distribution
FROM Norbert A Shepanek
0/SA/ DO/0
SUBJECT DDSST Request for DDO Coordination on
Certain Deletions in the Cult of
Intelligence by Marchetti Marks
1 In conjunction with the current review of the dele -
tions in subject book for possible declassification, the
DDSGT: has indicated certain items which 'they believe should
remain classified but has requested DDO coordination . Copies
of the deletions' pertinent: to your componen t are attached
(see page 3)
2 Please review the: deletions us ing the same criteria
applied during the review of deletions within the exclusive
purview of the DDO _ If you find that any of the items have
been legaliy placed in the public domain
9
please provide the
details
3 _ The following items should be reviewed by the
components indicated and response forwarded to the writer by
23 June 1977 :
Item Manuscript_Page Review Responsibility
2 5 47 EA Division
159 181 EA Division and NE Div.
160 182
161 183
162 184
163 184
164 185
205 234 NE Division
2 0 8 235 LA Division
209 236 LA Division
295 424 EA Division
297 425 EA Division an d EUR Div,
299 426 EA Division and EUR Div.`
301 427 AF Division
190 214 SE Division (Office of
Security may be appropriate_
action office for this item)
E2 'IMPDET CL BY 0186 30
S E C R E T
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S F'.C R E' T
Where more than one Division is involved , a single
coordinated reply may be . provided_ If there are any questions
please contact the writer on xl542
(Sgned) Norbert A. Shepanek
N . A_ Shepanek
Attachments
As Noted Above
0/SA/DO/O:NAShepanek :kaw (1542)
Distribution
Original C/EAJCA
1 E/ FP /FC
1 NE / COPS
C/AF/Plans 1
CASEOOSG
SA/ D0/0"
S E C R E T
2
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2age0 2 35
SECRET
Sitdation In private with his supertors. But Bob and his cohorts at FI/0 were
one step ahead of Abassador Meyer They had figured out a way to Intercept 2
his cables and the replies he received from Hashington_ So shortly after each 3
State message was sent, Bob would appear in the CIA executive suite wfth a copy
of the message for the persona] inspectlon of the Director. Hritten on of
$
each mntercepted cable was a warning that the contents of the cable should be 6
kept especially confident because State was unakare that the CIA had a copy
Despite' Agency knowledge 0f al1 of Meyer' s instructions and information,
3
Meyer and State S director of Iranian Affairs in Washington refused to yield 41
to Agency pressure for a quick settlement. Even after these two men met at
CIA headquarters with the Deputy Director of CIA, Vice Admiral Rufus Taylor,
they stfI] insisted that the Agency' s plans for the new installation Were
unacceptable to the U.S. government as a whole. CIA Director Helms was So
aggravated by this continued resistance thab he personally telephoned Secretary
of State Rusk to settle the matter. Rusk promptly ended the dispute by agreeing
completely to the CIA position.
Bob was also involved In another series of events khich started when FI/D 2o8
worked out a Iiaison arrangement with the codebreaking service of a certain
South AmerIcan government_ This arrangement was ostensibly for the purpose 0f
allowing the CIA and the other country to cooperate in decoding messages sent
by third countries. However, FI/D tood advantage of the Iiaison to intercppt
the secret comunications of the host South American government. Such arrangements
were nona]| procedure to Bob_ The intensely dedicated Iaw and order advocate saw
nothing wrong in practiclng this sort Of duplicity o an a/1ied government which
cooperated in good faith.
FILD's Iiaison with the South American country continued for a
period
of time unti1 relations between the United States and that natIon soured over
unrelated Issues , and as a result FI/D was forced to break,off the relatlonship_
However , FI/D did not gtve up that the previous working arrangements could
3 reisrel 1
top
1ong
@
hope
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Puge 3H 2 36 SECRET
Sometime Iater, Bbb suggested to an officer In the CIA S executive suite
that the Agency should help.the South American country obtain a channel In the 2
internationa] satellite communications network, Comsat_ ATways the secretive 3
operator , Bob did not explain Why the Agency should do this_ and the other
CIA man rep] ied that CIA, afterall was not the American foreign ajd_program; and
wether Or not this particular country received a
Comsat channel did not seem to
be a matter concer:: ing CIA. Only Iater did the executive suite officer Iearn
from other sources that FI/D had worked out a deal wlth the South American
country in which Tiaison would be restored in return 'for a ` Comsat channel (Ihich
CIA would intercept). But Bob could not bring himself to share his scheme nden
with a fe] Iow Agency employee In the Director's office_
Eventua]y, the South Anerican country received the Comsat channel ; the 2
country restored Iiaison with FI/D; and CIA again had access to a11 of that 13
country' s secret messages.
1
Bob's job with FI/D is by no means one of the dirtiest jobs in the 15
Clandestine Services. There are operators in the paramilitary ftelds who 16
probably conceive and carry out mre distasteful machinations But Bob Is in
a
position where,
on a regular basis, he misrepresents himself and even Iies
within the U.S. government
G
not to mention the deceit he and his colleagues
perpetrate 0 friendly foreign governnents which in faith enter Into 26
Iiadson agreements with FI/D . 21
Bob X is one of these dodinary Iooking people who mow their Ialn, Iove 22
their wives, and do some very nasty things for the CIA. 23
Two
For other devoted family men Who Iived in suburban Washington homes 22
similar to Bob X's are named James McCord and E Howard Hunt. Both had Iong, z,
relatively successfu] careers with the CIA and rose to roughly the same upper - 2
middle Ievcl of the bureaucracy as Bob X has. McCord was a CIA security 2
officer , specia] izing In protecting the Agency'$ physIcal facilittes. Hunt
2
L < an oneratar Ivhn nlaved a Ieadina role in the Bav 0f Pias and who took part
good
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13-00000
UNGLASSIFIED INTERNAL CQNFI DENTIAL SECRET
USE ONLY
ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
SUBJECT: (Optional)
FROM: Noe) 59
El FPIFC 36
4 B 4406 1872 DATE
TO: (Oflcer designation, Todm number , and DATE
23 June I9T7
building) OFFICER'S COMMENTS (Number each commenf to show from whom
INITIALS @ whom. Drow Iine across column after each comment;)
RECEIVED FORWARDED
0/SA/ DO/0
Mr _ Shepanek
2__
3
5_
6
8
10_
12_
13.
14_
15.
FOR7 610 USEDIRgUs SECRET CONFIDENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
USE ONLY
1n
ExTeNsioirs
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S-E-C-R-E-T
23 June 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR: 0/SA/ Do/o
FROM William W _ Phelps
EUR/ FP / FC
SUBJECT Coordination of Deletions in Marks-Marchetti
Book
REFERENCE SA/DO/0 Memorandum of 14 June 1977
European Divis ion concurs that the two items involving
EUR (Item 297 , page 425 and Item 299, page 426) should remain
classified.
M ybum
William W_ Phelps
E 2 IMPDET
CL BY 003283
S-E-C-R-E-T
WMhsly
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S- E-C-R- E-T
23 June 1977
MEMORAN DUM FOR: 0/SA/ DO/0
FROM William W_ Phelps
EUR/ FP / FC
SUBJECT Coordination of Deletions in Marks-Marchetti
Book
RE FERENCE SA/DO/0 Memoran dum of 14 June 1977
European Division concurs that the two items involving
EUR (Item 297 , page 425 an d Item 299, page 42 6) should remain
classified.
