Transcript of 104-10433-10209.pdf
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49 aaao 2025 RELEASE UNDER THE PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY ASSASSINATION RECORDS
ACT OF 1992
ZE-IDER WILL CHECK CLA_EIFICATION TOP AND BOTTOM
UNCLASSIFIED CONFIDERML:, SECRET
OFFICIAL ROUTING SLIP
To NAME AND ADDres9 DATE INITIALS
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FOLD HerE To RETURN TO SENDER Ma
FROM: Name; Adorl38 AND PHONe No_ Date
M3 Yetet
CONFIDENTIAL SEECRET
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13-00000
'WCIASSIFIED INTERNAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
USE ONLY
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
SUBJECT: '(Optional) 13 REQUEST NUMBER
2 16- 382 Hxetu Lutee Jwking
Jaseees
EXTENSION DATE SENT TRole =s _der MAer
IBJNE
0/DO/FIO
OPdlgafs
SUSPENSE DATE
TO: (Oftficer dosignation, toom number , ord DATE building) OFFICER'$ COMMENTS (Numbor each commont to show whom
INITIALS 0 whom: Drow Iina Ocro31 column attor ooch commooi.) RECEIVED FORWARDED
OPSTTTG
Toz~
ATTN: Mary Meran
C Tube ES - 2
2
8 k
kdun
=
3
4
bzlz Jrk_
5.
nadl 40
Sorwe V2
6
Sl~ps thot
3 % Jvi 3378 cre '0 hs as
C/oPs/ITG (at Fot Soma
8
9_ DDO /(FIO att Anne tte 1CT No. record of subject
tube $ CT-5 2B1415
No info identifiable
with subject
Rl See attached memorandum
4_
12.
Fask _ e' _
RETurn To ,
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
FORM 3749 SECRET CONFIDENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLA;
1 -75, USE ONLY
0 P . 1 2
00 PH "
YeoBt
from
Le
18 JIN 1976
1 H
UFX
034
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13-00000
SONFVDENTIAL
2 7 JUL 1976
MEMORANDUM FOR : Privacy and Information Officer , DDO
SUBJECT : Weisberg Request (Martin Luther King, Jr.)
Part I
REFERENCE 76-F-382
1 This office maintains a three volume sensitive
(unofficial file on the Subject_ We no longer maintain
201 file (201-760966) Dr King 5 files and documents
were closed out on 6 November 1974 and forwarded to IP
files on 25 May 1976 _ A further check f other records
in this office revealed the following information relevant
to the Subject _ While a large number of documents are
available which mention the majority are dated after
his death and in some way are related to world reaction to
his assassination which was on 4 April 1968 prior to the
implementation of the MHCHAOS program, 4
Juiy
1968 .
a _
The following overt items (excerpts from books
published) are considered releasable to the requestor_
There are no exemptions _ Black Power/White Resistance ,
(EX-3283) by Fred Powledge; The_Negro Revolt, (EX-3267)
by Louis E Lomax; Ghetto Rebellion to Black Liberation,
(EX- 3212) by Claude M. Lightfoot; Is Anybody Listening
to Black America, (EX-3573) by C Eric Lincoln; Martin
Luther. Jr (EX-3670) by William Robert Miller;
SNCC The New
Abolitionists,
(EX-2108) by Howard Zinn;
The Black Muslims in America (EX-2109) by C_ Eric
Lincoln Negro
and Jew, (EX-3573)
by Shloma Katz; Chrooicies
of Black Protest, (EX-3439) by Dr C_ Eric
Lincoln; The Black Messiah (Ex-3669) by Albert B
Cleage , Jr. ; Black Power and White Protestants (EX-3211) ,
by Joseph C Hough, Jr ;
The Negro Mood, (EX-Zi27)
by
Lerome Bennett Jr Black Man S
Burden, (EX-3571) by
John Oliver Kiilens ; When Negros March, (EX-3577) by
Doc's U-33
ES_ impdet CL ev
DSK723
CONFIDENTIAL
King,
King
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13-00000
CONFIDENTIAL
Herbert Garfinkel; Black Man S America (EX-3208) by
Simeon Booker; Staff Study by The
Committee
on Internal
Security; (EX-4866) dated 1970; Testimony of Gerald
Wayne Kirk Hearings of the Committee on the Judiciary,
(EX-7044) i970; Hearings
Before the Committee on Un -
American Activities, (Ex-2131) 1968 ; Riots Civil and
Criminal Disorders , Hearings before the Sub-Committee
on Investigations, (EX-2169) June 20 and 21 1968 ;
The New Left Memorandum prepared for the Committee
on the (EX-3535) 9 October 1968 ; Na tional
Review, 3 May The Rebel (published in Exile)
9
May-June 1967 The New World of Negro Americans
9 (EX-3571) by Harold R. Isaacs ,
b_ The following overt items which mention the
Subject and/or his activities are not available in this
office_
Washington Star, dated 14 August 1968
Washington Star
9
dated 4 February 1969
Washington Star dated 8 May 1968
Star dated 14 April 1968 Mashingte
Star
9
dated 20 January 1969
Washington Star dated 10 November 1968
Washington Star dated 29 March 1969
Soul Newspaper (EX-36532
1_ December 1969
New York Time= dated 13 April 1967
New York Times dated 18 August 1968
New York Times dated 5 October 1969
Time
9
dated 12 ApN1 1968
Liberation News , daked November 196 7
Committee Newsletter dated May 1967
D.C Catholic Standar dated 18 July 1968
Militant(pg_ 5) datee 22 November 1968
Ottawa Citizen,
dated
1 December 1968
Sepia (pg= 66)
{1934 4esa
December 1969-destroyed
Jet Magazine (pg. 17)
9 7 August 1967 -
destroyed
The Black Panther (pg_ 10) dated 1969
Washington Post, dated 1 Septenker 1967
Washington Post, dated 15 Novembar 1968
Washington Post, dated 28 June 1948
Washington Post, dated 26 1968
Washington Post, dated 24 December 1968
2
CONFLDENTIAL
Juaiti: 57962}
May
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13-00000
CONFIDENTHAL
Nashington Post, dated 14 December 1968
Washington Post , dated 19 November 196 8
Washington Post dated 22 September 1968
Washington Post, dated 17 August 1968
Washington Post = dated 29 March 1968
Washington Post dated 20 March 1968
Washington Post, dated 24 May 1968
Washington Post, dated 17 November 1968
Washington Post, dated April 1968
Washington Post dated 12 May 1968
Washington Post, dated 1 April 1968
Washington Post dated 14 March 1969
The following overt items pertaining to the
Assassination of Dr Martin Luther King, Jr are
releasable to the requestor_ There are no exemptions .
Look 15 April 1969; Washington Star ,_ 24 April 1968 ;
12 March 1969; 13 March 1969 17 March 1969; 20 March
1969; 23 March 1969; 24 March 1969; 1 April 1969;
2 April 1969; 4 April 1969; 13 April 1969; 24 April
1969 ; 27 1969; 16 1969 ; 31 1969 ; New
York Times 10 March 1969 7 March 1969; 8 March 1969;
14 March
1969;
16 April {9691-188, 23 1969; 24 1969;
26 May 1969; 1 June 1969; 3 January 1969;
Washington Post_ 3 January
1969; i8
January 1969;
28 1969 31 January 1969 ; 8 February 1969;
8 March
IJzcha19699691
March 1969; Tass International Service =
9 .
11 March 1969; Daily World 12 March_ 1969; Washington
Post, 12 March 1969; 13 March 1969; 17 March 1969;
18 March 1969; 20 March 1969; 22 March 1969 ; 23 March
1969; 26 March 1969; 8 April 1969; 12 April 1969;
Item from News Dispatches 1969; The Sunday Star 16
March 1969; Item from Associated Press 8 April
i969;
Associated Press _ 14 June 1969 Associated Press item,
13 May 1969 Associated Press item 14 May 1969;
Washington Post 21 1969; 23 May 1969; 21 May 1969;
27 May 1969; 26 May 1969 25 1969 16 July
30 May 1969 16 March 1969; 27 June 1969; 20 June
11969969;
26 June 1969; Washington Star; 4 May 1968; Washington
Star
9
29 1968 ; Time 13 September 1968; Washington
Post
19 September 1968; Chicago Daiiy
News Service
undated; Washington Star 18 September 1968; Washington
Star, 23 September 1968; Los Angeles Times , 7 August 1968 ;
Dofs 3tz*6
Sa Ss-puaXo _&t fau 0
Ps (LTo
~
@Qsaule i <
netaeb
3
confideNThAl
May May July
May May
May
May
May
3
0S_
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13-00000
CONFIDENTIAL
Washington Post, 16 August 1968 ; Washington Star
6 July 1968 ; Reuters London
9
6 July 1968 ; Washington
Post, 22 Juiy 1968 fime
26 July 1968 ; Washington
Star 12 April 1968; Washington Star 13 April 1968 ;
WashingtonPpost
13 April 1968 ;
Washington
Star
14 April 1968; Washington Post 14 April 1968 ;
Washington Post, 16 April 1968; Delta Democrat
Times 16 April 1968 Washington Star 17 April 1968 ;
Washington Star 18 April 1968; Washington Star 19
April 1968 ; undated item; undated item Washington
Star 23 April 1968; Washington Star
23 April
1968 ;
Wash Star 24 April 1968 ;
Washington
Post 6
1968 ; Reuters London _ undated; Reuters
'undated;
Reuters,
16 July i968;
Associated Press 9 1968;
16 July Reuters , 16 July 1968 ; Reuters 9 July
1968
UPi9682,
9 July 1968; UPI- 48
10 July i968;
UPI-129 15 1968 ; UPI-48 , 12 1968 Associated
Press
9
i7 July 1968; Reuters , 2 Associated
Press , 2 1968 Reuters undated; London 2 July
1968 UPI-30 , 2
'G8iyRe9te;skeutdzte
8
July 1968
UPI-21A 2 July 1968; UPI-125 _ 2 July 1968 ; London_
2
July i968;
London _
9
2
July_1968;
Associated Press
2 July 1968; UPI - 8 2 July 1968; London 2
July 1968;
London 2 July 1968; Reuters undated;
'Reuters
9 undated = Reuters
2
2 July 1968 Associated Press 18
1968; London , 18 1968 ; Reuters 18
Juiy 1968;
Associated Press 18 July 1968 ;
AssociEfed
Press
18 July 1968; Reuters
9
17 July 1968; Reuters , 17 July
1968 ; London= 17 July 1968 ; Associated Press . 17 July
1968 ; Reuters undated; London undated; Associated
Press _
Juiy 1968,
Reuters, 17 July 1968; Associated
Press _
9 _
17 July 1968 _
d The following docuents are releasable in
sanitized form to the requestor under the provisions
0f the Freedom of Information Act_ Excised portions
are exempt as noted. OIRT-06733 23 September 1964 ,
exempt under (b)(3) (a) ; (b) (3) (b) OIRT-06733 16
October 1964 exempt under (b) (3) (a) ; (b) (3) (b); GSCf-615702051eve]
exempt under (b) (3) (a) (b) (3) (b)
S-19 5 October
1967
exempt under (b) (3) (a) (b) (6)
S- 20 , 5 October 1967 exempt under (b) (3) (a) (b) (6)
UWCA- 3510, 11 October 1967 ex9g2 t under
{55 k3) (a) ,
(b) EX-01655_ 5
Novenber
exempt under
(b)
72 433388,
JMWAVE - 1417
26 February
1968
exempt
unaef
(a)
(6) (3) (b) ; Georgetown-50z4,
4
CONFIDENTIAL
ington
May
July
Juiy,968 July
July
July
July July
0QAa
~{uual
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CONFHDENTIAL
26 February 1968 , exempt under (b) (6) ; EX-895, 7
March 1968; exempt under (b) (6) ; Kingston-4004
6 April 1968 exempt under (b) (3) (a)
(6) (3) (b3 ,
(b) (1) 5 (B)_
{ij
;
Mexico City-5143 7 April 1968 ,
exempt under (b) (3) (a) (6).(3) (6); Tokyo-9443=
10 April 1968 exempt under (6)(3) (a), (b) (3) (b) ;
Bir 90530 ,-10 April 1968, exempt under_(b)b}fa}7
Rulf
0b}(3}fb} 7 (b) (6) ;_Mexico-5188 10-April -1968, exempt
under (b))(bl; JMWAVE - 2022
i2 April 1968 ; exempt
under (6) (3) (b) ; Berlin-2149 15 April 1968 exempt
under (b) (3) 8ir39z664 , 18
#prii-696ap- raus
exempt_under_
(635e89892!tb}to9zoveno
draft dated
26 April' 1968 exempt under (b) (3) (a) (if USIB concurs) ;
Ixd[ Eloert 4968, exempt under 045){87856 {b}(6};
Stocklelm 9824 7 June +96 8 ~exenpt_tnder
(46+6+) > (et0r B-173, 19 September 1968 exempt
under (b) (3) (b) RL-188, 13 Novenber-1968,(+) 65)7a); C /
B- 2628 21
i971,
(b) (3) (a) (b) (3) (b) (b) (6) ;
Budapest-017 , 19 May 1971 = {65 (3) (6) (55(6) ; Ex28+26 _
247 September +971, exenpt tnder(b) (3) 7b} , {0)76}
Memorandum, 28 November 1975 , exempt under (b) (3) (b) .
e
The following Top Secret (SI) documents
which mention either Dr _ or Mrs . King are held in
OPS/ITG (SI) vault:
3+0+001468 68
3/0/QOF/T151-67
3/0 /Qox/T-58-68
3t0+608+++z09-68
3+0+608+++88-09
3/0/COU+HT9-69
T57-67 3/8490Y/55716769
3/0 /QOF_ T95-67
3/0/QOF/T106-67
3+0+604444177 69
2 _ The following documents are exempt from release;
exemptions are as cited_
5
CONFIDENTIAL
May
~ALoA
-nt ;
)ea1d
hoff s
May
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13-00000
CONFIDENTIAL
Cables:
(a) Kingston-4005 , dated 8 April 1968 ; according
to (RUABBE/ 1) a Jamatcan service four groups are trying
63
to get demonstrations going against the Amembassy , but
without success; exempt under (b) (1) (5)B(1) .
(b) Bogota-0654 , dated 10 April 1968 ; (GISOY/GIJAY)
unit intercepted propaganda items from Cuban mail_pouch.
le 4 Disclosure to the requestor would identify a clandestine
method of the station for obtaining information; exempt
under (b) (3) (a) and (b) (6)
(c) Mexico City-5210 dated 15 April 1968 Para = 3
of this cable mentions an
intercepted
letter addressed to
ks President Johnson protesting the King assassination
(LITEMPO/ 12) a member of a Mexican service provided the
information; exempt under (b) (1) (S)B(1)
(d) Mexico City-5249_ dated 17 April 1968 ; the
l Legal Attache provided composite photos of suspect in
connection with King assassination and asked for check
of visitors to Soviet and Cuban embassies; exempt
under (b) (3) (a)
survefelanCogcean Foi= dated 20 April 1968 (GISOY) NY
team
foiiowed
an American National with
37 U a striking resemblance to Galt; exempt under (b) (3) (a)
and (b) (6) .
(f) Paris-9506 _ dated 22 . April 1968 ; concerns
Forman S arrival in Paris incidental reference to
the Subject; exenpt under (b) (3) (a} and (b) (6)
(g)
Naizcbi-{e%gaa dated 14 June 1968 ; source
(TGFLER/ 1) stated he an interview with Robert F
Williams Incidental reference to the Subject; exempt
under (b) (3) (a) and (b) (6)
(h) Director-48988 dated 7 November 1968;
concerns a Richard George Perrin incidental reference
to the Subject in a record
pertaining
to another subject
and should not be considered a document responsive to
the requestor; exempt under (b) (sQ (a) and (6) (6) .
6
CoNfIDENTIAL
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CONFIDENTIAL
(1) Addis Ababa - N27 _ dated 18 August 1971;
source (JEPYX -1)
entertaiued
Hosea Williams in his
home during latter' s visit to Ethiopia. Incidental
reference to the Subject; exempt under (b) (3) (a)
and (b) (6)
Dispatches; uF6T - ) k8J8_
1S Gl b 6 - 0 $
(sRasua/ k'
(ogal)
3
2
(a) OELA-48626 dated 19 January 1968; forwards
a memorandum
preparea by
(Rufus F Rodigast) which deals
with MHALPHA-related individuaks; incidental reference
to the Subject; exempt under (6)Y3) (a) and (b) (6)
(b) FJTA-53902 dated 29 January 1968 ; forwards
a
pamphlet (which also contains an article mentioning
67
Dr _ King S name) from BEHEIREN Hqs in Tokyo , obtained
by (POFRAGRANCE) a unilateral source still active and
sensitive; exempt under (b) (3) (a) and (6) (6)
(c) OEPA- 982 , dated 15 March 1968 ; forwards a
copy of recent correspondence between (QRPHONE/ 1) and
(QRPEONY/ 1) _ Incidental reference to the Subject;
exempt under (b) (3) (a) and (b) (6}.
(4) OEPA-1058 dated 17 April 1968; contains
operational information
submitted the Station
concerning contains an icidental mention
of the name
SBODIGAStii
Dr Luther King; exempt under
(b) (3) (2) and (b) (6) _
OFPA- 1097 dated 29 April 1968 ; is a report
by
(RO8EGABEP
on
SNCc
activities in Paris in the aftermath
0f the Dr assassination; exempt under (b) (3) (a)
and (b) (6) _
(f) HMMA - 34688 _ dated 20 May 1968; contains items
7 from (LIBIGHT/LIMUD) a sensitive teletap and mail intercept
operation coverage; exempt under (b) (3) (a) and (b) (6) _
(g) FJTA-54934 , dated 31 July 1968; Americans
Invited to Leftist Conference in Japan. (POFRAGRANCE / 1)
a unilateral source stilA active and sensitive provided
the information; exempt under (b) (3) (a) and (b) (6)
Note : An extensive search has failed to locate the
attachment for this document _ The covering dispatch
makes no mention of Dr _ King or his assassination.
CONfIDeNTIAL
by
6 %
King
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CONFIDENTIAL
(h) OCOA-13493 dated 27 September 1968 ; is a
report forwarded
by {SMABOVE)
a Canadian service;
70 exempt under (b) (1) (5)B(1)
(1) OELA - 51949 , dated 10 February 1970 (JAGUAR)
a British service forwarded press clippings (they
contained an incidental mention 0f the name Dr King)
by or about a Jonathan Power; exempt under (b) (1) (5JB (1) .
(j) FZWA-2412 , dated 8 September 1970; Subject:
Activities of Andrew Pulley in New Zealand; contain
an incidental mention of the name Dr King; (MLDUST)
a New Zealand servvice provided the information;
exempt under (b) (1) (5)B(1)
(k) ANLA - 4097 dated 16 December 1970; concerns
a memorandum passed to (KRHOLLY) aNigerian security
service requesting information on and watchlisting of
the MHCHAOS group who were destined for Africa; contain
an incidental mention of the name Dr _ exempt
under (b) (3) (a) .
(1) OCOA-17031, dated 27 June 1972 ; (SMABOVE)
a Canadian service provided a report on the of
African Solidarity; exempt under (b) (1) (5)B(1) _
Memoranda :
(a) EX-1239 dated 22 August 1967 ; is a Biographic
Summary on Kunstler, William Moses, incidental refefnce
to the Subject; exempt under (b) (3) (a) and (b) (6) _
(b) Memorandum S-13, dated 5 October 1967 ;
Subject: Views of the Reverend Daniel Mallette on
the Black Militant Situation in Chicago; incidental
reference to the Subject; the information was obtained
by QRPHONB/ 1 , a sensitive unilateral source in a_ personal
interview with Father Mallette; exempt under (b) (3) (&a)
and (b) (6)
(c) B- 35 , dated 8 February 1968 ; Black Nationalist
Writers in Paris ; incidental reference to the Subject;
exempt under (b) (3) (a) and (b) (6)
8
CONFHDENTIAL
King;
Day
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"CONFIDENTHAL
(4) B- 75 , dated 9 April 1968 ; Subject: Attenpted
Anti U.S,-Demonstrations in Kingston according to the
Special Branch of the Jamaican
gecurity
service; exempt
under (b) (1) (5)B(1)
(e) Memorandum dated 16 April 1968 ; Subject:
Tentative Plans of Senator Rqbert Kennedy to Visit
West Berlin on 1 May . Incideltal referenc to the
Subject; exempt under (b) (3) (a) and (b) (6)
(f) EX-1623_ (rewritten) dated 17 April 1968 ;
Subject: Biographic Summary OI Hayden Thomas Emmett,
incidental reference to the Subject; exempt under
(b) (3) (a) and (b) (6)
(g) B-88 , dated 18 April 1968 ; FBI provided our
representative in Mexico with composite photos of
suspected killer; exempt under (b) (3) (a)`
(h) B-89 , dated 22 April 1968 Subject: Radio
Messages for, Stokely Carmichael uring April 1968
riots in Washington= D.C Incidental reference to the
Subject; exempt under (1) (3) (a) and (b) (6)
(1) B-92 , dated 23 April 1968 Subject: Arrival
of James Rufus Forman in Paris incidental reference to
the Subject; exempt under (b) (3) (a) and (b) (6) _
(1) dated 25 April 1968 ; Subject:
Investigation Death of Martin Luther Kingz Jr .7
74
concerns a subject who did not appear to be identical
with FBI ' s suspect ; exempt under (b) (3) (a)
(k) EX - 1183 (rewrite of 19 July 1967) , dated
26 April 1968; is a Biographic Sketch of Howard Zinn;
incidental reference to the Subjeet; exempt under
(b) (3) (a) and (b) (6)
(1) EX-1490, dated 14 June 1968 ; is a_ Biographic
Summary on Mark William Rudd; incidental reference to
the Subject; exempt under (b) (3) (a) and (b) (6) _
(m) EX-2148 dated 4 September 1968 ; is a Biographic
Summary on Szymanski Albert John Jr incidental
reference to the Subject; exempt under Tb} (3) (a) and (b) (6)
9
CONFIDENTIAL
B-97 'of
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CONFIDENTIAL
(n) B-191 dated 9 October 1968 Subject:
Jamaican
Speciai
Branch Report Jamaica/ United
States Black Power Ties; exempt under (b) (1) (5)B(1) .
(0) B-308 dated 17 February 1969; Subject:
7l Bahamas /United States Black Power Ties report of
a British beEis9-4e exempt under (b) (1) (5)B(1)
(9feq-b 9 os_#Aesk 11 2, 3, 6
(p)n1 B-618 dated 8 September '1969 ; Subject:
25 HC World Council of Peace planned delegates to Paris;
a sensitive reliable source revealed a Clarence
0' Qo
Fielden Jones as being in contact with Martin Luther
6 2 ,*1 King; exempt under (b) (3) (2a) and (b) (6)
(a) EX-9272 dated 21 Noember 1972; is a_ summary
about Ralph Henry; incidental reference to the Subject;
exempt under (6) (3) (a) and (b) (6)
(r) EX-10198 , dated 29 1972 concerns
VB# 5 and miscellaneous comments by (MHRUPEE) ;
incidental reference to the Subyect; exempt under
(b) (3) (a) and (b) (6) .
(s) CSCI-1763 , dated 14 1968
(O1-760966);
378 'this file has been closed_ eecoxd ]
3 Thirty FBI reports which mention the Subject and/or
his activities Excluded under 1900.3(g) (4) See Attachment I.
4 The cited documents are available in this office
if needed.
m
4r
Jqnn J , Reagan
Chief, Interhationl 'Terrofism Group
Operations Staff
Attachment: a/s
10
confldeNTIAL
4z%
~4 Os
La) ,
May _
May
6Roy
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DATE TRANSM ITTAL. SLip
To:
0Ps/ ItG
Room No BU Lding
REMARKS
PIs note which 0 f the SI docs .
mention Mrs . only.
AIXBXABKEXMMEKEXXAKX
Is NSA:the orginating agency
for a 11 0f these ? Uos
x&n Dr.
Iton DDO/ PIc
HL
Room NO . BU Lding EXTENS |ON
1644
ForM No . 241 REPLACES Form 36 - 0 (47) Wh | CH MAY BE USED .
King
kir
FronaFe"
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February 1968 , exempt under (b) (6); EX-895 , 7
March 1968; exempt under (b) (6)i Kingston-4004
6 April 1968 exempt under (b) (3) (a) , (b) (3) (6b) ,
(b) (1)5() (1j;_
Mexico City-5143 7 April 1968
exempt under (b) (3) (a) (6)(3) (b); Tokyo-9443
10 April 1968 exempt under (6) (3) (a) , (b) (3) (b) ;
Dir-90530 10 April 1968 _
9
exempt under (b) (3) (a)
(b) (3) (b) (b) (6) ; Mexico-5188 10 Aprii 1968 exempt
under (b) (3) (6) ; TMWAVE - 2022
i2 Aprii 1968 ; exempt
under (b) (3) (b) Berlin- 2149 15 April 1968 exempt
under (b) (3) (683 (6) (6); Dir-92664, 18
Apiii
1968 _
exempt under (3) (b)= (b) (6) ; Memo draft dated
26 April 1968 exempt under (6) (3) (a)
(if USIB concurs) ;
FHHT-6444 , 7 May 1968 exempt under (b) (3) (a) (6) (6) ;
Stockholm-9024 7 June 1968 exempt under (1)
{3) (a)
(b) (3) (b) (b)
%6)
;
B-i73, ig Septenber
1968 exempt
under (1)
{3) (6)
RL-188 13 November 1968 , (b)
B- 2628 , 21
97i,1(63(3) ()
(b) (3) (b) (6)
8f);
Budapest- 017
9
19 1971, (b)
(3) () (5(6); Ex8+26 ,
27-September 1971 , exenpt-tnder -
{6) (3)(b} ,€8) 66}
Memorandum, 28 November 1975 , exempt under (6) (3) (b) .
e
The following Secret (SI) documents
which mention either Dr _ or Mrs _ King are held in
OPS/ ITG (SI) vault:
3t8tq0x+F 68 68
3/0/QOFIT151-67*
3/0/Q0Y T-58 - 68*
3/0/GQUTT2696&
3Lo/G08F}+88 69
370490171072673
/T57-67*
-3/0+88t+EL+3 69
3 /0 /QOF_ T95 -6 7 %
3/0 /QOF/T106 - 67*
3/0+608+/+14 69
2 The 'following documents are exempt from release;
exemptions are as cited.
5
SjrfizenTiAl
nof 6 _
Foeacd May
May
Top
(2k
==================================================
Page 15
==================================================
13-00000
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Page 16
==================================================
13-00000
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==================================================
Page 17
==================================================
13-00000
MARTIN LUTHER KInG , JR_
Para c:
I cannot match the documents with the ist you provided .
Please arrange the articles chronologicalIy and number them
Tightly in penci] to correspond with numbers in a memo (see
attached Memo from the DDA , 26 March 76 , para b6 It: would be
useful if you would use that format for a11 your memos , as the
way you have done it is very hard to fo]1ow without making errors )
Also c]ipped documents have parts cut 0ff 0 f them or are a Imost
unreadab Ie _ Can you provide better copies ?
Para D :
First document is a report whose number should be Teft in. PIs
provide another resanitized copy .
Please delete dissemination controls in your sanitizations ; other-
wise we just have to_ do them over. A1s0 classification was eft
on one doucment _ See KBMIK c]ips
3 Please provide sanitized Ist 4 page 0 f EX-895 , 7 Mar X 68 _
4 Please delete cite numbers from incoming cab les _
Many thanks _
Mau s (de1
7lb4Y DDs | pi <
Aus
==================================================
Page 18
==================================================
13-00000
PArt Z.
UNCLASSIFIED INTERNAL CoNFidential SECRET
USe Only
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
SujECT: iOption)) REQUEst NUMBER
2 76- 382 Maetw__ Lutbee Juf
It
[essezes-Jeoz)
ErTEASION JATE SENT TRo= =rzaerMAQr
LSJUNE
O/DDO/ FIO
oPsla fs
SUSPENSE JATE
TO: {Oficer dasignotion. mom mumbor , OOJ DATE building) CFFKCERS COMMENTS (Number coch commeni to show trom whom
INITALS p whom; Drow lino ocross] column ohor aach commtot.i Recived FORWADrD
OPSTITG 7'
ATTN: Maty Jleran
Tube ES-2 18 JUN
2
Bk
Zbluj
#b"
3 4
4.
5.
6.
C/OPS/ITG
2 7 JWI 1976
8
9 DDo/FIO att: Anne ttel 1ji No record of subject
tube $ CT-5 2B1415
1jI No info identifiable
with subject
RL See attached memorandum
4
lxx-~e_
Y HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
co Ph '73
1976
1 H
==================================================
Page 19
==================================================
13-00000
1
UNCLASSIFIED INTERNAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
USE ONLY
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
SUBJECT; '(Optionol) REQUES E MBER
Metw Lvthee king (UxisBeet: PeouEst_ 76 - 382
FROM: 8ee3ler
Haei EXTENSION DATE SENT
0/DO/ FIO CT-5 9415
HAJUne
SUSPENSE DATE
TO: (Officor designation, Toom Qumbor , or DATE
building) OFFICER'S COMMENTS (Number each commoni Io show whom
INITIALS 6 whom: Drow Iino acros} column aftor eoch commcnt:)
RECEIVED FORWARDED
€f Staff
Keert Zal#Ben 22 July 1976
2C29
2
DDO /PIC:
Please see attached comments
3.
CI/EXO
2 2 JUL 1976
4.
5.
CI/PA Graves )
6.
Nat & Recef)_
8.
9 DDOTFTO Attn Annette No record of subject
Tube : CT-5 , 2B1415
No info identifiable
io_ with subject
Cenmintt
See attached
2
RETURN To ,
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
FORM 3749 SECRET CONFIDENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
1-75 0 P
USE ONLY
976
from
1
2t%8
26i6
==================================================
Page 20
==================================================
13-00000
Administrative
Internal Use Only
22 1976
DDO/PIC
Re: Martin Luther_King_ Request #F-76-382)
In response to this request, CI Staff has no records with the
exception of oe document, prepared in the Office of Security:
Memorandum for the Record, dated July 1968,
Subject: Coretta Scott '#541 487) .
copy is attached for referral
w
bB6
Daniel L Roche, Jr _
CI/PA
Attachment:
Referral Document,
As Above
Adrinishetive Iteral Use Only
July
King,
==================================================
Page 21
==================================================
13-00000
a1Y
July
MEMORANDUM FOR The Racord
FROM M, D, Stevens
SUBJECT Coretta Scott
4K541 487
AKA : Mrs Martin Luther KING
nee Coretta SCOTT
1 Subject, question, 16 the Coretta SCOTT referrea
to in an FBI report on MAlfreda ABELL, #4355 109, dated 1o/29/54_ which
indicetos that on 7 September 1952 ABELL, the Subject of 0 "Security
Matter-C" type investigation, communicated with C: SCOTT , Route 1,
Box 158, Heiberger Alabana which addrese wab identified 08 tha rebi-
dance of Coretta SCOTT. According to the postmaeter at Heiberger ,
(in 19542) , Coretta SCOTT was then attending the New England Congervatory
Of' Mugic. (See ettachment A) Mrs , Coretta Scott KTNG 18 88i to have
attended this Conservatory and while there to have met her futura
husband, (See ettachmont B)
2. Alfreda ABELL, who . wab a clark In the UN Secretarlat
from 1947 until 6/30/52 when her employment wab termine ted for becurity
reabon8 _
9 wes 8aia in tha New York Times On 2 January 1953 to be one Of
25 former employeeg of the UN ousted 8s one believed to be a communiet
or under conmunist digcipline _ While employed in the UN ABELL wa8
reportedly active on behelf of the Pro-Communist group Of the U 8taff
Committee and wa8 friendly with, and actively participated in giving
a party in October 1951 to honor , four persons who had been dibmi880d
by the U for gecurity reasons _ ie ; Jeanne PICOU , idantified 08 0
mombor of the: French Communist Party; Mary Jane KEENEY , a CP member
ective in tha Communist Party underground during tha late' 30'8-early
40'9; Banedict Soloman ALPER, aleo reported to be a CP member; and
Rajah HOWRANT who wae reportedly 9 Communiat Party member ena had
recaived training in the Soviet Union. The Individual 0aIa to be reepongl-
ble for ABELL' 8 employmant In the UN and to-hava been her 8upervieor
there et one time , was Adam 'ARN 0 Polish citizen Baid to ba 0 Communiet
Party member, According to the FBI report on ABELL, Bhe regietered With
the American Iabor Party when voting in 1949 and 1952; Bubacribed to
tha National Guardian; and &ttendaa a W,E,Ba DuBole teetimonial, dinnar
in February 1951, to wbich 8he took Eelen KAGAN a8 her gueet.
4s1u
GROUP
1 Excludod Irom dulomafic Sic lwisc
downgrading &nd MzR oser,19.{1E7
declasilicalion_
34b1
tUti (aueal
Joe t 6e used dleese' cua'
Wu €
65 ..68,
Su
1968
Azux/ue
XINC,
wjthout;
7826 86
Wle
==================================================
Page 22
==================================================
13-00000
3. ABELL &nd Halen KACAN, who also wa8 termina ted at the UN
Sacretariat for security reasors , were reported in October 1952 to
ipeguently return to the UN premises where were b8id to oftan
Du Soan in its corridors convers with certain Rus8 ians and elleged
Communists According to 8 confidential FBI informant, ABELL in
Narch 1952 made a8 check payab le to KAGAN in the amount of 8150, and
XACAN had made cLecks paysble to ABELL on a number of occas ions
Helen KAGAN i8 Helen KACAN-POZIER , AKA: Elena Aleksandrovna Wilga , 0tc, ,
4+3l+8 486, who i8 suspected of having engeged in Soviet intelligance
activities _ Her brother, Vladimir A POZNER , 18 an ider6ified KGB
officbr and her cousin) Vladimir Wolf' POZNER is 08 knowr :ember of tho
Frenchi Comrunist Party and i8 buspected Of involvement in Soviet
irtelligence _ Her long-time consort, Peter WILGA , 8 leading figure
in tha CPUSA wes also suspected of Soviet intelligence connect ione _
Helen KAGAN-POZNER WILGA i8 of continuing interegt to the FBI and
to SRS,
4_ At 8 Senata Interral Security Subcommittee hearing in
New York City in late 1952, Alfreda ABELL refused on grounds of belf -
incrimination to 8ay whether Bhe was then or ever had been a communiet ,
whether she tried to 'orgenize Un workerg or whether 8ince lee - the
UN in the Summer of 1952 she hed revisited UN headquarters in the role
of' a communist organizer. The FBI continued to ha va an interest in
ABELL until &t least Cecember 1961, tha data of an FBI report in har
file
5. The postnaster &t He iberger , Alabama in advising regarding:
Coretta SCOTT , 08 stated above commented that 'ghe had in,the pagt sung
on the same program with Peul ROBESON &t ROBESON '8 pargonal invitation_
(Louis BUDENZ ha8 stated that prior to his (BUDENz ) , defection from
tha Communist Party in 1945, hae knew Paul ROBESON 48 0 bacret member
Qf tha Communiat Party- )
2
Stcu
3
GROUP 62
Excluded Irom eulomatic
downgrading end
do-laeeili-ntion
they
ing
long
ving
SEGRET
==================================================
Page 23
==================================================
13-O0000
ONcLASSIFIED: INTERNAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET:
USe . ONLY-
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
Suian {Op
Ra-Mertin; Tuther Zing# Harora Weiebere 07776-382
FROM Mei 062
187 Jiee
Jo3: Vorhus 7186
MuSR) 24.qure776
Ga tc3m ncmkar 874 DNLi euitaina_ Onet dOMIENIS Mub Ll Ichncenpcol
haz @)Z Slinilocro Netvf MeIyD ForwACDED
DDO 3 C Randalj RIbert
0-2 ple celey Aathon
3: OSH41RG ` E R:; Duefy
Action
@BS/uO 0i H Rice
2 610
Actjon
REETQN MARY HR-580_
'DDDp;IC 104i27,
EXt : 1644 TUBE Ht
FYI
SECRET E2 IMPDET CL BY 004108
83 ~BotAEl-lbL Dsli0 ;
9 AI/DDA H, GxBean
6rs
FYI
2k
io
R Gsdkav|
3 Auq 76
DDIIFIO L_C Lawler
FYI 2176104
12_
RETURN To'
IPS Vorhis 2E-50
PRIORITY HANDLINGE FOIA REQUEST
{9R6 3749 SECRET CONFiDENTIAl INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
USE Only
4e?
aotgnaiion:
S3
{e:
==================================================
Page 24
==================================================
13-00000
UNCLASSIFIED INTERNAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
USE Only
PRIORITY HANDLING : FOIA REQUEST
SUBJECT: (Optional) 1796S REQUEST NUMBER -966
Re Martin Luther Jr Harold
Weisbelg
F-76-382
Edl RSTTZTZ
FROM: EXTENSION DATE SENT
17 June 76
IPS. Vorhis 7486
SUSPENSE DATE 24 June 76
(Oficer designation, tOom number , an DATE
building) OFFICER'$ COMMENTS(Momber each commont to show from whom
INITIALS 0 whom: Drowa' Jina Ocross column after each commeni:) RECEIVED FORWARDED
DDO /PIC F, C. Randall
Action
Uttzhsa
L
HT-1 Amber; Gx-2 pls relay
2
03zt42z Z
74
31
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Action ly)a-64
FELTON #ARY HR = T 580
DDO/pIC 104127
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Ext 16*4 TUBE Htl
FYI
ML
SECRET E2 IMPDET CL B Y 00r198
8 -BothEe-lL
9 AI/DDA H. GBean
FYI
DIIFIO L C, Lawler
217104
( FYI
2 _
RETURN To,
IPS Vorhis 2E-50
PRTORIT HANDLNG FOIA REQUEST
f ORM 3749 SECRET CONFI DENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
75 USE OmLy
42
King,
Dsx Aeh6Qaee
TO:
21776
2y1;'
Eee ELlY &
UUUQd
De
& (
==================================================
Page 25
==================================================
13-00000
UNCLASSIFIED INTERNAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
USE ONLY
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
SUBJECT: (Ootional) REQUEST NUMBER
Luthee Kins (Ieissees Eeqvst) 76 382
FROM: KBen#ter
TIAy
EXTENSION DATE SENT
0/DDO/ FIO Ext _ 9415
L& Jne
SUSPENSE DATE
TO: (Oficer dosignation, rOom numbor , and DATE building) OFFICER'$ COMMENTS (Number cach commont t show From whom
INITIALS p whom. Draw lino across column oftor eoch comment.) RECEIVED FORWARDED
#.0sG/oc
Attn: P Marine
"GYhs
2 2B1 6
3
4
5
6
8
9_ DDOTFIO Attn: Annette Ixr No record of subject
tube : CT - 5 , 2B1415
13i No info identifiable
with subject
13 See attached memorandup
12
RETURN To
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
ForM 3749 SECRET CONFIDENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
USE ONLY
oP . 1 0
Maetw
==================================================
Page 26
==================================================
13-00000
UNCLASSIFIED INTERNAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
USE ONLY
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
SUBJECT: '(Optional) REQUEST NUMBER
HarTi Lvthee (UUEsBEes Vzouet)l
76 - ZF 2
FROM: EXTENSION DATE SENT
FZ:deer-
Maer ISINE
SUSPENSE DATE
0/DDO/ FIO CT-5 9415
TO: (Officer dosignation, room ] number , ar DATE
building) OFFICER"$ COMMENTS (Number cach commoni to show from whom
INITIALS 6 whom; Draw 0 Iino Ocros} column aftor eoch comment:) RECEIVED FORWARDED
FR PLANS 2 & JUN
Attn; Bob Baker_
2
BU - 6
3
4
5.
6_
8.
9
DDO/ FIO Attn: Annette No record of subject
Tube: CT_5 2B1415
Io 131 No info identifiable
with subject
131 See attached memorandum
12.
RETURN To $
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
FORM 3749 SECRET CONFIDENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
1-75 USE ONLY
0p , 9
Kina
1976
==================================================
Page 27
==================================================
13-00000
WNELASSIFIED INTERNAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
USE ) ONLY
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
SUBJECT: '(Optional) REQUEST NUMBER
HabZkev 9n 3 76 - 383
FROM: EXTENSION DATE SENT 250n1 22
SUSPENSE DATE n_75 2271
TO: (Officer designation , room
number, on
DATE building) OFFICER'S COMMENTS (Number eoch comment to show from whom
INITIALS 6 whom: Draw line across column after each comment.) RECEIVED FORWARDED
DZpzc
2
@inshcry -+sltt_
TLL412E -
3
4
5
8
9
io
12
RETURN To
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
FoR6 3749 SECRET CONFIDENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
USE ONLY
Exu'
BEA1F312+2440
==================================================
Page 28
==================================================
13-00000
UUNcLASSIFIED INTERNAL CONFBDENTIAL SECRET
USE . QHLY
ERIORHTY HAND GINGR FOIA REQUESE
SianeC] QUEst:
Foz: Reauest; Marein;Juther Kilng Jt:
Reduebted) F 767382 (Hax o1-we_gberg
#NsiON 'DA SEnt:
Dotala G Vozhig 7486 3 9271 26.Ju1y;1976,
#4 Seldyawefler 6400 R 9581 SpapENSEDATE
123HD01 2Er2e Eqs D-2 312J41Y41976
07
7oi3 joom aumeet an3
@TFic Rs' COWMENTS_NEm bchicommoni Vo 6i whon Mens TOB: INHIAis: 8 ARomie Drae owlin '829110 coiugn "dicz rommeni i
DDO/TIC Cr Randatl
Riarcelay;to HT-! Ambeg:
The: attached: 7r documents
wete sur Faced-bY OSHTRG
in jS Search on Subject Th
docuents originated in yquf
component Ori
predeeessor
componegt
oe1uz
bbo] Pjease
revtew the: docu:
ments to "determine 3f
cam be TeleaSed to Subjeet 6S
in fuli in Sanjtized form
'Ox
they
are to be denied
Tf the docunents are
releasabie inyfuli please
have 'them declassified by am:
rauthorized officer Of:Your
C/oPs / ITG component
If deletions are to be
made _ Please make them and
forward the sanitized' version
to this Staff to, send to the
requester Cite the FOIA
subsection which applies to
the deleted portions
If the document is denied
Please cite the. appropriate
subsection (s) of the FOIA:
In both of the above epa Jeic MA
instances please nane the
denying official
WWSW:IED
37434248 3ro
3o2n
ithey
==================================================
Page 29
==================================================
13-00000
UNCLASSIFIED INTERNAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
USE ONLY
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
SUBJECT: (Optional) REQUEST NUMBER
Dr _ Martin Luther King, Jr. 0 requested by Weisberg F76 - 382
FROM: EXTENSION DATE SENT
DDO / PIC 5 76
M FeIton SUSPENSE DATE
1D4125 1644 tXEX 9 Aua76
TO: (Oficer dosignation, room qumbor , and DATE building) OFFICER'$ COMMENTS (Number each commont to show from whom
INITiALS @ whom: Draw lino Ocross]column aftor each commeni.) RECEIVED FORWARDED
Mr . W, Strubitts
197
SA/LA/ EICO ET-3_ Pls review the attached for
2 release to :Weisberg his
[D2
1
F0 IA request PTs cite
exempttons for denia1s and
3
partia] denia1s
Thanks
4
MMFelton
2 to 88
5 Have ganitized the
attached documents for release
to Weisberg.
6
8. DDO/ PIC
M, FEIton HT-1
9
12
RETURN To
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
FORM 3749 SECRET CONFI DENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
1 -7 5 USE ONLY
Aug
AUG
per
==================================================
Page 30
==================================================
13-00000
UNCLASSIFIED INTERMAL CONFIdENTIAL SECRET
USE ONLY
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
SUBJECT: (Optional) REQUEST NUMBER
Dr _ Martin Luther King, Jr.,requested by We isberg F76-382
FROM: EXTENSION DATE SENT
M_ Felton 5 76
DDO / P Ic
SUSPENSE DATE
1D4125 1644 9 76
TO: (Officer designation, room number , ard DATE building) Officer's COMMENTS (Number each comment to show from whom
INITIALS @ whom: Draw 0 lino across coiumn after each comment.) RECEiVEd FORWARDED
H Thompson
EA/ OEM/FOI BU-2 b OPS/ ItG proposes we pas s the
attached document to Weisberg
2
in response to his FOA AcIes_
request _ Do you agree with
this: and with their saniti-
3 zation? In particular, do
you with Ieaving the
4
%adregsyit
the top 0 f the
attachment to the dispatch ?
FA
hoEnlos
Thank you _
5.
MFelton
Yoem
16/6k9
6=
Jdsn'$ ttuk ue
Dhre Qch 2918 Kug
Vapose=
(e
8 M_ Felton L M -
'64 dousa/,aul
DDO / PIc hT 1 Yuemten
9_
Sve 7 be temourd ,
2-4 Isqle ; le Do No4
Wqnt Tlu 0J, Moll '
a adrel/ Rulasra 04+
Ael MuA QF Ulll uee
40 @equeslor
alsew a|
12_ db _
7 Tay /968
763* Tsuall
RETURN To , 00 taanwovc J
Dsbuau _xdLorno_
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
FORM 3749 SECRET CONFIDENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
1 -75 USE ONLY
Aug
Aug
2e/
0 theh
Cume
==================================================
Page 31
==================================================
13-00000
UNCLASSIFIED INTERMAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
USE ONLy
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
SUBJECT: (Optional) REQUEST NUMBE R
Martin Luther King, Jr., requested by Weisberg F76-382
EXTENSION DATE SENT TRONfdo/PIc
5 Aug 76
M Felton
SUSPENSE DATE 104125 1644
TO: (Officer dosignation , room number , ond DATE
building) OFFICER'S COMMENTS (Number each commenf to show fcom whom
INITIALS 0 whom. Draw line across]column after each comment.) RECEIVED FORWARDED
Mr _ C_ LaClair AUG 1976
EUR/ EXO GS-6 PIs review the attached docu-
ments for release to Weisberg
2 lpe r his FO IA request Thanks
MFelton
3 e /z
4 3-S+s
5.
AoeluI l 1l
EXu
AuG/1976
6
eteatn %
e
Eun lek0
(S-69 auG 1va
CQ Ow0r
A-i9l226ht
Laa M
Zjllai
Cz Lr
Cori
8 PPONPIc
Mary HT 1
Cax-&c8rt ~id
9
S# /ozzlr+s
T4oy
62+
Io lG1acaetree (66,=
At ^A
Pribicva)
9*6
P( 2 nouielo_leat
12 0loLAALLLU
+0%!
RETURN To JsA_ Ss
1144/A
042
"8
44 NQ
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
FORM 3749 SECRET CONFIDENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
1-75 USE ONLY
hav<
tOe
616
==================================================
Page 32
==================================================
13-00000
UNCLASSIFIED NTERNAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
USE ONLY
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
SUBJECT: (Optional) REQUEST NUMBER
Martin Luther King, Jr requested by Weisberg F76-382
FROM: EXTENSION DATE SENT
M Felton Aug76
DDo / PIc
SUSPENSE DATE
104125 1644 ~8Aina76
TO: (Oftficer dosignation, room number , ard DATE
building) OFFICER'S COMMENTS] (Number each commont to show from whom
INITIALS + whom. Drow Iine across column after each commeni_ RECEIVED FORWARDED
LA ET-3
K
PIs review the attached docu-:
ment for release to Weisberg
2; per his request _ cite
exemptions_ for deletions o.r
denial _ Thank you_
3 MDFelton
4.
1r? &:
5.
Oorum+X
6
419
~
8 DDO / PIC HT-1
ATTN: Mary
9
0
12
RETURN To :
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
FORM 3749 SECRET CONFIDENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
1-75 USE ONLY
==================================================
Page 33
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13-00000
UNCLASSIFIED INTERNAL COMFSDEHTIAL SECRET
USE ORLY
PRIORHTY HANDLINGr FOIA REQUEST
SUBJECT: (Optionol) REqUesT NumbER
FOI Requeet Martin Luther Jr.
(Harold Welsberg Requester) F 76-382
FROM: EXTENSION DATE SENT
Donald G. Vorhie 7486 R 9271 26 July 1976
Sally Weiler 6400 R 9581
Sus?ENSE DATE
IPS /DDA 2E42 'Hq8 . DX-2 31 1976
TO: (Offizer designation, room number , ard DATE
building) OFFICER'S COMMENTS (Number eoch comment to show whom
INITIALS p whom. Draw Gcross column aftct each comment:| RECEIVED FORWAROED
DDO (PIC Mr = Randall
GX-2 Ple relay to HT-l Amber The attached 7 documents
2 were surfaced by OS /IRG
in its search on Subject _ Thd
documents originated in your
3
component or predecessor
Oep_
p+z Eo|
compreese _
review the docu -
4 ments to determine if they
can be released to Subject
in full, in sanitized form
5. or they are to be denied .
If the documents are
releasable in full please
6_ have them
declassified
by an
authorized officer of Your
component
If deletions are to be
made please make them and
forward the sanitized version
8 to this Staff to send to the
requester Cite the FOIA
subsection which applies to
9_
the deleted portions
If the docunent is denied
pfpc
please cite the appropriate
io_ subsection (s) of the FOIA _
In both of the above 2YZ2Z
instances please nane the
denying official
3 to We do not ow anything more about thie
ate; budsy
incident, Inasmuch a8 it apparently did
12 not appear in the pre8s, I am afraid that
the information in these memoranda, f
into the public domain, could Jeopar-
dize bur relationship with the person who
provihed it to us _ Therefore both docu-
ments are ebing denied puesuant to
ezemptiona: (6)1), (6)(2)5 660(3) (e)a(orrgad
150 3 3(2(6)
374: SEkaET C fcEntial IArNAl UNCLASSFIED
WS: Only
King,
July
from
line
put
==================================================
Page 34
==================================================
13-00000
LISTING OF ATTACHED DOCUMENTS
(1) Memorandum from DCS , dated 28 May
1969
#
(2) Memorandum to Director , DCS , #
dated 19 February 1969 _
(3) DDO cable , dated 8 June 1968 ,
IN 27362 .