William w . Phelps
E 2 IMPDET
CL BY 003283
S-E-C-R-E- T
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UNCLASSIFIED INTERNAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
USE ONLY
ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
SUBJECT: (Optional)
FROM: EXTENSION NO_
NE _ COPS 9165 DATE
23 June 1977
TO: (Officer designation, room number , and DATE
building) OFFICER'S COMMENTS (Number ach comment to show From whom
INITIALS @ whom: Drow 0 Iine OCross column after each comment.)
RECEIVED FORWARDED
OTSATDOTO
Attn: Mr = Shepanek
TUBE: DX-6
2_
3_
5_
6_
8_
10_
12.
13_
14_
15.
FORM 610 usfbitiaous SECRET CONFIDENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
3-62 USE ONLY
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SEBRE
Jun 23 128hjuze
1977
MEMORANDUM FOR : 0/SA/Do/o
ATTENTION Mr _ Norbert A. Shepanek
FROM Joyce R. Herrmann
Chief 0f Operations NE Division
SUBJECT DDS&T Request for DDO Coordination on
'Certain Deletions in the Cult of
Intelligence by Marchetti Marks
NE Division has researched the seven DDSST items cited
in reference and to our
knowledge
none of the items cited
have been legally placed in the public domain Therefore,
the items remain classified under Executive Order 11652 as
listed below:
Manuscript
Item Page__ Exemption
159 181 SB (2) (
160 182 SB_ ( (
161 183 SB (
163 184 58 {
HI
164 185 SB (
205 234 SB (
KuuRtmaee
Jbyce R. Herrmann
T23G NOTTE
SiNSITIV #Tilezezoe SOURCES
E2 IMPDET
Aw?
JMJ
SECPET
CL BY 054979
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UNCLESSIFIED UsterKM
ONLY
CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
'in ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET:
SUBJECT: (Optional)
FROM:
~eayiholo-2 #W
Ac/SE DATE
5B4803 9045 23 June 1977
TO: (Officer designation, room number , DATE
building) OFFICER'S COMMENTS (Number each commont t show from whom
INITIALS @ whom. Draw line across column aftor each comment:)
RECEIVED FORWARDED
0/SA/ D0/0
ts
210109
2_
3
4
5 _
6
8
i0_
12.
13.
14_
15.
FORM 610 USEDIROIQUS SECRET CONFIDENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
3-62 USE ONLY
and
SP
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SECRET
2 3 JUN 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR: Special Assistant to the DDO for
External Oversight
ATTENTION Norbert As Shepanek
FROM Katharine C . Hart
Acting. Chief Soviet/East European Division
SUBJECT Deletions in the The' Cult of_Intelligence
by Marchetti Marks
REFERENCE Your Memorandum, Subject: DDS &T Request
for DDO Coordination on Certain Deletions
in the Cult of Intelligence by Marchetti
Marks
9
dated 14 June T977
1 We have reviewed the item relating to SE Division
interests referred to the DDO for coordination by the DDS &T _
This concerns an item from the Marchetti and Marks
The Cult of Intelligence Checking against official
boskiosures
we have determined the Item is still properly classified under
Executive Order 11652_
2 Item No , 190 , manuscript page 214 relating to Soviet
capabilities to_ make intelligible' the sounds picked ,up by dudio
devices discovered in the code room of the American Embassy in
Moscow
9
remains classified SECRET _ This item relates to
cryptography and is exempt from the General Declassification
Schedule of Executive Order 11652, exemption category 5B ( 2)
Yallua (Hact
Katharine C. Hart
SECRET E2 IMPDET
CL BY 014652
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SECRET
8 8 JUN 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR: Special Assistant to the Dbo for
External Oversight
ATTENTION Norbert A_ Shepanek
FROM Katharine C _ Hart
Acting Chief Soviet/East European Division
SUBJECT Deletions in #he The Cult of_Intelligence
by Marchetti MarKs
REFERENCE Your_Memorandum; Subject: DDS&T Request
for DDO Coordination on Certain Deletions
in the Cult of Intelligence by Marchetti
Marks , dated 174 June . T977
1_ We have reviewed the item relating to .SE Division
interests referred to the DDO for coordination by the DDS&T .
This concerns an item from; #he' Marchetti and Marks
The Cult of Intelligence Cheaking against official
boociosures
we have determined the Item, is still properly classified under
Executive Order 11652_
2 Item No _ 190 , manuscript page 214 relating to Soviet
capabilities to. make intelligible the sounds ` picked ,up by audio
devices discovered in the code room of the American Embassy in
Moscow
9
remains classified SM CRET. This item relates to
cryptography and is exempt the General Declassification
Schedule of Executive Order 11652 , exemption category SB ( 2)
Kadkox C; Haxk
Katharine C. Hart
SECRET E2 IMPDET
CL BY 014652
f3102
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UNCLASSIFIED INTERNAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
USE_ONLY
ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
SUBJECT : (Optional) DDS&T. Request for DDO Certain
Deletions in the 'Cult
SaxdinHiod
of by Marchetti-Marks
FROM: MON NO_
Chief, Africa Plans 1326
DATE
6 JUL 1972
TO: (Oficer designation, room number, and DATE
building) OFFICER'S COMMENTS (Number each comment to show from whom
INITIALS t whom_ Draw Iine Ocross]column atter each comment.) RECEIVED FORWARDED
0/SA/Do/o
Attn: MMr _ Shepane
Fle
2
3
5.
6
8
10_
12_
13_
15_
FORM 610 usEbitiogus SECRET CONFIDENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
3-62 USE ONLY
==================================================
Page 181
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13-00000
SECRET
6 JUL 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR : 0/SA/DO /0
Attn Mr Shepanek
FROM Edward J Jr_
Chief, Africa Plans
SUBJECT DDSST Request for DDO Coordination
on Certain De letions in the Cult of
Intelligence by Marchetti-Marks
We concur in the DDS&T 5 conclusion that Item 301 ,
page 247 remain classified.
01,40a2
Edward J_ Jr.
E2 IMPDET
CL BY 009904
WARNING NOTICE
SENSITIVE INTELLIGENCE SOURCES
And METHOdS INVOLVED
SECRET
Foy ,
Foy ,
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SEHHET
JUL 197
MEMORANDUM FOR: 0/SA/DO/0
Attn: Mr Shepanek
FROM Edward J_ Jr_
Chief, Africa Plans
SUBJECT DDS&T . Request for DDO Coordination
on Certain De letions in the Cult gf
Intelligence by Marchetti-Marks
We concur in the DDS&T S conclusion that Item 301,
page 247 remain classified.
'/e/ EDWARD J. FOY , JRo
Edward J: Jr.
E2 IMPDET
CL BY 009904
WARNING NVOTICE
SENSITIVE INTELLIGENCE SOURCES
ANd MEthads INVOLVED
SERRET
Foy ,
Foy ,
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0 22 24 6eb_933
THE ^ Ziv Yokt Tlmfo
Transcript of the Presidents News Con
Following is a transcriti of Presi-
dcnt Carter'$ news conference in
Washington ycsterday aftcrnoon, as
recorded by The New York Times
through the jacilities of ABC News:
Opening Statement
Gocd: afternoon everybody. Pd like
to make a very brief statement as a
progress report to the American people
of some items that are important to
uS
We have submitted and the Congress
is JlOW considering legislation to give
me the ` authority to reorganize the'
executile: branch of Government. The
Senate Committee under Senator Ribic-
off nhas now completed 'their hearings
and they'IL be marking up the bill
beginning tomorrow.
The House Committee on Govern-
ment Operations undei Congressman
Jack Brooks has "scheduled hearings to
begin on March 1.
So because of the interest of the
'American people and the Congress and
myself in completing this very crucial
project I think the, Congress is moving
with great expedition to give me that
authority.
We've also initiated with directions
to the members of ~the Cabinet and
other agency heads & new program to
President Carter walking reporters after news conference at the E
cut down n the extremely great over-
Joad of paper work with a requirement Im not going to_leave 0f not comment- with labor and management . Bu
that those who prepare Government directly on any_specific CIA: ac- whether I'l be successful, I don't know
regulations be responsible for the tivity. But 1 can tell you that I have Im just going to have to do my nest
preparation assigned them_ Ive asked begun a , complete . analysis which will
my Cabinet officers to read the regula- be completed within the next week of 6. Human Rights Abroad
tions that are forthcoming from their all activities by the CI.A. I've received
departments each week until see
substantial reports already. Q In your letter to Mr: Sakherov
the volume and the complexity of them, Ive reviewed the more controversial you said that the United States would
and we hope to eliminate unnecessary revelations that have been publicized use its good offices to seek the release
regulations, abbreviate those that are in the last few days, some quite errone- of prisoners of conscience: Ani
necessary and express them in a ` Jan- ous, some with some degree of accura- said that You wanted to continue tc
guage SO that can all understand cy. These same operations have been shape a world responsible to human
tthem: reviewed by the Intelligence Oversight aspirations_ As YOU know there are
Ive also asked major elements of Board, an independent board, and also human rights problems in other
our own society, the university_profes- by my jredecessory, President Ford countries_ And: some of them like Iran
sors and the state officials in this last 1 have not found anything illegal or or the Philippines we support with
week to give me their: suggestions on improper: arms, or we support with American aid,
how the regulations might be improved: If in future assessments, which will. These are countries where many people
We have done the same with come quite early, I discover such believe we have mlore Jeverage than
reports required by the Federal Govern- impropriety or an illegality I will not Ive might have in the; Soviet Union_
nient. I hope:to 'reduce drastically the only take immediate action to correct What if anything do plan to,try
nunber of reports and the frequency it but also will let the American people to do to help victims of itical repres
of those reports and the, complexity know about it sion in thesc countries?
of them: Imight say this. This is a very serious A_ I think without my trying to take
We will complete the proposed Jegis- problem of how in a democracy to have credit for it there has been a substan- lation on creating a new Department adequate 'intelligence gathered, as- tial move toward concern about hi man
of Energy this week: The proposed sessed and used to guarantee the se- rights throughout the world. [ rhink Jegislation is now on my desk. It will curity of our country. It's not part of this has taken placc in probably a be submitted to the Congress for action the American nature to do things in dozen or more different coli:_ ~es the first of next week; And we ve con- secret. Obviously, historically and still There's an arOu: interest in the posi sulted very closely with the key leaders at this modern time there is a necessity tion that our own Government here in in the Congress and I believe there's to protect sources of information from our free country does take_ Obvi uusly
going to be a: rapid creatiqa of this other nations. Sometimes other Gov- there are deprivations of human rghts
new department and a heavy emphasis ernments cooperate with us fully;
even more brutal than the ones on an the importance of energy questions sometimes don't, which we 've commented up to now. to our people: But IL to be sure, and so will
We will also present to the American Stan: Turner who will be the next
In-Uganda the actions there have dis-
people. probably at a joint scssion of director of the intelligence conmunity gusted the enlire civilized world and
the Congress a speech by , me about He will to be sure that every as you know, we have n0 diplomatic
April 20, 'a comprehensive we do is not only proper and legal, re lationships with Uganda But }c 2 is
which would involve all the com- but also compatible with the ittitudes an instance where both Ambassador SYexit
ties of . the energy question: It' s of the American people Andrew Young_ and I have expressed
something that' s overdue and it's One other point Id like to make is great concern about what is there The
going to be quite profound in its impact this_ It can be extremely damaging to British are now considering asking the
United Nations to g0 into Uganda to on the American consciousness and our our relationship with other nations, to assess the horrible murders that society, and 1 hope_it ,will be compre- the_potential. security "Of our country ensesaarecakng eaceurderat ountrvar
{aq? |
Top
Lzrt
Sip U 266
{
past
ing
they
YoU
we
many
an thing
YOU
polit
ing
they
try
try thing
poli- energy
long
'par-
==================================================
Page 184
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13-00000
4n lvc Lui'eu ~DJ au Voucyc LIiy L going to be a rapid creation of this other nations. ~Sometimes-other 'Gov- therc are deprivations 0f human
new department and a hervy emphasis ernntents cooperate with us fully; even more brutal than the ones on Qn the importance of energy questions sometimes don't which we've commented up to now to our people: But III to be sure, and so will
We will also present to the American Stan Turner, who will be thc next
In-Uganda the actions there have dis:
people. probaE at a joint scssion of director of the intelligence community- gusted the entire civilized world and,
the , Congress a speech by me about He will try to be sure that as you know, we have no diplomatic
April 20, a comprehensive poli- We do is not only proper
eveq thin5 relationships with Uganda. But h; 2 is
SYexithich would involve all the com:' but also compatible with the attitudes an instance where both Ambassador
ties of thie energy question. It' $ of the American people Andrew Young_and I have expressed
something that g long overdue and its One other point Td Jike to make is great concern about what is there. The
going to be quite profound in its impact this; It can be extremely damaging to British are now considering asking the
on the American consciousness and our our relationship with other nations, to United Nations to go into Uganda to
society, and [ it will be compre- the potential security of our
assess the horrible murders that :par-
hensive enough so Lhat it can be weli- even ' in peacetime, for these kinds
indstyy ently are taking place in lhat country_
balanced and fair to all: operations which are legitimate and
lhe persecution of thosc who havo
We are quite conccrned about the proper to be revealed_ It makos it hard aroused the Irc :f Mr_ Amin.
prcssures of ini.ation: The advisers to (ur us to gruuliu ~"i 6 Wfii
T've pxnro' mV cnncern ah 1"%
M1e on economics are trying to assess we might predicate a successful meet-
prisoned p iri .rs In 1'
all Government programs_and private of @ threat to uS in time of war
Korea; in Cunc_ in many countric ~in
actions that contribute to inflationary if we don't have some degree of secre- several counlrics, rather,__in S 'ith
When this 'analysis is done cy America and I'II continuc to do So_ I presiures
use every means that I havo Im quite concerned about the num-_ have never hadl an inclination lo single
available to me to express . these con - ber of now who have access
out the Soviet Union as the only place
cerns and possibly_corrective actions. to this
Peoplet "OformhcionaVenacfea
where human rights are abridged
to the American people a5 well, been very ; closely with the: We have, I think, a responsibility and
And the Jast: point is that we will'
boerreroiotnk leeder closesterdit
and a legal right to express our disapproval
have rnmnlete analvcie "nderway to trv to reduce.tha overali num- of violations of human rights The Hel
iJOI on deregulation: And - the first ber people who have access to the sirki Agecti~tx Mna Reckat::
question is the deregulation 0f the aif sources 0f information that: within the Three Provision insures; that some of Jines. Legislation is in the Congress _ bounds_that_[vecdescribed_propriety these human rights shalf be preserved:
nQw We l_be submitting a message _ and egality `and American attitudes to- We are a signatory of the Helsinki
to Congress very shortly on that sub- ward secre" {_~I'l ,do the best I can
agreement: We are ourselves culpable
iect ,We will not submit administration not ever t( !nake a mistake. And Im in) somo ways for nol giving people
W: iegislation because the Corgress has also assum on a continuing basis adequate righls, to move around our 0 already moved subst; ntially forward in 4 direct porsonal reponsibility for the country: or restricting unnecessarily, in
51 dealing with this important issue;, operation of all the ingelligence agen- my Opininn, visitation to this
And now Id like to answer questions, cies in our Government to make sure by those who disagree With us
Prolicary
Mr; Frank Cormier: that they are meeting these standards ly
Questions and Answers So I Lhiuk that we &ll ought t0 take
1, Defense Budget 3, Correcting Errors on CIA:
a position in our own countr and
Mr; President; you toid the Demo- Q If there has been erroneous infor- among our friends and allies; among
tratic Platform_ Committee that mation, wouldntit behoove
to our potential adversaries that human
thought present defense expenditures rect the record?