(4) DDO cable , dated 8 June 1968 ,
IN 27366 _
(5) DDO cable , dated 8 June `1968 ,
IN 27367 _
(6) DDO dispatch, UFGT-16828 , dated
15 July 1966 _
(7) DDO biographic data on Martin
Luther King , dated 5 November 1967 _
2570
25 $7
2572
2 $ 3
-254
0-62
==================================================
Page 35
==================================================
13-00000 3 te
UMCLASSIFIED INTERNAL CONFIDENTIAL SFCRET;
USE Only
ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
SUBJECT: (Optional)
Requebt for copy of CIA Cable from CIA Reference File
FROM: Cable Secreta riat/Reference File BXTENSION No_
Mr. Ga rnett U Tate
Chief Cable Archives Date
IA 53 Hqg:_ TubeCT-Z 6159
TO: (Officer dosignation, room Qumbor,ard DaTE
building) Ofricer"$ COMMENTS (Numbor oach Gommoni to thow From whom
INITIALS 0 whom. Drow Iino 'Ocross]_column aftor oach]cammenl:)
RECEIED FORWARDED
The attached Form 1604,
"Archiveg Cable Service"',
requests a copy of a CIA cable
for which the dissemination is
rebtricted. Would you plea &e:
3
(a) Forward the attached copy
to the requester (shown on
Form 1604 or;
(b) Return the attached copy to
Cable Archives with dance
in order that we may notify the
requester of the disposition of
his request.
DiJe T Eax
oily Jlace_ badt
m
Mh7
4
amke
Ldu
io_ me__0_
J
12_ 3 6alez Lnxel
I3
15_
fO8M 610 usediiogus SECRET CONFIdENTIAL INTERMAL UNCLASSIFIED
UsE ONLY
Aweg
guit
==================================================
Page 36
==================================================
13-00000
CONF (DENT IAL
When Filled In)
REQUEST FOR D issEminATion CHANGE OR CABLE REFERENCE SERV ICE
NAME of RequEStER DATE TO: CABLE SECRATARIAT BRANCH , CC FROM:
CABLE REFERENCE SECTION iic_ (A 3Hui7e
IA-53 HQS _ EXT 6159 , TUBE %5E6| ~DTYISTONT BRANCH ExtenS iON
2DeLils
t}
It 18 requested that the disgemination of
"/d / R num Be R
be chenged a8 indicated _
S Tati0n mumbe R
ADD: Y01A
Recell copies fro:
Change action from: To:
Authorized by:
Rame (type or Pr int) EXt _
In coordination with;
NAME type Pr int) EXt _
Please furnish One copy of the cable described I have have not
made inquiry of the CS Records control system
IN/DIR NUMBER STAT | ON NUMBER SUBJECIZ
Iinn
5 | GNATuR E
{9RM2 1604 USE PREV i0Us ED !TiONS CONF | DENT IAL 6-2, IMPDET CL. BY: 007622 (47)
2u
Uk
or
DATlgX
==================================================
Page 37
==================================================
13-0000Q
CONELDENTIAL
Wvhen Bilfed-In)
REQUEST; FOR: DISSEMINATION CHANGE OR; CABLE: REFERENCE: SERV;ICE"
TO: CABLE: SECRATARIAT BRANCE OC: FROM
NAME' OF REQUESTER D
CABLE :REFERENCE -SECTTON A6
IA<53 HQ8_ EXT: TUBE; EgZ6 SOTVTSFONTBRANCH EXTENSON DDolisL
b
It 1s requested that :the dissemination' of
N/o i R wimBe' R
be changed': as indicated'
STat-on: numbe R
ADD"
Recallzcopies Rrom
Chenge action; fromi: To=
Authorized:
8
ME: Ype 0r prigt)
In coordination vith:
2
NanE Ciypes oneprint)x
Pieese: furnish one Copyrof the "cable 'described: have Jav
made"Inqurry} of the: CS: Records contro systen
NDIR NUMBER STAT TON: NUMBER DATE SUB JECT
63 Jnqu
SH,GNLIURE
form
7'.2
|60# #USE PREv ous ED:! Jaons 'CONFLDENTIAL Bz,UIMPDEFcE: BBY: 0076222
'6159
by=
J
740
==================================================
Page 38
==================================================
13-00000
CONF | DENT IAL
When FMlled In)
REQUEST FOR D | sSEMinATion CHANGE OR CABLE REFERENCE SERV ICE
NAME 0F REQUEsTER DATE TO: CABLE SiECRATARTAT BRANCH , OC FROM:
CABLE REFERENCE SECTION
dux7i
IA-53 HQS _ EXT TUBE"#8-6 DivISTON/ BRANCH EXTENSioN
ILc
It 18 requested thet the dis8emination Of
Im/d / R num0E R
be changed 88 indicated .
9 Tati0N numBe R
ADD:
Fc!
Recall copies fro:
Chenge action from: To:
Authorized by:
Hame tYpe o5 int) E*T
In coordinetion with:
name (type or Pr int) EXT
Please furnish one copy of the cable described _ I have have not
made inquiry of the CS Records control system _
in/diR NUMBER STAT |ON NUMBER DATE SUBJECT
S ! GNATURE
Fory2 1 604 USE PREV |ous ED itions CONF |DENT IAL 62, IMPDET CL_ BY: 002622 (47)
1 ,
6159,
6,''V
Pr
==================================================
Page 39
==================================================
3-00000.
CONE IDENT IAL
When Filled In)
REQUEST FOR :D |SSEMINATION CHANGE OR: CABLE REFERENCE : SERV ICE
JO: CABLE SECRATARTAT BRANCH, ; OC NAME OF REQUESTER FROM:
CABLE REFERENCE SECTION-
I4-53. HQ,S EXT 6159;; TUBE ESz6 DTVTSTONZ BRANGH
3 Alceh
EXTENSJQN
4
It 18 requested that: the dissemination: Of
"w/o:t-Rwnum E
be ' changed: as indicated:
S tAt.on NumbE R
ADD:
Recall; copies Rrom
Change: ectiont from
Toz
'Authorized by:
(type pfin;c)
In coordination With
ME:_ (type%6? Pf,intt)
Please furnish One' Of the cable described 1 have: not made Yinquiry Of the; CS Records control System
"IN/DiR NUMBER
11 StATiON-NUMBER DATE SUBJECT
2E_2ik
{S GNATURE
RORM
2
[604 Ust PrEVious-EpTELons "CONF IDENTAL E2;IMPDEL cLYBY}007622
#kb4y
copy have
==================================================
Page 40
==================================================
300
CONF IDENTIAL:
When Etlledzf)
REQUEST FOR DTSSEMINAT (ON "CHANGE OR CABLE REFERENCE ' SERV ICE
#6
MO; CABL SECRATARTAT BRANCH OC EROM
NAME OR REQUESTER ATE
"CABL REFERENCE_SEc TION 1y koh
"14e53 HS EXT ITUBEiESz6 DTVI SVONZIERANTH EXTENSION
CT
Dt 48 recuested _ that athe dissemination
15KR" NumBE
be; changed s indicated'
SeTEA T2IOIN NUmBE R
ADD:
Recall copies: Erom
Change ection from To:
Authorazed by:
Ame "(type oraprint)
In coordination witb;
NAME#(typeeg @printi)
Pieese furnish one copy Of the: caple described: I; Jave heve not made inquiry of the: CS Records contro]: eystem
IN/DIR NUMBER STAT #ON NUMBER: DATE' ~SUBJECf 72623 ApLis2206 Hpiba
SentZ k
Mols_
S4 GNAtuRet
Form
191 77,2
1604 USE ~PREVsous EDTIONS 'CONFADENTIAL A2_iMPDEL CL; By 007622
6159:
el:E
==================================================
Page 41
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13-00000
926
SECRET
FELTIN MAR Y HR-580
JDO/P IC 1D4127 INdEX SEARCH And 201 consOt | DATion REQUEST
EXT , 1644 TUKE HT1
DATE P/f | CONTROL No
SECRET E2 IMPDET CL By 004108
To TUBE ROOM DATE INITIALS REQUESTER S NOTES
No 0F REFERENCES OrdERED This REQUEST REFERS To
ipiindEx DT - 5 184003 Doc Ref.)
REQuEsTER
SEARCH INSTRUCT IONS To IP / IN)
iP/fiLES dT- 6 GC5 2 '3m
REquestER
P_ RMS Di- 6 GA - 20
F
SUBJECT 0F INDEX SEARCH
SURNAME GiVEN NAME $
King MAetin Lutbe
SPELLiNG VAR IATiONS To BE SEARCHED 20 1 No . 1F KNOWN
201 -
AKA ALIASES OTHER IDENTIFYinG DATA (Occupation CP member ship , I S_
affiliations , etc. )
SEX DATE 0F 8 | R Th PLACE 0F 8 ! RTh CitizEnshIP RES IDENC E
RESULTS OF PIINDEX SEARCH nstRUcTions FOR_REQUESTERS
No RECORDS IDENT IF |ABLE W | TH SUBJECT TKERE ARE OTHER INDICES THAT YOU SHOULD CONS DER
SEE REVERSE SDE FOR CHECKL IST OF OTHER IND ICES AND
201 CONSOL DAT | ON INSTRUCT | ONS
SURNAME NOT FOUND IN F ILES
To ORDER DOCUMENTS
INDEX RECORDS A TTACHED REVIEw NDEX RECORDS
2 DRAW GREEN 0 /AGONAL LiNE Across TTEMS You DO
THERE ARE RECORDS OF WH ICH Not WANT
ARE FNU 'S Which MAY PERTA IN To THE SUBJECT OF 3 FORWARD To iP/F ILES
ThIS SEARCH ; THESE MAY BE REVIEWED IN IP/iN.
B4003 To ED/T THE NDEX RECORDS
COMMENTS AFTER RECE |PT 0f THE DOCUMENTS ED |T THE INDEX RECORD
ACCORD iNG To Do 70-19
1 To DES TRO Y INDEX RECORD : MARK THE INDEX RECORD With
A GREEN D AND cite THE REASON
2 To MAKE CORRECT |ONS/ADD (Tions ENTER THE CHANG" On
THE INDEX RECORD iN GREEN iNK
3 . FORMARD To IP/RMS VIA YOUR RECORDS 0ff iCER
REQUEST No./DA TE/TIME 20 | COnSOLIDATion
inSTRUCTionS On REVERSE
L84 4.48 SIDE_
Form 362 U 5 E R E V 0 U $
7976 Juitt8 #I +H
E-2, IMPDET CL, BY: 007622 (4 - 8 - 38 )
3 < 74 E0 / T / On $
SECRET
Q.
==================================================
Page 42
==================================================
13-00000
SECRET
'201 CONSOL |DATion INSTRUCT | ONS (See . DoI 70-20)
IF SUBJECT HAS A 201 FILE_ SEND THIS FORM To IP / RMS WI TH THE INDEX RECORDS
MARKED: IN GREEN To REFLECT THE CONSOL DAT | ON ACT | ON TAKEN (Documents
shou | d th en be placed in th e 20 | , by the Researcher) .
2 WHEN SUBJECT HAS NO 201 FILE _ BUT MEETS THE REQU I REMENT FOR OPEN ING A 201
FILE. SEND THIS FORM To IP / RMS Wi TH:
A _ A COMPLETED FORM 83 1 _
B _ ALL PERTINENT DOCUMENTS, EXTRACTS AND PROPERLY ED / TED RECORDS FOR
CONSOL DAT | ON OF THE FILE BY IP / RMS _
S|GNA Ture 0F RECORDS off icer DA TE
CHECKLiST OF OTHER IndIcES: REQUESTER SHOULD ALSO CONS | DER TRAC ING THE FOLLOWING SOURCES WH ICH ARE Not
SEARCHED BY IP/INDEX SEE NAME TRACE HANDBOOK )
DATE DATE DATE DATE SOURCE REQUESTED RECE VED SOURCE REQUESTED RECE IVED
Do AREA desks CENTRAL REFERENCE SERVicE
IP/ARcHiVES CiA LIBRARY
Com NT NAME chECK OFF icE 0f SECUR Ty
SB 0 | OGRAphics BRANCH off iCE 0F MED ICAL SERViceS
TRAVEL PROGRAMS DOMESTic COLLECTioN D / ViSION
NAME 0F BEARER FiLE/ots
CiA APPL ICAnTS F ILE/Office Of PERSONNE L DEPAR TMENT 0F COMMERCE
SPEC IAL ActivitiES Group . SS/1L WPTU ) DEFENSE CENTRAL INDEX
CovER AND COMMERC |AL STAFF CENTRAL REG I STRY Europe
OPERA RESERVE OFF iCERS FLE FB |
TONS
STAFF INTERAGENCY SOURCE REg_ & NS
C Op ERATions : CAPTURED GERMAN DOCUMENTS DEPARTMENT 0F STATE
E/G PROGRAM SECRET SERVICE
Wh SUBVERS VES PROGRAM DRuG ENfORC EMENT AGEnCY
REMARKS
6
N
1
SECRET
==================================================
Page 43
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13-00000
SFEFCREEFT
MAIN TNDEX SEARCH RRESPOONSE T8TTQ8 034
76
RZQ MO: T8TT48407 REQUE STER : FR580 FELCTON MARY DDOTPTC T04T27 T6z4 FITI "07
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==================================================
Page 44
==================================================
13-00000
LAY
SE-C-RFE=
04
700=
#ozk
3
003 3 KING, MARTIVTLUTHER TREVST 200-009-034
Nr9u
6
DFB-82024 J1
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#COCATOR DATA: DRDER FROM TPTCRS " TC-52
APERT URETARDs
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ATTACXED
DFB= 820024 OT JAN 58 08 3TT75T
0
900z KTNG , M; C TREV 0074-006-040
RAKA00T08
25MAYS6
SER-64
##COCATOR DATA: "DRDER" FROM TPTCRS TGC-52 ~ZEE APERTURE CARDS ATTACHED
APERTURE TARDS AVATCABC
RAAKA=TO708 O JAN 58 08049094
ooos KING, MARTTN 201-0T 954*
SEX M 0J8 14APRZG POE USA , NJER , HOBOKEN TYPE RAME R
CTT USA RCDDATE 75
RES USA; HUSB OF KNG, EVA Z01-0T7o9547
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PAGE "00O2
7R580 END" OF 18rrya 034
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==================================================
Page 45
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13-00000
SECRET
FRO'* BAd GE No =
FELTON MARY HR-580 INDEX SEARCH AND 201 CONSOL/DATion REQUEST
DDOZP IC
104127
BRAA
EXT , .1644 TUBE HT DATE iP/F | CONTRoL No
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ip/iNDEX DT - 5 184003
hl
Doc _ Ref . )
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SEARCH INSTRUCT | ONS To IP/ IN)
ip/f iLES DT- 6 GC 5 2
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IP / RMS DW- 6 GA - 20
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SURNAME GTVEN NAMES
Car J#e_
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NO RECORDS DENT IF |ABLE WiTH SUBJECT THERE ARE OTHER INDICES THAT YOU SHOULD CONS DER
SEE REVERSE STDE FOR CHECKLiST OF OTHER INDICES AND
201 CONSOL DAT | ON INSTRUCT | ONS
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WYDEX RECORDS ATTACHED REVIEw iNDEX RECORDS
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==================================================
Page 46
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13-00000
SECRET
201 CONSOL |DATion INSTRuct |onS See Do | 70-20 )
1 IF SUBJECT HAS A 201 FILE_ SEND THIS FORM To IP / RMS WI TH THE INDEX RECORDS
MARKED IN GREEN To REFLECT THE CONSOL DAT | ON ACT | ON TAKEN (documents
shou / d then be P laced i0 the 20 1 , by the Resea rcher) .
2 _ WHEN SUBJECT HAS NO 201 FILE, BUT MEETS THE REQU | REMENT FOR OPEN ING A 201
FILE . SEND THIS FORM To IP /RMS Wi TH:
A. A COMPLETED FORM 831 ,
B ALL PERTINENT DOCUMENTS _ EXTRACTS _ AND PROPERLY ED TED RECORDS FOR
CONSOL I DAT I ON OF THE FILE BY IP / RMS _
5 | GNA Ture Of REcORDS OFFICER DATE
CHECKLiST Of OTHER indicES: REQUESTER SHOULD ALSO CONS DER TRAC ING THE FOLLOWING SOURCES WH |CH ARE NOT
SEARCHED BY IP/ INDEX SEE NAME TRACE HANDBOOK )
DATE DATE DATE DATE SOURCE REQUESTED RECE VED SOURCE REQUESTED RECE IVED
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RAVEL PROGRAMS dOmESTic COLLECTION D |VIsiON
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==================================================
Page 47
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13-00000
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13Q0000
SECRET;
(When ' Fiwled #In):
'CONTROL_ No; (Filled zin: byIPI FILES)
RS6L DOCUMENT : SERVI CE; REQUEST
FROM; GRegue@tef nauen)%OR A;RRTX REQUESTER GUMME D LABEL PATTEZOF: 'REQUEST
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6
Ho FILE NUMBER DocUMEN SYMBOL DociMENT; DiSPOsI FJONL OEEREQUEST;
AND: NUMBER DATE: "e #ed ey IPL Eiies)
86
3.Z7 29 3 [3_0 SFONSE
Ps
Meec Poasa
FORM 1870 US E PREV f0 U $
2 74 Ed / Ti ons SEOREF CL;, BY: 007622 (38)
Q
8o7P 1ec855
3 CoPY
ATACHED
REERY
PR0,31LZ
==================================================
Page 50
==================================================
13-00000
SECRET
(When Filled In)
contRoL No . (Fiiled in. by 'IP/FILES)
FELTON MARY:
HR;-580
DOCUMENT SERV ICE REQUEST
DOOZPIC
EXTA 1644
1041278
DATE 0F REQUEST
TUBE HT)
SECRET E2 IMPDET CL BY 004108
BRANCH ROOM No PHONE: No
To: DATE
initiALs
Rcd Fmd INSTRUCTIONS
IP/FTLES DT-6 'Uge - this form: to request files and/ or document8 ffom .IP/FILES . (Not t0 be used.in Kieu 0 f Form REQUESTER 362. ).
2 . IncZude: bad6e number and tube '8'tation in FROM block 1f 8 ummed Labe1 hes not been i ued_ IP LES 3 Indicate tYPe of charge: DT 6 @rs Ml_
Aiexd Temporary Permanent
Indicate aoufce- of; re ference:
Docunent: {efefence from IP/ Index
SUBJECT mu8 be funi hed) Documentice ference from 8ourc:0 other iE}Blia 0
3 InA
Iaxtin
REC D INIEILES
LEC29:
HoxFILE_ NUMBER: DOcUMENT SYMBOL JOUEocuEN
AND NUMBER S rVeut N:;OF- REQUEST
{7atedsby [IB/Ei4885e2
96
{84210 GARDS ANTAC3M
TriSzrE RENTEHAS Ra
DEBazz [23Z762
ORDPREDEZRQM
ZRajcOrd C01a2 2304Z4CEE1
Ez0
9D082 PEEASE REINRNJ?R0MRH
SHS REEE2NJGE,IT3
SHEEOMERRid
32 MAP la Sod
ZoST 7+b Dz
IVICOv= Da Sentan Wa3nujio
237 PDD?EC 26 F4d124 To74oduto TE$
RE COEID {OEv ATTACHED
ZREEASEERE URNAPROPIDY
R#CORD COFy ATIACEED
42TETSE RETURN @ROMPTLY
40
Form 1870 %eerevrous
2 - 74 Ed ftrons' SECRET: CL:: By;` 007622:
#2ol:
Eze
Imc
==================================================
Page 51
==================================================
1390000
Tainge
0
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9
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naxeeker
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==================================================
Page 52
==================================================
13-00000
1
936
EE4DDZIILE cleC2d BICAIJONOPLLoj.r
FR UNCLASSIELED COMRDENILZ 8EuRET
OFEICTAL FQUTING SLIP
NIENRARDRER3 DATe' INITIALS
OPSTITG Mr Hae#ner 3l_
ES-2
PCAFRicbietL_
Ddo/ Pte Fekton HT -1
Li Direct_RepLy PREPLRE' RepLM
Lepov qispatch RECOLWE NDAZION
coLLI Fiue REurN
COLCuRAEN Infor amon JeNATURE
Remarke:
Pas Fin out the attached form S0 we
Gan report costs to IPS . Note we can
On+y ci.atm the actual search time for
the recards and not the time invo ]ved
Jn revtewing and. sanitizing them _
Thank-yqu _
(a; talked t0 P_ Cochran about this on
the pbone but I'd Iike to get it in
writing. Thanks )
Fold HerE To RETURN To SENDER
FrOM: Name, Addre8s AND PHHOnie No_ Date
I Glry
UNCLASSTFIED CONFIDENTLAL SECRET
GQ '237 Uso provious editions
==================================================
Page 53
==================================================
13-00000
DATE
FOIA REQUEST #ANAGEMENT INFORMAT | On
TiTLE 0f DocuMENT s) ANDTOR SUBJECT FE76- 382
WEISBERG request on Martin LUther King and 'James Ear]
SEARCH
COST (To be
CLASSIF ICAT | ON REV |EW CosT (T?: be
GRADE/ STEP LEVEL MAnHOURS completed by IRS ) GRADE/STEP LEVEL MANHOURS Ompleted by IRS)
4 MtIlh 8 7
TOTAL COST TOTAL COST
DO NOt DETACH THIS SLIP
CHIEF INFORMA TION REVIEW STAFF
RETURN TO
7 C 28 Headquarters
ForM 3533 %0;%'875 P RE V | 0 u s (13.47 ) 75 E D / T | 0ns
Ray
==================================================
Page 54
==================================================
13-00000
NR NAI INFO
(zis Beeg Peques
IPIIN
CCS
X
CI/OPS
DCD
X
FR
X
OPS/ ITG
X
OSG/OC
4
==================================================
Page 55
==================================================
13-00000
ZENDER WILL CHecK CLASSIFICATION TOP AND BOTTOM
UNCLASSIEIED CONFIDENTLL; SECRET
OFFICIAL ROUTING: SLIP
To NAME AND ADdrE5S DATE INITiaLs
GLDDOPIC
€ 'SS; EW: 7
agtion Direct RePLY prepare_QEPLY
AppRoyaL DispatCH REcOMMENDATION
CocMENT FU RETURN
concurrence Inforlation svenature
Remarks:_
If you' ve_ no
ection,: wouid
like to: PrY out some sort of
criteria
FolD HeRE To RETURN To SENDer
FROM: Nme: Adofess AND PHONe No: DATE
A: F Addona. CLDDOLPICLAL HT_l 15_July
UNCLASSTFIED CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
fCrm Nq 237 Uso previovs tditions (40)
~67
Ara/97
Zobj
Andy:_
==================================================
Page 56
==================================================
13-00000
~UNCI4SSIFIED INTERNAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
USE Only
ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET:
SUBJECT:" (Optional)
Request_For_Opinion : FOIA (b26) & Privacy Act
FROM:- EXTENSION No_
Charles A. Briggs
DATE
Chief, Services Staff EW - 1596 15.July 1976
TO: = (Oficer dosignation;' room numbor;; &nd DATE:
building) OFFICER"'$ COMMENTS (Number: each tommont to show from Thom
INITIALS @. whom: Draw ' 0 . lina ocross]Golumn: after 0ach' commonl)
RECEIVED FORWARDED
OGC FOIA FU* 2
2
844
?
83
12:
13_
15_
Fork 61 0 uS DinoGUS SECRET COXFiDENTIAL INTERMAL UNCLASSIFIED
3-62 USE ONLY
==================================================
Page 57
==================================================
13-00000
uNciASSIFIED INTERMAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
USE OKLY
ROUTING AND RECORD SHEET
SUBJECT= (Optional)
Request ForqOpinions FOEA 62.(6} Pcivacy Act:
EXTENSION No_ FROM::
ChaTles A Briggs DATE
Chief Services Staff EW-:7 1596 15.uly 197,6
TO: " (Officer 'dezignatior: toam:. numbat ond DATE:
OFFICER' $ 'COMMENTS: (Number: each-comment Io Shos wrot building) INITIALS t;whom: Draw; 6' line- OCros} column aftor; Oach. comment:_
RCEIVED FORWARDED
CToPSHITG ES=2
Attn P Haefner
3
12
13_
14_
15.
Form 610 USEDinMgus SECRET CONFIDEMTIAL NTERNAL. 'UNCLASSIFIED
3-62 USE ONLY:
from:
==================================================
Page 58
==================================================
13-00000
SS
OgC
Kss memo GQ
{15 Jui 76)
K4 lrequesting
eriterta to
reLease info
under FOTA: as
regarae fanily
privacy Fighter
==================================================
Page 59
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13-00000
Administrative
6
Iniernal Use Only
15 July 1976
MEMORANDUM FOR: Office of General Counsel
ATTENTION C/FOIA/PA
SUBJECT Request For Opinion--FOIA (b) (6) &
Privacy Act
REFERENCE FOIA Request 76-382 ,
copy attached
1_ Mr _ Weisberg has requested under the FOIA
information on :
a . Dr _ Martin Luther King, Jr.
b. Earl Ray
Other individuals involved with the
assassination of Dr . King.
2 _ To ensure consistency in_making determinations
for release under both the FOIA exemptions (b) (6) and
the Privacy Act, of requests such as Mr Weisberg"
S ,
would you please state the current legal criteria to_
apply to these type cases Specifically, it would be
helpful to the DDO to_ have a clearly enunciated legal
opinion regarding what , if any, _ privacy rights the family _
of a deceased individual might have vis-a-vis the deceased
individual. Further , what , if any , privacy rights does
a convicted felon have_
3 . We are aware that each case must be judged on
its own facts_ Hence, we would be grateful for Your
opinion regarding the criteria to apply to Mr Weisberg' s
request . However , a general rule applicable to the type
of request also would be very useful would expedite the
processing of such requests,
and wouid
apply some consistency
in the: decision-making process _
Charles A_ Briggs
Chief , Services Statf
Attachent: Reference
Cc: Paul Haefner, OPS/ITG
Administralive
m
Irterr2l Use Only
==================================================
Page 60
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13-00000
CONFIDENTIAL
30 JUL 11976
MEMORANDUM FOR Privacy and Information Coordinator DDO
SUBJECT Mertin Luther Jr
REFERENCEe F {726 3825
This @Efice recomends following actzon concerning
the 'docunents referred OSITRG
London- 5061 dated 8 June 1968 and Dondon 5062,
da ted 8 June 1968 concerns traveling in London; source:
OE, This information was the FBE; some @f the information
was received ron Scotzand Yazd excluded under 190033 (g) (4)
and exempt} under; (6) (1)5 @B) (i)
Ottawa 5446 dated 8 June; 4968; concerns travel O€
Ga1t (SMABOvE/9) a Canadian Service provided Ehe infor
mation: exempt under (b) (1)5 (B)(1)
UFGT-J16828 dated 15. July1966 concerns Survei_lance
0f Dr; Martin Luther Jr_ by the: Dade County/ Elorida
police '(Criminal' Intelligence) excluded 'under 1900. C4)
Ohn Reag
Chief , Inte idial TeVrorism Group Ipezaidoaz
Staff
QvkLsnp sbb?
@CAl
)GL Ao m
S <ule
CONFIDENTIAL LO_LiMPDET
Cl
0vlSzIZ3
King;
by
Ray
King :=
3(g)
beoa)
6 8
==================================================
Page 61
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13-00000
UNCLASSIFIED INTERNAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
USE ONLy
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
SUBJECT: (Optionol) REQUEST NUMBER
HAROLD WE ISBERG FOR MARTIN LUGHTER KING AND JAMES
HARL RAY DOCLMENTS
FROM: EXTENSION DATE SENT
SUSPENSE DATE
TO: (Oficer dosignation, room qumber , ord DATE
building) OFFICER'S COMMENTS (Number each comment to show from whom
INITIALS @ whom. Draw Iino across column after each commeni:) RECEIVED FORWARDED
Mr . Owen 4 Bl
These are the documents
2 on only. Please
review them and let me
knOw if there are any
3 changes You want made
on them _
OGC is currently
reviewing them and writing
5_ the affadavit. Court
date is 22
6 We will have to incorporate
M your changes into the
affadavit
Helen 10 3125 Thanks
8 Helen X1313
9_
12.
RETURN To:
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
For5 3749 SECRET CONFI DEMTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
USE ONLY
19+c
4 kh
Ray
May _
==================================================
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13-00000
CONFHDENTHAL
2 7 JUL 1976
MEMORANDUM FOR: Privacy and Information Officer, DDO
SUBJECT : Weisberg Request (James Earl Ray)
Part II
REFERENCE 76-F-382
1 This office maintains a two volume 201 file
(201-832732) on the Subject. These files and other
records in this office revealed the following:
a The following overt items are releasable to
the requestor_ There are no exemptions _ Life dated
3 May 1968; New York Times , dated
26 Apiil 1968;
dated Ston Star dated 8 May 1968 ; Washington Star,
dated
April i968; Ray
S Odd Odyssey .
9
undated;
UPI
9
dated 17 1968; Reuters Lisbon, dated 9
June 1968; Reuters _
9
London dated 9 June 1968
Reuters
9
Londen undated; Reuters_
Lisbon
9
9 June
1968 ; Los Sun dated 3 June 1968 ; The Evening
Star dated
de{ JuSxnigda
;
Nashington Post, dated 28
June 1968; Reuters London dated 27 June 1968
Reuters
1
London
9
dated 27 June 1968 ; Reuters London
27 June 1968 ; Associatad Press London
aated
27
June 1968 ; Reuters Londn, dated 27 June 1968 ;
Associated Press
9
'iondon
dated 27 June 1968 ;
Associated Press London dated 27 June 1968 United
Press International (UPI-16) dated 27 June
'i988;
London dated 27 June
1968; iondon
dated 27 June
1968 ; Associated Press
3
dated 27 June 1968 ; Reuters ,
London undated; Reuters London _ uqdated UPI -16 ,
dated
37 June 1968 ; Associated Press Memphis
dated 27 June 1968; Associated Press dasedngton,
dated 27 June 1968 ; Associated Press daked
June 1968 Ramparts 29 June 1968; Reuters London
9 dated 27 June 1968 Reuters London , undated; Reuters ,
Memphis 27 June 1968; The Washington Post dated
28 June
1968;Washington Post Foreign_service
dated
8 June 1968 ; Reuters London dated 27 June
1968;
Washington Post, 28 June
1968;
Reuters
9
London _
9
19 MPDET CL
B ElB CONFLDFNTIAL
May
1
==================================================
Page 63
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13-00000
CONFYJENTIAL
dated 18 June 1968; Associated Press _
9
dated 17 June
1968; Reuters London _ dated 21 June 1968 Reuters
London_ undated Reuters
9
London dated 28 June
1968;
Reuters . undated; Reuters Washington dated 8 June
1968 Reuters London dated 8
June 1968;
Reuters
undated; The Washington Post, 9 June 1968 ; Northern
Virgini? Sun dated 18 April 1968; Northern Virginia
Sun
dated 1} Aprii
1968; The. Washington Post _ dated
8 April 1968; Northern Virginia Sun dated 16 April
1968 St_ Louis Missouri Post-Dispatch dated 5 19681
1968 ; Chicago Illinois News
'dated
8 April 1968 ;
London dateq 27 June 1968 ; London dated 27 June 1968 ;
Associated Prass _ London _
9
undated; London =
9
dated 27
June 1968; Washington Star 27 June 1968 ; New York
Times 18 April Vs68; New York Times dated 18 April
1968 ; New York Tines dated 19 April 1968 ; New York
Times dated 23
Aprti 1968;
Washington Post dated
5 July 1968; Los Angeles Free Press dated
i9 April
1968 ; Washington Star
26 Aprii 1968;
Northern
Virginia Sun dated 25 Wpril 1968; Washington Post ,
dated 27 April 1968 ; Washington Post, dated 4 July
1968; Washington Star dated 30 December 1969
Reuters dated 9 June 1968 ; Reuters London
9
dated
9 June
i968;
EX-3438 dated 969; The Strange Case
of James Earl dated 1969 London_
9
undated;
Associated Press London _ dated_ 10 June 1968;
London dated 10 June 1968 ; London , dated 10 June
1968 ; UPI- 7 London 10 June 1968 Associated
Press London
"aacea
10 June 1968 London .
9
dated
10 . June 1968 ; London _ dated 10 June 1968 ; Reuters ,
London 11 June 1968 Reuters London undated;
London 11 June 1968
Associated Press _
London
dated
i1
June 1968 ; London, dated 10 Vune 1968
Reuters, Washington, dated 10 June 1948; London ,
10 June 1968 ; London dated 10 June 1968; Reuters,
London 10 June 1968; Reuters London _
9
dated 10
June 1968; London + dated 11 June 1968; Reuters dv
London, undated ; Moscow _
9
(Gevorgyan
"%;36 epozeted
botjras
22 November 1968; Moscow Trud (Gevorgyan
dated 22 November 1968} Evening Star datea 9
1968; Washington Post 8 May_1968; Washingtow_Post,
dated 2 July 1968 ; Reuters_ London dated- 11 Vune
1968; Associated Press dated 10 June 1968 ; Rekters ,
London , dated 10 June
'i968;
Associated Press , Toronto,
2
COnZRZENTIAL
7
Ray ;
May
==================================================
Page 64
==================================================
13-00000
CONFIDENTIAL
dated 10 June 1968; Associated Press Toronto, dated
10 June 1968 ; Associated Press London undated; London,
dated 27 June 1968; Associated Press
iondon
dated
30 June 1968 ; UPI-33 _ London
undeted; Associated
Press _
London dated 18 June 1968;
UPI-26
London dated 17
June UPI-13 , dated 18 June
1968; London dated
18 June
"70629687
UPI- 30 , London dated 14 June
1968;
London_ dated 13 June 1968 ;
"iondon
dated 6 July 1968;
Reuters London dated 5 July 1968 Washington Examiner ,
dated 26 April 1968 Associated Press
9
dated 8 July
1968; Reuters London dated 3 July 1968; Reuters
London_
9
dated: 3
July i968;
London, dated 5
July 1968;
Washington . Post dated_ 30 December 1969; Los Vegas
Sun
18 May.1968
Associated Press London, 18 June
1968; Associated Rress London , 18 June 1968. Associated
Press London undated; Reuters London 18 June 1968
Associated Press Toronto, 13 June 1968 London
0Pi8z0 ,
dated 13 June 1968; Reuters London dated 12 June 1968 ;
Associated Press , London
18
June
1968;
London dated
15 June .1968; Associated:Press , dated;;
i2: June
1968 Associated Press London dated June 1968 ;
UPI ~ 58 Lisbon
dated i2
June
i968;
UP I-39 , London
dated
i2
June
i968;
Associated Press, London
dated
3
20 June 1968 ; Associated Press , London
datea
13 June
1968 ; Associated Press , London ,
datad"i3
June 1968 ;
Reuters London
9
undated; Reuters London dated 13
June
1968;
Associated Press, London
"aacea
11 June 1968 ;
UPI-9 _ London
9
dated 11 June . 1968 ;
"Reutess, Nashville,
dated 11 June 1968 ; Associated Press Toronto, dated
11 June 1968 ; Reuters Nashville dated 11 June 1968 ;
Associated Press Washington 11 June 1968 ; UPX-126,
Washington 11 June
1968; Upi-54
Nashville, dated
11 June
1968
; Reuters London , dated 8 June 1968 ;
Reuters
London, dated
20 June 1968 ; Reuters undated;
Associated Press,
London , dated 20 June 1968 ; UPI-61 ,
17 1968 .
b _ The following overt items make mention 0f the
Subject but are not attached. Sqme cannot be reproduced
and others are not available in tNis office The Ottawa
Citizen, dated 10 June 1968 ; The Ottawa Journal dated
10 June 1968 ; The Gazette dated 10 Jne 1968 ; Montreal
Gazette, dated 11 June
1968; Ihe Washington Post,
3
CONFLDENTIAL
27 ,
J
Gonao12
July
==================================================
Page 65
==================================================
13-00000
CONFIDENTIAL
dated 9 June 1968 The Washington Star_ dated 9 June
1968 ; Washington Post dated i7 November 1968; Washington
Post dated 20
Aprii-i968; Washington
Star, dated 28
1968 Time 21 June 1968 Washington Post dated
16 1968;
'Waehington
Star dated
188 Apfil 1968
dased %ton Star dated 10 June 1968; Washington Star
dated April i968; WaShington Post dated 6
'May 1968 ;
Associated Press _
9
Toronto, 10 June
1968;
Associated
Press Londqn dated 10 June 1968; Washington Star
dated 14. 1968; Washington Star, dated 24
1968 ; Washington Post dated 11 June 1968 ; New York
Times , dated 18 Nqvember 1968 ; Time dated 13 September
1968 ; The Militant dated 6 December 1968 ; dasednggon
Star, dated 13 June 1968; Washington Post, dated
June 1968 ; Washington Star, dated 8 April 1969; Washington
Post, dated 3 July 1968 Washington Post 12 November
1968 ; dasedngtou Star dated 24 March 1969 ; Washington
Star dated" June
1968; Washington
Post dated 12 April
1969 dasedngtga_ Star dated 17 March
1969; Washington
Post dated January 1970; Washington Star dated 12
Aprii
1968; Osshizgtoinuos;' dated 16 April 1968;
Washington Post January 1969; Washington Post
dated 19 September 1968; Washington Star
)
23
1968 ; Washington Post, dated 11 November 1968 ; Washington
Post dated 13 November 1968 ; Washington Post dated
12 June 1968; Washington Post
9
dated 14 June
i968;
Washington Star dated 11 June 1968; Washington Star
dated
{904pril j968;
Associated Press 27 June
1968; Washington Star, dated 14 April 1968 ;
dated 26 July 1968; Washington Post, dated 18 January
1969; dasedn%to3z Star, dated 20 January 1968; Washington
Star dated January 1969; Washington Star dated
2 April 1969; Washington Post, dated 1 April 19682
Washington Post
9
dated 30 May 1969 _
Mex / S|*R Lo
Apk? bl, b3
34&-Drr 905301 bv b 1p 63
C The following agency documents are considered
releasable to the requestor in segregated form under
the provisions of the Freedom 0f Information Act
Excised portions are exempt under (b) (3) (a) and (b) (6)
Cables: Director-92664 dated 18 April 1968; Director-
93163 dated 19 April
1968;
Sao Paulo- 8372 (IN-94694) ,
dated 19 April 1968; Director-93162 ; dated 19 April
ConFHDeNTLAL
Axii
May
Aprii AprN
Aprii
Londofiue
Am [0
==================================================
Page 66
==================================================
13-00000
CONFIDENTIAL
1968 ; Director-93261 dated 20 April 1968 ; Director-
93260 dated 20 1968 ; Tokyo-9600 (IN-94797)
dated 20 April 1968 ; Director-93236_ dated 20
1968 Director-93538 dated 22 1968; Bogota=
1 9
0707 (IN-958)
dated
22 April 1968 ; Director- 93603 _ 7
dated 23 April 1968 ; La Paz-4254 dated
23 April 1968 ; Guatemala City-8934
{T819699182) 5
dated
26 April 1968. Dispatches : ONHA - 3982 , dated 22 April
1968; HMMW-16358, dated 22 April 1968 _ Memoranda:
Official Routing dated 22 October 1975; Official
Routing Slip, dated 23 October 1975; Memoranda , dated
23 April 1968 _
2 The following agency documents are exempt from
release _ Exemptions are as cited:
(a) Bogota-0703 (IN-95025) dated 20 April 549681ng
this cable concerns an American National with a 376
resemblance to Eric Starvo Galt; exempt under (b) (3) (a)
and (b) (6) _
(b) Bangkok-9432 (IN-00056) dated 29 April 1968 ;
AirforceInteiligence advised that
a person formerly in
Bangkok knew James Earl Ray; exempt under (b) (3) (a)
(c) Rome - 5861 , dated 3 1968 ; concerns a
James DPOB 8 March 1928 information provided by
Siena
Police
to
(DEEARK/DEGOFIST)
3 exempt under
(6).(1) (5)B(1)
Geralda_ Memorandum, dated 17 April 1968 ; Subject:
3o8 Lee Richards ; exempt under (b) (3) (a) and (b) (6) _
(e) Memorandum, dated 1_ 1968 is a request
for preparation of a transmittal to the FBI that deals 322
with King Assassination; exempt under (b) (3) (a)
(f) Memorandum dated 14 1968 ; Subject:
Assassination of Martin Luther King. Subject in_ this
memorandum is a James Ray , born 8 March 1928 in Los
Angeles - (CSCI 7 316/01763-68) ; the information was
provided by an
Italian intelligence service; exempt
inder (6).(1) 5B(1) :
5
CONFLDENTIAL
Aprii
#mnu-Ik3s? April
Aprii
*3
Slips
32 /
May
Ray
373
62h
May
May
37%
==================================================
Page 67
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13-00000
CONFIDENTHAL
(g) Memorandum , dated 16 May 1968 ; Subject:
Investigation in Japan of Report of Suspicious Action
375 of Another Subject who was Originally Described as
Resembling Suspected Assassin; contains information
provided; by_ the Japanese National Police Agency; exempt
Frou 3 d&uQ14 under 6abbos) (b) (6) and (b) (1) 5B(1) Di
Fx]
3
Cleno}_de
8 k $
bi(qas}
4
Maulo (h) for the Record, dated 19 Aprii
Ddo 1968 ; Subject: Unknown Subject, possibly identifiable
Gis IT6
with Eric Starvo Galt; the information was based on
369
EeleAacle'
clandestine photography of the Cuban embassy in Mexico
Gityymexempt &) (3,(22 (b) (6) and (6) (1) (5) B(1)
Wazi (9
Souol t
28_ 6 w 2 _ b L (65 famey Eazl Dc
3 _ the documents concern the Earl
Ray case but do not mention the Subject by name All are
exempt under (b) (3) (a) and (b) (6)
(a) Bight biographic sketches on individuals
36 |- 38hought
to be associated with the case
(b) Memorandum, dated 17 April 1968 ; Subject:
3 9 Gerald Lee Richards
(c) The Hague - 4137 (IN-94424) dated 19 April
1968 ; station and liaison traces provided no evidence
870 that Subject had ever been in the Netherlands; exemptions
(b) (1) SB(1) also applies .
(d) La Paz-4228 (IN-94482) , dated 19 April 1968 ;
La Paz morning papers carried photos of FBI Wanted
39 /
Posters _
(e) Caracas-9414 (IN-94487) , dated 19 April 1968 ;
3" 2 requests photo be pouched.
(f) San Jose-0157 (IN-94496) , dated 19 April 1968 ;
3 9 3 requests photo be pouched.
(g) Director-93306 , dated 19 . April 1968 ; states
3? Y that two copies of photo sent 19 April.
(h) Director-92897 , dated 19 April 1968; states
3 95
two copies of photos sent.
37 (i) Director-92895 , dated 19 April 1968 ; states
two copies of photos sent -
ConflDENTIAL
Fe{
leac
bl 03-
376-378
Ray
==================================================
Page 68
==================================================
13-00000
CONFIDENTHAL
(j) Director-93264 , dated 20 April. 1968 ; concerns 397 one
Edwin Mason _
(k) Panama City-6150 (IN-95853) dated 22 April
39r1968; concerns the detention of two Americans who were
suspect.
(1) San Jose-0162 (IN-95902) , dated 23 April
1968 ;` queries fail to reveal any knowledge of Wolman or
Hubbard (subjects of Panama City-6150 , above) _
(m) Panama City-6180 (IN-97560) , dated 24 April
1968 ; concerns a Roderick Claflin Brown
9
Panamanian
400 National,_ who voluntarily signed a deposition that
when his ship docked in Mobile Ala_ in October 1962
he was approached with a job that might have had
some thing to do with Dr King
(n) Panana City-6193 dated 25 April
f6r 1968 concerns material being
XINpoxchea'
to the Station
(ie the deposition of R. Brown cited above)
(0) Director-94343 , dated 25 April 1968; Station
L/ozsent
a request to pouch copy of deposition and letter.
(p) HZPT-10075 , dated 26 April 1968 ; transmits
403 & copy of deposition material as requested.
(9) Lagos-9878 , dated 28 April 1968 ; requests
that the Embassy inquire of Wilder. Company concerning
one J. B . Musgrave
(r) Lagos-9888 (IN-00793) dated 30 April 1968 ;
reveals subject of Addis Ababa-
2200
is not the man we
seek.
(s) Director-95641, dated 30 April 1968; is a_
that future traffic be sent in Air Force Channels .
(t) Memorandum dated 2 May 1968 ; concerns a 4o 7 Roderick
Claflin Brown a Panamanian National; forwarded
to the FBI Brown S deposition. Baaaa
CONFIDENTIAL
3r9
offeflaz
40 4
Yox
Yobrequest
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Page 69
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CONFHDENTIAL
(u) Memorandum to the FBI , dated 6 1968;
Subject: Joe Bailey Musgrave .
(v) Memorandum to the FBI dated 13. 1968 ;
Subject: Joe: Baitey Musgrave; forwarded passport
photos of Musgrave
Frankfurt-5732 (IN-18095) dated 24 1968 records)
0f the Federal Criminal Police: provided a negative
cti
reply (re Galt) ; exempt under (b) (1) (5)B(1)
4 Seven FBI reports which mention the Subject and/or
his activities; excluded under 1900.3(g) (4) See Attachment I.
a Undated: Memo _ sanitized for release if the
c U FBI concurs; exenptions (b) (3) (a) and (b) (6)
b Cactus-001, dated 22 January 1973 ; concerns
Yizproposed hijacking of an unidentified aircraft.
C Photos of Bric Starvo Galt, aka Harvey
Y/m Lawmyer and John Willard.
414 d. Photo of an unidentified individual.
4is .e. Photo of an unidentified individual
4k €. FBI Wanted Poster FBI No . 405 942G _
IdentiticEBion
g . FBI Wanted Poster FBI No_ 405 9426 ,
order 4132
9
20 April 1968 _
5 Departnent of State telegram Ottawa-1813 , dated
8 June 1968 _ Reports of the apprehension in London of James
Earl Excluded under 1900,3(g) (4) See Attachment II_
S0 6 AB Memo , number 9605 dated 24 April 1968 which
forwarded information on the Subject is attached for your
contact with C/TSD/ AB/ PDS concerning the releasibility of
this information. See Attachment III
8
SONFIDENTIAL
May
YoX
May
Yo9
May
Y0
Ray .
==================================================
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CONFIDENTHAL
6 _ The cited documents are available in this office
if needed.
Vphn
Chief, Inte 'natilnal Tlrrorism Group
Operations Staff
Attachment: a / s"
9
ConFldENTIAL
N
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CONFHDENTHAL
MBMORANDUM FOR: PrIvecy and Infornation OffIcer, DDO
SUBJBCT : Weisberg Request (James Berl Rey)
Part II
REFERENCB : 76-P-382
1. Thts office meintalns two volume 201 ffle
(201-832732) on the Subject. These files and other
records In this office Tevealed the followlng :
2 J
The followIng OvBtt items are releasable to
the requestot: There aTB no exempetons . Life dated
3 May 1968;2 New York Tlmes , dated
7a Ap;11" 1988;
aWashington Scar deted 8 May 1968;4 Washington Ster ,
6der;dZ 28 Apr4l
i958;5Ray
3 Odd Odyssey
)
undated;
"deted 17 1968 ;7 Reuters iisbon , dated 9
June 1968; $Reuters London dated 9 June 1968 ;
9Reuters London
9
undated;/Reuters Liabon, 9 June
1968 ; Los defaj Sun_ dated 3 June 1968;2The Evening
Star dated
Juiy i968;uwashington Post,
dated 28
June
1968 l4Reutersil London_ dated 27 June 1968;
IGReuters London dated 27 June 1968 ;/bReuters London ,
27 June 1968;) Associated Press London
datea
27
June 1968 ;i Reuters London dated 27 June 1968 ;
mAssociated Press =
iondon, dated
27 June 1968 ;
JoAssociated Press = London dated 27 June 1968;iUnited
Press International (UPI-16} dated 27 June 1968 ;
21London deted 27 June 1968
;riondon
dated 27 June
1968
AAssociated
Press
9
dated 27 June 1968;Reuters_
9 London udated;Reuters London undated; QUP I-16 ,
deted {7 June 1968; GAssocieted Press
0
dated 27 June 1968; Associated Press
dated 27 June 1968; Associated Pre8s_ dated
June 1968;3(Ramperts_ 29 June 1968 ;2Reuters
9
London_
9 dated 27 June 1968 ;33Reuters London undated;ZReuters ,
Memphis
1
27 June 1968;XThe Washington Post dated
28 June 1968 ;lWashington
Post Foreign service
dated
8 June 1968;7Reuters London dated 27
June 1868;
~{Weshington Post, 28 June 1968;}@Reuters , London
E impdft CL 0
0SGA.3.
Confydzntial
1976 JUL 2 7
May
E6
==================================================
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13-00000
CONFIDENTIAL
deted 18 June 1968; H'ssoclated Pro8s , daced 17 June
1968;4Reuters London
0
dated 21 June 1968 E Reuce;ss8;
London , undated; UReuters , London , detad 28 June
44Reuters undated, Reuters Weshington dated 8 June
1968;( Reuters London deted 8 June
18685 Reuters ,
unde€ed;rThe Nashington Post, 9 June 1968 ;@Northern
Virginle Sun dated 18 AprLl 1968 7DNorthern Virginia
Sun , dated
1z Apfif
1968is(The Nashington Post, dated
8 Aptll 1968;@Northera Virginta Sun , dated 16 Aprtt
1968 ;ssSt _ Lonss Misgourt, Pobt-Dispatch dated 5
April 1968 ,Achicago Illinois News
"axced
8 April 1968;
ss London , deted 27 June 1968 ;reLondon , deted 27 June 1968;
s7Associated Pres8_ London, undated;s8London dated 27
June 1968 Star 27 June 1968 ;6 New York
Tines 18
tizyso,eee
April
York Tines _
0
dated 18April
1968 ;6ZNew York Tines.