you cor- rights is something on,which we Shoula
could reduced by five to seven bil-
A__ In some
bear & major responsibility for leader:
Jion dollars .Now I think you may have ways we are correcting
ship: And 1 have made it clear to the
modified your position somewhat since the record,but if I began to cither dis- Soviet Union and' to others in the East-
then; Obviously in, your; short time in pute oconfirm every individual story ern European community that Tm not
office you didntt @ind the opportunity that's written whether correct Or er - trying to launch a unilateral criticism
to make cuts like that in your precedes- roneous on every matter rela to of them; that I'm trying to set a stand-
sor's budget: But isn't it also likely
the C.IA. then these matters which ard in our own country and make
that next year's budget for the defense are necessarily secret would no longer concerns cxpressed throughout the
will exceed this year$ be secret, s0 Im not going to comment world, not singled out against any par-
A Well because of inflationary_pres- on individual items that relate to intel-
ticular country_
sures and because of an impossibility
ligence. Q. Mr; President; the other day.
0f assessing thc potential threat to our 4. Difference With Meany back to this CIA. thing; when country, from other nations, it's hard that story broke Press Secretary_
to predict exactly what the level of Q. ME; President; 'George Meany says when he issued what amounled Lo 1 defense spending will be In the short he won't go with your idea for comment" by the White House
time that we had available to work pre-notification on wage and price in- Someone asked him if this .story had
on the previous: Administration's budg- creases. And myquestion really is how broken back during the campaign wher
et-about three weeks Of hard work8 hard, are You going to press Mr; Meany yOu were running for Presiden: vould
we were able to reduce the suggested to go and do you have anything you have givcn a similar response? And
expenditures by almost 53 ] billion. I in mind that you could use in the he said well I don't` know_ So can think about $2.75 billion: way of Government involving itself to I ask you, what would have becr:
This was done_and I .think Senator try to control inflation? response? Would it have: becn thc
Stennis in his recent public statements A Iannounced earlier my firm comt same? A. [ don't know.
has confirmed that it has been done mitment not to have mandatory: wage
without weakening_ our own defense and price Jaws Or authority, not to have 7, Review of CI.A. Activities
Ga @ebeise And the substantial savngs ~standby; wage and price authority: Tve
Q. Mr, President, on that same sub- defense spending that will stiil Jeave not made any proposal to' Mr. Meany ject; you said earlier that YOII review uS muscle will be jn such as or any other labor leader nor to any the standardization of weapons; representative of industry or manufac- of CIA. activities had found nothing
range planning, a more businessiike ai- turing: But I. will retain the option in
illegal or improper and Yeitilatee later said
location of defense contracting; an
as- the future of assessing what we need
that these activities are and
sessment; of the defense contracts for to do to control infiation. proper: Isn't that a value judgment that
construction or repair already out- I've emphasized always the word the American public might like IO
standing: "voluntary- And to the extent that share? But how can if refuse
A reassessnient of priorities of the I can arrive at a common understand- to' give them any idea of Wat
evolution of new weapons which in the with industry and labor leaders that have discovered dur',g this review
future can become enormously
expen- a certain amount of cooperation and
about payments, including ones made
Give; 2 Jonger assignment Of military information can: be exchanged before in secret?
personnel to a base before are a maajor proposal is made. I think that's A That is a value judgment; It's madc
transferred; sonie emphasis on the cof-
a legitimate pursuit of mine: I can't by the independent Intelligence Over-
rection %f inequities and unfairnesses force it" It's got,to be voluntary: And sight Board, which was established and
in the retirement system that's as far as I can go with my an-
appointed by President Ford; This
These obviously can't be done swer_
bcard has made itself available to thc
in three weeks, but they_ will: be an
Inspector General and to any € mployce
ongoing effort on part; And I think 5; Wage-Price Guidelines within the C.IA. or within thc defense
the 1979 budget;
WhycR
will be_my Ad- intelligence agencies or any other 10
ministratinn" frct h"Arot 31i ~15
0. You mean just directlv about wage receive even rummors of imnroorietv_
Tignt:
they
try
bly
thing
energy
hope
iay
ing
pcqe
being
Miol todryi t
[+k,) 1inng
you
be
ting;
my
get-
ting
your
along "no
along
else
you;
things
long-
they yo"
YoIi
ing _
they
things
==================================================
Page 185
==================================================
13-OOQQGsures
or mniation. TThe advisers to TUL u5 lu. 'Ia 61Uufu ^Vir Mi: wML ! yrisoned R::'z' 4 #Ts In 'w! 1
M1e on econonics are trying to assess we might predicate & successful meet- Korea, in Cuna in many countric Zin
all' Government programs and private of a threat to us.in time of war
several countries, rather, ~in $ 'ith
actions that contribute to inflationary if we don't have some of secre- America ani J'Il continic to do SO_ I
pressures_ When this 'analysis is done cy. have never had an inclination to single
I will use every means that I Im quite concerned about the num- out the Soviet Union as the only_place
aavailable to me to express ' these con- ber of people= now who have access where human rights are being abridged:
cerns and possibly corrective actions to this of -information: And I've We-have; I think, a responsibility and
to the American people:as-well. beexgrezoiotag been: very closely with the
a Jegal right to express Our disapprovat
And' the last point `is that we will leaders, yesterday and of viotations of human rights: The Hel
noe rnmnnlatp anallucic iinderway try to reduce.the overall num- I1A4 Peiskat
JoW 0n: deregulation: And the first ber
teecples
who have accegs to the sinkri Provision, insures; that ' somekof
ig the deregulation 0f the air sources of ' information: that' within the' Three Provision_ {uedtiozeeisladon
is in the , Congress_ boundgatbat_Ivecdescribed-_propriety
wes areraa s,gnatoryhafbheresesyed
We are a Signatory of the Dow_We l_besubmitting a message , an egalitj ' and American attiludes to- agreemenl: Wc are ourselves culpable to Congress very shortly on that -sub- ward secrer:y_IH do the best I can in) ways for not giving people
We will not submit administration not ever tc mnake a mistake And Iin somo
to move around our
{egislakion
because the Congress has also assum on a continuing basis adequate rights_
unnecessarily, in already moved substentially forward in 4 direct personal reponsibility for the country: or restricting
ddealing with this important issue _ operation of all the ingelligence agen- my opininn, visitation to this poouiciZ
And now Id like to answer questions. cies in our Government to make sure by those who disagree Iith us
Mr; Frank Cormier; that they are meeting these standards. ly.
Questions and Answers So I thirk that we all ought 10 take
3, Correcting: 0n CIA a position in our own countr;, and 1 Defense Budget
{ mong our friends and allies, among
Mr; President; you told the Demo- Q: If there has been erroneous infor-
our potential that human
cratic Platforin. Comiittee that mation, wouldn't it behoove yOU to cor- rights is something
tadrvg oarienictl
on we should
thought present defense expenditures rect .the record? bear 8 major responsibility for leader:
could be reduced 'by five to seven . bil- A:' In 'some ways we are correcting ship:. And 1 have made it clear to the
Jion dollars. Now I think you may have the record, but if [ began to;either dis- Soviet Union and to others in the East-
modified your_position somewhat since pute or confirm every individual story: ern European community that Tm not
then, Obviously in your: short tiine in that'$ written whether correct Or er- trying to launch a unilateral criticism
%ffice you. didntt find the opportunity roneous 'on every matter relating. to of them; that I'm trying to set a stand-
to make cuts like that in your precedes- the CIA , then these matters which ard in our own country and make my
sor's budget But isn't it also likely 'are necessarily secret would no longer concerns cxpressed throughout the
that next year's budget for the defense be secret, so Imnot going to comment world, singled out against any par-
will exceed this year's on individual items that relate to intel- ticular country.
A Well because of inflationary pres - ligence. Mr. President; the other day.
sures `and bbecause of an impossibility Q
back to this CIA. thing, when ~of assessing the potential threat to our 4, Difference With Meany
broke Press Secretary . country_from other nations, its hard thhenstoey
issued what amounted Lo 3 to predict exactly what the level of
Mr; Presidenl; 'George Meany says
the White House idefense spending will be: In the short he won't g0 along with your idea for "no comment" by
this had
time that we had available to work pre-notification on wage and price in- someone asked #im if stor whea
on the previous: Administration's budg- creases. And my question really is; how
bokeveraciumninig }checesigengn
ould
et about three weeks of hard work - hard are you going to press Mc, Meany YOU were running for p Aua
we were able to reduce the suggested to g0 along and do you have anything you have given a
donilaknosponse?
expenditures by almost $3 billion. I else in mind that you could use in the he said well [ don't` know can
think about $2.75 billion: way of Government involving itself to I ask YOIl, what would have beer: you:
This was done~and I think Senator try to control inflation? response? Would it have: been thc
Stennis in his recent public statements A I announced earlier my firm comi same? A. [ don't know.
has confined that it das been done mitment not to have mandatory wage 7. Review of CI.A.'Activities
without weakening our own defense and price laws 0r authority, not to have
capability: And the substantial savings ~standby wage and price authority: Ive Mr, President, on that same sub-
in defense spending that will still leave not made any_proposal to Mr; Meany ject;` you said earlier that yOUl' Teview
muscle will be jn such things as or ' any other labor leader nor to any of CiA; activities had found nothing
the standardization of weapons_ long- representative of, industry or manufac illegal or improper and later said
range planning; & more businesslike ai- turing: But I will retain the option in that these aclivities are
Yeitilatete
and
location of defense contracting; an as-
the future of assessing what we need proper. Isn't that a value judgment that
sessment; of the defense contracts for to do to control inflation the American public might like to
construction or repair already out- Ive emphasized always the word share? But how can if yo refuse
standing: "voluntary And to the extent that to' give_ them any idea of witat YOII
A reassessnlent of priorities of the I can arrive at a common understand- have discovered dur ng this review
evolution of new weapons which in the with industry and labor leaders that about payments, including ones njade
future can become enormously expen- a certain amount of cooperation and in secret?
sive; a longer assignment of' military information can be exchanged before
A That is a value judgment; It's madc
personnel to a base before are a
major proposal is made: I think that's by the independent Intelligence Over;
transferred; some emphasis on the cOf- a legitimate pursuit of mine: I can't sight Board ,, which was established and
rection of inequities and unfairnesses force it: Its got,to be voluntary: And appointed by President Ford. This
in the retirement system: that's as far as [ can g0 with my an- bcard has made itself available to the
These obviously can't be done swer_ Inspector Guneral and to any € mployce
in three weeks, but wil: be an Gluidelines within the CIA_ or within thc defense
ongoing effort on part_ And I think 5. Wage-Price
intelligence agencies or any other to
the 1979 budget;
WhcRawili bd nyhird
You mean just directly about wage receive even rumors of impropriety.
ministration's first budget; will show and price "guidelines" which might be They have assessed these operations_
these improvements to a substantial de- How is that for an idea? They,made their inquiries in the past,
gree. voluntweli
A. I think rigid guidelines are which is in accordance with a11 execu- Q . Will; next year's defense budget
9 mistake. If we said, for instance, that tive order issued by President Ford lo
actually . be lower, then than the One no Price incrcase Or no wage increase the Attorney Gencral of the Unitcd
that you just revised: A. I can't say could exceed 6 percent this would be States and also to thc President_
ect; too restrictive: It would be contrary J have read that correspond "lie Ht's
2. CIA; Accountability t0 my own philosophy of Government quite voluminous and think that il's
and [ think that because of the diversi- accurate to say that .Senator Inouye'5
Q Do you think dt ` was proper for' ty of our society and the fact that it committee in the Senatc and thle appro-
the CIA_ to pay off Hussein and is a free enlerprise' system, ve priate commitlces in the House have
other foreign leaders? And what steps to have some fiexibility: also received this irformation in the
are you taking to make yourself more But Id prefer to 'deal with these past_
knowledgcable_ and more accountable problems ihat arise on increasing I have talked to Senator Inouye and
what the CIA_ does? prices on an individual bases and I also he confirms what Je just (old yt)u.
A. Well, Tve adopted a policy which prefer, 0f course, to work harmoniously And I think he would also conurm that
;r :
ing
degree
have
toarx
ing
Errors
you
not
5 get-
ting { your
Qanez
KT@1
us
they
ing
they
things
they
you' t got King
for
==================================================
Page 186
==================================================
13-00000
HURSDAY FEBRUARY 24, 1977
K 2c hLiIcLs+
Ference on Foreign and Domestic Matters
But I will work with Congress on was a Waste You also promised to; cic#
the deregulation: of natural gas as a_ the waste out of the defense budget ,
part ,of an overall energy policy. By When would you expect to stop
April 20 I think we']l be' prepared to production of the B-l as opposed t0
present to' you, the news media; research and 'development 01 the B-I?
the people and the Congress more A I think I cut out about more than
specific proposals involvif direct 5200 million from the B-l program-in:
degislation' proposals that answcr the budget just submitted to the Con;;'
your question more fully. gress; I have serious questions about
whether or not the B-l ought to be 13. Euergy Program Sacrifices_
in the future the center of our airborne:
Q. Mr; President; We've been told that defense capability.
the central thrust of your new energy ~-have several more months befora
program will involve saciifice and 1 have to make a decision that mat:
voluntary: conservation, yet the public's. ter and the National Security Council,
always reading stories in.the paper of which combines, as you know State,
how the major oil: comparies are with- Treasury, Defense and 'ther elements
holding natural gas So Id like to ask of the Government,; working very closez
how are you going to expect the public ly with me, is now making a complete
to make 'sacrifices wlen there's such reassessment of the need for the B;k;
widespread public suspicion;about the bomber. 'rn role of the oil companies in the energy I don't know whether we will decide:
crisis: to go on with it or not; And I dontb;
A I think the comprehensive nature know whether we'Il expedite produc::
of the proposal that takes in all these tion of it or not; at this time. 14 very disparate and sometimes conflict- Part of the factor to be assessed ds_
elements at one time and a the attitude of the Soviet Union: If;wec range,projection of our needs and 8 can have a general lessening of tension;
tangible demonstration to the Ameri:
1 demonstrated commitment On their"
can people, to the extent that Im able part toward disarmament it would car:
to put it forward, that there wIll be tainly make it less likely that we would direct ` ultimate benefits to them will ahead with the B-l_
be the elements that will ` cause them g0
to make those sacrifices_ At the same
But T can't answer that question untib
The New York Times/Tercsa Zabala time I:want to increase the surety that I complete my own study, and I thinki
cutive Office Buiding in Washington
we have that the reserve supply data that would have to be terminated 'by:
the' impropriety or the illegality does given to us by the oil companies and the end of May.
not exist on any ongoing CIA opera- others are accurate_ 18. Campaign Financing Law
tion: We are now conducting some admit-
tedly . superficial studies and aoctbeacy Q_ Mr. President; I was a little uncleaf
8. Problems With Congress Cecil Andrus in Interior also they'il about what you re going to propose:
be followed by more detailed studies in the campaign finance aw. Are YQu Q: Mr President, Charles Kirbo, under Dr.