'
dated 19 . April 1968 ;L New York
Times , dated 23 1968 erWashington Post dated
5 1968 #Los
n2ialde
Free Press deted
'i9 April
1968
Juliva9oingtor
Ster
26 Aprli 1963 7Northorn
Virginfa Sun
aated Z8
1968 ;(Weshington Post,
dated 27
Apti1
1968
Ahaaninitop
Post, dated 4 July
1968 7 Washington Ster , dated 30 December 1969;
7(Reuters deted 9 June 1968 ;7AReuters London deted
9 June
i968,EEX-3458 deted 1969;74The Strange Case
0f James Barl Rey ;7dated 1969;7 London undated;
77Associeted Press London dated 10 June 1968 ;
78 London , dated 10
June 1988;1London_
dated 10 June
1968,3 UPI-7 London , 10 June 1968 ;aAssociated
Press , iondon
dated 10 Jwne 1968 ;QLondon dated
10 June
1968 gLondon _
dated 10
June 1968 ; Reuters_
London _
)
11 June 1968;@ Reuters London undeted;
8L London 11 June 1968
fAssociated
Press London _
dated "i1
June 1968 ;68 London deted 10 June 1968
(9 Reuters _= Washington _ dated 10 June 1968 ;ILondon ,
10 June 1968 ; London dated 10 June 1968,Reuters ,
London 10
June 1968 Reuters
London dated 10
June 1968;14London
deted 11 June 1968
;oReuters
London , undated; Moscow (Gevorgyan Report)
dated
22 November 1968 ; IMoscow_Trud (Gevorgyan Report)
dated 22 November
988;03 "7,1863
Star dated 9 May
1968;m Washington Post, 8 May ;"Washington_Post ,
dated 2 July 1968 ;olReuters London dated 11 June
1968;Associeted Press deted 10 June 1968 e Reuters
London , dated 10 June
i968,Associated Press, Toronto ,
2
CONFIDZNTIAL
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13-00000
CONFIDENTIAL
dated
10 June 1968,BAssocteted Press,
Toronto, dated
10 June 1968 ; Assocfated Press London undated ;pLondon ,
deted 27 June #Ui %5, zocdored"ndeced 'London
deted
30' June 1968 33, London
undated,r Associated Pross,
London _ deced 18 June 1968 ;1 UPI-26_ London deted 17
Juno
1968
13 _ dated 18 June
1968o@fondon
da ted
18 June
d68pmuk:38,
dated 14 June
1868 ;
Ils London , dated 13 June: 1968 dated 6 1968;
(7 Reuters_ London
1
deted 5 July Exaniner ,
dated 76+27 ApI1l 1968;HMAesociated Presg deted 8 July
1968 ; Reuters London dated 3
July 1968 @Reutera
London , dated
3 July i96o,ttondon,
dated
5 Juiy 1968 ;
n3 Neshington Post dated 30 December 1969;1os Vegas
Sun {988,7,85ocidoed Presoc ccodor;e; ' Juoad398e]"Assoe
Press London , 18 June 8
MAssoeteced
Press London , undated
;uReuter:
London 18 June {Pi92o _
(29
Associatod
Presg Toronto, 13 June 1968
riondon
deted 13 June
1968 Reuters
London dated 12 June 1968 ;
1aAssoclaeted Pres8, London
18
June
1968 , aondon
dated
13 June 1968:/ Aseoclated Preas , London
deted"iz June
1968; Associated Press London
dated iz June 1968 ;
136 UPI- 58 _ Lisbon
dated iz
June
i968, UPf-397
London dated i2 Jupoli96a;eissociated Ptess iondon _
dated
20 June 1968; Associated Press ,
iondon 'aatea
13 June
1968 "Associated Press , London dated
is
June 1968 ;
4/ Reuters London , undated , Reuters London dated 13
June
1988;uns8ocated
Press
0
London "aatea
11 June 1968 ;
144UPI-9 , London
1
dated 11 June 1968
{yreuters Nashville ,
deted' 11 June 1968; Associated Press , Toronto, dated
11 June 1968; Reuters Nashville dated 11 June 1968 ;
48 Associated Press,
Waghington
11 June 1968 ; MUPI-126 ,
Washington 11 June 1968
BSopi-54
Nashville, dated
11 June 1968 JSiReuters London , dated 8 June 1968
(S3 Reuters
London, deted
20 June 1968 ;sReuters undated ;
(54Associated Press, London , dated 20 June 1968
{Pi-61,
17 July 1968 .
b The following ovort 1tems make mention of the
Subject but are not attached. Sone cennot be reproduced
and others are not available in this office The Ottewa
Citizen, dated 10 June 1968 The Ottawa Journel dated
10 June 1968 ; The Gazette dated 10 June 1968 ; Montreal
Gazette, dated 11 June
1968;
The Nashington Post,
3
CONFIDENTIAL
{eudotiondedAaintes July
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Page 74
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13-00000
CONFHDENTIAL
deted 9 Juno 1968; The Washington Ster_
0
dated 9 June
1968 ; dasod7z8onp1i5 dated 17 November 1968; Washington
Post dated
April i968;edeshington Star, dated
28 Aprii 19885
Time_ 21 June 1968 ; WashIngton Post dated
16 Mey 1968;
Naehiagtou
Star, dated 18
755%4
Nashington 8tar deted 10 Jue 1968; Star
dated
zi Aptil i960; COnco,nEGo3 Post dated 6
May 1968 ;
Associated Presa,_ Toronto, June 1968; Associared
Press London deted 10 June 1968; WeshIngton Sear
dated 14
Aprti 1988; Waghington Ster ,
datea 24
1968; Washington Post, deted 11 June 1968; New York
Tines , dated 18 November 1968; Time
0
dated 13 Septenber
1968 ; The MilItant, dated 6 December 1968; dared"e5on
Ster_
>
dated 13 June 1968 ; Washington Post, dated
June 1968; Neshington Ster . dated 8
April 1969, Waghington
Post , dated: 3 1968 ; Nashington Post , 12 Novembor
1968 ; dasedngtou Star deted 24 March 1969; Neshington
Scat _ dated
June 1968; Weshington Post
dated 12 April
1969 ; daseargtSa Ster, dated 17 Merch 1969; . Nashington
Post dated January 1970; Weshington Ster dated 12
Apzii 1968;_Washington Post_
deted 16 April 1968 ;
dated"{co3epcent 26 January 1969; Naghington Post_
dated September 1968 ; Washington Ster
1
23
1968; Washington Post, dated 11 November 1968 ; Washington
Post _ dated 13 November 1968; Washington Post dated
12 June 1968; WashIngton Post, dated 14 June
i968;
Washington Star deted 11 June 1968 ; Washington Star
deted 19
i968;
Associeted Pr0ss, London 27 June
1968 ;
Nosh}Egton9g8a5^
dated
17 Aprii ' 1968; Fine=
dated 26 July 1968 ; Washington Post _ dated 18 January
1969 ; dasedn{foJaste;;
1
dated 20 Jenuary 1968 ; Washington
Star dated January 1969; WashiestonAprif
9
dated
2 April 1969; Washingcon Post, 1 April 1969 ;
Nashington Post , dated 30 Mey 1969 .
C The following agency documents are considered
releesable to the requestor in gegregated form under
the provisions of the Preedom of Informetion Act_
Bxcised portions are exempt under (b) (3) (&) and (b) (6) .
Cables: Director-92664 deted 18 April 1968; Director-
93163 deted 19 April
1968;
Sao Paulo-8372 (IN-94694) ,
dated 19 April 1968; Director-93162 , dated 19 April
ZONF'=ntial
Aprii
July
Aprii
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13-00000
CONFIDENTIAL
1968 ; deted 20 April 1968; Director-
93260,
Dazeetoza9326ti
dated 20 1968 ; Tokyo-9600 (IN-94797) _
dated 20 ' Aptil 1968; Director-93236 _ deted 20
Apzi1
1968; Direceor-93538 dated 22
Ga
1968 ; Bogote-
0707 (IN-9550)
dated
22 April Director-95603 ,
dated 23 1968; La Pez-4254 dated
23 April
18
Guatemale CIty-8934
47n503312) 5
>
deted
26 April 1968 _ Diepatches : ONHA- 3982 _ daced ` 22 Apr1l
1968; HMMN-16355, da ted 22 Aprfl 1968 . Menorande :
Official Routing deted 22 October 1975; Official
S1Lp,
7
dated 23 October 1975; Memoranda dated RovAp1E,
23 1968 ,
2 , The following agency documents are exempt from
release. Bxemptlons at6 a8 Clted:
(a) Bogota-0703 (IN-95025) dated 20 April 1968
this cabfe concerns an American Netional with a
striking
resemblance to Bric Starvo Galt; exempt under (b) (3) (a)
and (b) (6) .
(b) Bangkok-9432 (IN-00056) , dated 29 Aprtl 1968 ;
Airforce Intefligence advised that 8 person formerly in
Bangkok knew James Earl exempt under (b) (3) (e) -
(c) Rome - 5861 , deted 3 May 1968; concerns 8_
James DPOB 8 March 1928 Infornation provided by
Siena
Poiice
to
(DEPARK /DEGOFIST)
; exempt under
(b) (1) (5)B(1) .
(d) Memorandum , dated 17 April 1968; Subject:
Gerald Lee Richards ; exempt uder (b) (3) (a) and (b) (6) .
(e) Memorandum dated 1_ May 1968 is a request
for preparetion of a trangmittal to the FBI that deals
with King Assassination; exempt under (b) (3) (&)
(f) Memorandum , dated 14 1968 ; Subject:
Assassinatlon of Martin Luther KIng. Subject in this
memorandum is a James born 8 March 1928 in Los
Ange les .
(CSCI-316/01763*68) 1
the information was
provided by an
Italian inteliigence service; exempt
upder (b) (1) 5B(1) .
5
SonflDential
S14Pg
Ray ;
Ray
May
Ray
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Page 76
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13-00000
CONFIDENTIAL
(e) Menorendum , dated-16 1968 ; Subject:
in Japan of Report Of Suspiclous Actlon
0f
Sxyeso-Kefioubjeed
who was Orleinelly Doscribed 49
Regembling Suspected Asgass1n ; contelns informetion
provided the National Pelice Agency ; exempt
under (b) (3) (e) ,
"385785;
and (6) (1)5B(1) .
(h) Memorandum for the Record , dated AdonA{%Hable 19
1968;_Subfect: Unknown Subject, posstbly
With Bric Stervo Galt; the Inforetion wa 3 baged on
clandeseine photogrephy Of the Cuban enbassy in Mexico
City; exempt under (b) (3) (0) ; (b) (6) and (6) (1) (5)B(1) .
3 . the following documents coneetn the Jemes Barl
Ray case but do not mention the: Subject by nawe , Al1 ar0
exempt undor (b) (3) (e) end (D) (6) .
(a) Bight biogrephic sketches on individuals
thought to be associated wIth the Ray cage ,
(b) Memorandum, dated 17 April 1968; Subject:
Gereld Lee Richards .
(c) The Hague-4137 (IN-94424) , dated 19 April
1968; station and liaison treces
provlded
no evidence
that Subject had ever been In the Netherlands ; exemptions
(b) (1) 5B(1) a1s0 appiies.
(d) La Paz-4228 (IN-94482) . dated 19 April 1968 ;
La Paz morning papers cerried photos of PBI Wented
Posters _
(e) Caracas-9414 (IN-94487) , dated 19 April 1968 ;
requests photo be pouched
(f) San Jose-0157 (IN-94496) , dated 19 April 1968 ;
requests photo be pouched.
(g) Director-93306 , dated 19 April 1968 ; states
that two copies of photo sent 19 Aprii.
(h) Director-92897 , dated 19 April 1968 ; states
two copies of photos sont.
(i) Director-92895 , dated 19 April 1968 ; states
two copies Of photos sent.
CONFHDENTIAL
Mey
by
==================================================
Page 77
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13-00000
CONFIDENTHAL
(j) Director-93264 , dated 20 April 1968; concerns
one Edwin Mason
(k) Panama City-6150 (IN-95853) dated 22 Apr4l
1968 ; concetn; the detentlon of two Americans who Were
suspect .
(1) San Joge-0162 (IN-95902) , dated 23 Apt11
1968 ; queries ferl; to reveal any
knowledge Of Wolnan or
Hubbard (subjectb 0f Panama City-6150 , above) .
(m) Paname City-6180 (IN-97.560) , deted 24 April
1968 ; concetna a Roderick Claflin Brown , Panamanian
Na tfonal who voluntarIly 8gned a deposition that
when his shlp dockod in Moblle Ala . 1n Oecober 1962
he was , approached wIth 4 Job offer that mighe heve had
gom6- thing to do wIth Dr
(n) Penana CIty-6193 (IN-98420), dated 25 April
1968 concerns material being pouched to the Stetion
(ie the deposition of Ra Brow cIted above) .
(0) Director-94343, dated 25 April 1968; Station
sent a request to pouch copy of deposition and lotter.
(p) HZPT-10075 , dated 26 April 1968 ; transmit;
a copY of deposition material es requested_
(9) Lagos-9878 , dated 28 April 1968 ; requests
that the Embassy inquire of Wilder Company concerning
one J. B. Musgreve .
(r) Legos-9888 (IN-00793) dated 30 April 1968 ;
reveals subject of Addis Ababa -
2200
is not the man we
seek_
(s) Director-95641, dated 30 Apr1l 1968 ; 13 a
request' that future traffic be sent in Air Force Channels.
(t) Memorandum , dated 2 1968 ; concerns a
Roderick Claflin Brow , a Panamanian National; forwarded
to the PBI Brown S deposition _
CONFIDENTIAL
King .
May
==================================================
Page 78
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13-00000
CONFIDENTIAL
(u) Memorandun to the FBI , deted 6 May 1968;
Subject: JJoe Bailey Musgrave.
(v) Menorandum to the PBI , dated 13. 1968 ;
Subject: Joe Bailey Musgrave ; forwarded passport
photos of Musgrave.
(w) Frankfure-5732 (IN-18095) dated 24 Mey 1968 ;
records Of the Federel
Criminai Poiice Provided
a negetIve
reply (re Gelt) ; oxempt under (b) (1) (5)B(1) .
4 Seven FBI reports which mention the Subject and/or
his activities ; excluded under 1900.3(g) (4) . See Attachment I.
4, Undeted Memo, sanitized for releebe if the
FBI concurs ; exemptions (b) (3) (a) and (b) (6) .
b. Cactus-001, dated 22 January 1973; concetns
proposed htjacking of an unidentified aIrcraft.
C Photos of Bric Stervo Galt, ake Harvey
Lawmyer and John Willerd.
d. Photo of an unidentified individual-
0 Photo of an unidentiffed individual.
f_ FBI Wanted Poster FBI No . 405 9426 .
PBI Wanted Poster PBI No . 405 942G , Identification
order 4132 , 20 April 1968 .
5 , Department of State telegrem , Ottawa-1813 , dated
8 June 1968 _ Reports of the apprehension in London of James
Berl Ray - Excluded under 1900,3(8)(4) . See Attachent II.
6 , AB Memo , number 9605 deted 24 April 1968 whlch
forwarded information on the Subject is attached for Your
contact With C/TSD/AB/PDS concerning the releasibility of
this information , See Attachment III.
8
CONFIDENTIaL
Mey
==================================================
Page 79
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13-00000
'CONFHDENTIAL
6 The cited documents are evailable in thls office
if needed.
John J. Reagan
John J. Reagan
Chlef, Internatlonal Terrorism .Group
Operations Staff
Attachment: a/9
9
CONFLDENTIAL
==================================================
Page 80
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13-00000
memo
9
Eo ADDo
re
FBT
con Eact
WZCIA
regard
KING
==================================================
Page 81
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13-00000
2 CGC 76-5413
4 October 1976
MEMORANDUM FOR Associate Deputy Director for Administration
Attn: Chief _ Security Analysis Group, OS
Director of Personnel
Associate Deputy Director for Science and Technology
Vssociate Deputy Director for Operations
Attn: ISS/IP/EIS
D/DCI/Intelligence Community
DIDCI/ for National Intelligence Officers
Legislative Counsel
Inspector General
Executive Secretary
FROM Richard H_ Lansdale
Associate General Counsel
SUBJECT Rev . Martin Luther Jr _
1S At the Attorney General' s direction_ 2 task force was established
in 1976 by the Office of Professional Responsibility of the Justice
Department to review the activities of the Federal Bureau of Investigation
in relation to the late Rev_ Martin Luther Jr . , his assassination'
and the Bureau's investigation of that murder
2 , Pursuant to the Attorney General's directive_ Justice is Czn-
vassing those investigative agencies of the Government which tnight have
been contacted by the FBI to secure or deliver information for intelli-
gence , for investigative assistance (before or after the assassinztion) _
or for any form of counterintelligence action in relation to Dr
3 It is_requested that 2 check be made_of_yeur records to
determine the extent and nature ofanycontects with_ CIA the_FBI
in regard to the Rev - Martin Luther Jr _
4 DoJ has expressed some urgency in responding to their
request _ Therefore , please advise this Office of the results of your
search at your earliest convenience_ but no later than close of business
21 October 1976 .
Rall H. Ean-l
Kichard H. Larsdlale
ctsu 01
King,
May
King,
King _
by
King,
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TPS
beSp
Eo
WEETSBERG
7
==================================================
Page 83
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13-00000
2 & APR" 1977
Janes %, Lesat ,
Attorney #t Law
1231 Fourth Street_ S.#.
Xashington , DC
20024
Dear Mr . Lesar:
This is In partiel responso to Your dated 11
June 1976 rade on benalf of YouT client Xr_
Requeatoldatedsb1rg .
Plcase refer aZso to Our letters dated
i1
June 1976 S0
Yoveaber 1976 and
15 January 1971
Per our recart telephone
conversation this partial response addresses itself to that
part: Of your lettcr requesting records pertaining to. James
Earl Ray .
The zaterials located thus far have been revisver
carefelly , and our deterninations JT8 05 follows :
Eclosed , Tab 1 , Jre copics of ths following itcns Mhich
2r8 being releascd to You In theit entirety :
1 Ose book exCorpt.
2-109 . Ona hundred and eight (108) press itor3 +
110-134. Twenty-five (25) UPI wite itens
135-171, hirty-seven (37) Reuters Xire itbrs .
172-225 . Fifty-two (52) AP wiro ite7s_
Lnclosed a1so Tab B are secregable portions s€ tha
docunents
iisted boio
Deletions in the originals
weya Rade
unaler the exenptlon provisions 9f the Freedon pf Inforration
Act stbsections which are glven with cach docuaent cited
Esq .
==================================================
Page 84
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13-00000
The #pplicability of tkese exezptions has been explainea
€0 You in Our carlicr corresponec3co .
Cocuzents Exerztion:
224-225. Txo cables
"
dated 10 April 1968 . (6) (1),, (6) ( 3)
226 . Cable, Jated 10 April 1968 _ (b) (3} , 8388'
227-229 . Thrce cables, datea 19 April 1968. (b)(3)., 8388
230-235 , Four cables, dated 20 April 1968 . 8383' 03(3},
234-235. Two cables
9
dated 22 April 1968 . (b) (3) , 88 '
256-237 . Two dispatches , dated 22 April 1968 . (b) {1} , (6)(3)
238-239 . Two cables , da€ed 23 April 1963 . (D) (3)
9
888 '
249 . Menorandua, dated 23 April 1968. 8383 (6)cs) ,
241 . Cable , dated 26 April 1968. (6) (1} , (b) (3}
242 . Routing dated 22 October 1975. (6) (3) , 88'
245 . Routing slip, dated 23 October 1975. 838, (b)c3) ,
The docurents listed belov are withheld in their
entirety undler the exeaption provisions
bsi3e
the Freedon 0f
Informaton Act subsections given with #Jch octent.
Docurents Exeentions
244 . Nexorandum
1
datcd 17 Apriz 1968. (b) (3} , 838'
245 . Merorandta , dated 19 April 1968 . 8383' ()() ,
246 . Ceblc , dated 20 April 1963 . 88' ()(),
slip,
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Page 85
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13-00000
247
Cable, dated 29 April 1968. 8388: ecs) .
243 . Merorancur
7
dated 1 Way 1968 . '(6) (1) , (6)(5)
249 . Cable, iated 3 1963 . 88' m)(3) ,
250 . Henorani:n , dated 14 Nay 1968. 838' ()(5) .
251. Memorandun , Zazed 16 1962 . 838' (6)(s) ,
252-254- Three cables , Jated June 1968 . {8) (1} , (6)(3)
255 : Menorandta , dated 19 February 1969 . 838: 858=
256 . Memorandu:, dated 28 1969 . 88; 88'
257-264- Eight biographic sketches . (6) 83: 883 '
(b)
265. Mienoranlu _
0
Zated 17 April 1968. 838 ' ()(3) ,
266-272 . Seven Cables, datcd 19 April 1968. 8383 , (6)(3) ,
273. Cable , datea 20 April 1968_ (b) 8' (6)() ,
(b}
274 - Cable , Zated 22 April 1963 . 838' (b) (3} ,
275 . Cable , deted 23 . April 1968 . 83833 , (6)()
276 . Cable, dated 24 April 1968. 8383 + ()(} ,
277-273. Two Cablos , dated 25 April 1963.` 838. ()(s}
2 .
279 . Dispatch , dated 26 April 1968. 838, ()()
2
May
Nay
Hay
==================================================
Page 86
==================================================
13-00000
280 . Cable
2
dated 28 Anril 1968 . (h)(3) , 883 '
281-282 . Tvo Cabl2s , dntsd 30 April 1063 . () (3) , . 838'
283 . Benorendun , datee 2 1968. (6) (3) , 88'
284 . Menorandua, dated 6 Nay 1568 . () {3)
3
838'
235 . Henorandra, aated 15 May 1963 . (6) (3) 838'
'286 - Cable_
0
datee 24 May 1963 . (b) (3) 838'
The decisions ctted above Yers #ade by Hr . harles A.
Brlggs , DDQ Inforration Reviev eficer .
As specified in the Freedon 0f Inforration Act I an
advising Yow 6f Your right to appeal tle abova cecisions
9
but
it tould 38e. Eo b8 BOrO T0ason3bl8 to avaie tke completc
rssults of Out processing bcforo You
actually doternine #bether
to do S0 .
thank You for your patierce and consideration _
'Sincerely ,
@A~lJJ&
SveJ
Gero F. Wilson
Inforsation and Privacy Coordinator
Enclosuros
IPS/EK/cb/20 Apr 77
Orig Adse _
DD?
IPS Chrono
IPS P-76-382 wlcy Tab 3
OLC
OGC
1 Pub Afe/etu
Hay
==================================================
Page 87
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13-00000
7i(6,.
CONFIDENTIAZ
27 April 1977
MEMORANDUM FOR: Chief, Information and Privacy Staff
FROM Charles Aa Briggs
DDO Information Review Officer
SUBJECT FBI Referral re Harold Weisberg Request
on Martin Luther King, Jr, and James
Earl
REFERENCES A Request No . F 76-382
B Referral, Dated 25 March 1977
C_ Briggs Memorandum to IPS dated
26 October 1976
The documents forwarded under Reference B have been
reviewed by the responsible DDO components and the following
deterninations have been made :
a One CIA originated document may be released
in sanitized form (Tab A)
b Five CIA originated_ documents are denied;
they are listed with appropriate exemptions
under Tab B_
Five FBI documents containing CIA information
should be denied; they are listed, with
appropriate exemptions under Tab' C
d Two FBI documents and one CIA document should
be referred to other CIA components for
determinations (see Tab D)
Cbarles A, Br1ege Chhafie}
A= Briggs
Attachnents : a/ s
CC: IPG/ SCB
SA/ C/ LA 2IMPDET CL 3Y_
C3_22_
0tr EUR/ EXO
CONFIDENTHAL
AF/Plans
Ray
==================================================
Page 88
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1
1 7ag A
pS
Cetc 6 Is) pky'
CIh .
Orgaut d Fpl : (syual , ? $ Iu 77
T_hea_aa ~ zd
FOIA/E Request No:_Zb-3k?
DOCUMENI DOCUMENT_DESCRIPTION EXEMPTTONS
NUMBER
Cable Memorandum, Dispatch 6) (1 (b) (2) (6) ( 3 b 6
Other: (5) (1) (b, C, d, e, 5) (k)(1_
Date
TA TX
Other:
Cable, Memorandum, Dispatch (b) (1) (6b) (2), (b) (3) (b) (6}
Other: (j) (1) (b , C, d, e, f),.(k) (1}
Date Other:
Cable, Memorandum, Dispatch (1) (1) (b) (2) ~(b) (3),.-(b) (6)
Other: (j) (1)(6,-C,-d,-e,_8), (B)(V)
Date Other:
Cable, . Memorandum; Dispatch- (b) (1) (b) (2); (6) (3);: (b) (6)
Other_ (j) (1) (b,. Cy d;. e, f), (k) (1)
Date Other:
Cable, Memorandum, Dispatch (6) ( 1) ; (1) (2) , .(b) (3) , (61) (6}
Other (j) (1) (6; c; d, e;. f), (k) (1)
Date Other:
Cable;: Memorandum, Dispatch (b) ( 1) , (1) (2) ," (6) (3) , (b) (6}
Other (j) (1) (b,: C, d, f), (k) (1)
Date Other:
Cable, Memorandum, Dispatch (b) (1) (b) (2) , (1) (3) (b) (6}
Other: (j) (1) (b, c, d, e, f), (k) (1}
Date Other:
Cable, Memorandum, Dispatch (b) (1) _ (b) (2) , (b) (3) (b) (6)
Other: (j) (1) (b, c, d, E), (k) (1)
Date Other:
Cable, Memorandum, Dispatch (6) (1) , (6) (2) , (b) (3) , (b) (6)
Other: (1) (1) (b, c, d, f) , (k) (1)
Date Other:
4
{
e,
e,
e}
==================================================
Page 89
==================================================
13-00000
Mr: Tolson _:
Mr. DLoch_,
Mr: Molr.
Gtt Mtr. Bixhop_ 1
13 M:: Canahin
Mr. Conrad.
4TC Mr: Fdt
Mr.
Mr.
fr. 0,
Mr. 'Tavel
Nr: Trotter_
Tele. Room G.LA
Miss Holmes__
Miss Gandy
RR ESV
DE ESC 05 0 1322137
RELEASE
ZNY SSSSS
R 1 16032 APR 68
FM DIRECTOR CIA
To 'D IRECTOR FBI
7 urkit)
BI
S E C R E T
CIA NBR 9 0520
SUBJECT: CLAUDE CHESIERY MCLAREN JBA
A SENSITIVE RELIABLE SOURCE In MEXICO CITy REPORTED THAT
SUBJECT , BORN 12 SEPT 1936 In TEXAS , U.S. PASSPORT z 155489 ,
ARRIVED MEXICO CITy FROM HONDURAS 0N PAN AMERICA N FL IGHT 0n
8 APRIL _ SOURCE NO TED SUBJECT HAD AMAZING NCE To RFFlGA 3f86/_
Iv PHO TOGRAPHS" 0F ALLEGED ASSASSIn 0F DR_ I LUTHER KInG , JR;
2 ANOTHER SENSITIVE RELIABLE SOURCE In
"Beliec
CITY
REPOKREEBR 18 1968
THAT MCLAREN DEPARTED MEXICO CIty FOR HOUSToN on PANAM FL IGHi
EVENIng 8 APR IL OCCUPYInG: SEAT NO . 4 [ . SOURCE SAW PLA NE
s82k 400g
Ilb
Caswer_
1[ds
hiLewn
2286 7
3l
==================================================
Page 90
==================================================
13-00000
TAXI OFF WITH SUBJECT ABOARD . ACCORD InG To SOURCE, CAPTA In
OF THE PaNaM FLIGHT (WHo RETURNED To MEXICO CITY AFTERNOO N
9 APR IL) REPORTEDL Y SAID ThAT SUBJECT ARRIVED In HOUSTON .
3 THIS OFFICE HAS No ADDITIONAL INFORMATION on SUBJECT .
4 TKE INFORMA TION In PARA ONE HaS BEEN MADE AVA ILABLE To YOUR
BUREAU REPRESENTATIVE In MEXICO CITY
GP- [
BT
Nnnn
Int QSL PLs GA
EFH FB I REC NBR 50`
TOR 1/21B52 'XK
:
C.LA
RELEASE
Cc :
Ylh : Rap
==================================================
Page 91
==================================================
13-00000
Mr; Tolsen_
Mr. Delch_
8 Mfr: Mohr-
MIr. Bishop
r
388 4
Mr: €alhan
Mr: Comtad.
: Mr: Fdt
Mt . G
AIr:
Sir. {
Mr. TTavel
Nr. Trnller_
Tele: Roonl G.LA
Miss Holmes
Miss Gandy
LSV
DE ESC 05.0|ez+37
RELEASE
tzxsesss
R 16032 APR 68
FM DIRECTOR CIA
TO DIRECTOR FBI
7urki:)
BT
81013
CIA NBR 9 9520
SUBJECT: JELAHPE eVESTERV jicl AREt> R3
I. @senS+LERELIAB+ ELs8ur65 # #EX+ee-€XFY-REPOR TED F+A +
SHBUEet , Berl+2SEPT+936 Hl TFEXAS v U-S-PASSPORT z+55489 _
ARRHVEDMEX+Eg €HTY FRenHOJLDURAE 04 PalAHERICA4FL I6-+T 04
& APRHL , S8tRBEN0tED] SUBJECT HAD AMAZING RRET gANGE / To 3f86/_
PHO TOGRAPHS" 0F ALLEGED ASSASSIN 0F TiN LUTHER KInG , JR;~ 67351i
2 ENoTHERSEALS ITIVEREL IABLE SOURCE
DREcle lurx_Repekneer
H 18 1968
THAI HetARE} DEPARTED {exree e+#i} FOR HoUsTon 0n PA NAM FLIG HT eatrnrrn
EvENing 8 APR IL Deetpyra SEAT #0 - #+ Sotnez SattPta#3
*e7lz8,
Ilp
Ibd
MeLeosn
2Bit9
X6
==================================================
Page 92
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13-00000
Ex OFF #HtH suBdEet ABOARB> #8EOrD {+GF0SourEE, EApFA+N
0FTie-Pa#amFLIGHT(###ORETURNED TOMEX ICOGITYAFtERNOO#"
~-AP3+3 REPORTEDL Y SAID THAT SUBJECT ARR IVED In HOUSTON .
3, THIS OFFICE HAS no ADDITIONAL INFORMATION on SUBJECT
4 , THE INFORMA TION In PARA OnE HAS BEEW MADE AVA ILABLE To YOUR
BUREAU REPRESENTATIVE ##Ex+eeerTY
GP-[
BT
Nnn;
Fm es1Pts &A
tEf+FBXRE6#Br50
TBR++2tgsz+#K
C.LA
RELEASE
Cc :
Ya : Rp
==================================================
Page 93
==================================================
13-00000
@ IA ' 0,MRLUA Ta 2
(pic 6is)
Fe1 (xlunad _ Mu 77
FOIAHE Request No.Zk-382
DOCUMENT DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION EXEMTIONS
NUMBER
Cable, Memorandur, Dispatch (1) (1) (6)(2), (b) (3) , (b) (6)
Other: (j)(1)(b, c, d, e,f} (k) (1)
Date Other:
#l
Cable; Memorandun Dispatch (bXOD, (6) (2) , (6)639, (b) (6}
Other ()(1) (b, C, d, e, E), (k) (1)-
Date H /2 Other:
Poc:
61 pxg% Maauw 7o 1Ps, Ab 047k
Cabie Menorandu_Dispatch 2() (b) (2) (50 (b2(6)
Other: (5)M) (b, C, d, e,.f), (k) (1)
Date
2374462
Other:
48344 Elge Mt
t
1Qs
Cable, Memorandum}- Dispat ch BZD ; ' (b). (2) (b10; (1) (6)
Other: (1)(1) (b; :c; d;-e;.f), (k) (1)
Date 4A Other
King
Joc^ TvSRC -MeAAle to IVS
Cable , (emorandumy; Dispatch (b) (1) , ` (6) (2) , (b) (3) (b) (6)
Other: (1) (1) (b, C, d, e; f), (k) (1)
Date--: Other-
Tec_ 407
7F
mexx + ibS
Cable, Memorandum} Dispatch (b) (1) (b) (2) , - (6) (3); (b) (6)
Other (j) (1) (6, C, d, e, (k)(1)
TM 44EX Other:
Yo &" % P1a4F' Miuo + "rp $
Cable Memorandum, Dispatch (b) (1) = (b) (2) , (b) ( 3)
9
(b) (6)
Other (j) (1) (b, c, d, e, E), (k) (1)
Date Other:
Cable, Memorandum, Dispatch (b) (1) (b) (2) , (6) (3} (b) (6)
Other (j) (1) (b, C, d, e, f), (k) (1)
Date Other:
Cable, Memorandum, Dispatch (6) (1) '(6) (2) (1) (3) , (b) (6)
Other: (j) (1) (b, C, d, e, f) , (k) (1)
Date Other:
'25
Osc# 073
fena
trouDoc_
7X
Ga ke
Asun
Yc f), `
4
All
Ky,
==================================================
Page 94
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13-00000
SECRET
18
Mclg8
SUBJECT: Investigation of Death of Martin Luther King; Junior
1 Your Bureau representative in Mexico provided
our representative with composite photographs of the suspected
killer of Martin Luther Jr; ana askea for a check against
visitors to the Soviet ana Cuban Embassies in Mexico
during the recent months.
2 Checkz for persons appearing-to rcsemble thz -Ccmjozite
photographs were negative at bth Embassies. On 30 January
1968 an unidentifiea white male visitea the Soviet Embassy but
the description aia not fit either the composite photograph or
the description provided by your Bureau representative-
However, our -representative passed copies of the photographs
to your Bureau representative with the notation that he 'dia not
appear to be identical with the Bureau suspect. Our representa-
tive further stipulated that any use Of the photographs in an
investigation should not reveal that the photographs were made
in Mexico or by this OEfice.
V
REC 11
49-38861_131|
APR 23 1968
54
K3t
8raiv ~uinxrt
4
cleuC IR
mcGhfyi
City
King,
City
6-88iit Hu
Dc73
Dscued 63.
FX-1w3
Qig
==================================================
Page 95
==================================================
13-00000
CiAA sdo Jn TBI Po
clluucs 7#& C
Cpic6 !$ )
pev
S
24,7F
7-4
~J
IPs Fb | (yfouxa9 , 3 $ Mu 77
FOIA/E Request No._ 76-3&2-
DOCUMENT DOCUENT DESCRIPTION EXEMPTIONS
NUMBER
Cable, Memorandum, Dispatch (1 (b) (2) , (1273}
Other: (1)(1) (b, C, d, e, f) , (k) (1)
Date
Yontxt
Other:_
Cable, @emorandum} Dispatch 6(D (b) (2) , ( (6
Other: (5)(1) (b, C, d, e, f) , (k)(1)
A#e EFEx Other:
LVDoc
327 . DiAGY' Msul t (Ps;366@7p
Cable, Memorandu,Dispatch (b)OLY, (6) (2) 6
Other: (j) (1)(ba-.c; d,-e,-) _
Ate #353 34ar (llauu ~Otheg:
0' Raed 01 Dot 4 @a
Cable, Memorandun Dispatch (b2D '(6) (2) (636; 6) 6
Other (j) (1).(b,.c,.d, e,+ f), (k) (1)
Date
742
Other
Cable, Kemorandum) Dispatch (0) (1) (b) (2), (6173y , (6)76_
Other (1)(1) (b,, c,:d, e,1f), (K)(D):
Date
Tadzx
Other
Cable, Menorandum, Dispatch (b) ( 1) (b) (2) , (b) (3) (b) (6)
Other (j) (1) (b, d, e, f), (k) (1)
Date Other:
Cable, Memorandum, Dispatch (1) (1) (1) (2) , (b) (3) , (b) (6)
Other (1) (1) (b, C, d , e, E) , (k) (1)
Date Other:
Cable, Memorandum, Dispatch (6) (1) (b) (2) , (b) (3)
>
(b) (6)
Other (1) (1) (b, c, d, e, (k) (1)
Date Other:
Cable, Memorandum, Dispatch (6) (1) (b) (2) , (6) (3) (b) (6)
Other: (1j) (1) (b, C, 4 , e, f) , (k) (1)
Date Other:
Taw+8
4
Nryek keu
C, .
f) ,
==================================================
Page 96
==================================================
13-00000
UNCLASSIFIED CONFTDENTLAL SECRET TOP SECRET
INITIAL REVIEW FORM
FOIA/eE Request No._Zl-323
Document Description:
FB LTestyp"
Dated:
4uka&
Document Located By
(Office Designation_
Docuent referred to DDO for review by:
RECOMMEND:
Release in full-text
Release in sanitized form
Deny in toto
Defer decision to
Coordination with MDZ prior to above denial/release
EXEMPTIONS ARE BEING CLAIMED TO_PROTECT THE FOLLOWING:
FOIA PRIVACY
Classification (b) (1) (k) (1) 8
Information from a foreign liaison service (6) (3) (1) (1) (b) (c)
Information pertaining to a foreign liaison (b) (3) (j) (1) (6) (c)
relationship
) Information which would/could identify the (6) (3) (j) (1) (b)
source
Information pertaining to a source (b) (3) (1) (1) (b)
Information pertaining to intelligence methods(b) (3) (j) (1) (b)
8
Location 0f CIA overseas installation (6) (3) 85 (1) (b)
Location of unacknovledged domestic (b) 3) (1) (b)
installation
Name of CIA employee (b) (3) (1) {
File number (b) (2)
{
Pseudonym (1) (
8
(b)
V
{zg;
an
OrgBIizgeional
agent
data 8
(b)
8
I
{
8
FBI file number (b) (1) (b)
Privacy of other individual (b) (6) (j) (1) (f)
Does not pertain to request N/A "Exempted portions
are not relevant
to the requester"
Information from another Government agency (b) (1) (j) (1) (c)
* Other, specify:
For further dance regarding exemptions, please see DDA-75-5943 ,
16 December 1975 (Privacy Act) and HN-70-21, 14 February 1975 (FOIA)
COMENTS AND / OR SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS
1( d aizs L Elie
Choes sMcJca
Document No.
Signature Reviewing' Officer & Office (To be comp leted by ISS/PICG)
E 2 IMPDET CL BY 012170
Min
gui-
dwd -
0P
uNo
7b5, 52
Mot_
==================================================
Page 97
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13-00000
4/11/68
CODE
~ Hir _ Rosen
TELETYPE URCINT ~ Hr _ G. C Hoore
1
~ Mr _ Grifffth
Bir _ Atkingon
TO LCGAT SANTO DOMINCO
7,u*1v
VIA
aJXFIYPE
FROH DIRECIOR FBI APR 1 11968
ASSASSINATION OF MARTIN LUTHER KING , J;
ENSPHERED
REURTELS NUMBERS T7o AND FOuR DATED APRIL EIGHT Last
PERTINEMT DATA IN RETELS RAs INCOREORATED INTQ LHi{ AND
1
FURNISHED WKITE HOUSE, ATTORNEY GENERAL AND INTCRESTED
GOVERNIENT AGENCIES EY LETTER APREL TEN INSTANT_ A
IN VIEFI 0F NATURE AND WORWITY OF ALLECATIONS HADE BY
HCRNANHENRIQUEZ LORA CONCERNING THIS MATTER, LEGAT MUST ENDEA VOR
0
TO VERIFY OR DISPROVE SUCB ALLECATIONS _
g
PKOTOGRAPH OF ONE HCRNAN HENRIQUEZ LORA, ALSO RNOTN 4S
HERNAN HENRIQUEZ URENA LORA , BORN OCTOBER TIENTY FOUR , FIFTEEN
8
1
At SAN DIECO, CUBA, OR SANTIEGO DE BEING FORHARDED
SEPARATELY
REC 4
'y-34241-HA8
BUREAU FILES REVEAL AEOVE INDIVIDUAL IS DOMINICAN CITIZEN
is APR 12 1968
AND HIS RARENTS FERE KAX AND GUARINA ' HERIQUEZ.
(uw Cdiete ox-AFBIL BEYENTEEN , SIXTY_Nio ; AEVrSED-#BOVB-HENRIQEEZ
LORA WAS_BITTEEXF 0r BOIffNICAN_RERUBL EC_HTIO HAD-BEEN_#RAVELING_Qn
Tolson
DeLooch
Lebatt" PaSSpORT_NuxaBER_ONE-OiE T1O SEVX DETID JanuaRYTreznTY_RIVI,
Mlohr
Bi EtY MINEZ IR ONE #fE-8IX_TlO IE-RESIDED A7' '#NTONIO MatrA IEN
Collahan
Conrad
Felt 6a
Foreign LlaLson Unit (route through fon revi
Golc
Rosen
Saevon 1 105-168197 (H. Rap Caruicbxa?)
'piz
TsodeRoon
F1^
8ooKIESBB8.ers G (s.
enriquez
Lolr
3
Ilolzics
KIAIL ROCk} TILETYPE UMIT C R
SEE NOTE XAcz TFO
RHA ; lcma
W_(1o)
CUBA , CUBA $
Ishop
Cospet
UV;
Gondy
==================================================
Page 98
==================================================
13-00000
TELETYPE To LIGAT GANTO DOHINGO
RE: ASSASSINATION OF MARTIR LUIHER KING, JRo
WAbRID_ SRAIN 4ee322BG%O-C1 EB #ad BEda IAVOLVED INv BOTH
PRO_-CASTROAXtD ANTI_easnrro ACTIVITIES IN WADRID DURING-PRTCEDING
T4Q_YEARS ARDYAS_SUSPECTED 0rBLtrG A BuMBBER 03 68b4#} & FO.
2IS_INFORIATIOH-_KAS_CLASSIFIE "stcrat By-EIA.
Gia Qi_AuGUST_NINE;_SIXTI SIX;_ADVSBR {5-aad-NeT-#AD an{
OPERANIONALIMMIVEREST IN[ERAR} TORa AD ItS-#ELES IUZ
{Drcagtd #E uas #VEKY WNSAVORY REPUATION ;
ADDITIONAL PERTINENT INFORMATION]CORCERNING EENRIQUEZ LDRA
WILL BE FORWARDED BY AIRTEL;
NQE:
Legat in retels reported Eonriquez Lora bad
volunteered a third party had over heard a conversation in
8anto Domingo between two Don_uican communigts 1n, which
it was alleged tbat Stokely Carmichael and R. Rap Bropn
advocated the death 0f Lertin Luther Klng and King S
assa8s1nation; ould benefit the cause of black violence_
,eb
0 2 -
K5 It k
Nbx | |
Cmil
coc''e
==================================================
Page 99
==================================================
13-00000
WNCLASSIFIED CONFIDENTIAL SECRET TOP SECRET
INITIAL REVIEW FORM
FOIA/PA Request No_
Document Description:
[exo
Dated:
4246x
Document Located By
ERL
(Office Designation)
Document referred to DDO for revlew by:
RECOMMEND:
Release in full-text
Release in sanitized form
Deny in toto
Defer decision to
Coordination with prior to above denial/release
EXEMPTIONS ARE BEING CLAIMD To PROTECT THE FOLLOWING:
FOIA PRIVACY
Classification (1) (1) (k) (1)
Information from a foreign liaison service (b) ( 3) (1) (1) (b) (c)
Information pertaining to a forefgn liaison (1) ( 3) (5) (1) (b) (c)
relationship
() Information which would/could identify the (b) (3) (j) (1) (b)
source
Information pertaining to a source (6) ( 3) (1) (1) (b)
Information pertaining to intelligence methods(b) (3) (j) (1) (b)
Location of CIA overseas installation (b) 3) (j) (1) (b) 8
Location of unacknowledged domestic (b) 3) (j) (1) (1)
installation
) Name of CIA emp loyee (b) ( 3) (1)
File number (2)
L
E
an
OrgBIiageional
agent
data
8
8
(
E
FBI file number (b) (1):
Privacy of other individual (b) ( (j) (1) (f)
Does not pertain to request N/A "Exempted portions
are not relevant
to the requester"
Information from another Government agency (b) (1) (j) (1) (c)
* Other, specify:
3746 Mi & aym $
I4
Vebjoni: 4,2, US
* For further guidance regarding exemptions, please see DDA-75-5943,
16 December 1975 (Privacy Act) and HN-70-21, 14 February 1975 (FOIA) _
COMENTS AND / OR SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS
alnnlis 41m
Document No.
ignature of/ Reviewing Officer & Office (To be comp leted by ISS/PICG)
E 2 IMPDET CL BY 012170
==================================================
Page 100
==================================================
13-00000 _
4-29-68
AIrtel
Gr Mr .
Budson
To: SAC, BashLngton Fleld
From: Director
0
FBI
MURKIN
On 4-28-68 ,
8 representatlve 0f CIA advIsed the
Bureau tbat a Gerzan doctor
9
Klaus Steer Germap DIrector
Sclent_fic Department , Africa, E. Merck
iktiengegelischast,
Karmstady
2
Germany _ had advised tbe AmerIcan Enbassy
8 Addis. Ababa
0
Ethiopia thet he belleved he bad Seen an
indlvldual whon he thought to be Efc Starvo Galt at the
Bristol Hotel, Lagos Nigerte, on the efternoon of 4-23-68 .
The Indlvldual was Identifled 83 Joe Musgaque, wo 1s
reportedly an employee of tbe WIIder 0il Company (address
unknorn)
WashLngton Fleld, check passport records for any
Identifying data concerning Musgaque; and also attempt to
deternine tbrougb the Department o2 State any informe tion
concerning the WiIder 011 Company _ which reportedly is
operating in Migeria
0
I2 no infornation available 1n
State Departnent records regarding the Wilder 0il Company,
determine rhether State Departnent can obtain this infornation
from the Nlgerian Embassy_
0
Handle Immediately _
2
1 Mempbis (1nfo)
5 8
Apr 30 1369 `
4
FJH:J lb
(5)
NOTE: See memorandum from J A= Sizoo to W _ C. Sullivan
J0
Yoch
dated 4-28-68 , captloned "Murkin" JHK : brr
Jan
"Or
Cew
23 3 1967
Aoon
MAIL RooM TELETYPE UNIT Cc
[ _244d
Ullo REC
918
4_DD!
==================================================
Page 101
==================================================
13-00000
UNCLASSIFIED CONFIDENTIAL SECRET TOP SECRET
INITIAL REVIEW FORM
FOIA/PA Request No_
Document Description:
Meuo
Dated:
~oip
Document Located By
FE
(Office Designation)
Docuent referred to DDO for review by:
RECOMEND:
Release in full-text
Release In sanitized form
Deny in toto
Defer decision to
Coordination with prior to above denial/release
EXEMPTIONS ARE BEING CLAIMD To PROTECT THE FOLLOWING:
FOIA PRIVACY
6) Clagsification (1) (1) (k) (1)
Information from a foreign liaison service (b) (3) (1) (1) (b) (c)
Information pertaining to a foreign liaison (b) ( 3) (j) (1) (b) (c)
relationship
Information which would/could identify the (1) (3) (j) (1) (b)
source
Information pertaining to a source (b) (3) (j) (1) (b)
Information pertaining to intelligence methods(b) (3) (j) (1) (b) 8
Location of CIA overseas installation (b) (3) (j) (1) (b)
Location of unacknowledged domestic (b) 3) (1) (1) (b)
installation
Name of CIA emp loyee (3)
File number (=
4
=
an
ITgBIiageional data
1 8
FBI file number ) (1) (1)
I Privacy of other individual (6) (j) (1) (€)
) Does not pertain to request N/A "Exempted portions
are not relevant
to the requester"
Information from another Government agency (b) (1) (j) (1) (c)
* Other, specify: Mthr
1} iN
Jedighn; 6 0>h1 ufs
x For further dance exemptions, pleege see DDA-75-5943 ,
16 December 1975 (Privacy Act) and HN-70-21, 14 February 1975 (FOIA)
COMMENTS ANDIOR SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS
(7ei
Lh9c
[xll
Document No.
gignature Yf Reviewing Officer & Office (To be comp leted by ISS/PICG)
E 2 IMPDET CL BY 012170
ndynch RE
fega gui-
Ol
==================================================
Page 102
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13-00000
Comiowal Icr;' NO. 10 9010-100
401,01 iDinion
6i4 Gim. Mo Ho. 11
UNITEL) STATES GOVERNMENT
Memorandum
{J*0B
Hr . W . C. Sullivan IATE: 4/28/68
V
Y~
WN
J: A. Sizoo
JH
T: HURKIN
Norman Pulin, Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) advised
this date that a german doctor Klaus Steer German Director
Scientiflc Department Africa E. Merck
Aktiengesellschest
Karmstady Germany had advised the American Embassy
}
Addis Ababa
Ethiopia that he believed he had seen an individual whom he
thought to be Eric Starvo Galt at the Bristol Hotel Lagos
Nigeria on the afternoon of 4/23/68 Because he thought the
individual, looked Jike Galt he made an effort to get: some
infornation concerning him_ He found he was registered at the
hotel as Joe-Musgaque
1
Room 403 receipt number D52138
account number 08325 _ The doctor did not kom if Husgaque nad
registered at the hotel a5 an American In conversa tion with
Musgaque the doctor learned that Musgaque was employed by the
Hilder Oil Company (adress unknown) and was en route to Warri
Oil Fleld
1
Nigeria
Bufiles contain no references to Joe Husgaque or the
Wilder 0il Company .
Hr Pulin_ CIA was advised that Bufiles contain no
references to Jog Musgaque or Wilder 011 Company _
ACTION:
None For information This 18 being referred to
the General Investigative Division
JHK:brr (8)
Mr Sullivan J1#
~ Rosen
~ Sizoo
7
~
0
GcGowaoore REC: 31
2416 |
McDonough
Kavanegh
J
~7.
1958
J-}D4 $
==================================================
Page 103
==================================================
13-00000
Mat 1p67 (diitom
Cs4 ced: alc No. 11 Tolscn
UNITEI) STATES 6 FRNMENt DeLoach
Lott
R:etP Memorandum
Cailahan
Cc:aj
Fe:
Galc
TO Mr , W , C. Sullivan
DATE: Ap1 il 22 , 1968 Rogen
Sullivo
Tavel
Tro:er
Ta c. Fo: FROM Ur _ J. A Sizoo Holzcs
MURKIN
At 6:35 pm 4/22/68 John Mapother Clandestine Service,
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) , furnished the following
information to Night Supervisor James F. McGuire by telephone:
CIA sources in Panama have reported two American citizens
are being detained in Panama City Panama , at the request of the
Costa Rican authorities
Allegediy,
they are being detained in
connection with the assassination of Martin Luther King_ These
individuals are identified as Ton Molman, born 7/17/44 in New York,
Wolman has Passport Number J085474 , issued 1/29/68 and his
permanent residence is shown 2s 30' Larrys Lane, Pleasantville ,
New Yorka Tne other individual is identified as Douglas Harry
Hulbard, Passport Number 330926. Hulbard is descriped as a formei
soldier who has returned to Panama to be married. CIE did not
have any further descriptive data regarding Kulbard.