'SCkibsingere
to see whether saying that yOU will propose to 'have friend Charles Kirbo seems to feel that or not the reserve supplies are ade- all Congressional elections publicly fi you re going to be having contlnuing quate and' whether or not the oll com- nanced? A That's my preferenge, yes problem with the Congress and that panies are,giving us accirate data. I ~Q Is that what you will propose you Il have to gO over Congress'$ head think it's obvious to all of uS that there Congress? A The Vice President
28s7188
to the people in order to results_ are some instances where natural gas doing a study on a complete election Is this true? is withheld from the market; That's package. And Id like to reserVe A I think if you, read thne whole understandable: If I was running an own judgment until 1 see what his statement that Mr: Kirbo made, which oil company I would reserve the right
reyort
is to me_ But that's my 'bWn', is just 2
private citizen $ opinion, he
to release or to reserve some supplies inclination. It's a position that 1 took would that every President has had of natural gas_
arguments and debates and disagree- With the
during the campaign and so far,I 'Have_
ments with the Congress. And I think the
emergency' legislation that no reason to change my mind_
#ii Congress did pass, I think in about
that's inevitable in our system of Gov- a week of assessment the frigid 19. Foreign Policy Turntable
ernment: That's part f the checks and part of the winter_-it's still very cold 3. balances that's very precious to us.all, we were given some authority to Q. You gave uS a kind of a timetable
1 have found up to now "a growing: extra gas at a very high price: This for domestic program in YOII pre-
sense of cooperation with the Congress_ is obviously a transcient: circumstance. liminary statement 1 wonder if you
I think last week when [ was asked But I believe the American people have a similar timetable of what ydu
'Toughly the same question that the will be, willing to make,the sacrifices hope to achieve in foreign policy be-
troubles were perhaps underestimated required, if are convinced that fu- tween now and the end of the year;
by the news media- I think now per- ture reports wiil be accurate, that sup- such as Middle East peace, Cyprus,,the,
haps the troubles with the Congress plies will not be withheld from the mar- treaty with Panama_
are overestimated. I have frequent ket and if we can let the oil companies A Of course I can't answer that
meetings with the Congressional jead- know in a predictable way what our question specifically because 1_ don}t
ers both Democratic . and Republican: 'policy will be two months or two years know what cooperation we will
And I think that the progress of the or:20 years in the future _within the from other nations and I don't,know;
legislation that we consider to be cru- bounds of human reason-~then I think what the inclination of those nations
cial which seemed to be moving VOy they'Il be much less likely to withhold in ' disputed regions of the world want
slowly in the past is nowv up_ supplies of oil and natural gas from to do toward one another_
So I don't believe that 'IL the market just hoping that they'Il Secretary Cyrus ` Vance has just re;
nearly the problems with the Congress sonte bonanza increased price `in the turned from what I consider to be a that has been the case in recent years future if the policies do very successful trip to the Middle:East-,
And I have to say in summary that He not only probed with the head;:
Iam very pleased with my relationship 14. Rise in Gasoline Tax those Governments and their Cabinet
with the Congress now. Q. Another question, sir, on the sacri- members their own positions, both pub:'
9. The Election Process fices that you Say your upcoming ener- lic and private on the controversial
gy program is going to demand Is it issues that have So far prevented;a'
Q Mr. President, in view of your likely that one of: those sacrifices is peace in the Middle East; He also had'
assignment to Vice President Mondale going to come in the form' of a largely a chance to compare their positions
regarding the election laws, could you increased Federal gasoline tax? on issues-_which ones found tq
give us your sir, on the direct
TT A. I don't know hOw to answer vour be in harmony, which ones there was
Yts-
paqe
To p
and
on
ing Jong-
your
get
law
say
during
buy
your
they
get
speedinave
we' get
change.
of,
they
view:
==================================================
Page 187
==================================================
13-00000
Vt' > SULLCSSIul trip [Otne MiaUic Lanl i
Jul 4 LIjO-ryils uu COOIb96 with the heady: of,
And havc to say `in summary that not only probed
Iam very pleased with my relationship 14. Rise in Gasoline Tax those Governments and their Cabinct
with the Congress now. Q. 'Another question, sir, on the sacri-
members their own positions, both
lic and privale on the controvcrsial
9. The Clection Process fices that you say your upcoming ener;
issues that have So far preveated .'a'
Mr. President, in view of your
gy prograin is going to demand Is it peace in the Middlc East_ He also had
Q
Mondale likely that one of those sacrifices is
chance to compare their positions assignment to Vice President going to come in the form' of a largely a issucs-_which ones they.found tq: regarding the election laws could you increased Federal gasoline tax? on
which, ones there was give us your view sir; on the direct A I don't know how to answer your be in harmony,
election 'of a President versus the Elec- questions about: specifics of the propos- still a dispute_ leaders -0f aji
toral Collegc; And also do' you think al. I want to make this clear. The pur- We also invited the
that the public financing should be ex- pose 0f the energy policy evolution those nations to mect with me. .They
tended to Congress as We}l as the Presi- is not to cause ` sacrifice or hardship have ai; cccptcd :# wil} bc ~cing
dency? the American people:Unless I
with the heads of the nations in dispute
A There are three basic questions camong
demonstrate that in balance the in the Middle East, all of them, before
that come up. In the first place, I do sacrifices in a certain area the end of The` first visit of :one
favor at least an automatiic vote by
temRoraovercorific innedataimnarea of those leaders will he Mr _ Rabin. [
Presidential electors once the timate benefits then nobody's going to belicve March 12. And he will be fol;
election is completed [think the Elec- it.
lowed by the leaders from Egypt, from
toral Colllege; for instance, should be And I believe' that we've. npw
Jordan and from Syria, from Saudia
eliminated: Whether ` the ratio among such a horrible conglomerationion cor; Arabia rand I look forward to 'meeting
states of votes to be changed fusion in the energy field that nobody with them.
have. & Im not.prepared to comment on now kiore what? Gcin? to herpen: #ext At that Doint I hope I will
i/2 #i ling ot Longres - So I think that tkc sacrifices wilfibe very elear: picture: n&: wnal Wc the
sional elections by public funds_it has far overcome by: thc benefits that the American Government ought towDlay:
Proved to be successful, 1 believe;_in American- people ei/4 be easily-able to The: same thing applies. to the situa;
7 the Presldential election: [ strongly" discern for themsel: S.