These twvo individuals were traveling in a
Chevrolet ,
License Number 23GH19 Motor Number 13 387 13 113711 The vehicle
and license plates could not be further described by CIA According
to CIA Wolman 's passport indicates he had entered and departed
El Salvador and Honduras On 4/17/68 ; Nicaragua on 4/18/68
Hr _ Mapother advised he has no indication the Costa
Rican authorities have requested the detention 0f the above_
described individuals Further he does not knowv of any factual
connection of these individ uals mith the King case. He said CIA
bources were trying to develop this ma tter further
0
He aIso
advised that CIA would send the FBI 2 written communication
concerning this ma tter on 4/23/68 ,
At 9:10 pm 4/22/68 Norman Poulin, CIA , orally advised
that a check had been made with the Costa Rican authorities and
determined that Costa Rica has no information regarding the above-
mentioned individua= that Costa Rica did not request Panamanian
authorities to hold these individuals, that they have no request
from any American authorities to detain them; and that they have
3776L-|tx
JFH:chs CONTINUED ~OVER
1 fr . Sullivan 1 Mr _ J.A.Sizoo
1 Mr _ Rosen Ar . Papich ApR 24 1968
1 Mr _ Helgeson 1 Nr _ J,F-McGuire
LayYLL
Br' 0 c 2 6 6AFR ? c ISS1
Dix<
J5653, 6141
'CUc
Ficye
SUBJECT:
why
1s;
Rzc;-48
Siil}
==================================================
Page 104
==================================================
13-00000
Memorandum to Mr. Sullivan
RE: MURKIN
no knowledge of any connection between these 1ndividuals and
the assassination of Martin Luther Kinga Poulin indicated that
the entire information may be a complete hoax; however CIA will
advise FBI if any additional data comes to their attentiona
ACTION:
The above information was orally furnished to M . Helgeson ,
General Investigative Division_
0
2
Aucf
==================================================
Page 105
==================================================
13-00000
UII!VW J([) ('(JVEKAVMLN/ Dcloact
Eushop Memorandum
Tailas
Coniud
Fajt
Gdlo
TO Mr . D, J, Brennan, Jr-/
IJATE:: Aprli 1968 Roger
Sullv 3
Taul
Trollo:
Tele. FROM S , J0 Papichyy
Kclutes
Gecj=
SUBJECT : MURKIN
M
Richard Ober, Central Intelligence 'Agency (CIA)
furnished the following to the Liaison Agent on April 17 , 1968 :
A CIA source characterized 25 being very relfable
advised that on OF; about_Aprifl 15, 1968,
ar individual
Identi-
fylog hinself as Gerald Iee Richards , a U. 8, seaman, caLled
at the Tokyo, Jepa@, office 'of the National Maritine Union and
asked to be signed on a
Shfp
a3 soon as possiple (It should
be noted that reference is beLng made to the offIce Of the U.S .
National Maritime Unlone) He was asked to furnisb his local
address 10 Tokyo, and be refused to do S0 . He became very
ag1tated and then left. So far he has not returned to the
aforewentloned office_
0
CIA's source stated that Richards
answers the general description Of the suspect In the Ipstant
Case as. reported Lp pewvs pa pers ,
Richards volunteered Information Indicating that
he applled for seaman's papers 10 San Pedro, Califor942, on
June 16 1964 , and that he registered as 2 member Of the
Nationai
Maritime Unlon in San Pedro on February: 21, 1968 ,
He has Social Security pumber_562-46-5078_ and Ue 8 , Coast
Guard identifying document 22711-782
0
He was born April 8
1937,_ipHissouri (town not given) CIA's source described
him as 5' 10" ; 155 pounds ; brown hair
2
receding bairline on
both sides;- & scar, not prominent
9
about two and one half
inches long across the eenter 0f his forehead , His most
outstanding Characteristic was his grin, described as "dis_
concerting and resembling a grimace
3
Ober advised that this sane Information_ has been
given to our Legat, Tokyo. CIA is '{fbi8bogts RoU ichvragable
sources in Tokyo to establish the Qf Richaras
If this lead washes out, CIA would Ilke to be advised
2
ACTION: The above information 1s beipg directed to the
attention Of the Civil Rights Section- 0f the
General Investigative Division,
SJP:clb %: (4)
Mr _ McGowan (Iong)
Liaisop
Mr = Papich
Co^ , Ci $
4b
:1 0
Alolt
17,
Rcon
'@i
2404 "~REc
8v
Ervt
'7i:
Baus
J 7138
==================================================
Page 106
==================================================
13-00000
i TAG D
C(A
infv u FB ) Docuiby Ceic6 i52
Rtu + olhh&brtoueut
FI/
palosva 0 _
1
3s ma 77
FOIA/e+ Request No.ZL-322
DOCUMENT DOCUENT _ DESCRIPTION EXEMPTIONS
NUMBER
Cable, (eqorandum Dispatch (1) (1) (b) (2) , (b) (3) , .(6) (6)
Other: (j) (1) (b, C, d, e, f),. (k) (1)
N
Date Other: KI
Detua to
04
Nec (
Cable, Meporandum) Diepatch (b) (1) , ` (6),(2) , (b) (3) , (b) (6)
(j) (1) (b, C, 4, e, f), (k) (1):
Date Lo E Other:
(Qs * 0
Tc
Cable Memorandu Dispatch (1) (1) , (6) (2) , (b) (3) , (b) (6)
Other: (j) (1) (1, c, d,. e-f), (k) (1)
Date
Hzb
Other:
1y fo
05.
Cable; : Memorandum, Dispatch (b) (1) , '(b) (2) (6) (3)67106). (6) {W9)
Other (1) (1) (b, 'c, d, e,.f}, (k) (1)
Date Other:
Cable, Memorandum, Dispatch (1), (b) (2); (6) (3); :(6) (6)
Other:
8>8=
(b, C, d, e; f), (k) (1)
Date Other:
Cable, Memorandum;:-Dispatch- (b) (1) , (6) (2) , (b) (3) (b) (6)
Other (j) (1) (b, c, d,.e, f}, (k) (1)
Date Other:
Cable , Memorandum, Dispatch (b) (1) (6) (2) , (b) (3) , (6) (6)
Other: (j) (1) (b; C, d, e, f), (k) (1)
Date Other:
Cable, Memorandum, Dispatch (b) (1) (b) (2) , (b) (3)
>
(b) (6)
Other: (j) (1) (b , c, d,. e, f), (k) (1)
Date_ Other:
Cable, Memorandum, Dispatch (6) (1) (b) (2) , (b) (3) , (b) (6)
Other (j) (1) (b, C, d, e, E) , (k) (1)
Date Other:_
pnCotheze
==================================================
Page 107
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13-00000
Dttional Form No: +io-106
Mat 1p61 Editioy
GsA.GEN; {IG. Ho. Tol:35
LeLocch UNITED STATES GC RNMENT
Mohr
cs
Memorandum
Collckcn
Conrad
Felt
Gale
TO Mr. DeLoactp ) DATEApril 9, 1968
vn
Tove
Troker
L c Mr. DeLoach Fele.
FROM_ A
Rosepa)
1 Mr. Rosen Golaes
Mr. Malley
SUBJECT :
MURKTIN
;
Mr. McGowan
Mr. McDonough
1 Mr. Long
1 Mr. Martindale
Mr. Bishop
d^
Mr . Conrad
Mr. Sullivan
This i8 the cage involving the murder of Martin Luther King;
4/4/68;
One of the most promising leads developed 50 far i8 the laundry
tags appearing On a T-shirt and a of shorts apparently abandoned by
tle subject with the rifle that is believed to be the murder weapon It
has been determined that thes laundry marks were made by a Thermo Seal
marking machine manufactured by the Textile Marking Machine Companys
Syracuse, New York The manufacturer of this machine has advised that
the laundry marks in question are unusual in that theycconsist of five
characters whereas the usugal code contains six characters.
These markings are also unusual because the first two characters
are in;smaller type while the remaining three characters are in larger
type. 7 The normal arrangement is for the first three characters to be in
smaller type and for the following characters to be in larger type. The
Textile Marking Machine Company has stated only a limited number of
machines have been manufactured which print laundry marks in this
manner. Investigation is proceeding on an expedited basis to locate these
machines for the purpose 0f the laundry marks:
ideEyziz
3543327uf-7rk
Richard Heims Director of the Centrai IntellcgeR8e"egzr8y ,
has
furnished the Central Intelligence Agency P1 Rebert ErvinkKramer
M, @
9
Berkeley, California, whom Helmsconsiders # Suspect Decause of
his resemblance to an artist's conception of the-subject and beczlse of the
Central Intelligence Agency's experience with Kramer: The Central
Intelligence Agency file states Kramer has a long aFrest recor and contains
2
Berkeley Police Department photograph, dated 1/27/686, number 22805.
Enclogure Lerc Y-9-<8 Vical- i.ice
54 AR?41968
4
yea CONTINUED, OVER?
Room
e1
Jr-,
pair
REC:
file
==================================================
Page 108
==================================================
13-00000
Memorandum to Mr: DeLoach
RE: MURKIN .
He has been & chronic letter writer to the Central Intelligence Agency:
criticizing them and the Government; By letter of 12/29/67 Kramer
requested the Central Intelligence Agency to pay him $100, 000 monthly
for six months for a paper on geopolitical economy he had previously
submitted He concluded his letter with the statement, "In the event that
you fail to acknowledge my request, I can accept no responsibility for
any future efforts necessary to gain the combined ends of ideal
government and financial recompensea
The only record of Kramer found in Bureau files is a
memcrendum from the Central Intelligence Agency, 1/18/68, advising;
uS of his letters to the Central Intelligence Agencya No record can be
located in the Identification Division but Kramer's fingerprints are being
obtained fror the Perkeley mlice:'
A, c Hayden, Intra-Division Information Unit of the Department;
advised on the evening f 4/8/68 that Beatrice Rosenberg,
a secretary in
the Attorney General's office, had received a telephone call from &
man identifying himself as Frederick Qunstan who said he resided at
Route 350,.Whitefield, North Carolina; Dunstan said he was calling the
Attorney General to report that a white man was in his house, was drunk,
had a gun and said he had killed Martin Luther King, Jr.
There i8 no Whitefield, North Carolina There is a Whiteville,
North Carolinaa Investigation by the Charlotte Division has failed to
locate a Route 350, Box 350, or Highway 350 in the Whiteville area and
no record of a Frederick Dunstan has been located; No record of Dunstan
could be found in Bureau filesa
A pair of duckbill pliers was found among the personal effects
believed to have been abandoned by the subject These pliers bear a
trademark of 'the Rompage Hardware Company, Los Angeles. Employees
at the hardware company believe this iS one of twelve pliers purchased in
October, 1966. Employees have no recollection of the sale of these
pliers but an exhaustive search i8 being made of charge sale recordsa
It iS noted that the rifle believed to be the murder weapon was
purchased in Birmingham, Alabama, 3/30/68. Binoculars found with the
rifle were purchased in Memphis, 4/4/68, A latent fingerprint found on
the rifle is identical with & latent fingerprint found on the binocularSa This
presents & strong probability that these fingerprints are those f the subject
CONTINUED PAGE THREE
==================================================
Page 109
==================================================
13-00000
Memorandum to Mr, DeLoach
RE: MURKN
Other major avenues of investigation include checking out"
white Mustang automobiles, since one was seen leaving at a hgh rate
of speed after the shot was fired; efforts to trace a bedspread or blanket
found with the gun, and the immediate processing of all suspects as
soon as are developed;
ACTION:_
LAttached is a memorandum for the White House, the Attorney
General,. the Deputy Attorney General and the Civil Rights Division
2. Investigation is continuing on an all-out basis
dw
c
3
they
==================================================
Page 110
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13-00000
TVIVn 0I^ Gic: Il0 , Nc; Tolyon
DcLoach UNITED STATES-GOVERNMENT
Mohr
Bi shop
Casper Memorandum
Callahon
Conrod
Felt
Gale
TO Mr_ Rosen DATE: Apr1l 10, 1968 Roitevaa
Tavel
Trolter Mr . Rosen Tole. Roon
FROM C, La McGowan Mr . Malley: Holmes
1
Mr _ McGowan Gandy
Mr _ Long
SUBJECT: MURKIN
Thls 1s the matter involving the assassination
Of Dr _ Martin Luther Klng .
Liaison: advised of the receipt of informatton
from RIchard Helns Director of CIA, that one Robert
X Kraner was a
possible suspect _ According to Inrormation
furnished by Howard Osborn , Director Of Security of
CIA , Kramer wbo 1s a doctor , has been a source Of
trouble to
CIA
for some tine Only recently Mr _ Helns
received a very cryptic telegram from Kramer _ In reviewing
Kramer'8 file _ they noted a photograpb which bears a
very strong resemblance to recent pictures of artist
drawings Of the killer which have appeared in local papers _
The likeness was So striking that Mr Helns thought It
should be brought to the attention of the FBI . Immediately .
ACTION:
Sentor Resident Agent Jesse Hall Alexandria
Virginia was telephonically contacted and instructed to
Obtain full details from the files Of CIA Headquarters
at Langley Virginia_
9
together with a11 background infor-
mation on Kramer as we11 as a photograph , SO that this
matter could be thoroughly checked out_
CRM :mcs les
(5)
REC 31
49- Y0_62?
12 APR 16 1963
07 {
70 AFR
A17t
4k
20
US
201
4041 Iutyi
Ycs/'
Mtas
T 29
==================================================
Page 111
==================================================
13-00000
stumti
UnVocetr
SUBJECT; 8TAAR, Rjekard Felix
aka;: XGWIAZDOWSKI, Richard Felix
DPOB 1,0 January 1923, Wargaw,_Poland_
Subject of FBI invegtigations in 1954 (Voice of America)
and 1956 (USIA) Bureau File 123-15026.
Of posgible interest is similarity betweer:his name and
that of "'Eric Starvo GALT." In that Richard STAAR is
similar. GWIAZDA is "star" in Polish: Among STAAR's
references on a 1949 PHS is Professor Stanley AULT,
Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana.
From 1 959 to 1962 (latest information available) STAAR
was a Professor of Political Science at Emory University,
Atlanta, Georgia. His local residence addresses during
that period are shown as 303 Vickers Drive, N, 1,
Atlanta; 7, and 879 Clifton Rd. N.E.
9
Atlanta, Georgia:
X-115
2Ec 19
2ze7z4
1s47
10 APR 23 1968
REC: 35
01+ hn
AAb Tinisua?
7 9 NAY 7 - 1938 SECHE
0yk/ N
Ex-114
GHCLOSURE
d}
==================================================
Page 112
==================================================
13-00000
Er
#
~aLtii
RICHARD F STAAR
JNEA9
1;4
==================================================
Page 113
==================================================
13-00000
Opiional Iorm #o. M1o-108
Mat, [001 {oitiom Tolton [S^ Cem: Ilo. M3, 17 DcLoock UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
Mohr
Bishop
Caspcr Memorandum
Eontaa?
Folt
Gale
Rosea
TO Mr _ Rosen DATE: April 10, 1968
Sullivan
Tavel
Troller Mr _ Rosen Tole+ Roow
FROM C, L, BcGowan
1
Mr _ Malley Gola;s
Mr _ McGowan
Mr _ Long
SUBJECT: MURRIN
Thls 1s the matter involving the assass1nation
of Dr _ Martin Luther Klng .
Liaison advised of the receipt of informatton
from Richard Helns Director of CIA, that One Robert
Kraner was a possIble suspect _ According to Tnformation
furnishea by Howard Osborn, Director Of Security Of
CIA Kramer wbo 13 a doctor, has been 8 source Of
trouble to
CiA for
SOne tine_ Only recently Mr Helns
received a very cryptic telegram from Kramer_ In reviewing
Kramer'8 file, they noted
a photograpb which bears a
very strong resemblance to recent pictures of artist
drawings Of the killer which have appeared in local papers _
The likeness was So striking that Mr Helns thought it
should be brought to the attention Of the FBI. inmediately_
ACTION:
Senior Resident Agent Jesse Hall, Alexandria
9 Virginia was telephonically contacted and instructed to
obtain full details from the files Of CIA Headquarters
at Langley Virginia, together with all background Infor-
mation on Kramer as well as a photograph , s that this
matter could be thoroughly checked out _
CRM :mcS
(5) 101
REC 31
44-3106_038
{2 APR 16 1963
70 AFR? C-
M
J:V
T;ku If6
==================================================
Page 114
==================================================
13-00000
Log _ RS
ApPsRC (F-76-382) Doesn'+ ac auk _ 4s
mo4 Lye_
'F.76-202
Nz. Cene Nilson, FCIA/PA Coordingtor Ri. 12, Frederick, Fid. 21701
Beitrel Intelligence Agency 7/21/77 (Tox or Suckoifa
#ashington, D-C.
Dear %ra Wilson, _ Trls As 4 Nsu]
RKusT
The news account of your coming release Oi an additional 4,08 fages on What right
be celled nind-berding reninds ne. tbat my requests seem to.*3, to cover tiig &d that you
bave not notified ne Oi thia release. I do went tkese. If you interpret my prior requegts
2s not covering ther . then consider,this 2 nesi Tequest, jiy recollection is tnat my initial
reguests cover &nything &d verjthing directly or indirectly related to this subjecte That
you have interpreted my requests a8 1 heve is evidencz Zrom prior Corraspondence noti-
fjins me of releases.
Under the Act there i8 authority for the remission of &ll costs ani feese I believe
I peet 'the requirements for this renigaioi and I make_ tke request fornelly: My work
e{t % 1s restricted exclusively to what is now regarded as' irportant historical cages, In one
Iu
4
on which I% heve the :CTA lerge_ sums without coupLience, tbe assa8sination, tbe
Zrevious Attornev General 80 held, fornally, conzir-ed *y & federal judge I heve already
erranged to give 2L1 my reconds, not' just these, to a university systene
f
believe at an
earlier date I regerved the right to recover these fees, I have delayed a fornal appealg
pending & determination of 8 judge tnat tbere be 8 ruling by the Department of Justice
wit} regard to me and on this, The Departrent provided & bergain-bagerent reaponse, a
Sd;, ratission that I have' appealed .&nd will if nzcessary Litigete. I hope the CTA will
8I4 act fevorably on this.
It hag been 2 verj long tine since I have haard fron you about 8 multitude of recuests
211 1ong overdu? by your own becklog claics, One of trose is on the assessination, In_
tnat you may recall you estinated e. 81,0OOK geerch fee enl &skel €or ad received
a #50
deposit. Mnat you kave sent is ludicrous. In t12 1o-ng' time in which I bave heara and
received nothing further I think you have in effect rezuged the request after charging"
fees SO tnis_is_2lg0_an_appeal 022 tha_KingRey_rzcozds.
I an esk-ng when I m2y expect to bear fron Jox Onl ell the other reguests,
including ny PA request for the records on meo Tbe eppeal i3 several years old now_ Hy
recollection is that yoir last reference to this stated the ppocessing of the appeal haa
pot bzan conpleted. I have righta under the Act to Cor: then cozies . I Went to ezarcise
those `rights. Tnis 18 impogsible without obtai-ing all copies first. Agrl nave toid you
repegtedly I would prefer not to have to Litigate this. That I an thus really asking you
is doe 8 the CIA Want me to suit it on 2 reguest thet g088 back to 1971 and 0n which it `ig_
not in conpliance? Yiot even processed tje appeal?
jnong the fectors Qakinz i+ difficllt to keep track of these non-compliances i8 your
failure to respond as well as to corply. I believe I bave askcd this beforeo & I have then
Xube: follong ig an eppeal froa a
refusal, 1f I neje not it is a ncw requeste I would like E K
2l1 records relating to Hy requests &d appeale; including their seque.tial relationships
to otber requests, uder both Acts &nd particulezly as #is relates to corpliance with
gtrcr requests.
Sinctrely,
LL. Hd 55 &
52 Harold Weisberg TC
0.1
King paid
King
tea l
egain
aLi Kocusli N
Sco;
==================================================
Page 115
==================================================
13-00000
loc _ RS
ApPeRC (F-76-381) Docsn'+ Kc auk
45
G&_
F 76-272
Nr. Cene Wilsor, FOLA/PA Coordinatar Rto 12, Frederick, Td. 21701
Bedtrel Intelligence Agency 7/21/77 (Ton 0.5 0r Swceatfavt
Washington, D.C.
Dear %iro Hilson, l6_ Mls As A Nsu)
QQurt
Zhe news account of your coming releage of an additional 4,0 pages on . What might
be celled mind-bending reuinds ne.that ny requeste geez to. me to cover this &nd that ybu
bave not notified ne of this releesea I do 1ant tkese. If you interpret my prior requegte
88 not covering thew then consider_this 2 new Tequest. %f recollection i8 tnat My initial
requests cover anything &d verjthing directly or indirectly related to this subject. That
you have interpreted my requests 88 1 have is evidenca fron prior Corraspondence noti-
fjing re of releasesa
Under the Act there is authority for the renission of &l1 costs end 'fcege I believe
I meet the requirements for this: renisaion and I make the request fornelly:" My work _
19 restricted ezclusively to what i8 now regarded , &8 important historical cases, In oje
on which IJ heve the CTA lerge_ sung without compLience, tbe essa8gination, the
grevious Attorney General 80 held, ` formally, confirzed by a federal judge_ I heve already
erranged ,to give 2ll my reconds, not' just these, to
'a university systen; f believe at
an
'earlier date I reserved tha right to recover these feeg. I have deleyed 8' 'fornal eppealg
pending & deterrination of 8 judge tnat' there be 8 ruling by the Department: 0f Justice
witl regard to ne and on'. this. Zhe Departrent provided 2 bargain-basenent regnonse, 8
60;; renission that I have appealed .and will if necessary Litigete. I hope the; CIA will
act fevorably on this.
Ithasbeen_ 2 verL 1ong_tine_ since I have_hzard fzow>ou_about a multitude of recuesta
eii Zong_ovezdu: by_your own becklog claius. One of these is on the assassination In_
#nat TOJ may recall ZQu eatinated 8 SIOOO: 8earch fee 2nde3cez *02 end reccitcl a
densit_lhat YQu kave_ gent ie ludicrous. In t222ozg tize in mhich bave_heara and
receiyednothing further I #ink_You_have in effect ref :Aseq the request arter cnariing
fees 30 #nia i8 2280 a_appealQ tha ing) I2Cozds,
I a esking Then 1 ney ezpect to hear fron youl 031 ell the other requests,
including ny PA recuest for the records on me_ Tbe eppeel i8 several yeara old now= Ey
recollection is that yoir last reference to this stated the ppocessing 0f the appeel had
zot bzen conpleted. I have righta uder the Act to 2or: then cozies . I Went to ezercise
those rignts. Inis i5 imposgible without obtaiuing &ll copies firsto AgnT have toid you
repeetedly I uould prefer not to heve to litigete this. That I an thus really askng you
1g doe 8 the CTA want me to suit it on a reguest thet goes back to 1971 and 0n which it is
not in conpliance? Iiot even processed tve appeal?
Anong the fectors making it difficult to keep track: of these non-compliances is your
failure to respond a8 well as to cozply- I belierz I have asked this before, l I have then
tuhet follovg i3 an1 eppeal fron a refusal If I heve not ,it is a ncw request. I woula like El K,
al1 records relating to Ry requests &nd appeals, including their seque:tial relationships
to other requeats, under both Acts &nd particulazly as t1is relates to compliance with
otrcr recuestsa
Sinctrely ,
Mo
LLa Hd ss &
SZ 7C Harold Ieisberg
moa4|
King paid
King
Ray
egain
sclel ( i" 8
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Page 116
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13-00000
UrCLaSS FIED INTERNAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
USE ONLY
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
SUBJECT : (Optionolj REQUEST NUMBE R
FOIA Appeal Harold Weisberg, for Inforwation about
Martin Luther King, Jr. and Jameg: Earl IPS ; F 76-382
FROM: EXTENSION DATE SENT
B:G , Bean 15AUG Iyt /
AssIstent for Inforwatton, DDA 5117
SUSPENSE DATE
7 D 02 BQ
TO: '(Oficor designblion, Toom number; ond DATE
byilding) OFFICER'S COMMENTS] (Number each comMont to_ show From whom
INITIALS b whom_ Draw Iino across]column ater oach comment:) RECEIVED FORWARDED
Mr; Welle, DDO Attached 18 an FOIA Appeal
IHRU: Mr Addona DDO/PICG
with a due date of 19 Aug ZZ.
LD4l2S_BQ AT_l
In accordance wtth IPS pro- DDOLIC_~ev 3
cedures the Chairman ha8 ageLgned
action for thia appeal a8 followg :
3 Mr = Dirk8 , DDSET
THRU: Mr _ Rednond, DDSeT/FIO
Mr_ Wellg ^Mr,_Dirkg,
6E 56_BQ BY-L
Mr: Steveng and M Blake
Degignated ActLon Member(8)
5, bhould contact me `within 48 houre
Mr. Steveng, DDI
should :there be any objection to
DARU : Mr = Lawler , DDI/FIO
2E-6104_HQ EX-4
the case a881gnment _
6.
The OCC attorney as81gned to
advIse you or your Appeals Officer
regarding thi8 case 18:
Mr : Blake, DDA
7 D 26 HQ BX-4 Mr. Ziebell
8
The Action Member or Appeals
Officer 18 requeeted to ensure
9_ that staff work 1s completed and
Mr: . Ziebell, . OGC
the cage 18 ready for presentation
6-D-0120 Hqs. BX-5 (should such be requlred) at the
11 2Z meeting.
Mr _ Biddiscombe, 0S / IRG
CE 31 HQ FX-l
12_
2 tuoe
H_ G Bean
RE TURN To
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
F0 RM 3749 SECRET CONF IDENTIAL INTERNAL UncLASSIFIED
75 USE ONLY
Ray
Aug
==================================================
Page 117
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13-00000 LoG (F)
JAMES H_ LESAR
[~karRaf"
ATTORNEY AT LAW
1231 FOURTH STREET , 5. W_
WASHINGTON, D: @: 20024 F 766382
TeLEPHONE (202) 404.6023
June 11, 1976
OS
FREEDOM OF INFORMATION_REQUEST DDO
ZRS
Mr- Gene F Wilson 0G2 >
Freedom Of Information Coordinator
Central Intelligence Agency
Washington, D: C 20505
Dear Mr - Wilson:
On behalf Of Mr. Harold Weisberg of Frederick, Marylana I
request access to the following:
1. 4L1 records pertaining to Dr . Martin Luther King , Jr
2 . All_records pertaining to the assassination Of Dr_ Martin
Luther Jr_
3 _ All_records pertaining to James Earl under whatever
name or alias
4 Allrecords on anyalleged or (ugpectedjaccompLice or
associate in the assass ination Of Dr Martin Luther King, Jr.
5 . ALL collections Qf_published materials on the assassination
Of Dr . Martin Luther King, Jr.
6 _ 4lLanalyges commentaries_ reports or_ investigations on
or in any way_pertaining to any published materials on the assassi
nation of Dr . Martin Luther King, Jr. or the authors of saia materials
7 _ All records letters cables , memoranduns routing slips _
photographs
1
tape recordings receipts _ sketches , computer printouts
or any other form of data pertaining to or in any way relevant
the foregoing requests for information, regardless of source or
tg
origin 6
This request is made under the provisions of the Freedom %8
Information Act, 5 U.S.C. S552 , as amended by Public Law
Sincerely yours , 3
([au
James H_ Lesal
King,
Ray'
93-502=
{teat
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13-00000
21 JUN 1976
Janes H. Lesar, Esquire
1231 Fourth Street S.W _
Washington , D.C.
260zi
Dear Mr . Lesar:
This acknowledges,receipt of your letter of 11 June 1976
on behalf 0f Mr _ Harold Keisberg requesting , under provisions
of the Preedom 0f Imforation Act access to any CIA records
dealing with Dr _ Martin Luther King, Jr.
9
and/or James Farl
and any of his` alleged or suspected accomplices in Dr . King - 5
assassination _
I shall arrange for a search of CIA files and shall be in
further communication with You once the search has been conpleted
and any records found reviewed for releasability under the Act.
As You nay know the heavy volune of Freedom of Inforation
requests received by the Agency has resulted in processing back-
logs If we do not respond within the 10 working days stipulated
by the Act it is your right to construe this a5 a denial subject
to
appeal to
the CIA Information Review Committee _ It would seem
more reasonable however
9
for us to continue processing Your request
and to respond as soon as feasible _ Any denials 0f records could
be_ appealed at that tine _ Unless we hear fron You otherwise, we
will_ assue that this is agreeable to you and proceed on this basis_
For Your infornation, I am enclosing a copy of our fee schedule .
If the charges Seem likely to be considerable I shall provide You
with an estinate and perhaps require a
partiai payment
in advance
of processing _
Sincerely ,
Is / GFIv
Gene F Wilson
Infornation and Privacy Coordinator
Enclosure as stated
IPS/CES/cb/21 Jun 76Distribution:
Orig Addressee
1 Chrono
IPS (F-76-382)
Ray
YIPS
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8 0 NOv 1976
IPSIDGV / cr/29 Nov 76
Distribution:
Addressee
Janes H. Lesar, Esqulre 1 OGC (Strickland)
1231 Fourth Street S.#. DDO/ PICG
Rashiagton, DC
200z4
3
OS/ IRG
AI]DDA
IPS (Weisberg,E-76-382)
SPR
Dear Nr , Lesar: IPS ( Neisberg Correspondence)
1 IPS Chrono
You #ilI IdcaLI that 0uT latter 0f 21" June 1970 ackobLedged
recoipt 6f Yont:Jector Op-bohalf 0f #r. HaroId Nefsberg requesting,
under provisions ef the. Freedob of Inforaation Act, Ccess t0 any
CIA Tacords dealfng Vith Dr < Martin Luther ring, Jr.
>
ad tD those
dealing Rith James BerI Bay)_and a pf8 bis alleged Or snspected
accomplices in 8r . Ting' $ asgassinattoa .
Wo find that we are' 073b10 to rospond to Your Tequsbt 08 1t
Dor stand: due t0 1agal and regulatory rostrictions 0x tho release
@E personal Infordation Eroa-offlcial records . In that light,
Pleasa be advised that 70 caa Proceed- n further with YoUT request
unless ard until- #6 arB 12 feceipt of notarlzed stateaents pf Te-
lease Erom Mrs; Coretta and James EarI Ray respectively.
Those staterents skould be_quito specific 2$ to whet areas Gf
personal inforeatfon are and are not authorIzed for relgase by thfs
Agency to_Yob and yonr client. If 411 Inforaation in Our records
is releasable, that should: bo 50 stated; 1f oaly such inforaation
45 relates to specific Incfdents Qr to specific periods of tiae is
releasable , those cawbaes sheuld b0 clearly stated_
Fnally , #0 mu3t as% {hat you]Provide 2 statenent of #Illeg-
mess to pay search end duplication Eees a5 required by this Tcqbes€
and i2 liz0 with the Eee schedule enclosed. It 425 been eseInated
tbat such charges could approach $1900 . Along #Ith tbe notarized
stateaents above
0
and the statbrert f willingess to pay a11 sarch
and copying charges (ot those up to a0 established Iait) we would
require J dowa Peybent of hale the anCIcipated ckarzes- Payment
shonld be sada to tbis office ia the fora of 2 eheck 0r @onoy order
payable Eo Treasurer o€ thbe United .States.
Sinceraly ,
5RZe _
Gene F_ Kilson
Inforation and Prfvacy Coordinator
Enclosure
Orig;
King
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Page 120
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13-00000 F-n6-383
JAMES H_ LESA R
6k
ATTORNEY AT LAW
1231 Fourth STREET, 5. W:
WASHINGTON; D. C. 20024
TELEPHONE (202) 404.6023
December 3 , 1976
Mr Gene F_ Wilson
Information and Privacy Coordinator
Central Intelligence Agency
Washington, D. C_ 20505
Dear Mr . Wilson :
In response to your letter 6f November 30 , 1976 , Mr - Harola
Weisberg has authorized me to state his willingess to pay search
and copying charges up to the amount of $1,000 if such charges are
required by his Freedom Of Information Act request for records
pertaining to Dr Martin Luther King, Jr_ and his assassination.
Because you
require
a down payment Of half the anticipated charges ,
I enclose a check for S500 .00:
This payment Of $500 . 00 and any subsequent payments made in
connection with this request are tendered with the express resexva-
tion that Mr - Weisberg does not waive his right to recover theae_
Y
C.I.A. regulations provide:
Records shall be furnished without charge
or at a reduced rate whenever the Coordina-
tor determines that waiver or reduction Of
the charge is in the public interest because
furnishing the information can be considered
as primarily benefiting the general public:
The Coordinator also may waive or reduce the
charge whenever he determines that the inte-
rest of the government woula be servea there-
by _ 32 C.F.R. S1900.25 (a)
In accordance with this regulatibn, I call upon you to
determine that it is in the public ana governmental interest to
waive search and copying charges incurrea in connection with Mr
Weisberg s request. Enclosed herein is a copy Of a letter to Deputy
Attorney General Harola R Tyler Jr _ which makes a similar request
0f the Department of Justice The reasons expressed in that letter
for granting a waiver are incorporated in my request that you grant
a 'waiver_
Should you require it, I will provide you with affidavits by
myself, Mr . Weisberg, and' others in support of this request for a
waiver of the search and copying charges for these records If you
do wish supporting affidavits I would appreciate it if you would
1
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13-00000
2
inform me of this as soon as
possible- I woula also request
that you indicate what standards if any , you have established
for determining.whether
or not a request for waiver should be
grantea.
You state that you can proceed no further with Mr Weisberg s
request "unless an until we are in receipt Of notarized state-
ments of release from Mrs Coretta King ana James Earl Ray_
respectively Because Mr _ Weisberg's request undoubtedly com-
prises records which do not involve any proper claim of privacy
this cannot be true_ I do enclose however a copY of a
notarizea
waiver by James Earl Ray I will immediately
contact Mrs King
about a waiver by her_ In the meantine_ I request that you proceea
to make available those records responsive to Mr. Weisberg S re-
quest which do not involve any proper claim Of invasion Of privacy-
Sincerely yours
d
H dax
James Ha Lesar
==================================================
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13-00000
19 JAN 1977
Janes H. Lesar Esquire
1231 Fourth St NH
Washington, DQ 20024
Dear Mr_ Lesar:
Thank you` for' your Ietter of 27 Decenber _ Thts wTFI acknowledge
recetpt 0f the sworn watver executed by Mr: Janes" Ear} and to
advise that. process ng f this portion 0f your request has been init1-
ated. Upon: recelpt %F the: Sborn watver from Mrs: King, as ment foned
In your Ietter 0f' 3 December;; We M11I: then be able to proceed wIth a11
aspects 0f your; FOIA request: He also Mish to acknowledge receIpt 0f
your check for 5500.
Thank you for: your asststance and contInued cooperatIon.
Thts request has been assIged the case nuber F-76-382 .
Stncerely,
E7e_
Gene F HtIson
InformatIon and Privacy Coordinator
IPS/EK/ cb/12 Jan 77
Distribution:
Orig Addressee
IPS Chrono
IPS F-76-382
OGC
Ray,
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13-00000
WCrSMFEd {N{fAMAl CSnF:ENTIAL SelRET
,l
SEeEli ELDUN REOUEST
Opriom'j 37 X03:>
C6 Pg
FOIA Appeal Harold Neisberg, for informabion ahout IpS
Martin Luther King , Jc. and Jaues Earl IPS F 76-382
{ua7pr,
70M KeSON
H.C . Bean 15 JUi hil 'ucsB6
Assistant for Information, DDA 5117
5;;7r
7 D 02 HQ
TC {Cmicer dosgnution, [oum nUmba aixj DAiE
bildiny) OfFicer5 COM-ENTS Numbar Comnmsnt Ro show from mkom
INITIALS Jo yhcm. Drov Iing acros5 calumo afur each comment ) RECEIVEO FORWARDED
Mr _ Wells , DDO Attached is an FOIA Appeal
THRU : Mr _ Addona DDO/PICG
with a due date of 19 7Z .
L_ D4L2SHQ HT-l
2
In accordance with IPS pro-
cedures the Chairman has assigned
action for this appeal a3 followa:
3 Mr = Dirks
1
DDS&T
THRU : Mr_ Redwond, DDS&T/FIO
Mr__Wellg>_ Mr Dirks-
6_E_56_HQ BY_l
4
Mr _ Stevens and Mr Blake
Designated Action Member(s)
5 should contact me within 48 hours
Mr . Stevens _
)
DDI
should there be any objection to
THRU : Mr - Lawler, DDI/FIO
2 E6104_HQ FX_4
the case assignment -
6_
The OGC attorney assigned to
advise you or your Appeals OEficer
regarding this: case is:
Mr:_ Blake , DDA
7 D 26 HQ BX_4 Mr, Ziebell
The Action Member or Appeals
Officer i8 requested to ensure
9 Mr. Ziebell; . OGC that staff work is completed and
the case is ready for presentation
6-D-0120
4 Hgs . BX -5
(should such be required) at the
11 4ug ZZ meeting-
Mr _ Biddiscombe, OS / TRGi
CE 31 HQ FX-l
2
4c}
H:G . Bean
#Efirn {J:
CRCLLY iANDLNC Foll REOCE;
ImTE?MAL {37"9 SecreT CONFIDENTIAL
US? JAL
WACLASSIFBED
Ray
#Jch
Aug
==================================================
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13-00000
Fet KzFcqt JCia
18
Z 20
520 d [eia
3381
Ac Lsn
==================================================
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13-00000
OFFICE OF TBE DIRECTOR
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
FEDERAL BUREAU .OF INVESTIGATION
MASHINGTON, D.C: 20535
Date: September 28 , 1977 BY COURIER
To: Freedom Of Information Act Coordinator
Central Intelligence Agency
4 Washington , D, C
4
u 44 Attention: Gene F Wilson
RoOm 2E 42
W8 REBISIRY
From : Clarence Ma Kelley , Director Fr7- 09st
Subject: FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT (FOIA) REQUEST OF
HAROLD WEISBERG
This is in reference to our referral of documents
to your Agency dated August 18 1977 and your response
to that referral dated September 9_
i977
F
77*564 clos- 9/9/77
We have segregated from this referral those documents
which are not responsive to Mr Weisberg ' s FOIA request _
The remaining docunents which are being forwarded to your
Agency are construed to' be within the scope Of Mr Welsberg ' s
request _ Should you reach a_ determination that some of
these documents are not responsive to Mr Weisberg 's request ,
please return those documents which you s0 consider to the
FBI _ We would appreciate your processing all those documents
which you consider to be within the scope Of Mr Weisberg' s
request as it is necessary that we resolve the disposition
Of these documents ana so inform the requester without
further delay.
Attached are Fiva documents from our files which
originated with your Agency . Please examine these documents
and if classified_ determine if classification is to be
maintained , If continued classification is not warranted
Or if the documents are unclassified and otherwise releasable ,
please delete any portion to be withhela under the FOIA
ana cite the applicable exemptions.
LL: R Li & p =g
1776-1976
Laxltnr .
less
6
aevOLuton 8
==================================================
Page 126
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13-00000
Centr Intelligence Agency
Also attached are two FBI documents which contain
information received Erom your agency The information
is being referred for a current classification determination
and releasability under the provisions of the FOIA _
If there are any questions regarding the above ,
please contact Ralph Harp, FOIPA Branch , at telephone number
324-5566 .
Enclosures (8 )
2
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13-00000
JamEs H _ LESA R
ATTORNEy At LAW
1g31Jourth STrEet: 0. W:
NaOHiNOTON; D: C: 2002a
Inuhor (Zor) 404+802)
December 23, ' 1975
M
FREEDOM QF_INORMATION_REQUEST
08
5
Er . Barold Tyler, Jr - 5
Deputy Attorney General
J. 8_ Department of Justice
Gashington , Da C, 20530
Dear Hr . Tyler:
On behalf 0f Mr Barold Weisberg I Em requesting that You
grant him access to the following records pertaining to the as8a8817
nation 0f, Dr , Martin Luther,King,. JE- :,
1 All receipts for any letters, cables aocuments reports ,
pemorandums , or Other conmunications in any for whatsoever .
2. AlJ receipts for .any Items Of physIcal evidence.
3, All reports or nemorandums on the results of any tests
performea
On any item 0f evidence_ Including any comparibons normally
nade in the investigation Of a crime _
4= 411 reportb or memorandums On any fingerprints founa at the
scene of the crie or on any item allegedly relatea to the crime_
This 18 meant to include, for example, any fingerprints founa in Or
oOn the white Mustang abandonea In Atlanta
0
in any roon allegedly
ubed_ Or rentea by James Barl Ray ana On
any registration cara _ It
shoula 4lbo Include all fingerprints founa On any item considerea 48
evidence in the asba8sination Of Dx , Martin Luther King, Jr _
5, Any taxicab log Or manifest Of Memphis cab driver James
McCraw OI the cab company for which he worked _
6 Any) tape or tranbeript of the. radlo logs Df the Memphls
Police Department or the Shelby County 8heriff'5 Office for' April 4,
1968 .
7 , All correspondence and records of other communications
exchanged between the Department 0f Justice Or any division thereof
ana:
Ra A Ashley , JI .
Lji.€ *04
Barry 6 . Avery
1
0
3
==================================================
Page 128
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13-00000
James G _ Beasley
Blair Saexa Zaieutt'
Phil Mg Canale
John Carlisle
Robert Ka Dwyer
Gov . Bufora Ellington
Michael Eugene
Percy Foreman
Gerola Frank
Roger Frisby
Arthur Hanes , Jr .
Arthur Banes _ Sr =
w_ Benry Bafle
William J, Haynes
1
Jr ,
0
Robert w. Hili, Jr ,
Willfem Bradford Bufe
George McMillan
William Ng Morris
Jeremiah 0' Leary
Davia M. Pack #
Lloya 4 Rhodes sfunton
J, B Stoner
Hugh Seener Jr =
Eugh B+On0E57} 8r_ sfanton
8 AlL correspondence
Or records 0f other communications Per-
taining to the guilty Plea Df Jameb Earl Ray exchangea between the
Department 0f Jubtice or any division thereof and :
Rev . Ralph Abernathy
Rev . James Bevel
Rev . Jesbe. Jackbon
KIb . Coretta King
Rev . Samuex 8 Ryles
Rev . Andrew Young
Harry Wachtel
9 411 notes oOr pemorandums pertaining to any letter, cable,
Or other written communication Erom or on behalf of the District
Attorney General of Shelby County Tennessee, or the Attorney
General Of Tennessee to the Department of Justice Or any division
thereoe _
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Page 129
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13-00000
10, AI1,notes_
Or memorandums Pertaining to.any telephonic
or" verbal Communications Erom or on behalf of the District,Attorney
General. of .Shelby County ,:Tennessee * 0r: the Attorney "General"of'
Tennessee to the Department'0f Justice Or any division' thereof:
11 . All tape recordings ana all logs transcripts notes
reports nemorandums or any other written recora 0f or reflecting
any surveillance of any kina whatsoever Of the following
Perbons :
Judge Preston Battle
Wayne Chastain
Bernara Fensterwala
Percy Foreman
Gerola Frank
Arthur Hanes , Jr.
Arthur Banes Sx .
Renfro Bays
Robert w Bill , Jr ,
William Bradfora Huie
James E, Lebar
Robert I, Llvingston'
George McMillan
Judge Robert McRae , Jr ,
Albert Pepper
Cerol Pepper
James Earl Ray
Jerry Ray
John Ray
Richara J, Ryan
J , B Stoner
Rubbell X, Thompson
Harola Weisberg
This is meant to include not Physical Bhadowing but 41b0 mail
covers mail interception, Interception by any telephonic_ electronfc,
@echanical or other means 85 well 85 conversations with thira
Perbons ena the ube of Informantb _
12 . A11 tape recordings ana all 1ogs transcripts_ notes ,
reports , memorandums or any other written recora 0f Or
reflecting
any surveillance Df any kind whatboever on the Committee to Investi-
gate Assassinations (CTIA) or any person associated with it in any
way .
Thle 16 meant to include not only Physical Bhadowing but albo
mafl coverb , mail interception , interception by any telephonic,
electronIc , mechanical or other means a6 well 48 converbations with
thira Persons and the use Of informants .
only
==================================================
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13-00000
70
43+*44L recorde Bertaining to,Any alleged %r contemplatea
witness, Ineluding any statements , transeripts , reports , Of memoran
duns 'Erom Any source whatboever :
14. All correspondence 0f the following Persons , regaraless
Of origin Or however obtained:
Bernara Fensterwala
Percy Foreman
Robert w, Hill
Willian Bradfora Bute
Janes Ea Lesar
Albert Pepper
Carol Pepper
Jemes Barl Ray
Jerry Ray
John ` Ray
J, 8. Stoner
Barold Weisberg
15 . 4lJ letters cables reports memorandums or any other
form Qf communieation concerning the Propoged-guilty Plea of Janes
Barl Ray .
16 _ A11 records of any Information request or inguiry Erom,
or any contact any member or representative of the news media
pertaining to the assassination of Dr , Martin Luther King , Jr .
8ince April 15 , 1975 .
17, Al1 notes memoranda , correspondence Or Investigative re-
ports constituting Or pertaining to any re-investigation Oc attemptea
re-Investigation Of the assassination of DI KIng undertaken in 1969
Or anytLme thereafter, and all documents setting forth the reabons
Or guiaelines for any Buch re-Investigation .
18 _ Any ana 411 records pertaining to the New Rebel Motel
and the DeSoto Motel.
J9. Any records pertafning to James Earl Ray'$ eyes_ght.
20 _ Anyrecords. made avallable to any writer or news re-
porter which have not been made available to MI . Harold Weisberg.
21. Any index Or table 0f contents to the 96 volumes of evl-
dence On the assassInation of Dr , King .
22 , 4 1bt o8 all evidence conveyea to or Erom the FBI by any
Jegal authority, whether state, local , Oc federal.
by ,
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13-00000
23 _ 411 reports . notes correspondence pr memorandums
pertaIning to any effort by" the Department 0f Justice to expedite
the transcript Of the evidentiary hearing hela' In october, 1974 ,
On James Earl Ray 5 Petition for a writ' Of habeas corpus
24 _ 411 reports-
0
notes or memorandums on information con-
tained in any tape recoraing deliverea or made available to the
{TBI Or the District Attorney General of Shelby County by anyone
whomsoever , AlL correspondence engaged In with respect to any in-
vestigation which was nade of the Inforwation contained in any of
the foregoing.
25 . Al1 records of any contact , direct Or indirect _ by the
FBI , any other police Or Jaw enforcement officials, Or their infor-
wants with the Memphis group of young black radicals known a5 The
Invaders .
26 . AlI records 0f any burveillance of any kina' Of The
Invaders Or any member Or asbociate of. that OrganIzation _ This 18
meant to include not Only PhysIcal shadowing but also mail covers
mail' interception , interception by telephonic, electronic, mechanical
or other means as well 45 conversations with thira persons ana the
ube Of inforantb .
27 . 4l1 records of any burveillance 0f any kina 0f any Of
the unions Involvea in or asbociatea with the garbage strike In
Memphis or any employees or officialb Of saia union8 This 18
meant to Lnclude not only Physicel shadowing but a1b0 mail covers ,
mail interception, Interception by any telephonic, electronic
mechanical Or other means 4s well 88 converbations with thira
perbons ana the ube Df Informantb .
28 _ A11 records containing informatlon which exculpates Or
tends to exculpate James Earl Ray Of the crime which, he allegealy
committea_
This reguest for disclosure {s made under the Freedom of
Information Act, 5 U,8.C. 5552 , 4s amended by Public Law 93-502 ,
08 Btat. 1561 .
Bincerely your8 ,
E
Jim Lebar
==================================================
Page 132
==================================================
13-00000
UNELASSIFIED_ USTERY
ONLY
CONFIdENTIAL SECRET
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
SUbJECT: (Optional) REQUEST NUMBER
FWBI Referral se Marti,n Luthe ~et
75 -
77-322
FROM: EXTENSION DATE SENT
8 Aug' 77
SUSPENSE DATE M, Felton ISS/PICG HT-1_ 9532 1 s:
TO: (Officer dosignation, room'numbor, and DATE building) OFFICER'$ COMMENTS ` (Number oach commont to show fom whom
RECEIVED FORWARDED INITIALS @ whom , Draw Iina across]coiumn oftor Gach comment.)
2
3. Mr; C ~LaCtair
EUR EXO '6S56 8 AuG] 1977
QL IP1s
review the attached fior
re ]ease to the requester
Elg Thanks Lkal11
MDF
5
Bur]eLo
Ij: Na rord of subject
ZEAN @fo identifiabie
Felton Subject
JSSZPTCG Ht
Seei 31 ched memorandu
042a
RETURNETO #}
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
5986 3749 SECRET: CONFIDENTIAL INTERMAL: UNCEASSIFIED
OP'
USE ONLY
Kinq a 1
LX
==================================================
Page 133
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13-00000
REFERTO UsaF
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(Introcrt- 6 Eal tb?y: %oro probably rofor7 0 KARL; HARI Corquthot 0
8
tbo' CotrunIet . HanLfooto)
Quoted bolou @ro 'portlono of. onothor ert1olo ;undor tba;Ooptlon 'It' i150 t Fhlot" Wtitton DJ: ERREEST @1FFMI , Indapcndont Condlaaes froa. Tatrbenke, Alaeka, for tho Roubo of' Roprabontae_vo0t
61nrplob
thoro " Co6@d 6 00 lJttlo or qo attentlop pald to" tr
L
Bed)' bJ th) founaore or tnhlo dov net1on, tbo Congtxtpe4op;
tp beleretaon % Inoopandenoo
or tnho 'logro paopla a2 01tleond*or
tba6)' Qalted 8et0 _ "Tinoroforonoa
to . tbo Conotltut on ,of
tb ObItod 8tatoo) 0 PALtbougb thto ConotAtatlon; renko abovo
OrCT] 'Oedot Vitl0. Conot1tution {or oxpolIenco of It2 eoboce, , 1to
0L1lo16, tb) Poolelon. 0f 1t0 Lengucze, pnd: Ita JudIolou Dlxtaro
:or dIlnltenoeo In prInalple, Jt had bocor3 0 neglected ConotqCation:
CONFILEHTIAL
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CBony Inlon 1864 OvorZ Yort in 02,100 Deoorz 0r ojy
Grop 04ot Cko UD Porcond 8611300125 Lo eal .3.on 6671 Phlorz
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'th: Lagtooe: Thj ,Eurdorouo Vhico; C1t eeno; Counozl aro pox9227 Ecbldy
Jin Grov but 0t1-Soultio and AntI lobor' 'Thaj oin 10 t0 Paczo
tbo; gyelaa Of . oolor: ccgr ogatlon and Dieor_alnat on 0p: Ch) focdage
spoq IJch root iho Bhop otrugtur&_ 65 tno. PRAcbes to Eoree. 820269
Aleo eppaerIng: Ln W10' J89u5 Jo cp , crttolo rolae to3 tbat t12
Cathollo Karker bao protaetod ths prdlooking o2: @h0' Dally Norter 0
rlolation: 0, tba froodod' 0f tho Prooi;
1
Lo" ctIcla ' eppoarIng pndor tha oaptton Auto' Hlarkoro Teto Koe Rav
Loc )4n30" rofleoto tho- 0 donond {or '30"hour;' beok . 00 ' 4o bouro PavA
ue] QaM , Ford Local 6u0 end tba N1 CJO. Anothor aselolo undoi AJ
ccptlop "[ploycent Palisng Off) Froduot1v167:18 InopocoinzE 7otoo
8
JOd,CLARX Foolaant. 0f eha: Intornat_onal UnJon 00 Hti) Mu ocd
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ebout doo]lnlbj ceoloyt-4t Ln tnp Etal? Loduatry . A1Co: Czt {340h I
thlo . JceC) 0I 4) Aleeken Labor_ Wfcndor 10 ths" piaefor??' o5,DoALD
V. Bos0 Lpdspooesnt Cenasdat? for tho Bada €3 DUEST ' @aIPFTH, 6DB
1
DuLWT @d UII KAFOT Indopendont Candidatao {cr. (h3 Fopca @_
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tna gov6ra ent8 thoozht~oootro} WItoh Dwne Mloh 1o puchlrd Aeerloi
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Page 136
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1 3*00088
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bankocilooroat_on: Contor end: Caco tho oni cdvortiteer 15
thio;cdftionr aro botn; 14gced 40 Category Aldkan; Coez0
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Page 137
==================================================
13-00000
ffsn us4F
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76
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Qdotor
Calof, 8 Dn 25 1256
IOv Chloq of Staeton, Anoborego
Cm Repoov/cperetlonal
EerGT
ECUCC 'rencuttal Of Attooto cakod fron MAC CounterIntoLlIgenoo
Roport apT1l 1956
Subudtted mrovltb for Yowr InforeatJon end rotontlon Or Bereato
taa Iroo ebo AC Kbdthly Countor_ntollsgonoo Roport Oovertns abo parsod,
1 ~ 30 Apr1l 1956. Tb [nfornatjon pubedtted 16 tbat phtoh dealo
Mtb c @tv1e1o0 1 tba Alaeken Thodtro.
Kaoax k.24
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Page 138
==================================================
13-00000
COHFIDENAL
Crnesco Enrteou 0e Ouaetrtetolliei0 %rtp
0I,
01oso De @1, Mo
^E 0 MXTICd' 1 - X A01l 1936
Dw 0 BRTEti 1 193
Earn3ot A? Jatedooo la {oa 63 (31 Roataly Ootetarutalllo +0
Berr '00 0 {0110d'
gezr
Pere = 0p Ereer Grcoo 1 Aleeta, 0ede Cfleed @ R44ra
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30 49 013-3053 peceeruer Loo &ea 623 Jettra BuJ
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Page 139
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13-00000
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031 COCIN' Tbo ChaAIEI] Parktea @adtioued 0*01o_ J0 baLloved
615 V0 Ga Idlr dual 2 Caarieo LITOL] Parnal , 1er
rootonad 0 0p2*Xooloa Jp ebo 0,8, Nape/ Radetto beQadcd 0f
edalteed Fyo-Ruselen eptoaehLoe. BoXko'0 ccdeldcale31tabtedb
Pabt]_QBcooJatloa Mea Cornmlote, ' Dad Aprarede_aacootatlco
W1e Faaka, tertalaly Plocoo bota Aealvianalo I Qoeer0r]
sblob 0e Jenot, blghl] qusoeloneo}e;
bo Arebor Lnquls_enceraln} ESTHE H: DCnLEHBKI rovonled @ba
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Llac U0,
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Dant 08@091 I 05 Mjooloblk aro0 Jn @ Orfort 6 @tetutmd
6o Pioecnt ptetoebodto O[]SUBJrCT .
5. Tb Alaeta Labor)_Dafcadet , Rodehly_0ot70_PubLIoaelod,_bas
reomatly rearroarod In tro Padrbanko Uo0 oea Jto Iirot PobLlea6loa
Med n 1950. Pravlouo edJ GJo02 ox eble Dolurapet @prrated 14 242
Petrbaeto U 1 erly 1955, bpt Jt Vub dleoontLnuod ae*r Fablsoa-
Mo 0 Er OdJMlon0 d1) 60 emo rofuaa] 02 Jooal Attpekr} [4ca 6
Flmt @@boordedt_Coploo. Anong_edItortalo eproerso? @ to Aleekea
bbar Dafendet 0m eovertl etIoloo oontlaneed [o tba "OLITNHC,
Pailee400 of tm s001dlot Hertaro FurtJ, rhleb 10 OIted bJ eb
0 , 8, abltrr] (rartt 4 Wotor0lvo8 Oa0 ertIolo qoted Opecoh
0] 6) W pom a6 'rally bola et Cernerlo Ma4l 1 @ Jork 6
89 Rurod 19S6 Llob Tolotae, Ip roferttng 6 tbo Albert
Bod Poloj8, 'Led bJ Gloar thlntlng, (e
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bavo 410-
0red eaat 059 Tuo0 proble Vd JL bottoa a toonoado Poble.
0642U try bavo @edorored Eul 0 (In mfertleg 6
0al Far, ebav Doro probably rofori? 6 KarL HNRI, Oo_Dautar 0f
8
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Qpoeed bolou Co portlons OI amthor_@tlolo udor tbo] Oapelop
'It' 115 t rbln" Yriteon 0J Enzst QRIRPI, Indopendent Candlaned
V noa Jetrbeako, Alaeka, for to Rbuoo]0f Roprobontatlvoe:
"Tod- Uoto CoonD 1 bo JIetlo 0r Do ateenblod patd to 0d
L
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or 4a legro Peoplo 00 016100 01
eme+' Qalted Blaloda " (In rofarodoo to tba CodttI eutJon of
1 Daltea Beato0) 0 'AItboueb thlo ConotItotzon renko aboro
Oudt olrrt Tttto0 Condtitatjon {Or 0IO1Jedod or Ito tbren, Jt
0rll4t, uw FoaIo1o0 O0 1t0 lenguaro, ed It0 Judlotow @Lxtero
0I @Ilaleenor 1 PTLdolplo, J hw booord nealooeed Conot4entloda"
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Page 140
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13-00000
rine
~But 0 0u bo dootrorod paoa 5 loer {uea 0 boPo Od rped 4fo
Iteoy Wem 1b 0 Mtor] told DJ 0 Bd 0 Je Et 003 6 09
poeboro and]Dupportero, OX tm Mae Mtleono Uouaul,
'The #eeTo_pooplo of t5 Soutd Dvo becd Bertlo? 812, Batlet
QIoudoo and@OooPtIng_oondIt1ond enev oxLot Jo eb) Bopea, Datul feo
brawo E 1o Alebena turued Wht 8o0rd' 60 1 0 cetot_ Iato 0 Oprat
CuDI& by harIng oowreso onowah 6 oba ( lendo w J1 Orov Wn,"
Quotod' belov 1o Portlon 0f Qn/6d1torIu Vnadtr tba] japelon "Tao_Lod3oot
Plokot Lne Io tbo Horla" 40 appoar= In tbo 1956 prlJoatlon of
41 Alaekend Labor Dofander !
'Bvery__unlon Looal, OVOIY_vorkor Ln off1oo, faotory or rk-
Duat o It 0 Portonaj]OblAgat100 6 tako_QOe100_dov| Tal0 10
m 61m tor PaooLns tbo buok / Inlo 10 tho Me 6 oolloot ed 05
Jt Co tho Modt8ovary Irprovorent Apcooteflon, 0aco O0 Lert
0
H, Lo
Darter Avo . Beptlet Cburob, Montgorar7 NAbe
Tb) Woovo Itatored6 Vao Jobue4 bJ
turtouoebbt, Froetdanitel
cendldata of uho Boolallbt Horkero Pert, and roforo to tba S0,0U0
Maroo 4n boateorery' Nlebea vho Qco m 0 itrueslo ealnot Ji Oroo
on *00 Dueod Of tbat 01tJ.F 0
"aotdallj ebo oItrugelo dopar ed itder than ehe, Tbo
Pradont Vavo Of rco tortor 44 @tred Jn tbe Soutb 10 ba18 fanaod W7
E3 taalto (eeeno_Counot , Wnat 10 Dot Bonarelly bota Jo t126 610
eutrot 1' atrooted 4344000 ay whlto corkaro rbo dro to @lIdarIeo
Mta Mogrooe. Tba Eurdarouo Hblte CeIeeno Counctl 40 00t Qply_Feblaly
Jso Gov but Ant1-Stadtf0 ad AntJ-Lbor = 'Cbofr a1 10 C0 POertt0
00 00lra 08 oolor)peererabton ana 0Loor_alnatJon 00 4p [ocamto
VPod EaJob Tootd tho Opod]Okop dtcdotWO Of aho 'RLebt t Kot_ Bodea"
Ale eppoerlnr Lo tfo 1B809 Jo m rtlolo rlatleg ebat emd
Cathollo Korbor bao protootodths padlooklng 0X tho Dally Vorbar 0
rioltlon of 6d froedoa 0f tho PToro,
4o utlol spearIng pnder]tho OAptLon "Auto Hortoro Teto Br
1
1looo" TOflootd 0 "denend [0r 30 bowr vert 06 ho bomro FAI[07
U9 0Y, Ford booal 600, end tbo NL CIO. Anoehor artlolo marr 4m
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8
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tlo Jocd 0I 4 4lta Lbor Dender 1o 06 "pucort/ 08 DiDD
6IC, Meapodaeot_Oenataato, for Mo 8r0a6, [st @AITII; K
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13-00000
CONFICE YFHaL
dr @p road * u "nlalnto tho_ govoruedut '0
blaotlJoe ghlob haa
d1opitocahto ;
"llion Aeorioens, through
70 covertf
Rrnt__43onoJo0, on/&ooWItv Suopoot LIote - Rootoro Froodon 00 Bppooa
1 41" _
Teo Edltorlal 8tAff Of the AlAeken Labor Dofonaer 1o Iloted W Da
HOLJON, ERXST @RIPFIN, H COLLINTE CARTDR PaOB and FLL HIXTUE =
Mellmg tdo0u for tnlo Docidparot Jo
}.
0. Box 1915, Fabrbanko,
Maeb,
OI CO:ENt' AIebough tboro Jo no 0vIaonoo that talo Mer
PpRr [0 Ogeoolatod vItb tbp Coetunlot Portv Or 1t0 {rodt
orrenlodtIono, 1t 12 JoterodeAng 6 Mto tdat In mnJ_ "t1O4o',
+6d PaPOt bao quotod PublLoatlone or OfIolelo Of ertenterr
tlono vbloh bave boon OItod by mo U, 8, attordr]_(ederul W
01ther Tubvorolv0 or Coeuunlot InfIltrated a4 controlled.
It 4o furthor)_Ioteroetlng to Doto tnet HI} C@LLIHTB , 0
editor)_OI 4n1o DoropAPOT, and ROI BATISTB, Otdat o8 o Patr-
banko Hooroat_on Contor and Cefo_ tho only edvortleer 1
thlo edsfIon Cr0 both Iletod 80 I, Aloken Coerad
Survo_ILenoo Llot .
|
74
CONFICENTIAL
24 6.
sa A_Ly
Catobory
==================================================
Page 142
==================================================
1370000
UNCLASSIFIED; CONFIDENTIAL SECRET TOP SECRET
INITIAL REVIEW FORM
FOIAI PA Request Noz
Decunent Descriptton Dated
Docuene Located By
{ORFICE BiantiqN
Docunent referred tO DDO for; reviel by
RECOMMEN
Reileaae in full text
Release in sanitized
Deny oto
Defer decision to
Coordination With Rrior EO above denrallrelease
EXEMPEIONS ARE BE TNG CLATMED ITO PROTECTEUTHE FOLEOWING:
FOTA PRTVACY
Classification (6) (1) (k)6)
Information from a fore -gnephaison Service (6) () (J) (12(52
Information pertalning to a foreigh Laigon (5) () (j) (1) (B) (@
relationship
Information which would/coula identify the: (6963) (ij)(1)(b)
source
Information;pertaining
6;
to a source (6)(3) (j)(1); (6)
Information pertaining to inteli1gence method3 (62 (3) (j)(1)(5)
Location of CIA overseas installation (p) (3) (j)(1)xCb)
) Location of unacknowledged: domegtic; (6)x3) (j)(1) (b)
installation
Name of CIA employee (6)(3), (j)(1) (e):
( File number (b) (2) (1)(1)(b)
Pseudonym (6)(3) (j);(1)(b)
{
1
Entetoay"organizational
data
858 8858
Name 'of an FBI agent (b) (7) (1) (1) (b)
FBI file number (b) (2) (j) (1) (6)
Privacy of other individual (b) (6) (j) (1) (E)-
) Does not pertain to request N/A "Exempted portions
are not relevant
to the requester'
) Information from another Government agency (b) (1) (1) (1) (c)
*( ) Other, specify:
#For further guidance regarding exemptions_ please see DDA-75-5943 ;
16 December 1975 (Privacy Act) and HN-70-21, 14 February 1975 (FOIA)
Ne obiechon l ,ebeaet %1 0al unmaled hut COMMENTS AND/ OR SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS : Tozt mereed X ehbniel he Imh7e/
24
V (Eur;
Document No_
GNATURE 0F REVIEWING OFFICER 8 OfFIcE (To be completed by ISS /PICG)
E 2 IMPDET CL BY:
UNCLASSIFIED CONFIDENTIAL SECRET TOP SECRET
ESRM 3966
(20)
form
in
==================================================
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13-00000
73-004
OFFICB OP THB DIBECTOR F 77-322
7S- 4927
EK:CT
7S-4785
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE 7s - 6669
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION T6-I+3
0r MASBINGTON; Dc. 20535
Assiqn # Elk;
Date: May. 10, 1977 BY COURIER
To: Freedom Of Information Act Coordinator
Central Intelligence Agency
Washington , D, Ddo
L,
Zi_beli
Attention: Gene F Wilson
Room 2E 42
From: Clarence M: Kelley, Director
Subject: FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT (FOIA)
REQUEST OF= MRa HAROLD WEISBERG CONCERNING
THE COMITTEE TO INESTIGATE ASSASSINATIONS
Enclosea herewith are a' copy of 'correspondence
Erom Captionea individual and two copies Of each document
which originated with; your Agency .
Elease examine these documents ana if classifiea
'aetermine: if classification is:to be maintained . If
continued classification is not warranted or if the documents_
are Gnciassi Eied ana Otherwise: releasabie Please indicate
any portiong to be; Withheia under the EOTA ana :cite the'
applicable- exemptions:
{4o copies 66 each document are enclosed One
Copy 45i to be returnes iD Eba 3ame" condition as,
Feceived
thhire: Ehe Qqhhezishould beLisea touindicate deletions directly
Lhereon ana Naeurned to 4s:;
Wbiae i #exrecognizea that disposition Of Ehese-
documents coula be made dinectly by: you
to he requestert:
we Regueet Mdalz Getda S0 direct response to tbe<Eequester
Mayt be Maae the; FBI We have: Eouna: Erom " past exper ience
with Requests 61 this nagnicude that Suchsprocedure afforas
a pore easily managed System 8EJaccounting Eor releagea
macer;ial
Jos assist in accounting for this referral; it
i3 Fequestea that you directsyour reply to-binaa: Morcock
FOA Branch' telephone number 324-5550 .
Enclosures (9)
LL; Hd %0 62 XH
~SE0DET WaTErial AITACAED
Ck
bY
Siow
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13-00000
JAMES FI : LCSA R
KTTORNEY ^t LAW
1431 Fourth street; ' 5. W:
WASHINGTON D. C. 20024
TeLEPHONE (202) 486-6023.
December 23 , 1975
FREEDOM OF INFORMATION REQUEST
Mr Harold Tyler Jr
Deputy Attorney General
U S: Department of Justice
Washington, Da C. 20530 3
Dear Mr Tyler:
On behalf of Mr: Harold_Weisbergt I am requesting that you
grant him access to the following records pertaining to the assassi-
nation 0f Dr = Martin Buther, King , Jr
1_ Al1 receipts for any letters cables docunents reports ,
memorandums _ Or other communications in any forn whatsoever
2 Al1 receipts for any items of physical evidence.
3 All reports or nemorandums On the results of any tests
pertormea on any item o8 evidence including any comparisons: normally
made in the investigation; @f a erine
4; Al eports or memorandums' Onany 'fingerprints founa at the
egene 68 the 02e or @n: 80x Iten-allegediy related to the crime
This Js meant to anelae for exangle 'ay fingerprints found in Or
Om tie waite Muatarg apanconed I Atlanta in _ room
allegedly;
Dsed 01 rertea d232 JJames Jana ana_ On
any registration card @0
Shouta 2420 Znclu9e all fingerprints Eouna On: any: item; consiaered 95
evidence the a3sa53ina€on 01 Dx Martin; Luther King, _ Jr_
5 Gakioen 0 mapi fese Of Memphis: cab ariver James
Mogtaw 01 Ehe Can combary for whicb ne Workea
6 Awy bape 07 Eanae E2t 0f the radio Jogs; Qf the:_Memph -s
Peiaee Department Or the Shelby County Sheriff;,5, Office' for April
3968
74 A1R corres andence ara records 0f other communicattons
exchangea pe tween he Department Justiice or any"'division_ 'thereo _
ahar
R:; A Nshley; Jr-
Harry S: Avery:
1
any
Ray:
In
409 An
4;
Of
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13-00000
James G_ Beasley
Blair SaaaB
CaIcutt
Phil M. Canale
John Carlisle
Robert K. Dwyer
Gov Bufora Eilington
Michael Eugene
Percy Foreman
Gerola Frank
Roger Frisby
Arthur Hanes_
1
Jr
Arthur Hanes Sr
W_ Henry Haile
William J. Haynes Jr
Robert W _ Hill, Jr:
William Bradford Huie
George McMillan
William N _ Morris
Jeremiah 0'Leary
Davia M._ Pack
Lloyd A Rhodes sfanton
J B Stoner
Hugh Stener / Jr_
Hugh Stone#t Sr
stanto#
8 _ Al1; correspondence or records of other communications: per-
tajning: to the guiity plea of James Eari ' Ray exchanged between the
Department Of Justice or 'any division thereof 'and:
Rev Ralph: Abernathy:
Rev Oalmes Bevel
Rev: Jesse: Jackson
Mis; Goretta King
Rev Sanuer B Syles
Rev: Tnarew:Young
Harry Wachtel
9 A11 notes or menorandums pertaining tozany letter; 'cabie
Other writEen conunication Erom or On behalf Of the_ District
Aetorney General OE 'Shelby Couney mennessee;- 'or the Attorney
Generat 6f Tennesisee Eo the Department 0f Justiee or any divisjon
thereof
01
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13-00000
3
10 All notes or niemoranduns pertaining to_ any telephonic
or verbal: communications Erom or On behalf of: the District Attorney
General. of Shelby County - Tennesseesi : Or- the Attorney General 'of
Tennessee to the Department of Justice or any division thereof:
11. All tape recordings and all logs transcripts notes
reports memoranduns or any other written recora Of or reflecting
any surveillance of any kina whatsoever of the following persons :
Judge: Preston Battle
Wayne Chastain
Bernara Fensterwala
Percy Foreman
Gerola Frank
Arthur Hanes Jr_
Arthur Hanes
1
Sr :
Renfro Hays
Robert W . Hi1l; Jr _
William: Bradford Huie
Janes H Lesar
Robert I Livingston
George McMillan
Juage Robert McRae: Jr
Albert Pepper
Carol Pepper.
James Eazt Ray
jerry
gohn Ray;
Richara 08 Ryan
0 B Stoner
Russell 0 Thonpson
Farola Weisberg
Phis @s; meant #Q include not only; physical shadowing but also qail
covers Daby interdeptien 'ntereeptton by: any telepnowic electrontc
Medjana] 01 @then mean3 85 Welt as conversations with third
pereons Enie; 045e 6f ineonznants
12 A1ay tape ecora kigs ana a11 eranscripts: notes
reports memeranal4ns 01 any 0 ter written record 'Of' or
rrefiecting
eny Gurvet lance 65 any kina: Whatsocver on' the- Commiteee to Investi
gate Aa3a33 natkons (CTIA) or person associated with it in
Lay
Tnis as' meant Eo include not physical shadowing but also
mal covers maii intercepeion interception by: any' telephonic_
electronic mechanical Or other means as well as conversations with
third persons ana. the use of informants
Ray
Gd}
ana
1ogs
any any
onty
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13-00000
43.- AALl: recorde pertaining t0,any alleged_ or contemplatea
witness, including any statements transcripts reports' or memoran-
dums from any source whatsoever .
14 _ All correspondence of the following
persons regaraless
of origin or however obtained:
Bernara Fensterwala'
Percy Foreman
Robert wa Hill
William Bradfora Huie
James R_ Lesar
Albert Pepper
Caroi Pepper
James Earl Ray
Jerry Ray
John
J, B Stoner
Barola Weisberg
15_ All letters cables reports memorandums or any Other
form 0f conmunieation concerning the proposed guilty plea of James
Earl Ray-
46 A11 records of-any; information" request or inquiry Erom,
Or any contact by ' any member or representative of the news meaia
Pertaining to the assassination of Dr Martin Luther Jr .
since Aprit 15; 1975_
17 A11 notes Menoranda correspondence Or investigative re
Gta constitutrng Qr pestaining t0 any re-investigation or attemptea
Retiiyesigent9 (0 2 the as32ssenerton: Gf Dr_ undertaken in 19.69
04 anyuite; thereaEeer ana 311 exeunents egetting forth the reasons'
014 guhderines 263 apy Suc4 Ze investigation_
2a Eny atna at1 records pettaining to the: New Rebel Motel
aga Ghe Dersoeo Motel:
7091 3ecord8 Pertenning t Janes Earl 8 eyesight
20 Reeoras made avatttable to anywriter or_ news cez
portter Ubich bave no€-Bejen pade available Zo Mr_ Rarold Weisberg:
21 inaex 6_ abre 68 contents_ to €he: "96 volunes Qtdievi=
Gence ODz te 8s3assination O8 Dc Ring
22 A J18r OE: 211 evidence conveyed- to or from tne; :FBI aqy
legai authority; ahether sta€e} Jocal
1 1 Eederal
Ray
King,
Ro
King
Ray 13
Ay
1Y
Xx
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13-00000:
5
23 All reports, notes correspondence = or memoranduns
pertaining to any effort by Department of Justice to expedite_
the transcript of the evidentiary hearing hela in October 1974 ,
On James Farl Ray s
petition for a writ of habeas corpus
24 _ All reports, notes or memorandus on information con-
tained in any tape recording deliverea or made available to the
FBI or the: District Attorney General of Shelby County by anyone
whomsoever_ A11 correspondence 'engagea in with respect to any in-
vestigation which was made of the information contained in any of
the 'foregoing .
25 _ A11 records of any contact; airect or indirect by the
FBI , any other police or law enforcement officials, or their infor-
mants _ with the Memphis group of young black radicals known as The
Invaders
26_ All records 0f any surveillance of any kind of The
Invaders or any nember Or associate of that organization This is
meant to include not only physical shadowing but also mail covers
mail interception interception by telephonic electronic mechanical
@r other_ means' as wel as conversations with third persons ana 'the
use of informants
27. 411 records of surveillance of any kina Of of
Ehe unions Involved in or as3ociated with the:garbage strike in
Menphis O1 ay employees Or @ #ficials Of: Saia unions This i9
meant to ncjude not Physica] shadowing but also mail covers
#aldeincercereton interdeption: apy tejephonic , electronic;
wechanieal 01 Other Means as Wetl as conversations with thira
Rergons ana Ebe: #3e of_ informants
28 Anil recoras con taining ineormation which' exculpates Or
Eenas 4o excupate Janes: Eart 05 the; crime which he allegealy
conniteed
Thib 6ecn6st Jor;dteclogure is ade under the Fxeedom of
Inietnatzon Acit;; 5 UWISC: 5552 a5 amenaea by Public Law 93-502
88 Staes 7561,
Sincerely yours
Zk
Jim Lesar
the
any any
only
py
Ray:
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13-00000
IR( A -: I/t -> #F7))
"950 icrjoo
UnEE XES (; , ER.AIENT
i/emorandum
Acting
TC) DJi; 'tor . FBBI ( IJATE: 11/13/72
FRCJM 'Igal Altachc, Bonn (105-7501-1779 RUC
St BJECT : 3ERZARD ' FENSTERIALD , JR.
A^
IC_ZG
(O3:WFO)
Euclosed is onc copy oach of one
il'is) pcrlaining l0 subject rcccived from Bureau Sourcc 300. For dctails and
rcporling proccdurcs sec Form BON-6 attached to enclosed,
Request enclosurels) be translated 1
in sui:nialry verbatim end enclosure(s) and translation sent to interested 2
ficid division.
4
FIOX TO
BETUARD FENSTERWALD , JR DR JULIUSXMADER
Ijw Offices Mauerstrasse 69_ -
Fensterwald & Oblhausen 7066_Beriin_K_66
5o5 16th Street, N. W
]
Washington, D.C, 20006
REALARKS:
Thc ` enclosed is a form letter directed by JULIUS MADER
1
(Bufilo 100-169674) Mauerstrasse `69 _ East Berlin, to subject
soliciting the latter to buy MADER 1 S book "Yellow List: Whcre
is the CIA?" and furnishing an order blank for this purposc .
Subject encloses the order blank, indicating be wants
one ccpy in English of the above book, and his check
in tho amount of 82 which shows the designa
tio.Bcooma}
ttee to
11 Investigate Assassination,
6 '1-IL?Z-
EUCLOSURE
#L81-+e2 62x74
NO RDCORDED
14 DEC 15 1972
:ur 'AX (Knc. 1)
TXx Forcign Liafson Desk
2 ixonu
1 135-7501-1779
6
Mir 1o5-_4658 42
ids
(#)
1
22
62 -
58DEi
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Page 150
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13-00002
BON 105-7501-1779
4 chleck 0f Bonn' s indices reflected a reference to the
i, Couzittee to Investigate Assassinations Inc. _
1
927 Isth St.
1 X.#, Washington, D.C shich cane to attention in connection
Fith 3o1:'s destroyed file regarding "Committee for 'The
Inhestig tion of the Three Assassinations Information
Corcerning
B
Miscellaneous (FPC)" (Bufile
163-28234}
Bonn
indices are negative concerning subject.
-2-
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13-00000
Reea *17
CONFIDENTIAL
Altached is onc copy o a communication bcing sent to an East German
0ss. This icM Wis oblained from Burcue Sourcc 300, which is to be
des. ba.! in cownlinications prcpared for dissemination as ~another govern-
a:; accuc' which conducts intclligcncc invcstigations. The item is classified
(xinKNTIAL by lhe originating agency and bears lhc special marking
Fliariinx Notice Scnsitivc Sourccs and Mlethods Involvcd.
Pcrn:ission has bccn reccivcd from the sourcc to disscminate this
insatio: l0 (nitcd Statcs and forcign agcncies provided thc information is
#pioropria:ety classificd and paraphrased in a manncr Ihich will fully protcct
tt' #Nlura" O hc sourcc_ Verbatim quotation from the attachcd material and use
j;' ~oxplc:e. exaci, forcign addresses set out in attached material tend to
indica e tbe nature Of thc source and are to bc aroidcd #hen preparing com-
munications fof disseminalion _ Permission has becn reccived fromn the source
Eo wi:hkold thc spccial marking ~Warning Noticc Sensitive Sources and Methods
Irvolved* tron} Burcau communications containing properly paraphrased versions
of Bureau Source 300 information.
CONFIDENTIAL
433
2nother_ govermeat_ateney
E357C4
{C: Bi
II
LZ "indefiiite
fzc;.
@iCZOSURE L+
6%-Ii: ( *7
==================================================
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13-00000
k
3
2
1
J
8
5 PM ALI
E
Hlice
2 OI IlAt3*v 88ve _ YQ:
E
7
'JcT;
D: C 'Vuo 5
E
Dr. Juliug Mader 1
L
Mauerstraeee 69
1066 Berlin w 66
4
1
1
65
KSHIRT
3
==================================================
Page 153
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13-00000
AMZRICAN POLITICAL ASSASSINATIONS:
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Of WORXs]PVBLISHED
1963-1970
RELATED TO . ThE ASSASSINATION Of
JOHN: F KENNEDY
MARTIN `LUTHER XING
RObERT -F: XENNEDY
Compiled by.
The Committze TO INVESTIGATZ ASSASSINATIONS
WASHINGTON; D: C:
COmittz} TO INVESIGATE ASSASSINATONS
1973
==================================================
Page 154
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13-00000
JoN % [INNedr Jlebol, AX to Elleo"
Jte Ieg
L74lo % Reroe 4587, ! #
Olee LebMel Euolo ToTorti 1x 00 15088 '
Genlrl
7e6LZZ
Z 38 BLe crE 1500;
66d
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T boarteolo 09e3er4gi Mne RLsht to Bm Echeoo Surseat pteQuE eL_tteser Bnddt,
FPs 26776.
Let 1 Jepwss 1964, 25, Jus Mitass Iyeut- dtdea oa #leeltLuteLleyLs; Et5 Tt0806 , Ieluto Jo Norocber '1963, Jwl-JJex: Boobor, 0o', &.6/ Diaro 3969;
0iasadaatjod, Aacueds 1S Austst
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90;' Llaecan 4o Dalloul 42de,25uL 1962 0neotdE2Jate LiIensd'
07d J, Teno: "s6e3 nactI00o et MMslom RItuet Lo Catasetopha} {2nn36y_Niu-
ToUZZ
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adeo Cnsa05 Io Wohaztoa; [ALeeanegHerakd texugknes 29 Jenwn 1964, 1do
Portk Q aLcon," sttuIsdul_Ecko M1 Bce bot 1906,
21 25. Po 5.8Risst rell
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Drochato "easth hee Founcad ExCaTpE Trori ImsleL_ Jecenrdl;" Eoatotcuoas
Irlenben; [Gotdeas"e5d" 1961, PPs Tr
Sapten ber 1965, PP: A-1 . Dctegutos, Carles. Md
Matlo 67 Dallas. 8pecestor , Z12(1964) , D516,
44 _[ter, eotten Ce4t4n, M(1961) 1401 . Beodioo IorLoL;
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"1-28 % @oo 1(1969) , PP: 86 *mr6
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JascIoat tko @porter" 56054 Tnat Veo Seea md Read:
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{Ertol;
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a Toratr 22,+J962." Leatea LLgtIatttae: Doecabor 1964. Jem 1964, TGTOL 2i4c IC6u. Woieedtorki{ 125'
J6o Thoj Cr 5671087 MOLGRI 787 Novaroce 1961, Pa00. 1emr ds Mfred:
4eJn:
2utle_(ruaDellcq theDrcnaeu_4opead: Rav Tortt_Expestetea Prede, ClertooaTM
porroohitto eLerLLenelMLnan
4 Ioti Poccer, 1970.
x:' ~Ine Noesolaatlc Ludusc5yi TedcetIet CockLLot o[ PebIIcoctoas 6
"oteth5.Si "treetdeat Leannd"' Mrveaks;" JM % 1961 , PPa MbJos
fe Kutdor 06 PreaIddt Joho 1.8 Lmn46. Kremsoak Sueeer 1968, "Noveeber eo KanEs 05' Tetts Deatber 1961, Po 35,
In Neor)_sto0e Pala} {oru) [coltoss" Actca, !6 Ecnaber Po 766, G8adoraT 62 Ntoe byecca85, dortee % Norer bee 1967, @s 11
35; eeeorm}: Jobe_LLtEketa dEsnnedro Neshtascoat brenlea s688 Novopepor eho 0ab, {9t9 Je EutnedeVecb 9 1561, 31-21
0"8516, Conor C 5tzt 0JWSZ ZdTeld Roeort 14
Nohleir
& "artu, Iovebor ztnd, 1963. 0 Lqks lelo Gnders Irrcbor-Diceebor 50-J1, 6uh 0t16nae5, JOZTNteunes 71, 0o
"adio";4585).
[964_ 69_ ~ro 00 Elsa but hte " Nav Qti % 3aaE de 33ani7is;' idaw &tiat HLeA." Ludeu_ M O"Toole, Da Jeess E Poutaias
543e 3 Sepcet ber PPa_479-6ol.
"thok4a4z 4 19649 735. Lexetuurte qunotsy 0 (J966) , 1J7
'7oa Cur76U TuntT5oy 60 Kr: GIveas" 1erat oouenel 1J Avgwt 1978, FQa eno Jaur Riehtt Me Moeeoeteetlo:"
'Po 1l-JZa "6 che Vritlos 0 0leeo5=
27 27 Decerbor %96*853, J-J4s:'
totee for 0 LaveseLeacIod:" Eoauloes Daceabor 1960, Ppa 21L+. "ovuld ', AIutortc
57
4o 10 sard ppo 0 Clos [de Eho_Dooto Noc)opadtos T65| 0f the LIalt 08 tha Martes Zaresetesttoos "Otbot Cuas. #Ntees 0
Juix 1960 , Po: 36-31,
mo Wlpertb ) %t Juy Augwt_1966, TP:]29-32 . Iucbo, FIccatt ^ Kaoto
5a00
po D.
Toj 05notantigs CrodbIlb7 Q1288. ne Wtportoz at Kaceh Ppa+21- 98.
cerue Ud [t,' %ectbQoote, %3 eectebar P % 3
22 BetecDorcr, Muiba: "Leeos {ron Leedods NGv endssecuor'$ @oerotctIve Clelrvozepes. ' MeoorLoeL_0ug Jut 1966,PPa #Pucto} L do. Dalley. M
1 Bcrsaee J961, Ppa 196190'
#leeis rch Bale:
#ov tho Ranaedy_Iotajetfoelea Nas Oresekead," IWkoortsr
Packach, Agcader
045245,2 &igx:
Xem tautes $ : pps %0+8 LLOZ, Juby-Aveet 1968, Rps 2027 = Fatbolottos Siaee:"' Loes
5201o5. jelenseDbkare; 7865u5]1967, DPa+J5-%.
D1seeto.
Kees ene,67365973584 Juttete J sutered {rea Mdlte%
PIectdo @1 @OJDLsRdL EctoLLIocurontdl-d:_elepee 0lthe_LeeagelautLuOL Fomeaeae Nex 43 July 1967;
Dinad 0o755 22376 162 c171TAd 1all td HovaM Coj, MIETO Fioto #eord 8155tVo Vniehed {re Rovsbor 22-29,/[1963,"
507716 71963, Ppa {165. Lielt %5 J3md
Rarold; 'sroadcnoe Wa sourcrd o1 Ietorastloa Ia Eoactcde Prbbltc CrIeeet Eao Js %8 MJI 6863rdyt Keob &0 Judreae t9 Nms iroidenttel Maass_astae, Jeumul 9 Erond Spctos 1964 107-136. Hn 1967 Pp._+21-25, orbeet," snprdu, Litus
La ~echoes 6[ Dallu. 6 WIZIIZ Ldm 1709
'81865) =
86
"llttten%6584471 kantszt
snedev 3t111
070: Noverber 1966 , Po 6
Cee Grr MLts 8o5ze " MLIk
71to57 Iresedz - Wluauruted Ledo Kare, 664 d0o 1707 (1951) , 766_708. 3588 83Gitos
Pa J, Int_ ,5 Meto" 55 5a77geor (ot75;' Jegul4LILtddua27 Nover "Portrtit ' 01 8 Metoed oLtbo Na Torkt Keretet bec 1961, P Pezchapses; " IZZE / Docaabo; Dd Meol,_ 1904.
1e1c so K743 eeg "st45o6,! 1987: Beages cae 4T7 Ntlovul
46736
Coro jo Ioere8u ped Seera Soboas Joxbao 1 Decoebie 196), PPa[296 "treside} MIlu. cra
4i {9c38,PP. JlXLs:
n. Nodrloated 6y Gen5 T 07ii3} jisoiedG
"strttCt Braalls 22. dorerort;" Dorta; 26 Roveebes J96J. Zreutdet &0015; iedel X dove bor
"@LJed Pmbsedatt sN Dtoa Rrnedt, @oIty: 2) Noverbdr 196J.
Autuldant
cxeselnssod:" * 21 Horerbor
nd s. Lyrd: "Seeds of Boubt# So 2 QaoeIoQ8 Nbovc tho_ NoeaotattIoo." EG Leeed_ Lxr (tTo Piceuro) . Volper Po
21 ReE bet 1962, PP: 16-17 . 357 577ienono Trotos
29 Notreser
Productio_ bUu caees Meoeletd
Tall; 6 M Dallu 41 S83010 01/41 Iaccover.' Eatou tooucg tickl 8* Aenvedt; 16 #ce6a7
Po %.
Po M.
ircaber 1966, FP: 19-22. 367 5i6 Laa6 4966, Pp: 208-210.
Jub} photea @a 5-54j1 0f]aucop0J+ ' Heaveats 16 Hovedter_1900 Ppa_D-J, Gratie: Mauundth W3170te haeednedo 45
L0qulo nceded: Jucat_Ono]/{Q6751T55 Ua' seueLatelaa. Koy_Jott 7^ Quee 4ad S66 796. Letulle iudrtdt
wutlne: 15 Eeceaber 19664 0 Jojucoy 1767, Rand Mche} %
Ieveb $ pecar bor
po H. Tregedyt 5S_Jv nd HerldRepert, !Recber 198} & 6, Marcut . Coto . 37424777ei2t _46,
Ldodt 7C5ut7i mT: CoadeasacIGu Tr6a Gl(t of_Erophesz, Rndes"!DLIRees,
La cho Eo Judesza5/ OL 1967 ,
1961.
14ly-1965 , PP: 235-242.
to
Soucbo Aoes 46 47r65oon746 , P374 Prs 30-397.
ild "ori8 coacemIng tho Retth_eL_4 Ereutdent 67 V Kaadestar " UastIaemd "Reactioa to tha SCo6n Wae Lettug Bes B8f 1961, J30. %ca2dMelort- 0 Janwn 1967 , P. J6, 997onde557/*777XZZX
{ro } S#porte t0 Qlti3
up. [dat-r: Meuenth eL_Ercnldcnt_Jche Ls_Eqmcsr: Nev Tork} Nov mr- {roa
944keC"z; @ 81963) , 16i055859. Cerun" Cad
07
Libzicy, 1063, the Pl " jnvdd,7/1 Teetrr
#pbt. 2ui @lLteleatbe_Du_lnNarancr_Iuevord {nDlla _ Ve_HeudL KoEG Jone Luto_ Eu dorquldecn; 1
Poir Rilos-aec
Rcv 7ori; idhcieur , 7771965, Rtn_ere danto 0TZDLo Wana da nackogoL &acuutoeu D1y3 Az
'K Ncv Kcanedy Thecry 0544028: 10 Horetbcr 1966 , Pa][73S, D1} Talaat, LArToo Dcaor Joho U 650n8, Gua
~#cparc tro HerIco m dactIon €0
%a
Rcodedy 6 Tragtc Eaath:" Sothelte
Iobert;; &arle La Dalle. Nezveeb Decceber Y2eanL, @cczher 1961, Pa 12. Robartoba: 0, meInuohAbout chet Tdlnatta:
ec, #96ci PPa_26-29,
Et Torka Groaaat ma 0*1 ~ 1081
10roo
31963, @r}'
3
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Mu
Jel) ~Noteo
8124227196 22, Tuota: ~Nov Nalee;" Coe 0 "Nor
1966,
TTho
1967,
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1967, 0u 1963.
10reies, Cawr
Vodo 1967 ,
JJebo
1966,
Phele' "lot
cal 49o8d6 ,
Neu 0r
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1963.
1ici9e ;
Potoom) = 7ie:
~Proczo to. T1'_ 1960,
New 196), ocoro
Iel 1963, Roue 47RG
MeeneLip IES J963, i983,
"FIUet
fedw,
Gui "Nev 1lee4
PIT . 3962,
Rastio, ~Ruah Cepr' ~aeceioa 3r Jown
~Reectloa M1JJoBo .
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e1 . fob @Lbcelc telte;" 28LE@Leetderdt eenedot Betol 4 4467
0 Leoe6 Ketestatttoa;"
Jo $ Goolats; Ah4areett 3474 etde 4
Ber t0.
ELyK Slrrksseeedts H &eto" #
0 Creae Rotion
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LJ, @ 1
t0 JudgecpEi
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J7k3. 6
247i7
2
ZaIlNvisEOF 1967, PP: 7-10, Ikee=n9' tatmos J" " rem
Lnte Je35 144
il, Brcrend; JeQruticm o_cha urnuloettogs Pepeele, Roj. Ood. O1-ou. Libm % b&ka 6 Elled:'
ftbzoti ~bout707177; MITTEZZ sopcarbes_1900, Pp: 807-086t. 8 Joplens. Legd
Maanlllar tetmuesh' , Q
Jge
Arr %tG 7oo [e[omad2elly Nev Tort' Sear4606, 1969 . Moamd
05 drr 4e I Yottu #eaaet Kasctreo
"i9n1; 7a70h77T EunLltoochly 0Lte2s, Juex, Argust, Becel bor Ppa 326-320,
3emcod Elnbtelt4 "
Plemt %6; VLCh Lenosdy." Good Jereeaceless
Drorreeos Vca GorciLeteuton Eb
160-160, 470, 172, 174 Nnilzt_ 1966, Ppa][$7-67 ,/130, Iouetr775 86 (.e
Dhtle d-eabereheutaelrettnlt
td Seador Venocus; td, AIrtbuto ito John 0 Keedt: @Lessot
35" 26 1 "2 Jely; % Julyo $ @rebrso
Blcenaies [axuv, 1906 Lagzelopedu @ound DuilJcn V 5766, Dbet
"+5O % KMed Econody!" Lnasenusve_tsantne: Norttber 73x4titt; LybeMtte borodt 1966, Ppa X Mnccod_ 8, W6 TOI Juz a
Lc OJaobts;} D4alte 4es;
Jeat ierietr%} Jousolutaona % the Uberel Dllez# m the Muaautnaelea % Preole 7I= Boelage; 535E
Totlt Toranrd Crls
Cs
Joumal of Panot Becebgt]_1965 , 616-648++ TTM cho 10. @d Atiiite25,416716,57 Seer.48%88; 84656,
Willar40d
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3s
L Tou
67374 F 4 Brerbos 10.
Vo, 7
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4 Hcrd
SIrLeoeekor, O*uthl76
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E; {tutds Lerce 1 Mcasrc 196},
Jngee Nrthur $o_ Jro Tuogz; John TTEzoraTdRonao-
Aud:%6i Rrocartad #tanoeottesIeu
2LteeLentb 16 Dcoebor 'iodi; pea 5x-%3; Eqtor Trosody tnd 7965; 2_Ltuttenss
Nar Torti S5t
Corp: MIoeps 44n3onLWeLu-Joha 1 Kqmedro Iov Torbi
Tcoute 65 b Tm. Ketor2573 Yeb n Rotrbee 4961, Pa Ko.
rsn. Dd K @erem. Roveabor Erecote opd 8 Jets %575, 0I
"10 Norreocr 1966. 1,
July J9-61,
22, 1961, PoychLatrIc Evdut Ioa.' Sdkgnee_0Leed, 7481c3*4 %54;%174oot.4L5nrs; Rrcsr5 496},
Mfrd:
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Corrt, 25 ms J1-Jt:
849004, 17 (196)),76.
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Modelastto0t s865oe Me8e
Len, Jodchze. Xord Vod De_Lkl 49 (1966) ,
6G 7o.a Zeftz"96ticoder "6 @ye
#ece % Noldinue{od Theoried, " 945,4, [8;P: "{i-%r.
Vv: "s0e3 I5onTcto Enri 454*6 BPs +-lo: Her reea: Snturdu Exealos_Pon 7 reerber 1965,
Pa 19,
6367837467r7
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d 3L44L' 7ot.5QIF %IJ8{3 {546lurL, '1961. Mr: #7haao5o, 7" MIoeal
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{dojn22397Z ntaha 004; ^vvi N, Nenb 1960. loteed Tres; 10t.50ul4o53lo Retey pil 71987, W: Jxs-JM.
00 Gresdj Raoll;
6578azh W, 4e, Deceaber 1963, Po 42 t0 EX[o02. Nesronun O 4etea eeth4 Ltie:g
Pa 28,
PhologtopbIc-Mnalyar: chovs 1o Nev Evidence; Wee, %6 Ksy 1961 , UoS. Houno .
6S6CoTd7zo
Oed
En+egeent Jev*u
Ia Dalle" dsugo_tere 28 1901, 26 .
72577474743 {3e2zt oddecs #eoubtl te
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Tal: = Jra ten Irod
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"t Thae Cmzed ouf Future. ` IerQad
%5876750796; % 86+ , paac_op 0 Prntdeoe_tenoJudleterh {ENe irddencg Eere ulotoa_te_the
Lo Plut. Rovc3ba7
Norecber 196), Po ss. C8th
7965 . to Dccoprroz @Z Teaalarroa: Meet"
mrtloan, De_lurabcr 0I u5
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(A,d)
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0 Neahtoston; [trinnc Zardo, 7966. pd-unatkono
796 ,
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IaAlailon lnteregchf Kcnnoay-Actendac; Euat-bolet 2ruz; 5s (1964) , 459-
95T IRMt QTDECrT
160 . Pp: [.uuta I 4oot4ddrktes_Lot
Tneoddre €, Rennedy. ' Io;, 10 Auruae, Pr; 4o-Soa 24 Auruot, 3480562,70mn
Ened @EEDZZ Atbe_Dulted sutel Led
Sepecaber , Ppe 036, 81-77i, Septetd:, ti52,,56-60;74;
3ick; ,'
Rcertlla tnd 58t870 1964, @Loa Uca Tot Prees Ccvent Pollarlng Rennedy
0 Bach. Current Dlrest 9iLoccobeixPE
10 Na {iitexia8e ehe eexelactlca % Joba %.
Rgeaher_196), PP: )1 "Uotold: sto74257 4o74d %tt Oecobes
PP
is 6z;.67} &bo etflelal 0607,
0 8 S,P . tod N,k' Dra8to. "Lrlo 0 Knovlodza La' 40 Eaergede CrIott." So9lL_Lotcae, J966, Ppa 36-62.
02ttho Nomtlastias: 0 Wii_Naieed Dcscker 1965, Pta 236-231 . Mblietee: del LerLa seeert % @eebor
Uchard E. ~Tha NerejoLastton' of Preajdejt Joha
% Ecpnedyi The APpItcacIon o ectalam de bu
Poder beulelselco.
Jeha_LtSenndrt Ctrtuie7o Eo tbe rbotographlc EvIdeacoa Cupurete_end_Autout lon; Hy
"h4ttei74484482t Koateviaro;t965. D)LLWEJIeettelubiortitlels
7il3} ;.
TrIbutee
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Hord Ln Corucht: Det Seteaol, 17_ 49 to Jolm P, Kcnacdy. Iq Balrd, A.c,, 0d. AscretenLat Lve
Praotdencencctat:, Bonsea " Dr Jpozl; i, 976243, "-8.
8xe43 Ncv York: WIiacn , 1964, ood Abwa %tocr Yootate; #e5: Dr SIROL 17 00
i9 (596))
J, 874" 631ce Teod T , eds_ 921gon7dJohn 0 Kconcdt aetwona on C, 5LG2, #aiiuntar 86_81
2 "394 Glm Rncte , Pauftot Preoo ,71966 . Va Dr "Mianatd 2737 Boudd; NTLL 18 March Pp: 67-J5.
0inbs TFoF rtocot_ mif Iook _ Tcbruarv 1966 _ DD _ 09_
"Eieehrd5d2345244
0 DuLorLcuL stutt: Pp: 21-29.
A n} Fho ar6 14m6r-
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1904, Gleco 55
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39 7.p7o., "fale] @5: Halldazo 7919 , conbttdo:
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Joj 4496,
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1970 , Metooor Tiadd
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W.J,: nt: 1964,
==================================================
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13-00000
Jesere Laco 1426 Nftoe ebo CrLobs" Meby 0 Btr#et J901, #Pa I-J1, (erto Jinod (7c7336," (3tea) "eten tnea Berbos" Ealontd 1 Beabee 1st4,
palo mo LIIee ttg Erelaeet} Ke
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mb *a $01" 4te 21 rebnsry
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Eoce Jents84uLrued Lemed_Aueceur: Pradartet, Mi. = 1969, Creeeoeola T6d I, "7oRui7F T7eo OT7u55 TrCRIdcats" Ledcgi JeemLeL Deuum
Pect ttrts__WaccretO @che Lenned, Autorer: Irederiet, Kd., 1969. izz poa $ (1963) , 52}-529.
5OETT47/Ect7a T0t By4ECOv1lMe, *:,J966: Bena. patev 0s Hatoed)tteyotnded L_4 beokdli Hartepo 1966:
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4; "onsedy ~onbolnatlof YIca Jdltortu Co8A@e0 sturduLamloa Lo2d 80, 36, 61, 64.
Je45 1961, Ppa_/19-290/[70, Bapbuc, Jee beulitdes: Mutee} Krcatlae 0038J' [1968. (aloo @a Carer
Lmy Jm tAse_Dreddful Dyy *0 0llmt Tetteaa] t1 EvIdedco PublAehod. " Jevoreets Yroach {G50) ,
Bce der 1964 Pp: 3oiied "Hov nertes folsa" Momeeko 16 Meres 1960, Po /JJ:
@Lta, Utia thst Iread: #t" 21 Alrue 1965, Ppa/62-03, "ov tortovful bedf VorId rrcttoad:" atonad 19 557e' P: Jl-J):
Iunedy Dtod: "74 10 Sepes btr 4964, P; "Io Jucel Frocatolu & Ia Dalle. Preda 0ekg; Mord 26*4 po
Eroorofo Co14 0oFe2les 20 Decaaboe/1908, 16 ~Ia cho Koetoa ",[oelcede } CoE1iuIOa' €0 Javeseteete tbe N1d875nzdos] 0l PneeIdeds
mheodorc 0. 0 Milulast1o5 7884757' slot. earoful;" 05 Jeen_Hetld Aeeotto % Rmeed7, 0 4anek, 21 geetber 196j.