tion that exists between ourselves.and
favor that, And the other element Turkcy, ourselves and Greece,, our-
of the overall package would be a sim - 15. U.S: Ro? op Canada selves and Cyprus 0' ple way: for American pecple whocare Q. You said that in spite of the fact We can't impose our will an other
citizens and 18 years old toregister that the: Canadian would have people: But if they honestly want to
to vole: And am committed to that
to determine their future for them- seek a solution, we are perfectly -will-
proposition the Vice President has
selves, particularly in regard to the 1o offer Our good offices as a coun:
graciously consented to ttake On this separatism issue in Quebec that :you with influence aid interest to help
overail eiection process responsibility:
had' confidence that the issue would them resolve their own differences: But
Those three will,be basic elements o be straightened out Felatively peaceful- it's got to be done primarily by those
thle proposals. Do you really think that" there is countries involved: and within
Cuba
ittle
concern in this country about the We have begun again,
10. Relations With
future of a unified Canada and is there the last week, Our discussions on ,the
Q Mr. President, are you:, prepared anything really- that we can d about Panama Canal Treaty: We have two
to jift the trade embargo 'against Cuba it? extremely negotiators and I:hope
as one step toward normalizing rela- A= There's a
great deal of concern that we will have success there: There $,
tions? in this country about the future of no way that I can say at this poinit
A, I think any substantial move in Canada and I have complete confi- what degree of progress we have made;
our relationship with Cuba would hava dence, as I said in an interview with Isjust beginning_
ato await further discussions with themv the Canadian news media in the So throughout the areas of high dis-
indirectly, and , also some tangible_evi- judgment %f the Canadian people: pute; including Sonth Africa and others
"dence on 'our part that they arc willing Tm familiar -~and even more famillar that I don't have time to mention we're
to restore basic human rights in, Cuba, today than_ I was two ago after probing as best we can to discern some
involving the number' of Prisoners who Prime Minister Trudeau's visit_with possibility of resolution of those ten-
are
being held, their attitude _ toward the problems in Quebec and the inclina- Sion areas.
overseas adventures such as the one tion of some of the French Canadians We are meeting today, in fact ' all
In Angola, and other matters. So I can't to have an independent status from the this week with the British, to try tq
say what might come in the future. rest of Canadian Provinces: get 0 renewed proposal to make con-
Tm willing, though, to discuss these I don't know what's going to be the_ cerning the question Rho-
matters with the Cuban leaders At this ultimate ` outcome. But I believe that desia. And then of course we stiil"
lime we have mo direct relationships
We are so closely tied together with
have left Nambia and , uitimately:ma
Fith them, political, But through inter: Canada on a mutually beneficial basis, jority rule question ir South Africa:
mediarics comments are being ex- sharing : problems, sharing : opportuni- But I've only been in office a month_
thanged back ,and forth: Most of my- ties, sharing trade, sharing manufactur- I don't claim to know all the easy an:
tomments are in public statements like 'companies that have joint owner- swers. And these, questions.that have
his, but we do have messages coming ship, our exchange of 'energy sources; are not going to be easy to snlve But
back from people who visit Ouba. our 'sharing 0f the St; Lawrence Sea - we'te going to do the best we can oper;
way_ the Great Lakes as far as water Jy and forcefully offering our good
11. Defense Savings Goal : poliution is concerned , the bringing % services, not trying to impose our:will
Q_ In answer to an earlier 'question, Alaskan oil and natural gas 'down to on olher pcople:
Mr, President; said that you could us that we have to have a continu- Thank you, Mr. President
nt; say whether next year s defense relationship with Canada,
budget will be lower or higher than My own personal preference would
ihis SS But a5 I understood your be that the commonwealth stay a9 it
Carter Errs on Rabin
tarlier postion; You did want to-achieve is and that tAere not be 1 separate
4 five to seven billion dollar savings Quebec province' But that's & decision
And U S.-Uganda Ties
{egardless of the overall Jevel of spena, for the Canadians to make and I would
pg; Do hold with that figure? certainly make no private or public WASHINGTON, Feb. 23 (AP)~Presi-
Is that still goal and a commit- move to try to determine the outcome dent Carter made two errOrs in , his
ment? of that great debate. news oonference today, which the
A Yes. The analyses that Ive made White House staff later corrected_
Yf the defense budget So far__which i6. Keeping Campaign Promises
Mr_ Carter used a wrong dalte ` for j5 you know has been limited to about: Q. Mr: President, you've had @ month the forthcomiing visit to the United month"s Study just Part-time _indi-
now to enjoy the , view from . the Oval States of Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin
late that that' s a goal , that will be Office. Do you think you'Il be able ta of Israel: The President said that
feached. keep Padey all: the campaign promises
thought the visit would taka place
12. Natural Gas Deregulation Yo4 Tadyou know,
we have issued what
Maroe White -
House later corrected that
Q. Mr. President, in letters to the I believe is the complete book %f my to say "the proposed visit is tentatively
zovernors of Oklahoma, Texas and campaign; promises which is, 1 pre - planned for March 7 and 8 J} louisiana last October; you said uncon- sume, being made available to ali %f The White House also corrected the
Jitionally that would work with you: My determination is to keep all Presidenit's statenent that the: United tongress to deregulate new natural ahose promises; States does not have diplomatic rela:
Bas. And I wondered 'if you ' planned Obviously if circumstances should tions with Uganda:
Jo keep that promise, and if SO how change I would have to reserve the "This is not strictly accurate, the
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Page 188
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13Q0QQungress
45 &s lIie rfeol- is not to cause "sacrifice or liave al; accepted *64 ! wil} b? fceting
ency?
three basic questions among the American people:
Uatesnig
Unless with the heads of the nations in dispute.
A_ There are
1 do can dentonstrate that "in balance the in the Middle East; all of them, before
1at come up. In' the first place,
temporary sacrifices in a certain area the end of The first visit of 'one'
[vor at least an automatic vote by are far overcome by immediate and ul- of those leaders Will be Mr. Rabin L residentia] electors once the
Etec- timate benefits then nobodys going to believe, March 12. And he_will be fol:
ection is completed: [think the it. lowed by the_leaders from Egypt, from
ral Colllege,, for instance, should: be
And I believe" that npw got Jordan `and" Trom Syria, from' Saudia
iminated_ Whether the ratio among such a horrible
cotkeiomeea8gh
of:con; 'Arabiarand 1 .look forward to 'meating
-ates of votes ought to be changed fusion in the energy field that nobouy with' them:
m not prepared;to comnrent on now krewc JIT hatls_3ciC: to herzee sext. At that point 1 hope; I will have: &:_
elections } :lici iCing UI iongres - So 'I think that tke' sacrifices Will be very iclear_ Picture .02 wnal {ule tbe
onal by public funds-~it has far overcome by:the benefits that the 'American Government; ought towplay::
roved to be successful, I believe; in American-peoplevtil-be-easily-able to The same thing :applies to the.aitua;
1e 'Presidential election_ I strongly discern for themsel_"s: tion that' exists between ourselves; and
Ivor that, yes. And the other element Turkey: ourselves and Greece, our- the overall package would be a sim - 15. U:S: Rolx op' Canada selves:and Cyprus,
le way. for American perple who are
Q You said that in spite of the fact We can't impose our will an other
ntizens and 18 years old t9 regisler that the. Canadian 'eople would have people_ But if they want to
vole. And I am commitied to that
to determine their future for them- seek: a solution, we are
honeerfectly
wiil- ~oposition and the Vice President has
selves, pare in regard to the to offer our good offices as a coun:
fsgkt--
raciously consented to 'take "On this separatism
Fticsuerh
issue Quebec that .you try with influence and interest to help hose threctioil tocbasicespensntlity;
had confidence that the issue would them resolve their own differences But
hose three will, be basic elements be straightened out relatively peaceful- it's to be done primarily by those
Ie proposals.