21 Jeoerr Pa 49, "Eeonedy {f tk 5oroE ceak: " Coonnal, 1J cezeboe 1962. Ppa %aSss-a8i6"
"Tor Pretidont Kenaedy1 ^ EpIlogua." 1ob Beegeboe 190J, Pps_ 136-139: Uacberm Uosertes 'pIOt Torulen @llos md tbo J_
vIahed {or: Soba: ^0y Huees ound: Lpot] (17 Noveabor 1960, J Ledet, 11 AprII4904, RP. 21-22,
#ceat-al EJusled) - "LLasertes Jorxto Juty 0{ Pus1ic oLalod: @neet Jawn 1960, P+19.
Ild Tenncdy7" @ilmLlade: 1 July 1968. Pe 642 , MeG4Ml, Le "Speceads Ouei Ruto tao n0 Urocetoa; {tudohnlpatout 14 eoexabor
Mled Keooedy1 16 CrucI) [v7dcaco: " ML1iew4 October 1966, Ppo 1-2L. 196J, Pps #, Iled Preetdeot Kerpedy, Sorlot Condoleaceo. Wav Drcecsee196J, PPa $7, Kard vod Dalle Hetot dlo Melea Waekoles: Brlm, &2 (2962), p0. J, 1-};
Eo Blaee/" econouluf, Dacerbor1961, Po 1072, "L Oceldoato 1o Morto 4 Kennady. RTzd [tudLout-st
8i28 4G; Horeae,
1n: C0ullw; oac 0 NaydotaL_CtbcLe_RaeortcEo Jenua5y 1967 J0. X (296J) , J.
Rchard_ Rappened Eo eha Ncuaady Pr3ra5, poak (17 Novecber
H;66;
J
Redojase, "5(H83 ' #Ic $ Aerlts }rlelle Veot
Hloctou " Tetocru:" 2ol44*eo
ezrla_EdLtUm) , Ppa 117-1let . 21 Nove ber 196)," Pa 16010.
7TMIM u7 Yady {84r8..5 [oos_IouuetegpLes: Iebowrz '1966, PPa[90-91t, "zmeo Je ArerIks Outalar" Bokuetke: ? Deceeber 1963, P; 16017.
~Secrot [vIdeoce on the Kemned] 4rbaooInot Ion _ SugurdarEvcntns_Rent, 6 Aprt] Raleo, Rchn Coer: Edtcerteko_US AQEeat_oetalono 0 attereqr_auteetu Jetd
1960 , Ppo_70-71. Kennedy 4uunaNaverDcr2244@2' DaTz,7T6565, The auchor cd
ad Thodlo 9. Rono . MeCwKonnetr_NLed: Sp0 Anconfo: The Naylor Coo 1966. ejott, Roeond eds Andal Grtewep: *a TanddMasdloutlol Io_EdAcon Ctcxx
"Que ent-Il Posoe D76o 42le.nz, Sepceeber 1966 Pps 2+J. Ruc Jed, Vt. t 7967.
{6rScv Yeat KearI6e} YodsLn Feroent _ Cucrend_@Leeet 0 the_Sovtet reea: shesesley , Puul 0, @d Noram brudbum.: "meaeLagtton: Hov che Nrleea Publle fespoaded
Janwcy PP. 10-19 . Nercan_PexcholexLeaL 4oeg: bos anbeles, Septedber 1966, Ppj 1-19 . (peptr)
Id]and 'che :mtee Houae. %04 544d5n40,/29 Novcebef 1961, PP: 56-58: Sheatoley Pau] 0, @d Jucob J), Feldmn: "The 5ieseIdacI0 ot PresIdeot Konned .
LJEcaed ad #acched: Radto-TV %aetr Gfeateat Chollengo Jo Nake 0f JTI Zrubedyooo Prellelo45_Report 0 Publlc Reacctont and Behav oro Publlc CpIalog_quurteryo
gresdcauttog, Decceber 196), PP. J6-6!_ 28/(1960) Pa 2,
JutILs [n]doubt, fear end bope; # Scuavegk, Decedber 196), PPa[S6-50. "Soviot Preoo Codoz0t rollo tng Renpedy', Betehs Sucteng_Dpkeat_eL_theSovtes Pnueo
cho' Spot. #ovaveets 16 Deeaber 196) , 7p. 27-20. 10 Beco bet 196), PP. X1,
h, 6lph. "5656577 Percepelon, 0 Eruredt 16 Jaous5z] [1967 Pa 6, Iees, T: Reply Eo #: Bradaa 0 "QueocIone {rou &b coud:" sacurdol 21 Jepe 1960.
Laeheo Ings Day of Jrus . WeZZNQE, fall/Viocar 1967 PPa 22-2J, "tfused; Ia Dolles: Joctoro c0 che EIcor." @netteCentu5z' 67 (190))
Nol fenotelo, Korcha and GIlbert H: Klleca, ed. @dco cho Deatb
ai Prealdeqd
EuktAdtuc okLndo_ecudiea Nev Yorti 5o5Tadoy , T966.
D. World OPLYTON_^y) EtpecTs WI Ivoa Joja Rood 0 mo Naa; TNev Yott} MTIm[ Mendell, 1966,
Vorld Biolad} REctTonS €0 the PresIdedt ' Hurdere Sy5P04t; Nev Yott. 0, % G:
Tobyo_ 67 J: Bleveet, 67 D. curleo , Nashiogeen, 6y S. Qulole: Rsir
Jot, CUIlltre. meHarld_Edfore Joee' Deree loet, 1966, tndrtde: Ijvuukee, 0y Q.Qutde. Toulowo, 0y 1; bdomu beado, bJ ^
Jr ;e Eeancdy Aseabe [dac Jon: Erl? choushes Ind_ Eeoe Iopo." Eublte Ertetee 4zteg, 16 Beeebar]_196 }.
@ureetky Suexr 1964 , PP= 216-226 _ Norld: bet 3uuu; sueloranLorkl $ @orabr 1901, Pr: X-Jla'
Soran H; Id Jacob Feldann. 2ubLs_Aathr_mdAbLq Grkel: CIcsgos
Nalional Oplalon Ccater, Unlvem1cy o7,(n.cogo , 798u
"QueoeIons [{GU abroad: " StudLRevler Maj 1964. c Bni OIHOSSIOK
'obert . 4 'Rstla: Xb, ML Cennoe be Tre. obo becsbor 1961, PPo J29-
1j.
Gutlt,= Dlutkoo Csntunl, 81 (1964, J7-J8; "M Nrtra [0qulg 4eatts} Iocedt @ ehe_eoaseLostlea." 4bLerL39 tetd LSr0m $
Gutlc I0 tha v.5,7 TJa Lok 4t the Horldi wtth Excerpco fron Addredo by Dcceber] 196] Ppa 28-3.
Tr:ncod 0, #orcon, 44 Ncve_td_Huolt_Rotery: 2) Rrccaber]196). Pp. 12-14= ~The 4iesoLoat[oa} Tnc wactea Raports" #e_uesko $ Ocedbar 1960, FPa_m-#0,[45-33, 57-00,
or JndivIdwl GuUt." WZE Ntom olott; 16 Dcccabar 196), Pa Jo: 6}66,
"Mecsjon 0[ Fre_ad1tv] Omiaren co I ho MjaooJadtlon ol ] Proo[dcnt Kenncdy. " 'NueGPoY 0 thte Nariep Coretoeton} Ilee keem." 1eeo 16 Septetbes 2966, 50-39.
0teea' Rovarser 1964, Dr. 1O-1OS. "betveca tvo {Jreo; Mma Ovald'0 teattondy €0 NofrED Coredobkoa:" 3' Jebretd 15M,
LTvinzacon. LEtciurruda LELLuctony_Icrrtakce_d: Wia :atLcdioca Pps J6-20.
4[n72 *5462 7ah7e Qae 0 Msictto dc_alLR, Lgoncut, 7ic; Micoriai Mckel, Nlezadder # "IalIuro of the Vertor_Rcpote. 974444*4 1967,,5:18
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*a Yn3 Rport 93e} Yeal 1eGe0 Iachs_Yonued Rapont, Nwv Torki Mancl Ma3o1e, 1965.
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Jttoz: 20 Jeno 196_ 2E BZGGT Vakca alochte, 182 1 Malothi _ Hlrsoe, 1967 .
Raport @ad ett Areaaetlablet Wrptcr, Me Topotti ao [07 tm_ptorocucIca," Do WSeebkase _10 Ortabor 1964
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mrang, 7I9T68. MeVeroen Lepottmd Lts
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#8 %%6s
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5
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4206. Rev Tortt Gto, 1966 , Pa 19-3J. N8J10s { Mooetated %roleselcadl brvles, 5ion_eL_caupktust 094o4z 2lthe "attga Coe_ Auulee_Iseena_Loblovood CLI 38 airetets#; {ueuctalat the rrdlet RJ,7 PronttcsTam , 1965, PuSMcacio Geadrea)) '1o" Getober 1966, Ppa %+, ot tba Mestta Conseelat " JEyedt
Mlav, Mderd; meKennedr Neuoulnuton "dtho Huttin _Iseonta Yaghlestadt 6t+0. ,296 15,1 David: "i%} Rpotti
Tho Each wrgW) _ wyeead M0OID4ZZTO TODITGG JeLCEtenelLe"b4J29t
Ppa Il-L, 0t Freotdcat, Hbetuttez, Ler_mso1e} Rndl[ PUTeat16x, 1966. ~eulteriil; Ibe %ertea Report: a.2* mecher, Sp1v1t. Accetuorlds StLdr the Iocdte_Yanrn Coraludlod sbenuthodokescud
Dullea FNE He7orh " 54437 6r4
Ppa XS. the Ioeott; 7oa13opo1T ; 3ob661T5TTT , "1967.
1966, " Lluon n4 Uorid 77207c4 Tc Haees.es, Subkedndrs E_che_Hurted_rerort E4 beugee_OdexLbteto Nav Totti ssd Vsctes *lets' 19 Dacesber 1966
Pa 20,
Bceebor 7966.
ENard J, Jegeul tbo Dcresar PPs
2236, 1oj85, Lur] E, 0 R, Mckenetea "Spoelsdte @ Necceo." 0 Lbadea, Mer 009888522,: 2 -056d20
Prezo 7976 . Dmouts u4 ta oieheeol eLanuth:
Nev
2960, Pp. 476-676,
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044 196, d rerdadt_Trud do Iuchel, Nrernd: Eouuiu &Jehn KonpedLLDeeortTN C 001 Snokqvero
#
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mold L, Io DalImt
T;aHaerot% Lault; Decesber 1966, PPa_ Z06t. MJb, LJlod Renned1 Inne Mtsten @port & Mtes' Ioetlnes Bad
21 J967 , 0' %,
Repott Ga itI GrItIe_ Sucurdoz E. %arTe; {por;_
blicner DrUite; Pael ' Kootsty: Ivora Hocteq_Rarort, Lbout _toathky: Noverber 4964, PP:_449-30J.
"m Dche)006 W;
7zrof8re%; PubLlheto 8 Octobes]_2964, mob, Udurd H: ~Zne Vtctoa_ (or i0f16 Od 05o WraI] Procedoa" CueIdConen_[ueqrt
Norcer_1964, PP; 35-37, Vartca Coaata or Kpokt"
[uudoz
Pps 41-0o. NoJumr 1967 , Pes 1Xz0,
'#{ o: 0 Greater
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Te Truth
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77*687
37 17 (1965) , 16-20.
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5Ta € cd Jaha & 5e1ie;, Postcaieo 12 Daceaber] 1967 , P: 21.
1965. eJn Nev Yodtt S15oa Ed Resh, Ceorto Zad rutrett. ~Tne] Orhee VIteesees," meIe Lerdeso 17 Oecaber 1960, PPa Pael L; The ertt Co lerIo
0d
sehwtes , nelen Iie2: IgNLceeuusue m4t4tty 0.43DZ bo0N_theLrial CoL_ltn
Yerec te, Yee; 7ladlbs;' 33fte n8ugch Shot' Rllecetoa
0 {6 Rho Nadolacto .77[7r7T7nnt 7ronaao7 , Nwv Yorr: Boee5 7966 . nurlet. mLxuctnntlon 0k
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38 ^l; Cooalurt, "T niata ieeeie Ppa_J6-17. Mg ours, Juer' @, me VIttep CoeAubloa: Bpott ( RonLT; JeumeLeL_Lee one Epototo Ed M: Laoa Eeettet; 15 [18]erCcs ad to cheorteo o BoJ: July X966, Ppa 161-211,
a.l: "Tc Yern= 8or4oniotdfo" Bcccbee PPa ALlao; osvald, Prcar. Stot: P4 Marcat" Pordzoo J964, 116-119, L kvac, 05 1965,
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0 tt #rrea Corsobtoa Eerosto Mtsueob rheIcport 0 dmeTLIG Reporc: 05ntotom, 7965.
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IeCorzFn O.P, 7960 . Jota BaltIDoro$ Fenguin Door, 166.
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Page 163
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==================================================
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J,%& Ri_ O5 Dodeb, " boutcilt, p o 4, @Ig 0TOhC73) Torlt Pub LLcsttoat, 1960. Roauxd;eehareaccord %icriti_Ihd %eot;" MtnesdktreLQi, Srova, Julldo PIdnos Du Mdkbalertb;Hurtlo Luther TACT Coradcco8.
38 Je45 1967 , #th Herper & e4 7ITTGS Kndlerra:, 7 3818884% Crearoa; Joto ~orltth iov
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80 exnoposse tns." Bmoraas Ctober: 1968, pp: Js 40.
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7635, et FebUle Ilgureo.' sudo 21 Jewsd 19609 Ps10.
aq4kt spreedlces Ppo "pad Rv GIIX Ri5sr" HotlonaLKevc 1) 4d1 J76+.
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*e tho Nava, KE, Tnjeatar; 1263g %6 % %,467 16 Huleo % % 06 0la Jano Esrl Rq Murdared Drs' Etas: Jokt Ls prII J969, Ppa ArJ 102-104, F5 Si, "5 Metorde% cportunl7.
sudoz 13 [0bcwm
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33, Fe@eb.
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md tht K7nnaozo, SudD Pe Ws 63-69. Jequad} Po 10. "toles m" plet' % 004467." 3F3 "1 trct 1969 :,P J6-4:
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Ind BNINES Jolsm 536326.
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T. 172777.
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5xt "tmo KIIled Klngl" Baunvedt'77 65r14/ 1960, PP. #5
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LES, Brrtt 1 [Loddt
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mrca entes, Ediltors 00, N W LIto 48 Dtao L Iorti 1560.
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674
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85tt, Jotas 775# % Sculns} T crnd *a1 celto DPs
29 Jern 1936, Pa 91, Ou trt: ' Qtuoukeumu Mi3b' Viator: 1. Ler67, Rartb L Job @olr - eo Ui {6 W Urr
Flehtcs byabokn. 4nred, 14 Juky 1969 , PPa J6t. 4tese; Docttr_J910.
Coedetenee 0 4R, EToust; 2 10ru45 L68 t eters Ic *ro 0 ploet" 2WLMLMterld Loeets 1 Jer 1580.
bxi; Jotenea J, Itelor Fo Rebart [;_Kelmedy , 9ox; Ps %
Srceme: ! July 1988, 57-560. 3 to ToataL," J2 #etbld, Jeeta 7edy LIt 03t Cat Cnalaa " 2# 39 Kerdh 1908, 67./16-J1.
Koeh 07 Deocrar,
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1. "oced Cet, # 15 Jeet 1980, pps
Toledeo, Ealeb: 2E nato metouldto Irwitds Jortt
5t Juac P: 19.
4961. Gsr. rutaas"t s008, 0'Leetars 5e0 rr1e4n Jerotds (xa Iedlns t0 Crerers QOa 37 m
recod, GL, %0* throuet tba Jeotlet blted; eestleooy % '1960, Pr: 622.
MEu J969 Pa 28. porchlatrieea" _= "ode Mela, @6t Mulos" 4 e "7 Jex 1900, Pp: 20 40s
Botb] Ecnnad ume mecc?" s*turdoLrnlor 026050o, Jehe: Oebrest /7T355.&0 Il0, 33, 64 batds" 1L2*We 10 *5/1900,
"dlert} e Aldmld 77 Tortm TA5;
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MoEojo D^; Coort Nrneer 36"; surract Ghre Lprcatloa o
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:leAly 0oo 0 che To R5irvs; vIts Woew, Ucherd K7T. 07 1960. L3enILuetogs JI @orea
414 Jine 1960, DPs J1*45. Itpotts 6j L, MalnsIcbe Gad T: @./MIeos" 1908, Ep:_25-21.
Jog j; "roeter C1n &ulot fF 'cosd @ad Brcoot sleh, B: ~rasrthy Su peatt RolleIeel tectvIeled; &ks Prozor Ileul. " Stenke
Jooe 1968; P. !, 22. Ka' LAarlen 6 Juot 1900, J6
2 0, 7 # jee; Jore 1970, FP:_ J8ta 4eta5 7 ' aanlas RIE O1{ Que o0 Us Raer, Jeryegs @ordda J900, m: JV-U:
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Cbdr1o. Ioxro Stete %ntn =1y Criaaai Ieaeind 3 m5 1960, PPa_Jr-JJ. "Nxi cho E0, 8 drmt tmm
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20
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It's the first Iie detector that
can be used on a dead
man: It works on tapes and
other voice recordings
by George O'Toole
Hssassialiuniaes
Tre rule;s or the state are the only ones who should have the privilege ol lying, either
et homa or abroad; may be allowed t0 lie tor the good ol the state.
Piato: The Republic, Book Three
Irs & little trightaning; The machine can listen t0 what you're saying ad tell, with
a high cegree 0f reliability. whether or not you are lying: It's called the Psychological
Stress Evaluator, and it is, in effect; a Iie detector. Unlike the polygraph, it needs
no physical connection to the subject; therefore it can be used without his knowledge.
It works Irom recordings of his voice, s0 anything on tape, sound track Or phonograph
record is tair game for the machine It is the first Iie detector that can be used on
dead man_
Early thia year; one of these instruments came into my hands: resolved to use
it to probe ona of (he darkest mysteries of recenl history, the assassination of President
John F_ Kenredy: set about collecting every recording could my hands on
of anyone who had any direct knowledge o the atfair. Soon had compiled the tape-
recorded testimony o twenty-two persons-~eyewitnesses, Dallas policemen, the
pathologist who conducted the autopsy, members and staff ot the Warren Commission,
Jim Garrison, Shaw, and even Earl Warren:
ran Ihe lapes through Ihe PSE systematically, laking each controversial point in
turn. Did the rille which bzlonged to Lee Harvey Oswald kill President Kennedy?
Was Oswald Ihe killer? Were others involved? Wnat of those myslerious autopsy photo-
graphs which Ihe Warren Commission never saw_do they support the Commission's
ione-gunman, single-bullet theory? And what about the Warren Commission itself?
Did members conspire t0 cover Up the truth?
Slowly a picture emerged_ It is blurred_ and it is not the picture L expected: Not
all the details are there, but guarantee this: you may believe the Ione-gunman theory
ot the Warran Report;, or you may believe tha government-conspiracy ot Mark
Lane, Jim Garrison and others, bul either way you are wrong-
The PSE is not a crystal ball: It was invented as an interrogation aid, a function
it pertorms well; To my knowledge, this was Ihe first instance of its Use as a tool
tor historical research To understand what did with the PSE, one should know some-
thing about the device itself;
lirst heard of the Psychological Stress Evaluator Iast year, when 1 met two of
its inventors, Alian D. Beil, Jr_, and Charles R. McQuiston: Bell and McQuiston; both
tormer lieutenant colonels, retired from Army Intelligence several years ag0 to form
a company called Dektor Counterintelligence and Security. Inc; It was a logical second
career lor the Iwo men. Both are experts in the technology of espionage_ Either One
could pick tne lock ,on your front door in less time Ihan it takes you to lind your
key. Colonel Bell wears a Black Belt in karate, is an accomplished swordsman and
small-arms exper, and has a dozen inventions lo his Credit, anti-bugging devices
to a miniaturized microdot camera. Colonel McQuiston is Oneot the foremost polygraph
experts in theU.S a specialistin radio and audio surveillance, and a qualilied Iocksmith
they
Iay
Clay
its
theory
Irom
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13-00000
0- #ppino polygraph: Standard Polygraphs African country: The instructor was Mike the PSE_ There is, lirst of all, the matler Of
ure Iour vafiebles: pulse,blood pres- Kradz, a crimninologist ac retired police the "oulside issue.
respitation and perspiralion. Some ollicer_ Kradz projects tre tough-cop Most peopie, Kradz pointed out, have
ncasure additional phjsiological vari- image; bul te is a living rebuttal to Ihe Po- some sont 0l @eep secret they don want
Tha moie variables measured_ Ing Iisn joke_ Tinere is nothing aboui Iorensic known: When facedwith 2 polygraph exami-
raiiable Ihe polygraph: science. Irom lingerprints 0 polygraphy. on nation. a person may be more concamed
a1U NcQuiston discovered thaf the which the man is not &r; enper; aha: this Oitsida is3ue may coma f light
encies composing the human voice The first morning Ol the course was Ihan he is abou: the actual substance 0f
3: fixed_ they shit siighlly Irom devoted to the physical ope;ation ol %he tte interrogation: This can produce irrele-
t0 tourteen times every second But PSE. Tne device is used-in conjunction wvith vant siress in some of his answers. and mis-
ie speaker is under stress; this nOr- a Uher tape recordar: whicn has tour speed3 lead the examinar. Therelore it is is neces-
requency modulation disappears. and can be manually wound back to locate sary Ior the examiner (0 interviaw the sub-
remairs are tha pure component fre- a particular point on the tape. The testimony ject before the examination, go over all of
:ies of ina vzice_ And a strong indica- to be evaluated is recorded at a tape speed the questions he intends t0 ask, and assure
Ial the szeaiter is lying: ot 7Vz inches per second, lherpleyed back the subject he will ask only these questions.
two Ter ceveloped a device t0 and stopped at (he beginning of (he ulter- had reason t0 ;erember this later, wten
t;his phencenon and planned I0 use ance in question, The recorder is slowed ran my lirst real interrogation tape_
an addxocal "channal" On the pOly- t0 15*16 inches per second and piayed: The The interrogation always includes the
Then tey Jiscovered #rat the new sound, no longer recognizable as a human question; "Are yOu afraid that will ask YOu
Jle wes so reiiapla and accurate a voice; is a long; low rumble. about something we have not discussed?:
Jre of psyzhaogical stress Inere was The PSE itselfis built inlo an attach6 case_ A negative answar with no sign of stress
no neez :3 Measure the other poly- The case opens t0 reveal a chart drivo. sim- eliminates the outside-issue problem. Also,
varianiss ilarto an electrocardiograph , and a number the examiner always asks some innocuous
ed te cecessity of strapping the of buttons and knobs: A single cable con- questions; such as, Do you like Ihe color
Cl inio & zrair stretching a pneumo nects the PSE to the tape recorder: blue?" in order to observe the subjecrs
ic tube :2*283 his snest, gluing elec- As the tape recorder reels slowly tum, general state of tension And there is always
t his p2"7s. anJ ciamping his arm and a rumble issues Irom its speaker, the one "red-hening question
blcod-przssere cuft;, the PSE proved PSE stylus dances back and Iorth across The red herring is used to identily the
much 5c-e versatile than the poly- the moving chart paper, leaving behind a "guilt complex responder:" Such a person
Because it can wOrk trom a tele- ragged trail, Then the recorder is stopped;, shows stress when he responds t0 ay
or tape recorder; the PSE can be the chart paper is stopped, ad that's all accusalory question. The examiner may
withou: ghe knowledge Or even the there is t0 it. The result is' @ strip ot paper ask Did you steal Ihe watch?" when it is
sal presence ol the subject: with a squiggly Iine: The rest is Up to the money, not a watch, that is missing: A
ed Colone; Bell to tell me about some human eye and brain; stressed denial will alert the examiner; who
things tne PSE was being used tor On the atternoon ot the first Kradz caretully compares this response to the
ially casas in which a conventional showed us what to look tor: The unstressed stress produced by questions about the
"aph couldn't be used He mentioned voice Iooks Iike an untrimmed hedge; with missing money:
8 police in Howard County, Maryland, stalks of different heights sticking Up (and That night the class was given tapas ot
Jeen using the PSE fr two years; they down) at irregular intervals: But ad some real police interrogations: In Most cases,
Iad great success in establiahing Ihe stress, and that begins to Iook Kradz was the examiner; and in every case;
Ince Of suspects who Were afraid t trimmed_ Thegreater the stress, the he knew the background and resolution 0f
ttoa polygraph examination because the: matter: One Case was assigned cOn-
machine's torbidding aspect cerned a young man 'accused 01 stealing
went On to describe some Of his money trom his (athers store. Kradz started
ion's other uses, actual or potential: The more | read, by asking the "outside-issue" questicn No
and the Federal government are ex the more doubted the young man replied, he was not atraid
J its use as a delense againsl skyjack- Kradz would ask him a question hadnt
Id telephoned bomb threats, and a8
the otficial account of discussed_ Then Ihe following exchange
ns Of speeding 4p custom? inspec- what happened 'took place:
Some doctors and psychiatrists are that day in Dallas "D Iive in Howard County?
PSEs to study patients' physical and "Yes
stress. The National Commlttee to "Do suspect someoneof having taken
igate Aerial Phenomena, private the money?"
that investigates UFO reports, Is smoother the shape: Il the subject was 'No_
sing the PSE to interview wltnesses experiencing the hard stress which accom- "Are yOU wearing 8 white shirtz"
) sightings: panies deception; the over-all outline of the "Yes_
ced Bell it he would lend ma a PSE figure tends to take on a rectangular shape; "Do you know who took the money?
ariment with, in order to wrlte @ piece a concertina as seen by the Player: Kradz "No.
'he device. He agreed, wilh two con- showed slide after slide of charts made dur- you wearing a ring?"
First; must take Dektor'9 Ihree-day actual police interrogations; He told us "Yes
in operating the instrument; second_ the background of each case and pointed "Did you take' the money?
70 Ising the PSE, must review my out the tell-tale signs o deception; when-
etation ot its output with his staff, in ever they were present. There wera 0 lew red-hering questions
Arest ol accuracy: This seemed rea- That night each student took a PSE back t0 check tor Ihe: guilt complex response
e, SO agreed: t his room t practice operating it: Some The questions about wearing a white shirt
:ourse was held in the meeting room coordination must be leared t0 become and a ring and in Howard County had
liday Inn in Falls Church, Virginia: Iacile in handling the recorder and the PSE, been included to measure the background
jht Olher Studeate_were employees but clearly the ditficult part ol the course stress elicited by irrelevant issues_
tomers who had purchased the would be leaming how to read and interpret ran the tape and charted it 0n tha PSE:
These included a private detective the charts_ Aii but two 0l his responses were Un-
in Pennsylvania, a New York chain The next - we learned the theory of stressed. The question about suspecting
Vcr
{roc
day;
hedge
they
YOU
you
"Are
ing
"No.
living
day
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vearing a ring?" In lact his yes to that situation, wondered il it could be used details ot the controversy dimmed in my
accompanied by such stress as had the way | had hoped,as a tool for historical mind, leaving Only a dull residue 0l doubl
anly once or twice in the'class slides:, research: had despaired Of ever leaming the Icuth:
= next morning Kradz called o me_ During the lunch break took Kradz aside Now knew what to do wibh the PSE
he suspect take the money, he asked: and asked him: Could the PSE be used out- It was ali there: the statements Made
didn"t think so. Kradz nodded. Did side interrogations, where the speaker was before television cameras byeyewitnesses,
sspect who took the money? Yes, telling what may OrMay not have hap" policemen, medical examinar3, mambara
Jht he did. good, said Kradz. Did pened? Yes, ha said, the PSE could be used of the Warren Commission_ Somewhere in
ce anything else about the interroga- tor that Where there was no stress, could a network-television vaull were the sound
Well, yes, there was this business be contident that the speaker was telling tracks, with the tiny, inaudible variations in
the ring: Perhaps the suspect had the truth: However; whan | did find stress, voice (requency that could settle once and
7 it Kradz smilea: No, the kid hadnt had to ba ver careful about reaching con- tor ell the question; "Did Oswald, acling
Ihe but he was gay: He had clusions about its cause; it could result trom alone, shoot and kill John F. Kennedy?"
anged rings wilh another guy. Nobody something other Ihan deception. But if / My immediate problem was getting
WE FOUND NO EVIDENCE
TEWC
Voice prints by the
OF ANY KIND Psychological Stress Evaluator
of former chief justice
Earl Warren in 1972
indicating hard stress on
the words evidence "
THAT THERE WAS ANY CONSPIRACY
M#Ha
abi
22
00
about it. The kid didntt really expect found a stress pattem in the testimony ot access to the recordings: was certain tt10
asked about it, because Kradz had several witnesses to the same event; would television networks would have thom; but
Jver all the questions with hlm; Still, very probably have uncovered deception. wasn't sure exactly what to ask tor. There
he ring was mentioned, he panicked: Encouraged, reviewed the Iist Of recent Must be thousands of hours Ot sound
1e third dayot the course had begun mysteries Watergate was; %l course, the recordings relating to the assassination:
3 sOme thought to whal might do first to come t0 mind. The ITT attair was Where, among all this talk was the critical
Je PSE: was particularly Interested also of recent interest; The Kent State inci- testimony?
{act that the device works Irom a tape dent had never been tully cleared up: But started digging &d soon discovered
"ing: Sound-recording technology is oe subject seemed t0 loom above all the the existence Ofa group called the National
a century old (Edison invented the rest~the assassination ol John F. Kennedy: Committee to Investigate Assassinations,
graph in 1877), and an enormous Like many Other, have tound it difficult located in Washington; D.C. called the
It 0f history is stored on phonograph t0 believe the Warren Aeport When Mark number listed in the telephone directory
S, sound tracks ad tape and wire Lane's book came Oul; read it caretully- and was soon speaking to Bob Smith, Ihe
ings_ thought how many press cOn- read much of the other criticism Of the Committee's Research Director. told Smith
es, interviews and public pronounce- Warren Commission"s tindings The more that | was a writer and wanted t0 do a piece
stored away in the film and (ape read, the more doubted the official aC- on the John F. Kennedy assassination:
2s ot the world,.and how many ques- count of what happened that in Dallas: asked him tor an interview; and he agreed.
ould be settled if we knew Ior certain waited for the real story t0 emerge. Itdidnt; We met in the offices ot Bernard Fenster-
Very
ring;
May;
"no
are
day
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problem wilh this game is that the player Next Played (he Lomax-Liebler tape.
knows 'hat il is just:that He knows that | Apparently Mark-Lane had been on:an
SassialidnIupes
know he i: Iying: it is a socially acceptable eariier Lomax program and sovi Liebler
situalion_ ac0 [nere is nothing at stake. The was On ta rebut him: didn"t need the PSE
stress wnich accompanies real deception to nnow that Liebler was stressed_ He
WEDFROv PAGE
is nct alwzys present: sezmed very agitated, and his breathing
nhiaine: a tape recording trom CBS audibly indicaled his terision He was angry
a successtul criminal lawyer and Newsof a porlionof a Sixty Minules program about the things Lane had said. tte ques-
t2; Ji tre Committee. in a modern in #hich Mike Wallace intaiviewved Clifford tijns Lomax was asking him and the reac-
building a {ew: blocks (rom the White Irving: The interview took place the ticnof the studio audience: Given his highly
3 Fensterwald is a small, dapper man height of the controversy, while Irving was emotional state; he did nOt seem a very
zhin ceard. Smith is a lean, intense stili claiming to have golten Howara promising subject tor the PSE. Nonelheless,
smcke;_ Eoin men appeared to be Hughes' Iite story through a series of inler- decided to give it a try-
ir bries_ views with Ihe billionaire. It was a consum- Charting & tapa with the PSE is a Iong
Ytre wz cegin; ' said: "I think | should mate job ol lying: embellished wilh such and tedious process and it was impractical
037 thal usaz t0 work tor the CIA convincing details as Irving's cisagreement to chart the entire program: ran some Of
'Ive r 2cc5s it often, the theory that with colleague Susskind about whether Liebler's statements which were not in dis-
IA ki;iaz Karnedy. It seems absura Hughes kept his organic prures in a paper pute and discovered_ as had expected:
and S:n 3aiieve it. worked Inere Or a piastic bag: Mirutes re-ran the a great deal of stress. He was pretty
ee years 2-J nevar saw or heard any- segment after Irving s confession because charged Up.
sugges::3 !he Agency was involved the man's sheer virtuosity as a prevaricator Most ol the exchange betwveen Lieblec;
ass253;~e:on_ never met anyore was amazing_ was interested in the inter- Lomax and te audience was argumenta-
thous-: capable of doing it SII;, view tor a different reason: at the height tive and did not deal with specitic {actual
learrez irrough bitter experience Ot ol the controversy; Irving had been given points found two key statemants by Lieb
Jspicion #tich altaches {O {ormer in- a polygraph examination and had passed leq, though, and charted them:
erce 0i::z3*3. Epidemics ol pararoia it, wanted t0 see if the man:who had beaten The tirsl statement; ir response toa ques-
o accor:za~Y uS (nrough life. thought the conventional Iie detector could also tion by Lomax, was have no doubt about
tte: get ;at issue ou: of the way: beat the PSE the conclusions of the [Warren] Repor:
ith 2nc Fensterwald exchanged 1 selected a point in the interview atwhich Plenty 0f Stress was evident; but not much
es Znd s;rited_ Fenstenwald told me Mike Wallace suggesled that Irving had not more than in other statements.
Iey did cct ~ezessarily believe the CIA interviewed Howard Hughes, but had The second statement related t0 those
sin thec ;: anj certainly didn't pened on some transcripts of Hughes' state- Warren Commission documants which were
talkirg :o 2 %ma; Agency employee ments: Irving asked how he could have hap not included in the.Report_-they were
ieved. zegan t0 outline my project pened on them Wallace rejoined, "Where locked up in the National Archives Lomax
'd it they had heard ot the PSE. Both did you happen on those transcripts?" Inv- asked Liebler if there was anything in the
were dimly aware of it. described ing replied 1 got the transcripts from documents which would alter Liebler'&
evice and stared t0 detail tha way it Moward Hughes charted this statament opinion. Taken literally. it was a strange
be used as a research tooL They im- on the PSE. question, since Liebler had seen the docU-
itety understood what was poposing It was a pertect example 0f total stress, ments and,if would alter his opinion;,
vere trerendously enthusiastic_ Yes; horizontaliy blocked, with the smooth; they would already have done s0. Lomax
iaid, there were many key statements "trimmed-hedge wave form, Cliftord Irving probably moant to ask it the documents
)e somewhere, and would be glad was a master Iiar; and he had beaten the would conflict with the conclusions of the
mpile specific relerences tor me_ polygraph, but he would have been caught Warren Report: Whatever Liebler thought
ermore; could, in some cases, by the PSE: the question meant, he answered quickly:
Je me with the tape. said they A tew days atter our first meeting; "Oh, none, none at all: The PSE showed
be in contact when had some- received a Call from Bob Smith: He had Much more stress here than during any of
fo: me. tured up a few things for me_ visited him Liebler's other statements:
ile was waiting; experimanted with at the Committee'8 otfice in downtown It was all pretty conlused and fuzzy; and
SE. teiephoned a triend and told him
Washington. He gave me a tape racording it didn't tell me more than I'd already known:
the devize_ asked if he was
and a typewritten transcript The recording Wesley Liebler was pretty upset when he
!y a little game to test it out. and he was the Louis Lomax television program 0f appeared on the Louis Lomax program:
'd. He picked a number batween One
Sunday; October 16, 1966. Wesiey Liebler; hoped that the CBS tapes would yiela more
en. 'asked him; the number one?" a member of the Warren Commission's staft; enlightening results
number two?" and s0 on, and he
was the guest The transcript was of a CBS Tinally received a call from CBSs
e
ered no each time recorded his News television program entitled The War- Washinglon Oflice saying the tapes had
ren Report; which had been broadcast in arrived_ broke a tew trafic laws getting
nses. ran them through the PSE and
four one-hour segments on June 25. 26, 27 there t pick Up the tapes and relurning
J him back The number ha picked,
and 28, 1967 . t0 my apartment had already selected the
him, was live_ examined the transcript. The programs points wanted t0 check Irom the transcript
was dumbtounded: He had not heard had been narrated by Walter Cronkite and of the program: mounted the first tape on
PSE &nd had thought might be con- other CBS newsmen: They reviewed every the recorder. ran it down t the first point
1g some elaborate joke at his expense: major point of controversy ttiat had been of interest and turned on the PSE.
hen called back and correclly iden- raised by Ihe critics of the Warren Report, For the next thnree days and nights; ran
Ihe numberhe had'picked, he realized inierviewing eyewitnesses, Dallas police- charts. When tinished, had & splitting
serious. And he was shocked: men, medical examiners. ballistic special- headache. my kitchen tloor was ankle deep
layed the same game several times ists and many thers who had some inside in chart paper, but had a much clearer
Rhers and did not always have similar knowledge of Ihe assassination of John F idea of what did and did not happen' that
XSS_ With Bernard Fenstenwald_ was Kennedy For what had in mind_ it was in Dallas:
only t narrow Ihe answer down Io two a gold mine 1 telephoned CBS and learned Before describe my results; feel that
iers. 078 ol which turned out to be COr- that could get .a copy of the programs Must offer the reader a tew comments and
PENTHOUSE
during
his
Sixty
hap
they
tey
they `
they
They
they
willing
"Is
day
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e: &'3. it-nas not been vaiidaled valid evidence linking Shaw t0 the assassi- and-so with ar eccuracy ol better than 94
j3' {;s:uric; 'esearch. Even Ihough nation and then, in the time-honored tradi- percent: The problem obviously wasnot the
{arai ivin :he' machine believe tion ol prosecutors, invented the rest ol his television camera:
i# bwusd in this waj, my projecl case. But Shaw's stress could easily be the ran the lestimony ol William Gurvich on
jif3t ame.npt i0 do s0. resuit ot his predicament, and Garrison's the PSE. Gurvich had been Garrison'8 chief
easie: i damonstrate :vith the PSE night also be Ihe result ol some outside aide in the investigation of Clay Shaw until
Zeaker !S Ielling the Iruln than t0 issue_ The situation was ambiguous ne resigned: charging Garrison with wrong-
is Ixinz. Stress can be caused by ran Ine testimony ol Lea Odom: Odom; doing: He said; "The truth as see it is that
)ra: r~37) Jeception; bu: the ab- a Dailas businessman, was attempting to M:. Shaw shouldreverhave been arrested.
stfess IS a extremely reliable explain Ihe mysterious coincidence of the He was asked il Garrison had known ol cer-
on 3l irlinfulress: Of course, the post ofiice box numbers. It seems that the tain illegal and unethical methods Gurvich
e of s:ess.does not prave that a Dalias post oflice box number 11906 had alleged were being used by Garrison 8
Int is ifa only that the speaker appeared in the notebooks o both stalt: He answered, Yeah, of course he did:
itto i? irea_ Shaw &nd Lee Harey Oswald In his tes- He ordered it: There was nO slress in Mr.
6o cr Io:nd a great Caz} 3: stress timcny. Odam staied thal ne could not Gurvich'$ statements. The PSE showed that
5: :Zssass = afijj (2pe3_ acccuai for Ine number appearing in he believed wnat he was saying:
ng:e irsterzce san say that tne in- Oswala's notebook, he knew how it got inta Obviously did ,not have enough tes-
#a; 'yir Fjic; tnis Out not only Shaw's_ It was Odom's box number; and timony Irom a {arge' enough number ot wit-
{C: Mys?:! Icm lical Seits bit be- he had given it to Shaw:. whom he'd met nesses to creale a detailed picture of the
2m nc: Cera"Iy cerain ary ore indi- by chance on a business trip to Garrison_Shaw attaic, but it seems probable
Ia8 Fc: {8.,n3 tne irut Orleans. The PSE showed hard stress dur- that, at the least: Garrison did not have
nethela:s_ siress in tna testimony ing his statement: No unrelated control Much ol a case against Shaw (a view later
witnessas i: ;he same Event makes stalement was available for me to run tor held by a New Orleans jury) ad Iikely tat
vematica! pr3ozbitity ovemnelming comparison: Shaw was completely innocent of complic-
ezst sore 3f tham wera Iyira_ This didn't really clear things Up. There ity in the assassination. The lesson 0t this
poin:: 3Jd not 1e para' illus- were several obvious alternative explana: episode is twofold. First, stress in any one
han In6v #e-e by tne Jim Gar- tions tor Odom's stress. For example, there parson's testimony does not prove decep-
Sha:; A;zir, tion: Second, given enough testimony by
ion, it mzy be recalled, was the New different witnesses: the PSE can arive at
Distric: Attorney who, in 1967 , 'the truth.
to have solved the Kennedy assas- The tirst person | ran on the PSE who had
He przserted an elaborate case any direct knowledge of the assassination
2 locz: businessman; Shaw, Deception is not proved was Oswald's widow, Marina. (Intontu-
ers. as -37zersOfan assassination nately, only one of her statements was On
aCY_ In One o1 te hour-long pro- by stress, but given the CBS tapes_-hat Oswald had owned a
CBS interviewed Garrison, Shaw; enough witnesses' testimony; rifle: The PSE said she was telling the truth:
other Feople involved in Garrison's the PSE is able The rifle had been one ol the major points
3ns. to arrive at the truth ot controversy raised by critics Of the War-
interview, Garrison was hostiie and ren Report; The debate centered on two
make mary tirm, factual stataments points: whether the Mannlicher_Carcano
test witn tne PSE. However; he did alleged t0 have belonged to Oswald was
Iere's nO question about it [Ihat he the rifle found by the Dallas police in the
JW tne assassination had been car- Texas School Book Depository. andwhether
we Know the individuals that particulargun could have been te Mur-
there is no Question abaut the had been a number of rather unsavory der weapon:
conspirators] were there (in Dealy allegations in Ihe press about Clay Shaw_ On the tapes, Darrell C. Tomlinson, &n
The PSE showed good to hard unrelated to the Garrison charges: Odom employee of Parkland Hospital, testified
0 each of these statements_ also may have felt extremely uncomfortable that he had tound a rifle bullet on a stre{cher
oncontroversial statemenl 01 Gar- about linking himsellto this man in any way: which he believed had carried Governor
15 a contfoi: Oswald was not killed The coincidence of the box numbers Connally. Thera was no stress in his state :
the mcvie theater where h0 was seemed very suspicious, but Bob Smith of ment The PSE said he was telling tne truth_
IJ;" &nc tound no stress. Garrison'$ the Committee had pointed out t0 me that Dr. Joseph D_ Nicol, Superintendent 0t
Ints about his case against both Shaw's &d Oswald's notebooks were the Bureau of Criminal Investigation for the
rongiy indicated deception. filled with numbers, sO the chance ot such Slate of Illinois: ran ballistic tests on bullet
ran some statements by Clay Shaw a coincidence was not that remote_ tragments found in the:presidential limou-
his invo;vement in such a conspir- At tnis point began to wonder if the tele- sine, and on the intact bullet lound by
1 denying ever knowing or meeting vision camera was the "outside issue in Iinson. Nicol testitied that both the intact
rvey Oswald. also ran a control every case. Perhaps just beingon television bullet and the bullet tragments had been
nl Shaw turned out to be heavily wil} so thoroughly rattle the average person fired by the Mannlicher_Carcano. He: toO.
1 throughout that; lying or not, he is going to show stress was apparently tellirg the truth:
vas not particularly surprising: The on the PSE checked this out by recording Depuly Constable Seymour Weitzman of;
3 been accused of conspiring 0 and charting a number of people on tele- the Dallas police claimed that he lound
tne President of the United Stales vision programs_public Olticials,men in Oswalds Mannlicher_Carcano' On the sixth
being-interviewed about it before the street, even witnesses t a paricularly Iloor of the Texas School Book Depository:
)n cemeras He would have 10 have gruesome accident There was occasional Howaver, on the day of the assassination
pretty ccol customer not t0 show slress. but it never reached Ihe high level he had iold the press that the rifle he d tund
stress_ even ii he were telling the was finding in the assassination, tapes: was a German Mauser The Illowing
e truth_ also recalled somelhing else which put he signed an allidavit to that ellect: But On
ng that both Garrison and Shaw my mind l0 rest on this point: Ihe PSE had the CBS tapes he testilied that he had been
stress was not an encouraging been used t0 analyze the statements ol con- mistaken about that point, that il had really
Clay
New
ver
Iay
Clay
key
Clay
Tom-
day
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abie stress in his statements: The PSE confirmed Ihai he thought he had nedy had been mushed to the emergency
alroliran Gerald L Hill (estilied that he seen & puff ol smoke 0n the knoll, but it rom at Parkland Hospital, where Dc: Mai:
1d ttiree-spent bullet hulls on the (loor could not support his claim that he had colm tried to save his Iife. The physi-
ealk; the window Irom which the (alal heard a shol (rom that direction: cian saw that Ihe President had sullered
ts ellegedly were tired: Tha PSE showed Another witness, Charles Brehm, was a massive head wound anda smaller wound
1 stress in his slatemenls_ quoted by Mark Lane &s having said that in the throat pertormed a Iracheos-
7e rifle was one ol the principal points he had seen a portion of the Presidenfs tomy; cutting Ihrough the throal wound in
d b} {hc Warren Commission to link skull flying back over Ihe Iett rear end ot an attempt t0 open a breathing passage
vald t0 the assassination: The PSE sub- the limousine. Lane oftered this as evidence Afterward when hope Ior the President had
Itiated the testimony lhat Oswald owned of a shot Irom the grassy knoll On the CBS been abandoned, met with the press
Ile ad that the evidence supplied to tapes, Brehm stated healedly that he had and declared that the wound in the tront
allistics expert indicated this ritle was been quoted out of context; and emphatic- of the neck had boen an wound
murdzr weapon: However; the PSE did ally denied that any shots had come from The President's body was flown to
substantizte the controversial claims of the knoll: Despite his emotional stale, there Washington, D.C: There, approximately
ias police regarding the discovery of was almost no stress in this statement: eight hours aher the shooling. an autopsy
evigence_ Oflicer Jacks o the Dallas police, who was pertormed at Belhesda Naval Hospitai_
he hospital employee was apparently was riding in the limousina Ot Vice- Because ot tha tracheostomy, the nature 0i
ng the truth when he recounted (inding President Johnson, denied that any ol the the neck wound could no longer be 0b
bullet o a stretcher at Parkland Hospi- shots had coma Irom the direction ol the served and was, at first, overlooked: Latet;
but many critics have charged that the grassy knoll. The PSE turned up a tair de- aller consulting the Dallas doctors, the
'et had been dexibarately planted there. gree of stress Bethesda pathologists concluded that it
; is the fanc's 'single bullet" which the Three witnesses, Mrs. Caroline Walther, was an exit wound_ The autopsy repont
rren Repor: says passed through the Arnold Rowland and Howard Brennan, stated that there were two entry wounds
lies of botz; :ne President and Governor claimed t0 have seen gunmen in the win- one low in the rear scalp ad one 'at the
Inally. ad then lodged in Connally's , dows of the Texas School Book Depository right base 0l the neck; and two exit wounds,
st. Several researchers have tried to building: Mrs. Walther said she saw two the throat wound and 8 large irregular
eat firing tha same type of bullet men, one armed with & rille, the second wound on the right side Of the head
the wrist of & Cadaver: The bullets never The confusion was compounded whan
iained pertectly inlact as the one tound two agents present at the autopsy _
he stretcher; they became twisted lumps repored that a wound had been found in
zad and copper. Chief Justice Warren: the President's back and that no Cone
he secona lirk between Oswald and the "We explored both these sponding exit wound had been located
assination is the charge that he killed theories and found Diagrams made during the autopsy seemed
cer Tippitt a Dallas policeman, while to confirm this: showing the lower 0f the
ing from the szene 0f the first shooting: no evidence that
twoentry wounds tobe below the shoulders;
umber ot eyewitnesses have testitied either group was involved" not at the base ol the neck What became
saw Oswald shoot Tippitt, and one "of the bullet? The agents reported that
hem, Domingo Benavides; was inter- Bethesda doctors thought the bullet had
ved on the CBS tapes He was asked dropped from the wound when the Dallas
Jere was any doub: in his mind that with a shorter gun. Rowland told the Warren doctors attempted extemal heart massage:
vald was the man he saw shoot Tippitt Commission he had seen two men_ one &n But this was the shot that the Commission
replied, "No_ sir, there waa no doubt elderly Negro, in the window Oswald is claimed had passed through Kennedy &nd
Ill: There was absolutely no stress in alleged to have fired trom, but on the CBS stnuck Govemor Connally
statement: He was telling the truth; tapes he claimed he had seen a amed X-rays and color photographs of the &-
he killing ot Officer Tippitt by Oswald Man ata difterent window. The Commission topsy were made. The brain was removed
fueled the fires of contraversy over the relied heavily on the testimony o Brennan, Irom the body. Brain and skin tissue slides
rren Report: Tippitt was fartrom usual: who claimed to have seen & gunman in the were prepared for microscopic examina-
It when he was shot Some witnesses "Oswald window" actually liring the last of tion. Remarkably, the Warren Commission
e alleged that Tippitt and Ogwald were the shots: The PSE showed hard stress innever asked t0 see any of this evidence
' together in Jack Ruby'$ nightclub: the testimony of all three witnesses relying instead solely on the testimony of
Y theorize that the three mon were part The PSE analysis of the eyewitnesses' Captain James JS Humes, one 0f the
In assassination conspiracy, and that testimony regarding the source of the shots pathologists who conducted the autopsy:
pitt had been sent t0 silence Oswald, is ambiguous. It supports Hollands claim Even more incredible is the disappearance
had been beaten t0 tha draw. t have seen a puff of smoke on the knoll; of the brain; the slides, and some 0t the
'he Dallas police radio dispatcher, and Brehm's denial that ay shots came photographs_ which were alleged to have
icer Murray Jackson, was asked if he Irom that direction, and it raises serious been turned over to the National Archives
Tippitt knew Oswald "No, he doubts about all other claims and counter- by te Bethesda Naval Hospital:
lied, 1 don"t think he knew Oswald: Did claims. This contradiction seems to rasult Both Dr: and Captain Humes wera
kson know Oswald? No, answered from the notorious unreliability of eyewvit- interviewed on the CBS lapes: was
kson; "1 didn"t either_ The PSE showed nesses, 'perhaps compounded by a tair asked about the throat wound he'd seen
Iy stress in both statements: amount Of Iabrication. Deception, if it is when the President was brought to Parkland
'eraps the greatest source of Con- present here, may have been molivated Hospital. His answer seemed evasive. He
"ersy over the Warren Report is it's claim merely by a desire tor attention. Or there neither confirmed nor denied that he had
all the shots were fired by one gunman: may have been:darker reasons: thought it was an entry wound, talking in-
ne eyewitnesses claim to have heard There is, however, other evidence ad stead about the difticulty of making.such
ts and seen gunsmoke in the area o testimony that could shed some light on the a determination and the Iact that his atten-
w hillock ahead and tQ the right Of the existence, number and Iocation Ol assas- lion had been devoled to saving the Presi-
sidential motorcade. This hillock has 8ins Other than Oswald: This brings us to dent's Iite: Then the interviewer asked him
1e to be known a5 the grassy knoli; perhaps the most dubiousand controversial direclly whether he had thought at the time
? 01 these witnesses was a railroad element in Ihe Warren Commission's .ver- that it was an entry wound: "Actually: Ididnt
ker named S.M. Holland, who observed sion of the event -the autopsy: really give it much thought;? he replied He
PFNTHOI IsF
Perry
Perry
Perry
entry
this,
Fbi
they
his
ught
Perry
Perry
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0 '0 WovD 01 Icilsu ui6 Lu;tmibission Vbry
the charge that the Commission had been severely,. but have never lound that mey
tormed to whitewash Ihe tacts: have discovered ary evidence ol any kind
Sassinalibniapes
The PSE said he was lelling Ihe truth_ that we didn ( discoverand use in delermin:
John McCloy. a member of the Warren ing the case &s we did.
Commission , said much the same thing; Hard stress once again: Theword "never"
and added that he had seen no Credible was 0 perectly "trimmad hedge "
""?F338#632 418 evidence l0 contradicl Ie lindiugs Ol the 'I have found nothing since that time_
Xd hard stress on the PSE: Untortu- Commission: The PSE backed him up 0n" he continued_ 'to change my view, nor have
he nad= ro other delinitc statement this_ be;t i lailed t do s0 when, speaking heard ot anything that has changed: the
Ihe inature cf Ihe wound: of tne Warren Aeport; he said, 'There was view of any membar of the commission
intzrvie#: with Captain Humes was nothing traudulenl about it Hera the PSE since that time_
nformative Just betore the intarview showed hard stress: The stress was hard. As | had now' come
7, Himesrad re-examined the aujtcp- If Specter and McCloy were as contident to expect; the word "nothing"" seemed a
oxographs 2nJ X-rays: and he dis- ac the PSE show 8 thsm l0 be in the truthful- parlicularly beautiful example of strass_
iham 2: #n2h on the C3S tapes: ress ol tne Warren Rerort; Whal could b? Anothe: word seemed to show even more
7 275 during #:; 2cOpsy, Izidule%: about i;? Perhaps the snippinj Slress: 'member Could he have been
d.nad rc: zser intended t precisely off oi a lew loose ends, the suppression thinking of someone in particular? Or Janu-
ent #i2 iozaiion of the wouncs: HOw- of & tew pieces ot inconvenient evidence ary 19, 1970, Senator Richard 8_ Russell;
1e now ?:ciuced a sketch which, he which conflicted with a version Of events a Member of the Warren Commission; re
Jid repres::: zresz locaiions accu- they believed to be essentially true_ vealed that he had never believed that Lee"
The inter::ewer asked_ "Your re- The one man who could be expected to Harvey Oswald acted alone:
Qation of #z photographs verify that have the most inlormed opinion regarding had charted the last of the assassination
iunds we"e 35 shown he:e?" the work of the Warren Commission is tapes. Of course. these tew thousand feet
5 sir, he replied No stress: tormer Chie? Justice Earl Warren himsell 0f recording tape are only a small traction"
2 there ary wourds olher tnan one He had declined to be interviewed on the of the relevant testimony recorded and
base Ot :~= neck and ona Up in the CBS program in 1967, but he did appear stored away in the archives of television
Sir. inere were not ' Moderate on television in May. 1972, in a interview news departments_ There is, Ior example
not erclsh t0 suggest Ceception Lee Harvey Oswald, &s he was Ied through
there &3; doubt that the wound at the Dallas police station, denying that ha
ck of the President's head was an had killed the President There are state -
ound?"Trere is absclutely no doubt, ments by Marina Oswald, Jack Ruby and
jain stress bu: again moderate_
we tound no evidence by others:
gether, nCw many wounds were
of any kind that there was have no doubt that with these.tapes,
"There #ere twO wounds ol entrance any conspiracy: a Psychological Stress Evaluator; and time
0 of exit, At this point the stress be- There was hard stress to work on them a very detailed picture
nard_ on evidence" of the assassination % John F Kennedy
where were the entry wounds Io- could be reconstnucted, & picture that might
"Posteriorly: one low in Ine right even reveal te identities ot the assassin8
o.scalp. and one in the base ol (he and their co-conspirators: (hope that sooner
n the right: Hard stress again; or later someone does this: have gone as
d he be absolutely certain Inat what which was part ofa series called The Bran- tar as the private resources of a free-lance
J was a entry wound was, in lact, deis Television Recollections. Bob Smith of writer permit:
'es, indeed we can" Hard stress: the Committee provided me with the tape: What, given the sample of testimony
nterview wilh Humes was 0n0 ot the The interview was an hour Iong; but the have processed with the PSE, can s2y
it and most detailed 0n the CBS Kennedy assassination and the Warren about the assassination?
and ! chared most of it with the PSE Commission came up only once. The inter- We should tirst examine the testimony in
clear to ma that he believed much viewer, Abram Sachar, Chancellor ol Bran- whichno stress was tound, since it is almost
he was saying; but the Irequent Ilick- deis University, was friendly and deferen- certain that these people were telling the
5f mocerate stress and tha occasion- tial_ charted some ot Warren's remarks truth as they saw it. This strongly suggests
es of hara stress suggasled Ihat he unrelated to the assassination and found the following:
nearly as contident 0f his testimony that he was generally unstressed; Sachar 1_ Oswald owned a rifle
claimed to be. As Dr. Perry had raised the subject of the Commission 2 A bullet fired that rifle was found
out, soretimes it's not easy t0 tell obliquely, and Warren volunteered several on Govemor Connally's stretcher at Park-
wound an exit wound_ rather lengthy statements about it land Hospital:
aterviewer asked him one good "bot- Warren said thal immediately after the as- 3. Bullet fragments alleged t0 have been
3 question: sassination there were two theories, One that found in the presidential limousine also
you have ay different conclusion, Khrushchev and Castro were behind the came trom Oswald's rifle_
ferent ideas, any dilferenl Ihoughts the Other that a grOup ot right-wing 4 At least one eyewitness beliaves he
'erseeing [the autopsy photographs] Texas oilmen were responsible: He said: saw gunsmoke on the grassy knoll, but
than YOU had at that tine?" "We explored both of those theories fr another is equally certain no shots cama,
replied Captain Humes; "we think ten months and tound no evidence that trom that direction:
'r Up very well; and very closely; either of them was involved in it:" 5_ Oswald shot and killed Officer Tippitt.
imony belore the Warren Commis- The PSE showed hard stress: 6. At least one member of the Warren
He continued: Commission and one member of the Com-
xress was hard: we found no evvidence of any kind mission's staff really believe in the validity
Specter. one of the Warren Commis: that there was any conspiracy_ of the Warren Report _
rincipal investigalors also spoke on Again there was stress; ad particularly 7_ Jim Garrison had little or no case
tapes He said that the case against hard stress on the words evidence: against Shaw.
litted logether very well, and that "I have read everything; said Justice Almost all of this tends t support, in One
could one find ,among actual crim- Warren, "that has come to my notice in the way or another, the Waren Reponl But now
NTHOUSE
22
"No,
very
"no
from
from
killing:
Clay "no
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Vdi V] '5 Dl' Wjuicales OECBpiiun, a5i METESuitg ano W0 FOE &n0 cannol ba Cross-chocked
claim that Oswald's rifle was unexpected possibility emerges: a structured interrogation, somaprobability
0 in the Texas School Book Depository: must be accepted that this Stress T8 caueed
Fhe claim that bullet hulls matching Oswald was involved in some way in the
by an outside issue: No study has yet been assassination, il only as a fall guy: Some of
Ild 's-rifle were found in the same place. conducted toestablish what this probability
The claim that one gunman was seen
the Dallas police force may have been in-
might be. but Iet us pick lr tne sake Of
Oswald window Ot the Dallas Book
volved_ planted Ihe evidence that impli- discussion; & (igure ,hat may seom ridicu-
cated Oswald, and covered up thc tact trat sitory:
there was a conspiracy. The medical exam-
Iously high__70 percent In otherwords; we
The claim that two gunmen were seen are assuming that 70 percent of the timas
iner believed his Own testimony lo Ihe War-
3 windaw_ ren Commission; but Ialer had doubts The the PSE tinda stress intestimony It results
The claim that a gunman was seen Commission tound evidence ol 2 conspir-
something other than lying:
lifferent window 0f that building: Now, let's ignore the deception indicated
acy but didn't believe it, s0 covered Another claim that no shots came Irom in the testimony o the eyewitnesses; evan
assy knoll, and a claim by the witness
it up in order to present a lidy package to it present, it might have resulled Irom mare the public_ Later, at Ieast gne Membar ot
saw the gunsmoke on the knoll that desire for attention_ That leaves eight ~in-
50 heard a shot from that direction:
the Commission changed his mind;but Siders" whohave demonstrated stress when
4 claim by a Dallas policeman that since he didnt know wharreally did hada making statements supportingthe Warren
#r he nor Officer Tippitt knew Oswald.
pen, he decided t@ say nothing: Sothere Report: Ihe Dallas policemen Hill Jacks;'
The claim by the palhologist_the was conspiracy in Dallas; and in Washing- Jackson and Weilzran; cae medical eam;
' Commission's only source ot intor-:
ton nolhing worse than blundering:
iner, Captain Humes; Commission staffer
n about the autopsy_that the X-rays- could say all this with certainty if knew' Wesley Liebler; Commission member John
Jtopsy photographs support his tes- that stress always equals deception: Unfor- McCloy; former Chief Justice Earl Warren:
before #re Commission: tunately, do not know that: But the PSE Assuming that there is a 70 percent
he claim by a member of the Warren analysis o the assassination tapes has chance that any single instance Of stress
iission that there was nothing fraudu- generated a staggering amount of fresh is "outside' issue_ what is the probability
bout the Warren Report: doubt regarding the Warren Aeport This that all eight instances are due t0 lactors
The claim by Eari Warren that the doubt rises not only specific points other than deception? Elementary proba-
1ission found ro evidence o a COn- the PSE has called into question, but trom bility theory tells us that It is seven-tenthe
Y; that none of the Warren Report's the very sinister implications of the very raised lo Ihe eighth power; or approximately
ever tound anything the Commission existence of deception among policemen; 6 percent:
issed; tha:hehad found nothing since government otticials and Commission In other words, even making some lairly
blication ot the Report t0 change his members. The question remains: did such conservative assumptions, there i9 a 94 per-
and that he knew Of nO Commission deception exist or was the stress found by cent chance that at ieast one of these eight
erawho had ever changed mind the PSE the result in every case, of an Ouk men is lying:
their conclusions: side issue? own personal opinion? dont *now:
remember the young man with the ring:
He said he was wearing it and he was;
but he stressed: He stressed not because
he was lying; but because there was some-
thing about that ring that really bothered
him something he didnt want the world @
know. Perhaps that is also true of these Men
who, in oe way Or enother, leamed some
part ot the truth about the assassination 0t
John F. Kennedy:
suppose Im not absolutely sur OvOn
Of that; When first mot Bob Smith Of tha
Committee, asked him if thora was any
one thing the govemment could doto clear
up the mystery: Yes, he replied, the 0na
ting that would help more tan enything
else would be t0 make available the physi
cal evidence the detailed FBI Iab r0-
ports; the X-rays and autopsy photographa
the microscopic slides. the bloodstained
clothing; yes, even the Presidents brain
wherever it has been hidden: These tnings;
he said, woula g0 (ar toward answering the
questions about what actually happened
that day in Dallas. Maybe they would even
confirm the Warren Repont
So when say Im not absolutely 'centain
these men are concealing something:
Mean can think of something that could
conceivably change my mind: That is, i( the
govemment woula open all its tiles on this
matter lo us and prove Ihat we are wrong
~we, the people who ten years Iater still
believe wehaven tyet heard thetull account
of the events ol Novenber 22, 1963.
The
from
they
Irom
his
M
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b3.llu9-33
COME SHARE THE FINDINGS
OF THE NATION'S EXPERTS
DECADE OF
At Two DAY CONFERENCE ASSASSINATIONS
E LAST THREE PRESIDENTIAL
'CTIONS HAVE BEEN DECIDED BY SPONSORED BY THE COMMITTEE TO
BULLETS: INVESTIGATE ASSASSINATIONS
1963
3
1973
64: result decided by the assassination of
President John F. Kennedy To BE HELD AT
68 result decided by the assassination of
Senator Robert F. Kennedy GEORGETOWN
12 ~ result decided by the near-assassination of UNIVERSITY
Governor Goorge Wallace
GASTON HALL
JOHN F KENNEDY SYLVANUS OL Ympio
is the evidence? ABDUL KARIM KASSEM MEDGAR ` EVERS
"NGO" DINH DIEM JIGME DOrii Adib AL
ire the fatal shots? SHISHAKLI PIERRE NGENDANDUMWE _ Nov. 23-24, 1973
HASSAN ALI MANSOUR MALCOLM Xo VIOLA
has there been such a concerted effort Liuzzo MARIO MENDEZ MONTENEGRO SIR
ithhold the facts? ABUBAKAR BALEWA FT,V: IRONSI AGuiyi
HENDRIK VERWOERD TRAN VAN VAN
ns really 'behind the assassinations? GEORGE LINCOLN ROCKWELL 'CHE GUEVARA
MARTIN LUTHER KING ROBERT F
KENNEDY EDUARDO MONDLANE TOM
MBOYA A.A SHERMARKE GEORGE
WALLACE OSAL VADORE ALLENDE
committee]_To INVESTIGATE_ASSASSINATIONS
1520 16eh Street, N.W_. Washlnston, D.C (202) 232.1152
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DECADE OF ASSASSINATIONS
1963 E 1973 '
PROGRAM
FRIDAY _ NOVEMBER 23 FRIDAY _ Continued SATURDAY _ ~ NOVEMBER 24
9:30 ASSASSINATIONS AND THE MEDIA:
10O LATE REGISTRATION 12:30 BREAK FOR LUNCH Mr. John Henry Faulk, Moderator
Early Registrants pick Up passes: Humorist and Author 0f Fepr On Trlal
20@0 MEDICAL AND PHYSICAL EVIDENCE: Mr. Robert Kaiser Author of RFK Must
130 WELCOME: Mr _ Josiah Thompson, Moderator Dle
Mr. Bernard Fensterwald, Jrs, Executive Professor at Haverford College, author of Mr. Donald Freed CoAuthor of Executive
Directo , Committee to Investigate Slx Seconds In Dollas Actton
Assassinations Dr. Cyril Wecht Professor of Law and Mr: Harold Weisberg Author of Frame Up
Mr. Norman Mailer , Author and Forwarder Forensic Medicine at Duquesne Mr. Ted Charach Author of Second Gun
of Th Flfth Estote University; Coroner of Pittsburgh, Pa Mr. Peter Noyes Author of Legacy Of
Ms. Sylvia Meagher G
Attorney, UN Official, Doubt
D:00 CURRENT STATUS OF PROMINENT author of Accessorles After The Fact Mr. Fred Cook Fn Author of numerous boxks
ASSASSINATION CASES: Mr. Roger Hanson
S
Attorney, counsel to and articles
JFK CASE Mr. Robert P. Smith, Director Sirhan Sirhan
of Research, Committee to Investigate Mr_ Herbert MacDonnell Professor Of 12:30 BREAK FOR LUNCH
Assassinations Criminalistics, Corning University; expert
RFK CASE L
Mr. Robert Hanson, Attorney, in case of Fred Hampton 2:00 THEORIES OF CONSPIRACY:
present counsel for Sirhan Sirhan Mr. Mark Lane
S
Attorney, author of Rush Mr _ Richard Sprague, Moderator
KING CASE 4
Mr. James Lesar, Attorney, To Judgment and Executlve Actlon Computer expert and author
present counsel for James Earl Ray Dr. Richard Popkin, Professor at Washington
WALLACE CASE L
Mr. Ronald Van Doren, 6:00 BREAK FOR DINNER University; author of The Second Oswald
Newsman, Author, researcher into the Col: Fletcher Prouty Former Liaison
background of Arthur Bremer 830 WARREN COMMISSION REPORT: FACT Officer between Pentagon and CIA;
ROCKWELL CASE Ms. Meredith Rode;' OR FICTION Fn
author of The Secret Teams
Professor at Federal City College, slide show ad lecture by Mr. . Robert Mr . Robert K Brown Former Special
Authority in killing of George Lincoln Saltzman Services Officer; expert in attempts on
Rockwell Iife of Castro
Mc: Earl Golz S
Reporter for Dallas Morning
I1:30 UNIQUE INVESTIGATIVE TECHNIQUES: News; expert on Organized Crimes
Mr. William Turner , Moderator Former Mr. Victor Marchetti Former CIA Agent;
FBI Agent; Author of numerous books author
on investigative techniques Mr_ Peter Dale Scott Professor at
Mr. George OToole Former CIA Agent; Berkeley; Author of The War Consplracy
Free-Lance Writer, expert on the PSE
(Psychological Stress Evaluator) S:00 INDIVIDUAL WORKSHOPS With THE
Mr, Robert Saltzman Computer Engineer, SPEAKERS
It +he Warren Commission Question and Answer Sesslons
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3i 380d E Vivyd V V QURCES AAND METhODS INY ~KED_ ZEiZie}_
SE?:
1572
3r _ Jilius Mader Mauerstrasse 69
Auchor ana ecitar 1066 ` Berlin W 66
Zditor 0z "Xho ' s Ino in CIA"
Dear Sirs:
I take tnis opportunity 02 Offering you:
"Xellow List: #here Is tke CIA?6
F= = S==SES=
("Gelbe Liste: #lo ist die CIA")
[is book preserts Zor the first tine enjnere in tne
worla a documentation in &lphabetical orger o2 nore than
LOO cisguised or subsidised Orgenisetions ana institutions
02 tae ES civilien 2na nilitery intelligence network in
North, Centrel and: Soutin Anerica, Europe , Africa and Asia.
Ehe "Yellow List" is available either in the English
or German lenguzge .
The {ozce per copy , inclusive 02 air mail postal costs,
1882.00 or the corresponding amount in otner currencies
a0 present exchange rates) _ The book will be sent to you
inmediately upon receipt 02 your order blaik and cheek.
I would be grateful if you woula mention this publica_
tion Of topical interest to others 25 well-
Yours
tu icezzez
Dr _ Julius Eeder
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J F
SE?
1972
73077 NcX"
COxcIITTEE TO INVESTIGATE ASSASSINATION
4
Mtw_
UASyEzJJaze
%i
Pegs ~8224
2
DoLA
COJITTEE 5o MNTESTIGATB ASSASSCATTOX
Tv
RICGSNATIONAL BANK
cc
TIDcraL Oppicr
1730 PInhIylvanIA AvInVL, M: M. AGA 2 e-U
I05 }X"0o031; 11"0 ?0985491'
9_8_2_E_E_-B_G_#_8_%
I wish copies 0f the "Xellow List: "here Tethe
CIA?" in tbe
language - (Germar( or English)
I enclose 8 cheok for sum ana ourrenoy)
Nane Or Company
3 fensjECWALR
Address J935.
Country .iYsS 22
(6#ride m Tip
2
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Eric Starvo Galt,
aka
and John Willard
(Eyes drawn in by FBI atit)_
DocumENt A8 REFERRZD To FGL
Sta 413
Harvey Lowmyer
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Page 182
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DOCUMENT As REFEREZD To
CELL
ettvA4t
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CIVIL RIhTs
3
CONSPIRAGY
INtEbstato Fight
3
BOBBERY
4.0. 41BZ
+0z-58
WANTED BY FBI
JANTS VARERDY
FBI No: 405,942 6
16 & 9 u 000 J2
ALVASES_Eric SteMo Cplt_4C#ena_HenerLp4e Jate' I Bide Jeaes@"Cpanets Janes Laltou_JanesLlyon Joha Willard; "Jin" V4 @ ioi
Ptotorrnts {3te 1*50 Phobziaet txEn 196}
(815 Jram %y artisti
4rl
DESCRIPMION
Ace; W Wm Matdh JO_J928Altoa_Ltinois
HEGHT : 5 Tr EYES; blue
Veight: 163 t 174 pounds CovpLexion: Qediva
BUILd: mediva RACE: white
HAIR: browm . possibly cut short MATiONALiTy: Anetican
OCCUPATIONS: baker , color natcher, Iaborer
SCARS And MARKS: smal| scar 00 center o/ forehead and sAall 5cat 00
pala of right hand REMARks: noticeably protruding lelt ear; reportedly is a Ione rolf;
allegedly attended dance instructioa school; has reportedly
completed course in barteading
CRIMINAL RECORD
Ray has been canuaed al buiglar @bber_frring LL f_EastaL_'oney
Orders armed_Iobbesy_udoxenm no_Yeliclewitout_@rer's
consent_
CAUMION
RAY #S Sought In connection With A Murder WhEREix THE
Victim MAS Shot_ CoMSideR Armed And EXTREMELY DAN-
cerOUS
Federal vanant was issed ga Avzl 17 . 163. at Bimiaghae: Alahee 9r282 Raxis Etic %ato Calt sit caspiting tg interlere with % Constitytional Right ol_& citizea (Ville _IlJL$
Ode Sedtipa 24 LEeterl Lal ras %53 issjed 04 July @. 1957 at Jeiietson Hissuri, C1ar_yR _ith Tnlerstate Flignt @ Aroid Confinerent (or Me crime or Robbery (Title 18,
0. & Coza ectoa 1J731.
KM LreumOrSrErot FIY (CMAQ Yolr LON @I 0KQ ala~~
TeB**r Mivb NrNrres0M@CXoLSD 4ma Director
Itifatioa Ordet 4132 Federal, Bwueau of Investigation
Npnil @, 1363 Vashingtod; D. C 20535
ASAYOCUMENT ;
TZD To
~BL
Rer
Cily .
4/7.
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DOCUMENT AS REFEERED TO
4+3 Ayis
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BY THE
WANTED FBI
CIVIL RIGHTS - CONSPIRACY
ErIC STARVO; GALT
FBI No. 405,942 G
1
2
1
k
Photograph taken 1968 Photograph taken 1968
(eyeg drawn by artiet)
4
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DESCRIPTION
Age: 36, born July 20,,1931 (not supported by birth records)
Helght: 5'8" to 5'11" Eyes: Blue or hazel
Welght: 160 to 175 pounde Complexlon: Modium
Bulld; Medium Race: Wliite
Halr; Brown, pogeibly cut ghort
Occupation: Has. claimed employment a9 geaman
Rem arks: Noticeably protruding left ear; reportedly i8 a lone wolf; allegedly
attended danco ingtruction echool; hag reportedly completed course
in bartending.
CAUTION
4702
GALT IS SOUGHT IN CONNECTION WITH A MURDER WHEREIN THE VICTIM WAS
SHOT. CONSIDER ARMED AND EXTREMELY DANGEROUS;
A Federal warrant was iggued on 'April 17 1968, at Birmingham; ' Aiabama, charging Galt with con-
Bpiring to' interfere ' with
a Constitutional Right of a citizen (Title 18,; U. S: ' Code, ` Section 241).
IF
You HAVE AnY INFORMATION ConcerinG This PERSON_
PLEASE notify ME Or contACT YouR
LOCAL" FBI OFFIce; TELEPhOnE NUMBERS AND AD DRESSES 0F ALL Fbi 0FFiceS LISTE0 0n BAck;
ao~
DIRECTOF
FEDERAL BVREAU OF INVESTIGA TION
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
Wanted Flyer 442 WASHINGTON, D. C 20535
April-17_ 1968' TELEPHONE; NATIONAL; 8-7117
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obbkti
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGEN
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20505
11 December 1973
MEMORANDUM FOR: Director
Federal Bureau of Investigation
8
ATTEN TION Mr. William A_
Brdhigan
SUBJECT Conference of the Committee to Investigate
Asba8sination 8,_Report on Proceedings
283 Noverber 7973 3 Mc _
X
1_ Herewith & report containing partial coverage on the
events during the first session of the Committee to Investigate
Assassinations, together with material (which is overt) made ~
available on the floor of the conference.
2. We would be interested in anything you develop o any
of the other 8esgion8 Of the conference.
8
FOR THE DEPUTY DIREC TOR FOR OPERA TIONS:
REC-64 62 - //4612-33
Je4t
14 JAN 3 1974
6 104 James Angleton
K3
Enclosure:
Report wlatts
CIR-316/03107-73
U
((Assififu ;y
055431
3
FX:#.'| Rux fix(icn
S(:. L 'FGA)RT :
Sci 8> 00ce )
Auinm4 Ji
impogsible to determine
(vaies, 'mpusobla Wur GJle 9( 6vedt) SECRET
FILE
BEHIND
L ENC;
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SECREI
Attachment to CIR-316 /03107- 73
SUBJECT: Conference of the Committee to Investigate A88a8sinations,
Report on Proceedings 23 November 1973
1a The Committee to Investigate Assassinations claims to
have been established in 1969. The headquarters are in Washington, D. C
(at 1520 I6th Street, N. W. ). In the four yeare of its existence the
Committee hag done research and hag become a kind of clearing
house for the study of assa8sinations. It maintains contact with
other groups engaged in gimilar activity_ of which there seem to be
at least two, one of which is located in the Bogton area.
2. In addition to regearch, the Committee acts to help
individuals interested in the investigation of a89a88inations It thus
files buit8 for private persons demanding access to classified
information. It sponsors the publication of book8 and articles
relating to the field 0f its interest, and spongors the production of
movie8. It publishes a newbletter.
3. The conference of November 23-24, 1973, is the first of
its type to be held by the Committee- The Georgetown University
wa8 helpful by placing Gagton Hall at the disposal of the Committee
free of charge_ By agreement with the University, the Committee
will also be able to use the services of the University Library 2s a
repobitory and research center.
4 The Conference opened on November 23, 1973 , with a delay
of about half an hour. The may have been due to the installation
of recording equipment which literally covered the premises with
a
tangle of wires of every kind. The Washington Pogt reports an
attendance exceeding 300_ This i8 a generous estimate After
deducting official speakers, recording pergonnel, and press
representatives, the audience probably numbered no more than 150,
if that many .
classififu .t
006593
Fx?;: :%u# Y'+r:! ~:atikdn
Schli I;1 & t' (,u)xi
"068i : 5etn
Abli/;:
imposgible to determine
(salest ,ausoblc: 0841 Jate 00 {8i) SECRET _ 5
delay
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SECKEi
5 Beards and long hair prevailed, and otherg stood out like a
Bore thumb. There wa8 not a single Negro in the audience, nor, that
morning, on the platform. Even the bpeaker who epoke on the cabe
of Martin Luther King wa8 white.
6 Not all the speakers preannounced were present. The
chairman announced the abgence of Richard Sprague. Another
speaker, a lawyer from Los Angeles whose name wa 8 drowned
out in the noise, was al8o abbent. They were replaced by Dr. Robert
Forman and someone whose name gounded like "Ed Kirkley".
7 The chairman announced that all the speeches would be
tape recorded for gubsequent publication. He further invited the
audience to attend movies to be shown that night. One of thege,
"Burn"' wa 8 to be shown at the University. Others by prearrangement
would be shown at Jocal movie theaters, The latter were connected
with the Kennedy a8sa8sination. The cage of the President'9 murder
wa8 in the center of the conference and, a8 noted by one of the
organizers (Smith), one half of the speakers were to center their
attention upon the Oswald case:
8 The chairman adhered strictly to the program and every
bpeaker mentioned in the program for the morning se8sion of
November 23 spoke &8 specified. Of those who spoke, Norman
Mailer, Robert P Smith and Ronald Van Doren deserve particular
attention. Their speeches in summary are reviewed below.
9 A table at the back of the audience presented recommended
literature. The books included H. Weissberg' 8 Whitewash and
Peter Noyes' Legacy_of Doubt: For some reason there wa& a copy
of one paper only, that of George 0'Toole' s "Assassination Tapes" .
There was a180 a bibliography of political assa88ination; the foreword
to which lists the persons most actively collaborating with the
Committee.
2
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OCUEI
10_ A publication circulated during the conference wag the
November, 1973 issue f Computersand_ Automation which i8 to
be renamed, starting January 1, 1974, Computers_and_People:
The Publication of articles such a8 "Nixon and the Mafia" which
concludes that Richard M. Nixon seem8 to be the embodiment of
a prediction that organized crime would bomeday put its ow man
in the White Hou8e, 8eem8 somewhat curious in a magazine devoted
to the profession of data processing and the use of computers.
The magazine wag established in 1951 by Berkeley Enterprises in
Massachusetts. Alger His8 is among its contributors and an
abundance of articles by Richard Sprague on the bubject of Watergate
published in the pagt year.
11. Another organization which received publicity at the
Conference wa 5 The Committee for Action/ Research on the
Intelligence Community (CARIC)
12_ A repregentative of Computers and Automation handed out
thib publication free 0f charge to members of the audience_ He took
notes with fantastic speed and apparent accuracy of everything said
during the proceedings.
13 The lights gave out at one point and did not come on again
during the morning session. The abgence of current may have
affected the tape re= cording.
14. The morning sesgion, due to close at 12.30, ended after
1:30 p. m. By this time the audience was impatient to have lunch,
and the resumption of the proceedings wag therefore postponed to a
later hour.
15. No document of any kind wa8 issued to the persons who
S15. 00 to enter. Instead their hand wa8 stamped with the name
of the organization which gave them access to all further meetings
that and the next (the members of the audience were apparently
not suppobed to wash their hands during this time) Names were
tken down, but no questions asked other than one' 8 initial. No
information on addreg8 , occupation, etc. was required.
3
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16_ Speech_by_Norman _Mailer' Thie wa 5 beyond a doubt, the
mobt btriking presentation during the Friday morning Bes8ion.
Mailer spoke briefly and left the conference shortly after the gpeech:
17 Mailer gaid that political intelligence 28 a subject was &8
powerful a9 "'peace" , Interest in a88a8Bination ig obseggive. The
obbeg8ion arise8 from the fact that a golution to the problem is not
found, and attention i8 constantly drawn back to the unanswerable
question.
18. He said that we have here the most powerful nation in the
world which cannot come to grips with a question which seem8 a8
amazingly simple as the Kennedy a88a88ination. The rebult has
been that this nation ha8 decided to shut down investigation and hag
thus alienated itself from its own history. This alienation has
brought apathy , a trait noticeable in the reaction to invegtigations
which no wide responge.
19_ A nation which rejects its own history i8 on the path to &
totalitarian regime. Facts , meanwhile, have a peculiar ability to
change when they are investigated, and investigators mubt therefore
rely upon hypothesis. The history of the lagt ten years hag been
made unendurable by the abundance of hypotheses_ They range
from the opinion that an assassination is an accident la cking any
particular sequence to the hypothegis that secret police forces
are
engaging in a world conspiracy.
20. The present conference must help u8 to learn whether
there are pos sibilities, and what pO8 sibilities exist, to bolve thege
question8.
21. Speech by Robert P, Smith. Mr. Smith was described as
the director of research 0f the Committee, but he seems to be one
of the major motive forces in this organization.
22. Mr. Smith pointed out that he had spent the lagt three years
studying the Kennedy
case, Much regearch had been done, but
nothing had changed, 80 far a8 practical action wa9 concerned, in
the lagt nine years.
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27, Speech_by_Ronald_Van Doren: Mr . Van Doren seeme to be a
follower of Governor Wallace. He began by commenting on the ead
Bituation in a country with a judiciary where individuals have to make
conjectures regarding a cage 48 obviou8 a8 that of Bremer. There is
no doubt that Bremer pulled the trigger. But one should examine the
political gituation at the time of his action. Wallace wa 8 by far the
leading candidate in the election campaign, a threat to other candidates,
and he wa8 winning the nomination. He represented a challenge to
both parties Nothing he baid could be interpreted a8 racist, and in
the economic sense he carried wide appeal: The question which faced
te other candidates was how he could be gtopped from disrupting the
two parties and from preventing the re-election of the President.
Hietory will show how he wa 8 stopped and why this occurred:
28_ The case in defense of Wallace'8 civil rights wa 8 quietly
dropped. No proper investigation wag conducted. Ag usual in
a8bassination cabes there wa8 a diary . It showed that Bremer wa9
acting alone and was deranged: Read &8 a of literature, the
presents Bremer a8 a non-perbon, an illiterate unable to spell:
There is nothing regarding the people he worked with. Meanwhile_ if
one examines Bremer's background, he appeare an entirely different
person. did he.travel repeatedly to Ottawa ? How did he manage
to carry guns on planes ? What was he doing in New York? was
he in Waghington? And where did he his funds ? The apartment
he rented exceeds his annual income. His mother could not afford
to visit him in prison, he dressed well: With whom was he
involved?
29_ All thib should be looked into. Watergate brought the
electoral campaign to the fore. Why has discussion of the Bremer
bhooting been excluded from the investigation? Bremer was a part
of the 1972 campaign, there is no mention of Wallace or of
Bremer. Two years from now Wallace will be backa
30. Speech by_Mss Meredith Rede: Me . Rode wa8 very brief.
She gaid ghe became interested in the killing of George Lincoln Rockwell
in 1970 , and that the case wag built on circumstantial evidence exclusively.
The case i8 still open, for the police believe that there wa8 an accomplice_
No funds are available for defenge.
5
'SECRET
piece
diary
Why
Why
get
yet
yet
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23. Although the National Archives are the repository for the
Kennedy a8sas8ination documents, the FBI and the CIA are
rebponbible for restricting regearch. Much of the 300 cubic feet
0f documents have been printed, a reclaggification in 1971 has
releaged 3, 000 page8, and the CIA later releaged more, but none of
the material released hag created any gensation. The Freedom
of Information Act is not a8 liberal on asga8sination material 29 on
other matterg. Some material wa8 not even turned over to the
Warren Commission. The FBI and the Juetice Department are alone
in knowing the,results of some tests.
24. In the non-governmental area, much has been published,
and the book by Peter Noyes must be singled out particularly.
25, Speech_by_Mr_ Robert Hanson: Mr . Hangon has become
the counsel for Sirhan Sirhan. He studied to become an engineer
and then shifted to law. (To judge from the number of cases which
he bays he has lost, heghouldhave remained an engineer instead of
becoming an attorney. )
Mr . Hanson said that the Sirhan cabe i8 pretty hopeless.
The trial was based on a 100 per cent belief in Sirhan'8 guilt.
Therefore important witnesses were not called, and no attention
wa8 paid to ballistics. Scientific study, however, indicates that
Sirhan Sirhan may not even have been the person who committed
the crime. But even if it i8 proved that his gun did not kill
Robert Kennedy, this discovery may have no influence upon Sirhan'8
cabe, California officials have no desire to reopen the case and
funds to handle the proceedings are lacking. A book by Tiger on
the cabe i8 worthy of note. Tiger claims that Sirhan Sirhan was
acting under hypnotic influence.
26. Speech by James Lesar: Mr. Lesar, who spoke on the
Martin Luther as8a89ination, declared that Ray wa8 innocent,
and that the FBI and the Justice Department were responsible for
wrongly solving the crime. wa9 framed by conspirators. The
persons presently involved in Watergate played a role in the
cage investigation. No private agency only & government agency
can 8olve the case. All depende on whether the judiciary acts
honestly or with political consideration in mind. A8 it btands today ,
we bee Ray'8 rights having been abominably violated;
We see lawyers
who did not do their job; and we see nothing approaching an open
hearing.
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King
Ray
Ray
Ray
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31, There wa8 al80 a 8peech by Robert Salzman who wa8
long-winded and technical. No ubeful coverage available.
32, Copies of materials which were available at the Conference
are attached.
A American Political Assag8inations: A Bibliography
of Works Published 1963-1970 Related to the Aggaggination
of John F Kennedy, Martin Luther King, Robert F.
Kennedy- Compiled by The Committee to Investigate
A88a8sinations, Washington, D: C
1
1973.
B "Decade of A8ga8ginationg
T
1963-1973"'. Committee
to Investigate Assa8sinations, 1973.
C: "Don't Read This Out Loud ! " Intelligence Report.
The Committee for Action Research on the Intelligence
Community (CARIC).
D Announcement. The announcement stateg that
Senator John Stennis will begin hearings on hi8
Bill to amend the National Security Act, in regard
to the clarification of the authority of the CIA.
E Aesa88ination_Tapee by George 0'Toole:
Published by Penthouse International Ltd. 1973.
F Computers and Automation (Computerg and People) ,
November , 1973, Volume 22, 11.
SECRET
No
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ANNOUNCEHENT
Senator John stennis , Chairman of the Armed
Services Committee , will begin hearings early in the
New Year on his Bi1l No . S.2597 to amend the National
Security Act M in regara to clarification of the
authority of the CIA.
The bill recently introduced by Senator Stennis
resulted in part from correspondence with Senator Edmund
Muskie, Chairman of the Senate Disarmament Subcommittee.
To sone degree, these hearings were inspired by the
Natergate developments _
People with knowledge in the areas which might
be fruitful for investigation shoula be in touch with
Senator stennis' Committee. For further information ,
contact the Task Force For A Nuclear Test Ban , - Betty Lall
and Jo Pomerance , co-Chairmen , care of the Project on_
Budget Priorities , 1620 Eye Street, N.W., Nashington , D.C .
20006 _
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'JOIN THE COUNTER-SPY INTELLIGENCE REPORT
PUBLICATiONS
CAni ; puslishes
0 bi-weekly INTELLIGENCE repoat and
ual (crlv nurcc' COUNTER-SPY fualuring various articles exanining
'he itluc.urcs and opcrations of U.S. Inlelligance. In addition, CARIC
ub ishee Occ Isional pamiphlcts on various concepts in the craft ot
TEAM
Ite Iigon>u. IARic also provides reprints of selected articles on
'ntu ligyer ce vvltich have appcared in other publications:
CAAI} is f reparing a guide to U.S. Intelligence which will serve J5 &
:itizar 3t CoSS Jcvico to the hidden world of government operations We
Join with Us in our effort to end "illegal, unconstitutional
,op:} thal an} controversy raised by this guide or ay Other CARIC and gross acts" by our government; CARIC is entirely
Dont
b Icati Jn wiii luad to public debate and resolution of the issues supported by donations from American citizens: Donate and
nvoived: Our analysis is bascd in a firm bclicf that no human being become a sponsoring member of the Committce tor
hoi Id te denicd life, liberty or the pursuit of happiness by our Action/Research on the Intelligence Community: Sponsoring
,overnmunt 0; its agents. CARIC publications aid the public effort to members receive our bi-weekly INTELLIGENCE REPORT
:nsu %0 thu' vOIIration of this conccpt by those in our government; and our quarterly COUNTER-SPY as wcll a5 additional
information on government operations. CARIC actively seeks
the advice and viewpoints of all sponsoring members in our
Reawd
activities: Write to CARIC, Box 647 , Ben Franklin Station,
Washington, D.C. 20044, or call ( 202) 785-8330
With your support we can prevent the visions of George
in-From-THe-COLD HEARiNGS Orwell in 1984 from becoming an American reality: _
CARi ; wi sponsor In-From-The-Cold Hlearings featuring public
teslimon / by individuals intimately involved with U.S. Intelligcnce. The STOP THE SPYING
Tis
nearings wili focus on American intervention abroad , domestic
rcpr %ssio') in Ihis country &nd thc cflects of sccrecy on the individuals' STOP TECHNOFASCISM
persxrali'y- Former intelligence wokers and those who have been
iictimizc] by the intelligence community will publicly relate thcir
part cipa ion in uctivitios of our govornnent which can no longer be
inored ty gocd citizens:
Qut
CARIC
Dox 647
Bon Frankiln Station
Washington, D.C, 20090
I Nleh to bponbor) the eftorte 0r CARIC
Lovdl
Ploaeo EInd encloged @y donatJon 04
1 wIeh]only to gubecrIbo to the INTELLIGENCB
RePORT 8]a04]€o CouNtBR-BpY](86/1ndivIdual _
so/organLeatlon)
Nnhb
AdDREbS
The Committee for Aclion Roscarch o Ui
Intelligencc Community (CARIC)
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Who knows what future political espionago will occur under tho INTELLIGENCE DOCUMENTATION CENTER (IdC)
guise of s0-called "national security Or loyalty to an administration? CARIC is continuously collecting inlormation on inlclligencc Irorn &
I1c hcacilincs in Aricrican newspapcrs Iave Ior Years told ol Army Onlv time wlll tell, but through diligence &d your help CARIC will variety of Sourccs including ollicial qovcrnment nulsli :ations ild
J;
illunce of civilians, U.S. SpV planes bcing thot down over olher anticipate and bring to attention situations within the government documcnts, previous invcstigations, pullic account;; Ji intervitevs
c,; ies, attcmptcd coups and intriguc initiatcd by the CIA and that &re likely to produce & new 'Watergate " conducted with hundrds of formcr intelligancc and police agcr ts. Tho
ir( s'raincd FBI wiretapping: Wo dll know that Big Brother is information torms the data-Iase ot thc Inlclligenco Dorumentatiunn
:Jiing, but no onc in our goverument has takan the time to explain Although CARIC does believe that 0 massive government spy Center maintained by CARIC. The IDC is j library c/ inlurma:ion on
1+) js spicrl upon, and why are Icing watched: Too oftcn, we apparatus is at work in tho world, we hope to dispel some of tho U.S: Intelligenco avuilallc upon requcst to Journalists, q Jalilizd
iirican citizens don) 't cvcn know who Big Brothcr is. paranoia citizens naturally fcel when thcre is talk of spics and wirelaps recearchcrs ad mcmbcrs ol CARIC:
know that the FBI does not have agents behind every tree, but there
{n 1955, President Eisenlowcr acceptcd the rcport of the Hoover are agcnts in every major community in this country who have spicd on_
#m:mission cn U.S. Inlclligence. Among other recommendations, the innoccnt private and public citizens. Only a full and undisguised look
1o 'swnission emuhasizcd the nccd Ior two "'watchclog commillccs On Into this hidden world can displace unwarranted fears, &d guide thc
!#igcnce within tha cxecutivc and Icg slativo branches of public effort to cnd this illegal and unjustified espionage: The secregy
rment: Although a Feriign Intelligence Advisorv Board (FIAB) with which the govcrnmont currounds itself must end. SPEAKFRS BUREAU AND Workshjps
1.> st :blished to serve the President, Congress bY & overwhelming CARIC maintairs 0 listing of mcmbers Jvailable t epeak belore
ity hns rcfuscd to establish a comnvittoe wilhin the Icgislative CARIC knows that tens of thousands of American citizens from all groups On 3 variety o suhjecls ranging from the (oreign intclligence
"h. in the midlst of Ihc Watergate scanduls, thcre is soine walks of lifc were mobilized over the past decade to help bring an end programs of our govcrnmcnt to lhe problcms of crin)inal j Jstica: in this
":inent within Congress to establish comrittccs on the separale to the government'$ war in Indochina F a war that has taken ncw forms country. Our speakers includc formcr intclligencc Wqi pxslico
~ulligence agencics_ The result wili be divided oversight with no under the direction of U.S. Intelligence agencics. CARIC hopes that agents and informers and others tamiliar with American inlo-Iligc 1CC.
~ance that Congress will he able to stop illegal and unjustified these same concerned citizens will continue to oppose the policies of CARiC will Piriodically conduct workchops tcr chJrch, lalor,
ri'4. With Congrcss abrogating its responsibililies, thcre is no agency our government which bring this new form of covert war)and the school or comnunity organizations. Workshop topics :rclucle:
jovcrament, diraclly rcsponsible to thie public, monitoring tho Watcrgate scandals It is]now time for thousands of Amcricans to OPERATION PHOENIX F CIA assissinatian in Viutnan:
Jo:ted Stales Intclliggncc Community. mobilize to stop the spying as we stopped the dving: Please join us in SALEM HOUSE 4 Preparation for thu coup in Canitrclis
our effort The CIA in Laos
Njiv former intelligence workers and concerned citizens havc OPERATION BOULDER ~ An introduction to tlle nc <t A nerican
(i ;ed a nalional association lo provide the vila' infornation a aware
war
elxic nceds to know about government oncrations. The Committcc for Right-wing tcrrorism in America
14,' imnifcscarch On) thc Intelligence Comniunity (CARIC) is an Federal Planning for civil disturbanccs: Riols and dxmor-slrations
0 c nendent "watchdog On the govcrnment spy apparatus. CARIC, THE COMMITTEE FOR ACTION/RESEARCH The Interna; Security apparatus and IVatergale
p3ored entirely by donations from Amcrican citizens, strves as an ON THE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY (CARIC)
Wralive sourcc of analysis and informa:ion on the practiccs,
%ization and objectives of U.S. Intellig rice_ What clandestine
ations are being carricd out in the namc of America? Is the CIA INTELLIGENCE
"uri:Ig to cnlanile Us in another Wur simnitur Io the Indochina War? REPORT
'I1" inforqialion is ging into Federal, Slale, local ad private data
Multi-MEDIA BRIEFING
AL5001 innoccnt Aincrican cilizens? Is the FBI becoming a sccret
CARiC wili soon jugmciit our workshops with a multi-In Jia
i{ _ % force? Whoso phoncs are tapped in America? These are some of briefing on U.S. inaelligence Icaturing films, vidco tJpcs, tlisp ays &d
h rxucstions CARIC is ansicring: CARIC ORGANIZATION
CARIC is organizcd to rcflcct the operating procedures of 3 typical rccorded interviews. The exhibit svill dramalically illl stratu: Inlulligauicc
CARIC knows that all conscientious America s are closely watching intelligence organization. Our rescarch process involves collecting as practiccd bv our govcrnment: Our hope is I0 creat & SUIIEr-cunsaijus
scnts lhat have unfoldcd sincc the arrests made 0t the Watergdtc informalion from a widc variety of sources both public and private: Our realizalion by our audience of the conccpts presenlcd in !h ! disply_
('l: Wc xharo Il1o hiope of mosl Amel icans that tho ilcqal analysis is the collcctivo product of CAAIC participants and climinates The first elemcnt of the multi-mcdia bricling is a slicle show trizing
1;
Injyc praclicos that havc now Ivzcn cxposxl will no longcr 3 part aty cconprier Irncntalizalion of knowlcdge. Tlve inlormalion and our the growlh ol lhe ilcinal sccurity apparullls 0/ our g)rrnm (l ard
rnerican political Iile. Hcwevit the disiat:tling of Onc espianagc iWllvsis is Ihcn) clisscininallccl Ilrough CARIC publicalions and scparatc dcmonstrating howv lhis appairitlus inlluenced thc W?ireale 'cac: I)ls
"al Icval (U onc GQup o( mliticians dces IICt insure thalt this abusc works hy CARIC narticipants In addition, CARIC providcs information The slide show teranitates with) suggrstions (rr limi:ing { rt g* !#th
sic; vxill nQ1 he IcTcJled ;v future politiciars. other journalists and qualificd rescarchers of the internal sccurity #paraltis:
your
bcing WC
We
Now,
kcrs,
linng:
bc
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November, 1973
VoL 22, No. 11
UNTIL DECEMBER 31 , 1973
COMputers
and automation
STARTING JANUARY 1, 1974
GON PUtECS
and people
WORKING TOGETHER
Cooperative Facilities to Obtain the Advantages of Computers M. J Cerullo
Control in Time-Sharing Systems F: C Castillo
Computer Art: The Search Beyond Manipulation 6. C Hertlein
Computers in Science Fiction M. Ascher
Strategy &nd Action on World Trade J H. Binger
Virtue, in Spite of Erroneous Conceptions J: P. Frankel
Nixon and the Mafia Conclusion J: Gerth
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Here i the start of the most famous article that we ever published excerpted from the May, 1970, issue of
Computers and Automation. If vou would like to read this article, and look at the eleven photographs it contains,
send Us $2 (prepayment is necessary) . This issue is RETURNABLE IN 7 DAYS FoR FULL REFUND (IF IN
SALABLE CONDITION). How can you lose?