Do really think 'that there is countries involved
10. Relations With Cuba
{Ytle
concern in this country about the We have' begun again , and withia
0 Mr, President, are you , prepared future of a unified Canada and is there the week; Our discussions on ,the
iift the trade embargo against Cuba anything really: that we can do about Panama Canal Treaty: We have
one step toward normalizing rela- it? extremely_good negotiators and hope
A There's a great deai of concern that we wili have success there: There $,
2n5? I think
substantial move in in this: country about the future of no way that I can say at this point A, any
would have Canada and I have complete confi- what degree of progress we have made;
1r Telationship with Cuba dence, as I said in an interview with Ksjust beginning;
await further dliscussions with them the Canadian news mledia in the sound So throughout the areas of high dis:
directly, and aalso sone tangible_evi-
judgment %f the Canadian people: pute,_including South Africa and others
ence on our part that they are willing
Im familiar ~and even more famillar that I don't have time to mention We re restore basic human rights in, Cuba, today than I was two days ago after probing as best we can todiscern some volving the number of prisoners who
Prime . Minister Trudeau' s visit_~with possibility of resolution of those ten-
"e held, their attitude toward the problems in Quebec and,the inclina - Sion areas.
rerseas adventures such as the one
and other matters. So I can't tion of some of the French Canadians We are meeting today,_ in fact ' alL
Anwolt
come in the future. to have an independent status from the this week with the ' British, to, try.to
might rest of Canadian Provinces get a renewed proposal to make con- im willing, though, to discuss these I don't know what's going to be the cerning the question surrounding Rho-
atters with the Cuban Jeaders_ At this ultimate` outcome: But I believe that desia. And then of course weil ' stiil
me we have no direct relationships
we are so closely tied together, with have" left Nambia and ultimately ma-
D+qe
ith them, political; But through inter-
Canada on a mutually beneficial basis, jority rule question in South Africa:;
3
ediarics comments are being_ ex- sharing problems, sharing . opportuni- But Ive only been in office a month:
anged back and forth. Most of my ties, sharing trade, sharing manufactur- I don't claim to know all the easy an: smments are in public statements like
companies that have joint owner- swers. And these questions.that have
iis but we do have messages coming
ship, our exchange of 'energy sources, are not going to be easy to solve.' But
Ick from people who visit Ouba,
our 'sharing of the St: Lawrence Sea - wette going to do the best we can oper;
11. Defense Savings Goal . the Great Lakes &S far a5 water ly and forcefully offering out
Q In answer to an earlier "question,
polyutioe
is concerned, the bringing of services; not trying to impose our will EotTo n1
could- Alaskan oil and natural gas down to on olher people.
D. President; you said that you us that we have got to have a continu- Q Thank you, Mr. President
t whether nest year's defense relationship with Canada;
Jdget will be lower or higher than My own personal preference would
is year's_ But 25 I understood your be' that the commonwealth stay as it
Carter Errs on Rabin:
Irlier postion, yqu did want to achieve is and that tAere not be 1 separate five to seven Dillion 'dollar savings Quebec province: But that's a decision AndU S.-Uganda Ties:
'gardless of the overall Jevel of spend- for the Canadians to make and [ would
8 Do you still 'hold with that figure? certainly make no private or public
that still your goal and a commit- move to to delermine the outcome WASHINGTON, Feb. 23 (AP)_Presi:'
ent? of that great debate: dent Carter made two errors in . his:
A_ Yes. The analyses that I've made news conference today, which the"
the defense budget SO far_which 16. Keeping Campaign Promises White House staff later corrected
you know has been limited to about:
Q: Mr: President, ve had a month Mr: Carter used a wrong dalte ' for
month's study just part-time_indi-
now to enjoy: the view from . the Oval the forthcom visit 'o the United.
te that that's a goal that will be Office: Do you think you'Il be able to States of Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin;
'ached: all. the campaign promises of Israel, The President said thatt he
you
Pnadez
thought the visit would take place' 12. Natural Gas Deregulation March' 12. A. As you know, we have issued what
Q Mr: President; in letters to the I believe is the. complete book of my The White House later corrected that;"
)vernors of Oklahoma, Texas and campaign . promises, which is, I pre -
to say 64 'the proposed visit is tentatively
Juisiana last October, you said uncon- sume, being made available to ali 0f planned for March 7 and 8_
tionally that you would work with you: determination is to keep all The White House also corrected the
ongress to deregulate new natural those promises President's statement that the United;
15_ And I wondered iF planned Obviously if circumstances should States does not have diplomatic rela:
keep tlat promise, and if SO how change I would have to reserve the tions with Uganda.
Ju wiil go about it? right to go back to the American people "This is mot strictly accurate;" the
A. I don't know how IIl g: 'about and say now that circumistances have correction said, explaining:
[do try to keep my promiscs The changed this a better approach to that "While the: United States hls with-`
Jsition that I have taken, and Ahe particular problem: But I will do my drawn ibs mission from Uganda anc
Jsition.that the governors of Oklaho- utmost to keep all the campaign prom- has no direct diplomatic representalion
3 and Texas took at governors con- ises that I made to the American peo- there, United States affairs in 'the
:rences l0 which I was referring, was ple:: Republic of Uganda are carried out
ie deregulation of natural gas for a 17. through the West German embassy and
mited period of Lime; four (0 five Production of B-l
the Republic of Uganda has an eperal-
ears, to sec how it works out, leaving Q Mr: Prcsident, you said at various ing embassy; and charge d'affaires ` In
xisting contracts in Aflect; times during the campaign that the B-] Washington.
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May.
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Page 189
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13-00000
A7
WASHINGTON POST
0 CIA Admits
to
4
Raise Sub
By Timothy S. Robinson
Waahtnston Post Stett Writer
The Central Intelligence Agency example, Gesell was forced to
has finally acknowledged publicly issue a secret opinion In the case last _
that it was "involved" in the Glomar October that even the . attorneys in-
volved stil have not been able to Explorer's attempts to raise a sunken read. The opinion was Issued in that
Russian submarine from: the Pacific secret fashion upon direct orders of
Ocean floor: the U.S: Court of Appeals, which in-
The terse acknowledgement came in structed Gesell to accept secret affi-
a cqurt_document filed in. the US:
davits from.high-level government of-
ficials concerning the case
Court of Appeals by thbe Justice De Public affidavits filed at the time by
partment two weeks ago. The docu- former President Ford;s top national
ment asked that a suit against 'the security adviser; Lt_ Gen: Brent Scow-
CIA by a private group concerning croft, said .disclosures of the CIA in-
the Glomar's financing be sent back volvement or other details, about the
to a lower court for turther hearings ~
project 'might prompt other nations
offended by the project to retaliate The filing marks an abrupt change against the United States
from the previous position taken ` by 'Scowcroft "said "that retaliation the Justice Department in the 18 iight take the: form 0f ; strong meas:
month-old case that the mere acknowl- ures" that might "endanger U.S mili--
edgement of the CIA's involvement in tary and diplomatic personnel and_ the project would be harmful to na- businessmen overseas "
tional security- Although' the - CIA's
operation of the project hag been re- The federal government had previ:
ported in numerous publications, the ously acknowledged only that the ship
agency bas been adamant in its re-
was:part; of a 1969 classified .U.S. gov-
fusal to 'say publicly whether those re ernment' project accomplish cer
ports Were true: tain secret tasks in furtherance of na:
tional security_objectives:
The case brought by the nonprotit
Military Audit Project, which moni-
tors spending by the defense and in-
telligence esta blish ments, has In-
volved an unprecedented amount: of
secret court: proceedings as the CIA
attempted to prove ' the need for sec
recy to U.S. District Court Judge Ger:
hard A. Gesell The suit -seeks the fi-
nancial details 0f the Glomar project
Geavk
tle
Thene uwe
Gwee= Working
Mc;eleT'
76
For
"to