Computers ad Automation, 815 Washington St , Newtonville, Mass. 02160
THE ASSASSINATION OF PRESIDENT JOHN F KENNEDY:
THE APPLICATION OF COMPUTERS
To THE PHOTOGRAPHIC EVIDENCE by
Richard E. Sprague
Hartsdale, New York
Part 1. Introduction head . (The bulk 0f the undeniable evidence for
these statements about the shots consists of
(e) the phys ics of the motions of Rennedy and Con -
Who Assassinated President Kennedy? nally shown in some 60 frames 0f the famous film
by Abraham Zapruder; (b) the locations 0f the in-
juries in Kennedy and in Connally; and (c) More
On November 22, 1963, in Dal las Texas Pres ident than 100 pictures cons isting 0f more than 30
John F_ Rennedy while riding in an open 1 imousine still photographs and more than 70 frames of Mo-
through Dealey Plaza and wav t0 the surround vies
crowds wa5 shot o death. Lee Harvey Oswald _ an More than 50 persons were invo lved in the con-
ex-Marine and former visitor to the Soviet Union , spiracy at the time 0f firing the shots These
was arrested that afternoon in a movie theatre in persons inc luded members of the Dallas police force
another sect ion 0f Dallas that night he was C harged (but not a11 0f the Dallas ice and that ac -
with shoot President Rennedy from the s ixth floor (continued in the May 1970 isue of Comguters_&nd_Automation)
easternmost window of the Texas School Book Depos i-
tory Building overlook ing Dealey Plaza This 8c1
Oswald denied steadily through two days of question-
ing (no record 0f ques t ions and answers was ever Contents
preserved ) Two days later while Oswald was being
transferred from one jail to another , he was shot Parts
by Jack Ruby _ a Dallas night-club owner in the L Introduction
basemen t of the Da} las police station while mil- 2 The Photographic Ev idence
58
lions 0f Americans watched on television . The com- 3 The Applica t jon 0f Computers t0
mission 0f investigat ion , appointed by Pres ident the Photographic Eridence
Lyndon B_ Johnson , and headed by Chief Justice Earl Appendices
Warren 0f the l. S. Supreme Court_ published its Acknuwledgements and Notices
report in September 1964_ and conc luded that Oswald Epilogue
6
was the sole assass in and that there was no conspir- Bibliography
acy _
In view of the authority 0f the Warren Commis - Fiqures
81on , that conc lus ion was accepted by many Americans L Helicopter View 0f Dea Tey Plaza
for 0 time But the conc lusion cannot be con-
2 Policemen &nd Tramps
sIdered true by any person who care_ fully considers 3 'Tramps"
1
the cruc ial ev idence suc h a5 the physics of the 4 Policemen and 'Tramps"
shooting, the t iming of a number of events_ and 5 Policemen and 'Tramps'
other important and undeniable facts In other 6 7 6th Floor Easternmos t Window' of the
words _ Oswald wa 5 not the sole essassin, and there Texas School Book Depository
was a conspiracy_ Building
Thls article will develop that thesis _ prove i 8 9 Kennedy About the Time 0f the First 43
t0 be true on the bas is 0f substant ial , conc lusive Shot
evidence_ and in part icular some analys is 0f the 10 Kennedy After the First Three Shots 44 _ 45
photographic evidence and Before the Fa ta] Shot
There was in fact 8 conspiracy. Oswald played H1 The Radio Communicator 33
role in the conspiracy , although there is con- cJusive ev Idence that on November 22 , 1963, he did Charts
no shoot ing at President Rennedy _ and that_ just Spatia] Chart 48 _ 52
95 he cla imed when he was in the Dallas jail, he 2 Schema t ic Timing Chart
was 8 'patsy_ At leas t three gunmen (and proba -
bly four none 0f whom were in the s ixth floor Tables
easternmos t window 0f the Texas Schoo] Book Depos - 1 Index t0 Spatia ) Chart
Itory buflding where the Warren Commis sion placed 2 Photographs Acquired, by FBI and
56
Oswald fired 0 total of six shots at Pres ident Unavailable
Kennedy _ 3 Ma in List of Photographs
One 0f these shots missed en t irely; one hit 5 Preliminary List of Computer Codes
8
Governor John B. Connally _ Jr_ 0f Texas riding Preliminary Coding Sheet for
"Ith Kennedy= and four hit Pres ident Kennedy _ one Computer-Assisted Analysis
In his throat _ one in his back, and two in his
ing ing
pol
ing
Page
long
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THE PUrsuit OF IMPORTANT TRuth
The magazine Computers ad Automation has for more
than three Years followed an unusual publication policy:
The pursuit of truth in input, output, and pro:
cessing, for the benefit of people, Unsettling, Disturbing, Critical
and an unusual belief:
Computers endAutometion, established 1951 and
That computers are too important to be left to
therefore the oldest magezine in the field of com- computer experts and must be integrated into a puters and deta processing believes that the PFO=
socially responsible profession of information fession 0f information engineer includes not only
engineering: competence in handling information using computers
and other means but a180 0 broad responsibility,
Whe7zthis policy has operated most is in publishing in professiona] and engineering sense, for
information, articles, and reports on subjects which a
great many liberal and progressive newspapers and The reliability end social significance 0f
pertinent input data; odicals have left unexplored or unmentioned:
The political conspiracies which have led to the The social value and truth 0f the output
essassination of President John F_ Kennedy, Sena- results
tor Robert Kennedy, Martin Luther King, ad
In the same way 8 bridge engineer takes
others W and their coverups fessional responsibility for the reliability and
The conspiracies, coverups, and lies in connection 8ignificence 0f the data he uses and the safety
and efficiency 0f the bridge he builds, for human
with the pursuit of war in Indochina and dictator- beings to risk their lives on . ship by the Saigon regime
The connections of President Richard M. Nixon
Accordingly , Computersend_Automation publishes
{rom time to time articles and other information with organized crime and the Mafia
related to socially useful input and output 0f date
The Watergate crimes systems in a broad sense To this end we seek to
publish what s unset tling_ disturbing, critical
If you believe in the value of truthful, frank reporting but productive 0f thought and an improved 8nd
on the most important topics for the welfare of the sefer m 'house for 0ll humanity an earth in which
people of the United States today, we urge you to ou children end leter generations may have 8 fu-
scibe to our magazine, and buy our back copies (almost ture, instead 0f facing extinction.
every one is in print). Please help us pursue the important The professional information engineer needs to
tuth &nd report on it, by buying our products: relate his engineering to the most important and
@ost serious problems in the world today = war
nuc ]ear weepons pollution , the population explo-
EerAJ
Se_aOd
sion, an many more
Edmund C Berkeley, Editor
(may be copied on any piece of paper)
TO: Computers ad Automation (Computers and People, starting January 1, 1974)
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13-00000
UNTiL DECEMBER 31 , 1973
COmpyters
and autemation
VoL 22, No. 1l
November , 1973 STAATING JANUARY 1, 1974
compyters
and people
Editor Edmund C Berkeley
Assistant Barbara L Chaffee
Editors Linda Ladd Lovett
Neit D. Macdonald The Computer Industry
Softwre Stewvart B, Nelson Cooperative Facilities to Obtain the Advantages (T A]
Edittor of Computers
by Michael J: Cerullo, State University of York,
Adverticing Edmund C Berkeley Albany, N;Y,
Dbedor
How to plan, before operations begin, a cooperative service
Contributing Jhn Bennett bureau that will provide its sponsors with all the advantages
Edttors Mozes M. BerIin of electronic data processing; plus the advantages of greatly
Andtowv D. Booth reduced expenses:
Jhn W: Carr III
Ned Chapin 10 Control in Time-Sharing Systems (T A]
Leslie Mezei by Fermin Caro del Castillo , Fort Worth, Texas
Bernhard W: Romberg How time-shared computer systems should be controlled_
Ted Schoeters made secure, and protected against incursions and hazards
Richard E. Sprague
14 Alienation and the Systems Analyst (T A]
Advisory Ed Burnett by Alan E: Brill The Chase Manhattan Bank, York, N:Y
Committee Jmes J. Cryan How systems analysts are often looked upon as in a
Bernard Quint
m6 computer department and outside of the firm and
what might be done to correct this practice:
Editoriol Berkeley Enterprises, Inc
Offices 815 Washington St;
Computers and Art
Newtonville, Mass: 02160 18 Computer Art: The Search Beyond Manipulation [T A]
61 7-332-5453 by Grace C. Hertlein, California State University-Chico,
Chico, Calif.
Advertising The Publisher How computer art is ranging through variation in patterns
Contact Berkeley Enterprises, Ine variations in design, and varying philosophies of art
~ and
815 Washington St: where it may g0.
Newtonville, Mass: 02160
61 7-332-5453 Computers and the Future
20 Computers in Science Fiction L [NT A]
"Computers and AutomatIon' is pub by Marcia Ascher, Professor of Mathematics, Ithaca College,
Ibhed monthly. 12 Issues PBr Year at 815
Washington St , Nowronville, Mass 02160. Ithaca, N,Y
by Berkeley enterprises, Inc. Printed in
U.SA. Second Class Postage peid &t Boston, A survey of some two dozen themes of importance in
and additlonal maillng points the real world that &re reflected in science fiction when
Subecriptlon rotes: Unired States, $11.50
Ior one Year, 822.00 for two vears Canada:
astute writers explore the significance of computers to
ndd $1 vear; torelgn, a $6 8 year _ human beings:
Note: The ebove rates do not include
Our_publleation "The Computer Directory The Understanding of Natural Language by Computers [NT E]
and Buvers' Gulde" 1} vou olect to r0 colve 'The Computer Directorv ond Buvers' by Edmund C. Berkeley. Editor, Computer ad Automation
Gulde" Pleate add $12.00 Por_Year t0 vour Some rather convincing evidence suggests that before long
subecrIptlon rato In U.s. ondConada. ond
815,00 per vearelsewhere: some large areas of ordinary natural language will be un-
Pleate addreat B1i matl to: Berkoley derstood by computers:
enterprIeat, 815 Washington St, New-
tonvllle, Mass 02160 World Affairs and Social Policy
Pottmaeter: Pleare tnd 0/i forms 3579
0 Berkeley Enterprisen, Inc, 815 Washing 15 Strategy and Action on World Trade (NT A]
tn St: Newtonvllle, Mer02160.
Copvrlght 1973, by Berkelev Enter- by James H, Binger , Chairman, Honeywell Minneapolis,
prleas Inc Minn.
Change ot oddrest: if Your oddress
chenget; pleote tnd U} both Your now
Why it is important for the well-being of the people of
eddress 0nd Your old address (0s It 07 the United States to aid the international division of
Pears On the magazine address impriInt) , ond
sllow three weokg lor tho chanae tO bo
kabor and production: a discussion bv the head of a
New
New
Mats,
inc,
Inc ,
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The magazine 0f the design, applications, and implications of
Information processing systems and the pursuit 0f truth in
input, output, and processing, for the benefit of people.
World Affairs and Social Policy (continued)
33 Virtue, in Spite of Erroneous Conceptions (NT AJ
by J_ P. Frankel, Dean of the Faculty, Harvey Mudd
College, Claremont , Calif.
Which projects and problems should scientists work on?
and which projects and problems should receive support
by the government and which from other sources?
The Profession of Informatior Engineer and the Pursuit of Truth Front Cover Picture
3 ZUnsettling, Disturbing, Critiaal [NT F] Three eighth graders each from
Statement of policy by Computers &d Automation 0 different continent are working
3 The Pursuit of Important Truth [NT F] together to solve complex mathe-
by Edmund C. Berkeley, Editor matics problems. are at the
Four kinds of truth that are regularly unexplored and new United Nations International
unmentioned_ School, and are Laurence Ling May,
0 Chinese-Thai American; Catharina
36 Nixon and the Mafia Conclusion (NT AJ Nilson of Stockholm, Sweden; and
by Jeff Gerth, SunDance Magazine, San Francisco, Calif.
Arun Alagappan of India. The
The many connections of President Richard M Nixon minicomputer system is a gift from
with organized crime, scandal, etc: Digital Equipment Corp. more
26 Burying Facts and Rewiting History
~ II (NT AJ information, see page 43 of the
by Edmund C. Berkeley, Editor , Computers and Automation July 1973 issue:
Taken together the information published May 1970 to
November 1973 in Computers ad Automation effectively
destroys a large segment of the beliefs, the rewritten history,
Departments
that the establishment in the United States has arranged for 42 Acoss the Editor'$ Desk
the people in the United States to believe: Computing ad Data
28 Political Assassinations in the United States (NT R] Processing Newsletter
Inventory of 41 articles published in Computers ad 50 Advertising Index
Automation May 1970 to October 1973 on the assassi- 50 Calendar of Coming Events
nations of President John F_ Kennedy, Senator Robert 32 Classified Advertisement
Kennedy, Reverend Martin Luther King, and other polit- 48 Monthly Computer Census
iclly important persons in the United States: titles, 46 New Contracts
authors, and summaries. 47 New Installations
2 The Watergate Crimes [NT R) 23 Statement of Ownership
Inventory of 12 articles published in Computers and
Automation August 1972 to September 1973 on the
burglarizing of the Democratic National Committee offices (A] Article
in the Watergate Building, Washington, D.C , June 17_
[C] Mnthly Column
1972, and the ramifications: titles, authors, ad summaries.
Editorial (E)
Computers, Puzzles, and Games (F] Forum
35 Numbles [T C]
[NT] Not Technical
by Neil Macdonald (R) Reference
(T] Techniaal
Corrections
Notice For changes in "The Path to Championship Chess by Computer" by
Professor Donald Michie published in the January 1973 issue of '0 ON Your ADDRESS imprint
MEANS THAT Your Subscaip- Computers and Automation, see page 23 of this issue, or page 24 of
Tion INCLUDES ThE Computer
the July issue: directory _ 'N MEANS THAT
For changes in the reprinting and the indexing of "Communication your PresENT SubsCription
DOES NOT INCLUDE The Com: Three Wav: Chimnanzee Man. Comouter published in the Julv issue- di ITe D Oirectoav
They
For
Key
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EDITORIAL
The Understanding of Natural Language by Computers
Proposition: Computers are making strides towards mistake occurred, it would inquire of the human program-
understanding natural language as used by human mer what he meant, suggesting the correctly spelled alter-
beings, and will eventually understand such language native, and so on. In this way the human programmer was
as well as many human beings do. relieved of much of the burden of expressing himself ex-
What do we mean by: computers? understanding lan - actly ad correctly the first time, and his efficiency in
guage?-natural language? And what is the evidence for this using the LISP interactive program greatly increased_
proposition? The three articles "Computer Programming Using Natu-
rl Language by Edmund C. Berkeley, Andy Langer , and
The word "computers" here refers to powerful comput- Casper Otten, in the June, and August 1973 issues,
ers that have appropriate programs written by human be- demonstrated the understanding by a computer program
ings plus the programmed capacity to improve their prO- called GENIE of at least sme sets o instructions in ordi-
grams by using experience. An example of such improve- nary natural Janguage The vocabulary though small was
ment is Dr . A. L. Samuels' famous checker-playing prO- free; and there was unlimited freedom in putting the words
gram, which cn learn from experience, and which plys together _ with about a 907 chance of complete under-
far better checkers than Dr. Samuels himsekf can play. standing: The computer program that did this could be
The experience may consist of the following at least: called 1S% GENIE, because_ as the authors emphasized , it
Answers from human beings to questions by was still in an early stage of development.
the computer; The article "Latest Computers See, Hear, Speak, and
Differences between computed results and & priori and Outthink Man" by David Brand, in the
specified results; October 1973 issue, enumerated many instances of com-
Signals from the environment, such 2s instrument puters (and robots equipped with computers) which could
readings; deal with concepts expressed in natural language: One of
Information obtained by *looks" at the environment_ the programs mentioned could for example decipher natu-
2s for example recognition of the character A, as ral Janguage commands dealing with the stacking of blcks
in optical character recognition;_ of various shapes, sizes, and colors.
The interpretation of words, as with FORTRAN ex-
pressions_ The main tasks for understanding natural language ap-
Frobably there are even more categories of experience pear to be the following:
which a powerful computer program can use to modify it- Recognition of the framework of a sentence;
self to become even a better program: Recognition of the common meaning of groups of
In regard to "understanding language there are Over synonyms, the collection of words that 66 'say
S00 Janguages which computers have been programmed to the same thing" 9a
understand , when written precisely according to stated Knowledge of context= the context is regularly
rules: among them, BASIC, FORTRAN, COBOL, many specified to the computer_ So that it does not
kinds of machine language, etc_ have to deduce the context from "what is being
~Natural language is the ordinary language used by hu- said"
Man beings, subject to the requirement that for a computer Knowledge of a limited vocabulary consisting of per-
implicit understandings must be stated. For example, when 300 to SOO words knowledge in the sense
speaker exclaims *Ouch!' a great deal of the meaning that the computer program cn attach meaning to
comes from the Iistener'$ observations of the speaker . But the words either by themselves or in phrases, as
computer, like a blind man, cannot the situation, for example it may attach the meaning of
and must be tol more than the ordinary. listener. something three times to the numeral 3;
Capacity to accept variation in the way something is
With some definitions taken care of, let uS consider evi- stated by a human programmer .
dence for the main proposition stated above_ This evidence The three articles referred to above show instances of
includes the information published in several recent ar- the achievement of all of these tasks separately _ Combin-
ticles in Computers and Automation ing all the achievements should not be too hard , especially
06 The article Do What Mean The Programmer'$ As- since children as young as four years old show complete
sistant ` Warren Teitelman, in the April 1972 issue, apacities to listen to many kinds of natural knguage, un-
described a 66 'programmer'$ assistant called "DWIM" : this derstand, and respond.
was a "Yront end" or preprocessor to an interactive pro-
gam for operating with LISP expressions. The front end E4~aC_ Bvhad
was tolcrant of the programmer'$ mistakes in typing, in low-
long
July,
posed
Sing May
haps
#see doing
by
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The Notebook on
COMMON SENSE, ELEMENTARY AND ADVANCED
is dewoted to development, exposition, and illustration of what
may be the Most important of a|i fields of knowledge:
WHAT IS GENERALLY TRUE AND IMPORTANT
TECHNIQUES
JUDGEMENt SCIENCE For COMMON SENSE WISDOM AND In SOLVING MATuRiTy GENERAL
PROBLEMS
teclniques SOME PARTS SOME PARTS AVOIDANCE
#or OF Of OF
AvOidiNG OPERATIONS SYSTEMS LOGICAL
MISTAKES RESEARCH ANALYSIS FALLACIES
Topic: Topic:
PURPOSES: THE SYSTEMATIC SYSTEMATIC EXAMINATION
to help you avoid pitfalls PREVENTION OF MISTAKES Of GENERAL CONCEPTS
to prevent mistakes before they happen Already Published Already Published
to display new paths around old obstacles Preventing Mistakes from: The Concept of: to point out new solutions to old problems
Failure to Understand Expert to stimulate your resourcefulness
to increase your accomplishments
Forgetting Rationalizing
to improve your capacities Unforeseen Hazards Feedback
Placidity Model to help you solve problems
to give you more tools to think with To Come Black Box
Evolution
Preventing Mistakes from: Niche
Camouflage To Come
REASONS TO BE INTERESTED IN THE FIELD OF Interpretation Strategy
COmMON SENSE, Wisdom, AND GENERAL SCIENCE Distraction Understanding
Gullibility Teachable Moment
COMPUTERS are important Failure to Observe Indeterminacy
But the computer field is over 25 vears old: Here is & new Failure to Inspect System
field where You can get in on the ground floor to make Prejudice Operational Definition
your mark.
MATHEMATICS is important
But this tield is more important than mathematics, because
common sense, wisdom, and general science have more
epplications
(may be copied On #y piece of paper) WISDOM is important To: Computers and Automation
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Cooperative Facilities to Obtain
the Advantages of Computers
Michael J. Cerullo
Asst: Professor of Accounting
State Univ. of New York at Albany
1400 Washington Ave:
Albany, NY. 12222
"Because of general dissatisfaction, 30% of the surveyed service bureau clients
planned to discontinue using service bureaus:
Computer Use The study elso disclosed that because of the gen -
eral dissatisfaction, 30, of the surveyed service
A recent study of 2,500 companies conducted by bureau clients planned to discontinue using service
the Research Institute of America _ revea led that" 552 bureaus and purchase in-house computers.4
of the firms regularly use computers in conducting
their business . Further breakdown of the study Cooperative Service Bureaus
shows that an average of 32, own or Jease their own
computers and 237 use an outside service bureau for Both non-users and dissatisfied service bureau
processing data_ clients_ therefore offer a ready market for a newer
approach to obtaining the advantages of EDP the
Whi le a majority of the companies surveyed do use forma tion of a cooperative service bureau A coop-
computers in some form, a significant 45% , 0f the re- erative service bureau consists of several sponsor-
spondents do not use any type of c omputerized data firs who jointly own a computer and share in
processing service Those companies cited the fol- its operating costs at a much lower expense than in-
Iowing reasons for not using computers :2 dividual ownership 0f a computer. If carefully
Planned before operations begin, a cooperative ser-
Per Cent vice bureau will provide its sponsors with al] the
Operation too sma ) ] 50 advantages of EOP plus many other advantages unique
Too cost ly 35 to jointly-shared facilities and personne]_
Looked into and tabled for the present
Present methods satisfactory
21
Among these additional advantages are
Plan to install a computer within a 8
year 1 The sponsors would purchase a computer tai-
Plan t0 begin using 8 service bureau 8 Jored t0 their specific needs ,
within a year 2 wou Id have exclusive use of the computer.
Other 43 3 Their computer wou ld be avai lable for use at
any time
Total (multiple answers) 166x could share the costs 0f any computer
programs developed
Service Bureau Use 5. They cou Id share the costs of any package or
canned computer programs purchased
In addition t0 the non-users , another recent 6. They would have available for their exclusive
study revea Jed that Mo st service bureau clients are use a staff 0f data processing experts and
not effectively using thejr service bureau and a$ computer at 8 {raction 0f the cost of
result_ are receiving few, if eny 0f the advan- Jndividua] ownership .
tages of electronic data processi ng (EDP) _ Most
0f the surveyed service bureau clients were:3 Fectons Insuring the Success ot the Cooperative
1 Receiving routine services which do not save The first step in forming a successfu] coopera -
them money tfve service bureau ` is to eno] an appropriate num - 2. Not planning t0 expand into more sophisticated , ber 0f comapnies Idea lly the cooperative shou ld be
higher-payoff pplications Jimi ted [0 five or six sponsoring firms A larger
3 . Not receiving indirect benefits and savings number may create VE Inmanageable problems involving
such a5 roved information for decision opera t ions , communications, contro] scheduling 0f
making_ computer time and So forth . A sma ) Jer number may
Not satisfied with current services make the venture economica lly unfeasible.
ing
They
They
impe
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13-00000
Lck 0t Interest disinterested third party , such a5 a {irm 0f inde-
pendent public accountants
At Ihe present tIme widespread lack of Interest
Jolning 8 cooperative Js more 0f a problem to Sharing ol Expenses: Startup Costs
(iiol organizers than too much demand The author
08{ #Cled 8 number 0f public accounting {irms about With an adequate number 0f sponsoring firms ]ined
fcasibility 0f forming cooperatives and found up an a sound security system worked out the third
(hree firms who had 8 Iready made such an at- necessity in establishing a successful cooperative
0t
could Dot iterest enough firms to join. Their Is to determine methods of sharing the expenses _
Tpi There are two categories of costs t0 consider :
Ordcd[ $ were :
Ce ried {0 organize one several years ag0 = 1. Startup "costs These include a11 costs incur-
(he (irms contacted were not interested _ red prior t0 the time that the cooperative commence5
operations Startup costs are either direct ly
Ne would like to explore this possibility traceable to a particular firm 0r are joint or Com -
bu | we can L_ get anyone else interested Don to a1l firms _ An example of a direct cost wou Id
be that of analyzing modifying. and redesigning 0f
At present there appears to be a tragic lack systems prior to conversion to the computer. An ex-
Interest Locally by other 'CPA firms_ ample o a joint or common cost would be the cost of
computer housing_ including air conditioning engi -
Cnquestionably , one reason for the lack 0f inter- neering supervision, false floors ducts and pipes ,
Sst Is 0 @i sunderstanding of the true nature 0f a
tranformers or motor generators cabling and wiring
cooperative _ Interested companies Mu st therefore be and overhead racks and supports_
prepared t0 sell the idea to others As more pub-
M|shed @a terial becomes available in the field, this Each sponsoring ffrm should pay for its own di-
Probled should be alleviated _ rect costs Joint costs shou ld be shared equally or
aPportioned aong the firms according to some equi-
Confidential Information table formula .
Operating Costs
second major reason for lack of interest is
Ina[companies fear for the contro] and security 0f 2. Operating costs, These inc lude the monthly
Iacir conf idential or sensitive information . Such a hardware and software costs t0 operate the coopera-
concern [$ certainly legitimate and underscores the tive. Hardware costs refer to the periodic rental
srd {0r a cooperative that is t0 be successful, t0 or purchase charge for the computer equipment As a derfse an adequate system for qua_ contro] and minimum the computer equipment consists 0f an input
secufity. A committee responsible for such a system unit, a central processing unit, and an output unit_
sou Jd be establi shed at the outset by the sponsor- Software costs inc lude personnel costs programming
Igg {iras costs testing and debugging costs magnetic tapes
disc packs _ punched cards paper paper tapes; re - Protection parts _ power _ telecommunication lines , and S0
On . One of its duties shou ld be to adequately safe-
guard the sponsors records and documents against Operating costs that are directly traceable {ire , theft, water and other hazards and disasters _ should be paid by the using firm. Joint 0r common Siatistics compi led by the Safe Manufacturers Na - costs can be shared equa Ily or can be allocated t0 (Ioaa ) Association show that about one-half of com- each firm based on the number of transactions pro - Paaies whose important records and documents were cessed OI the actua] computer processing time used destroyed through some catastrophe never resumed during the period. In addition, if s0 desired a Dusjness 0r were permanently closed down within six sponsor could be required to pay a minimum or maxi- Bo0 {A$ an additiona] 13% suffered serious economic
|epaf rmen t and were able to remai n in business only
mum monthly charge _
uader severe operating handicaps.5 For this reason Management
Int quality control and security commi ttee must see (da { Ehe cooperative service bureau maintains _ Fourthly , the sponsoring companies shou ld decide
protective devices bow to manage the venture . It is advi sable to form
{Ireproof vaults committee t0 oversee the managemen t and operation
dethod 0f reconstructing any destroyed 0f the cooperative A decision must be made whether
records each member regardless of size should have one vote
adequate insurance t0 cover loss of impor- Or whether another basis of voting should be used
tant client records or documents This decision shou ld assure participants that no one
firm wil] dominate or control the cooperative_ Ihe commi ttee must also take measures to prevent
O06 client $ records from becomi ng commi ngled With Common Line of Business
'ootner client 5 records a not-unlikely occurrence
0 suca an environent A factor not to be overlooked when forming a co-
operative , one which will avoid frustrations , COm - Freventing Disclosure Plfcations and extra expenses_ is to see that each
wember Is in the same industry or busi ness category f the commf ttee should determine how t0 Thus a1l sponsoring firms winl have simi lar operat- Ptetent disclosure of confidential ipformation. For ing problems that can be simultaneously solved by eie no member Of any sponsoring company should the computer Personne L , resulting in the a]locat ion Jloned in certain strategic parts 0f the COm - 0f sma ] ler costs to each firm for each problem putet ceater. Likewi se , each company 5 records so lved _ Also computer programs developed 0r pack- sovId be coded and the code numbe r known only to aged programs purchased can be shared by a1l spon - acy computer center pers onne l _ In cases requiring sors with minimum modifications thus resulting in #ooi
{ securily , the actua] processing of da ta considerable programming cost savings Id be @onitored by a key employee of the Com - Potcr center or possibly by a representative 0f 1 (please turn to page 13)
Po -
lity
Pair
Ina } Jy ,
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13-00000
Control in Time-Sharing Systems
Fermin Caro del Castillo
6043 Westridge Lane
Fort Worth, Texas 76116
~A tima-sharing installation (like every cmputer environment) is exposed to the seven major
dangers: water , theft, fraud, sabotage, equipment malfunctions, &nd human ettors_
Introduction few Of the companies which survived and which
account for most of today 5 time-sharing business
This article has as its main objective to furnish are Rapidata Corporation, Teletype Corporation (a
and define some methods and provisions for control subsidiary of ATGT) _ Tymeshare Incorporated (the
and security in a C omputer time-sharing environment _ largest 1 ndependent firm and second Only in size 10
IBM and Honeywell time-sharing operations) and IBM
It is evident that Ce omputer time-sharing has be-
come very Popular during recent years _ More and Jerry Dreyer _ executive president of ADAPSO , an
@ore confidential information is being handled by "association of data processing service organizations
these systems crea ting an urgent need for S strong estimates that one time-sharing company out of three
measures Of control and security. was profitable in 1971, two out of five in 1972, and
probably three out of six in 1973_ Nowadays this
Description of the System computer facility is coming back to its original
trend _ and it is expected that the number of com- The service provided by a single computer to many puters with termina ] s wi grow from 32 at the end telecomunications terminals has been called "com- Of 1971 to 45% at the end 0f 1975, wi th the average Puter time-sharing With this type of service each central processing unit driving 15 to 20 terminals _
user shares simultaneously in the processing capa-
bflities of the central processor This new com- One consultant, Creative Strategies of Palo Alto, puter facility makes this service avai lable to sma] ] California, predicts that t ime-sharing sales by 1976
companies and /or other users who have little need Wil] increase to 2 billion from 331 mi ]ion las - for their own C omputer. yeat By 1975 , says ADAPSO S Dreyer _ time-sharing
will account for 1/3 of the 54.5 billion computer Computing services that may go under the heading services industry.
of tIme-sharing inc lude
Commercial computing text editing; databank Technologiaal Advances
Information retrieval services ; application Host Important technological advances have been services such as colleges records, inventory achieved recent ly on on-line terminals linked t0 control, payrolls Of sma ] ] companies, and ac - centtal processors. Some of the improvement $ made
count recei vables administrative messages include solid state keyboards _ which have greater switching and collection services and more _ reliabi and Jower cost visual display methods _
which incorporate more capacity economy and aes- Among the great number of time-sharing users are thetic appeal non-impact printing techniques which hospitals (Welch Hospital, one of the biggest in provide faster_ quieter and more reliable opera- Europe has acquired the large ICL 1904S computer tions improved lower cost memories more powerful with 7020 terminals) . bank s Gosbank _ the na t j ona ]
bank of the USSR, has ordered two large-scale Honey- logic capability; and faster and more accurate
Nel] series 600 with 100 termina]s) _ schools and
modern techniques and improvements in centra] Proc _
essor software. colleges (British schools and colleges have started
uSing terminals) airlines (Continental Airlines
uses the Sonic 360 reservation System with 550 on-
This Is oly the beginning _ It is foreseen tha t
line termina}s) _
In the future the equipment itself will change in
nature and wi 11 probably not be recognizable as Trends terminals per se _ Rather, terminals wi ] be modu-
lar systems c onsisting 0f the required input /0u! put
The growth in computer time-sharing has been phe- functions for specific jobs _ built around basic con- domena] in recent years in spite of a short business troller and communication interfaces in many in- recession between 1970 and 1972 Time sharing was 8 stances, terminals will bec ome specia] purpose de-
broker s dream in the 60s many c ompanies realized vices _
fts Potential, entered the market _ and failed be- Hazards
cause of : one strong c ompetitive pressure _ and two
because of the count less thefts and violations suf- A time-sharing installation, like every computer
fered . The highly C ompetitive situa tjon benef i ted environment, is exposed to the seven major dangers
the user in regard to pricing, but the Offset- of fire_ water theft , fraud sabotage _ EDP equip-
consequence 0f ower profits caused a high casuaity ment malfunc tions and human errors Fire is con-
rate among these C ompanies _ As 0 result, the number sidered to be the greatest threat t0 magnet ic tapes _
0f time-sharing firms dropped from 150 t0 50 between Water does not constitute an important hazard o 1969 and 1972 , magnetic tapes_ but It does 10 c omputer insta} Ja-
fire ,
lity
ting
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Trc ( ( , (raud , sabotage , EDP equipment ma]- clude each Of the following segments physical se -
00 ond human errors are considered the most curity; Personnel security; procedural security
I e88, audit control; insurance; and any needed interfac ing. dangcrs ,
O-Ilec teralne]$ connected t0 central processors The quality and Jevel 0f protection required de -
Poines are more exposed to violatfons Pends on the sensitivity of the data handled Never-
',786 The [ncreasing popularity of time- theless, contro] and security in a time-sharing en-
c@s anong lerge corporations and ser- vironment should enc Ompass the whole system, since Feu;
has given rise to even more potential it Is we] ] known that even the strongest control
sriy brcaches. Da ta transmi tted over a Com- measures can be violated at the weakest Point , These
|o0 Mine could be subjec t to wire tapping and Measures should be taken in the central Processing
KT o{ other hazards such as Plggyback entry, unf t, software Personnel , conunicatjon lines ,_ the
Ih} (ne Intruder {ntercepts and C ompromi ses terminal , and Its users
cat[on between 8 termina] and the processor
Jcgl ( Inate user is inactive but stil] hold- Mettods and Provisions
Mlne open . The Intruder can even cance} Central Arocessing Unit
ct sIgn-Of { signa] and continue %perating
Q0rt2 a knowledgeable person could enter
The central processor is threatened mostly by
chenges from a termina] and Play havoc with sabotage, fire, wa ter theft _ EDP equipment ma ]) -
functions human accidental errors and environmen-
((a, tal problems _
Nead for Protection
The computer center of any company is the heart
Duc (0 (he {ncreasing popularity of computing of the organization , and protection of the equip-
Jcuiccs the Issue Of control and security pro- ment against these threats can be provided by a
Ic< ( | 00 has bec ome more Important _ It is evident carefuily planned c omputer room . Luis Scoma Presi-
6ooi lec-sharing systems present few: obstac les t0 dent of Data Processing Security; Inc recomends
ouinorlzed parties . The security problem has been tha t the computer center be located out of the Rajn
edo auc h @ore cri tical by the growing number Of traffic areas It Must be fireproof , dustfree_ and
Feplc tralned in computers and by the fading of the wa " terproof and provided with temperature and humid-
Eyoicr mystiquc_ In addition, communication by ity contro] and carbon dioxide fire extinguishers
0} of [ime-sharing Systems has no more protection Water lines should not run through the computer
IcJephone conversations or Morse-coded methods Toom . A separate, fireproof storage area should be
ic6 Ibe (echnological skills necessary to inter- provided for data files documentation and oper-
I8( € omputerized data are widespread , More and ating supplies_ It should also have 0 larm devices
ocpanies are appointing security monitors {rom sensitive to magnetism, humidity hea t pressure
EIDI' staf f $ t0 centralize security matters . dust_ theft, power blackout_ etc There should be
de organizal Ions such a5 the American Management strong access contro] including armed guards_
Jeio |o t f on and the Bank Admini stratfon Institute_ fenced areas TV monitors, personnel identification
#uicr (Irms and research firms such a5 Advance- (visual , voice print _ fingerprint , badge, passwords
Yanagement Research, Inc find their seminars etc.), well-performed maintenance service_ and a (Oxpuier security overcrowded by data processing number of extra provisions for protection.
ub*Qcrs and security officers from business and
Jotetdreat S Data Processing Security, Inc . has developed for
Tareet ot Attacks high security necessities an electronically oper-
ated double door entry system for access contro] in- Cocpulers have become n importent source of in- to the C omputer room_ When a person enters the buf -
(orsifo ad, as a result the target of many at- fer zone _ the door locks behind him while he is sub-
v[_ Sone of the general information targets for jected to electronic search. If something is de-
Nuftrla] espi onage are sa les and service informa- tected, the system freezes and automatically alerts
warket ana Iysis strategies bid prices_ cor - the security guard The second door can be opened
porfc 'Inance , stockholder information , lega ] ne- only with a special badge key.
907[2! Jons _ PJanned policy changes, expansion plans
Pfojuc ( development $ Personne] changes, payroll A carbon dioxide (C02) fire extinguishing system
0i0_ genera] administrative matters and the list such as the one installed at the Chase Mlanha tan eGJd be expanded even more , Bank 5 New York City headquarters has proved use -
ful_ Engineered by Walter Kidde 6 Co_ Inc this
Threats system uses a battery of remotely located cylinders
cose O[]an 18 year-old Cincinnati youth who
containing the liquid gas. Men activated by smoke
Med dfstance teiephone to tap the lines of detectors the gas discharges and bui lds up an in-
"c-shoring system firm
in Louisville, Kentucky ert a tmosphere in the imediately surrounding area
4 ertrcted data from its ledgers , as We]] as Tec -
extinguishing the fire without damaging equipment or
{0i o} Its cus [Omers , i$ representative of the type data fi Employees can go back t0 work within
Mo (0 chich computer installatfons are exposed_ five minutes after the fire has' been put out and the
ventilation systems restarted ,
kcIdeats can have serious consequences
such a5 ec foc Idcnt Jn which income tax return records for Another fire-fighting system which has been de-
Wn Bcre erased by energy emitted from the radar 0f veloped by the Ansu] Company uses Ha extingui sh-
worby al rport In Austin, Texas _ ing agents which are discharged in the form 0f J colorless, odorless and non-t oxic ga5 Since Halon
Safeguards agents do not work by diluting oxygen, they are
Jt Jo Ne] -suited for areas. where humans are present . Ieportant t0 consider that to0 much control ' Ioo qany security safeguards can become bother- The Guaranty Bank and Trust Co. of Worcester,
Gr ond cost ly. The measures to protect data from Mas $ _ has adopted another approach to fire-fight ing , ""horlzed eccess vary from one system to another. system Installed by Security Control Systems which
Icc
t0 Richard F_ Cross, Security Office for detects fire , smoke and excessi ve temperatures and or tw Yurk_ securitv SVstams shon d in- humiditv fluctuations and causes a monitorinu and
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reporting device to alert four pre-selected phone become virtually nonexistent within the near future
numbers for help. end this system wi ]] bec ome even more popular_
Software
Telephone Jines are vulnerahle to three types 0f
Protection 0f data files whether in the form of security problems wire tapping, piggyback and
user 8 sign-Of f signa] cancellation. These common punch cards magnetic tapes or discs _ is the key
threat $ may be avoided by the use of a vacy element in any computer facility.
transforma t j on method (also called scramb lers 0r
Some specific examples of software security con-
cryptographic techniques ) This is a non-singular
(reversible) operation which conceals the original
trol measures are audit trai access regulations_
ei ther by the substitution of new characlers_
strong supervi sion of computer opera { Ors the use message
ement of the charac ters, or by the adding of
and contro] of programs utilizing program documen- rearrange
tation methods _ the use of a for al) significant strings of digits to the origina] message
event$ (such a5 user identification _ ile use and Some new techniques for encrypting data have
at tempts of unauthorized use) regulations to pre-
vent unauthorized personnel from browsing through evolved such as high speed transmi on and signa]
the files and the use of a semi-automatic data: in- scrambling _ In spite of al] 0f these new tech-
ontrol tem. niques it is still Possible to intercept and tap ventory C sys the Information . According to Tuckerman , unauthor-
Ized users (intruders) who possess oly limi ted Ma - Rersonnel
terial and information with which t0 work , can read -
Physical control a5 t0 who is a]lowed near the ily extract the original text of enciphered meS -
computer and the files is advisable Note that this sages by making use of the speed, capacity, and
does not mean "_ 'employees on ] - it Implies a carefu] C omputationa ] abilities 0f the computer_
screening of employees repairmen, and visitors t0
determi ne which of them should be allowed this prox- The greater the efficiency of the privacy trans-
imity t0 the system. Intimately involved with time- formation, the more difficult it becomes for unauth-
sharing installations are three types 0f personne ] orized copying Of files
opera [OrS , programmers and maintenance engineers Access Control
According t0 Dennis Van Tassel_ mathematician and
bead programer at San Jose State Co] al] oper _ Access to the system throughout the communication
atorS must understand that there exists a protection lines should be controlled by the centra] processing
philosophy If personnel are expected to help en-
unit and by the user S own procedures This is pos -
force and to comply with this protection phi losophy_ sible by cryptographic and scramble techniques _ pet-
it must be clearly defined and specified _ sonne] regulations_ user identification, appropriate
terminal location, or by ciphering and deciphering
It Is advisable to use the following provisions hardware
for personne] contro] control of logs and monitor
division of responsibilities rotation of duties_ Computer software packages have been written to
adequate supervision to reduce the risk of ]osses cipher data transmi ssions . Ciphering software is
caused by accident or error_ careful handling of an attractive technique because it can be done auto-
data files _ cleanliness regulations contro] aCcess matically by the program which creates the data and
t0 private files, and appropriate instruction in at very 1Ow cost Only programs using the match-
case 0f disasters_ deciphering technique are able to use this data _
These special hardware cipher devices can be located
Terminals at the terminal and at the C omputer to protect
transmi tted data _
Some of the most common pitfalls encountered
when using termina]s are frequent communication in- Scramblers or voice privacy devices are currently
terruptlons risk 0f communication interception, being used by people who readily acknowledge the in-
dIfficult access control, and noisy lines . security of transmitted information. Scramb lers are
used by large corporations such as the 0i ] industry
the greatest disadvantages of time-sharing as Wel] as by union representatives during contrac
services are those in connection with the communi- negotiation iime (Sc rambJe phones are current ly a
cation lines which link the terminal s t0 the centra] 20 to 30 mi on-dollar business exc luding law en-
processing unit. Telephone lines are designed for forcement and mi litary purchases) Scramble devices
voice comunication rather han data communication , are now being built for ime-sharing operations _
and the results have been that such lines are t00 These devices Offer protect ion simi lar to encryption_
noisy and have too many interruptions for appropri- Scramblers convert da ta ito something resembling
ate handling 0f data communication. channe] noise or a ma]functioning circuit.
There have been s Ome recent developments in the Other features for terminals include print in-
Improvement of data transmi ssions Be l 1 System has hibit_ security keylock_ operator identification
developed its Digital Da t a Service (DDS ) _ a data card reader_ and the use 0f a termina ] identifier_
transmission system which has been introduced early Wi th print inhibit the termina ] operator can enter
this year in five cities (New York _ Bos t on , Phi la- data _ such a$ security passwords without its being
delphie, Washing t on , and Chicago) ; and _ by the end physically displayed_ A physical key lock can be at-
0f 1974 twenty-four cities are expected [0 have it_ tached to the termina] which wi ]) nof alJow the
Bel) further pians to provide cont inuous moni toring entry of data The operat or identification card
of their DDS channels When errors of transmission reader reads magnetica}ly encoded informa ion on 8 are detected, DDS wi ll notify the customer_ Deci- magnetic strip card _ The card can be used t0 supply
sion on retransmissjon wi ]] be the cus omer S re- the user 5 password and/or name
sponsibi lity _ Another development in data C onuni -
cat fon is DUV (data under voice) By late 1973 this Di rec t access device security features inc lude
Lechni que wi ]] be in service between Ncw York and ffle mask volume detection, and write-exhibit
Chicago; consequent ly , c ommunication prob lems should SwI tch . The file ma sk contro]s or allows' Tcad-only
pri-
15,
Jog
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lege ,
ing
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1li
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med-ErI(6 access t0 data sets The volume de- Dickey, C. Lewis. "Securing the Computer. Journal 0f
Ich alerts the control program when the Systems_Management . Vol , 23, No. 2, February, 1972_
100 Increased ; this protect s data from being "Distributed Intelligence in Data Communication.
Iro upom . Thi $ switch provides additional pro_ EDP Analyzer- Vol. 11, No . 2, February_ 1973.
Kiie (Or reed-only volumes _ "The Emerging Computer Networks EDP Analyzet:
Insuranca Vol. 11, No, 1, January 1973.
Girsdansky M. B. "Cryptology the Computer, and
Jbte security measures fail, the use 0f EDP Data Privacy_ Computers_nd Automation. Vol .
{Jrcg c8n back-up %r soften the blow. Every 21 , No. 4 , April= 1972.
DF}s orPerson who now has an in-house computer_ Goldstein, Seth. A New Life for Time-Sharing.
(cs 0r is 8 user 0f a serrice bureau , 0r trans_ Dun " 8, Vol. JOL _ No. 1,, January 1973.
dji (0 a data center should be computer-secur- Hebditch, D. 'La "A Simple Terminal Language for
(onsc iOuS _ Insurance is one 0f the back-up Da tabase . Computer_Bulletin. Vol. 16, No . 1
Jefrs i( prevention fails_ However , not a1l January , 1972
18cj$ can af ford or even need an elaborate and Koehn, Hank E. Are Companies Bugged about Bugging?"
'7fa ivc security system; thus _ evaluation 0f the Journal 0f_Systens_Wanagement. Vol . 24 , No. 1,,
Germsa{ Ion becomes necessary to determine those January, 1973.
T{(iods 0f the system which require this protection. Murphey , Wayne E. and Daniel V. Olson . "Controlling
Access to Large Tape Files Qata Processing
subject matter 0f ordinary insurance coverage Magazine. Vol_ 14, No . 1, Spring 1972.
Poyscal damnage {0 tangible property_ In this Sal zman Roy M. and Arthur D. Little "An Outlook
Oic (waro' and data are not covered_ Business for the Terminal Industry in the United States.
erituption insurance protects you in the event 0f Data Processing_Digest _ Vo. 18 , No_ 1, January
Yirc OT other interruptions to norma] business but 1972 .
{50 Mo ( cover the consequences _ Boiler ion "Security in Data Processing _ Data Processor:
jomfcirs which als0 insure other heating mi shaps do Vol . 16, No_ 1, February _ 1973.
#i coret conputer operations _ Theft and employee Simis , I. L. "Telephone Service; The Rules of the
Jiiaodcs ly are also insured in terms of general Game When the Game is Changing Computers_and
Valuable papers and records coverage pro- Automation Vol. 21 , No. 12, December, 1972.
Jcb prolection in the event 0f destruction of such "Toward Distfibuted Computing EDPIndustry_Re-
Jinvibles a5 notes and account receivable records pOrt. Vol . 7_ No . 6, January 17 1972.
J( Jovs not incJude such computer media as valuable Van Tassel, Dennis _ Computer_Security_Management.
Rontt} . Public liability insures the company for Englewood Cliffs N.Ja Prentice-Hall, 1972.
Jc [ $ or omi ssion 0f acts which give rise to Zaiden , Dennis J "Special EDP Insurance= Who Needs
(blas by outsiders against the company _ It?" Data Processing_Maqazine: Vol . 14 , No .
Spring, 1972.
6
Insurance can prevent an unfortunate event from
Ecoing 3 catast rophe . When a person buys an in- Cerullo Continued trom page 9
otnco he knows that he will be indemnified
Jos $ does OccuI Frocedure for Withdrawal
Sixth, 8 procedure should be established for
S05' 0f the insurance companies which write EDP withdrawal from the cooperative If the Withdraw_
mMcics are the Saint Pau] Fire and Marine Insur- ing firm has no t been a member for a predetermined
Jy Co, Insurance Company Of North America, The time perhaps one or two years a sliding scale
mo Insurance Co. and Royal Assurance of America pena_ fee for withdrawal should be established .
Jnswrance premi ums generally correspond to the Frocedure for Admission
Irgular fire policy rates plus an added loading fac-
{0t (0r the additional EDP perils . Finally procedures must be determined to govern
the admi sSion 0f new members into the cooperative _
[adoubtedly Perhaps a unanimou $ affirmative vote by current mem - any computer installat regardless bers should be required to admit a new member_ The {Fc and Jevel o0f its security system, current members should also decide if a newly admit- Aaut 'pproach the state 0f no risk 0f Joss _ Se-
Miy 1$ bascd
ted member should be required to pay a predetermined
on 8 'cost-benefit" concept ; in portion 0f the cooperative 5 startup costs and if iBct bords the cost 0f violating the system should the cooperative should limit membership to firms 0f 9tcdict than the gain derived therefrom. the same approxinate size as current members
References Conclusion
4l! Aboul Tlae-Sharing Services . Data Processing With due care taken in following the above steps
Wlocu: Fo} _ 18 , No. 3, March, 1972. establishing a successfu] cooperative service bureau
Jef : N. "The Termina] that Thinks for should be relatively easy Companies would be well
Wocl ( CompuLer Decisions. Vol . 5 , No . 1, advised to consider the idea seriously, for cooper- Jauoy. 1973. ative service bureaus offer a viable and in many ways su- 0{1n, Peter, 'Software Security. Data_Proces - Perior alternative t0 the more costly inhouse computer
Wpu-s. Vo) . 18 , No . 4, Aprilg 1972. and the less satisfactory outside service bureau. 1i7,tjn, Uronis K. "Pri and Protection in Op-
inv Systems Computer . Vol.- 6, No . 1 ,
Foothotes
1973,
1_ Conputers in Business: An_RIA Survey_0f Users and
Ki9{as
'How Safe is Your System?" Nonusers (New York: Research Institute 0f Ameri-
(L
nLViqesL . Vol . 18 , No . 4, April, ca _ 7969) _ 4.
24
rederik W ters and Cryptology 2. Ibid_ Pa
1
(~
230n . Fo} , 19_ No_ 1,, January 1973. 3. Michae] J. Cerullo_ "Service Bureaus User Ap- 3.4170 Vol . 16, No_ 6, June , 1972_ praisel _ Datamation, Vol. 18 , May 1972, P. 06 . 0:!~ Vo . 16, No_ 10 , October, 1972. 4 Ibid 89 _ "{.ot^ In Data Transmission. EDP_AnaLyzer. 5.
ADAfso Bighth
Management Symposium. "How t0 Op-
, No. 3,0 March, 1973. erate a Service Bureau for Profits 1963, P. 49_
N
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explosz
po] _ cy,
lty
ion,
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01{{or (rey
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J
Jonusry ,
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00a' "Compu
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Alienation and the Systems Analyst
Alan E. Brill
Supervising Systems Analyst
The Chase Manhattan Bank NA:
New York, NY. 10005
"Systems analysts must be seen &S full-fledged members of the firm:
Wall of Managerial Attitudes the system design process , should put them in the
management spotlight. Instead the system analyst
In @ost large organizations, the systems and data finds that he ha $ been gfven the indelible label of
'processing departments are separated from the rest computer person and that his upward mobility i$
Of the fir by a wa 11 of Ma inagerial attitudes . While limited to the systems department . As a result ,
employees In most jobs are encouraged to gain a wide systems analysts leave the firm, and often Jeave the
variety Of experience in various departments as they systems profession .
rise through various management Ievel s, it is rare
that a systems ana lyst or a programmer is given an If companies hope to attract and hold talented
equal opportunity. The general attitude is "He 5 a personnel for their systems activities need
computer man , not a manager (or a businessman , OT a to offer them an equal chance to develop to their
banker) . He wouldn tfit in. Besides he 5 doing a full potential_ must be seen as full-fledged
good job where he is. @embers 0f the firm not as consultants who are
here today _ but who cou ld move on tomorrow
As a result, the analyst has exact ly no motiva -
tion t0 think 0f himself as an insurance man or a
Experience in Systems
bu sinessman or a banker, or an accountant . He is As businesse $ come more and more to depend upon
made t0 feel like a consultant He can serve the data processing to support their operations it
organizat Ion , bu t he isn t {ree t0 Move within it_ winl be desirable for a si Ignificant number 0f ma n -
To make matters worse some firms rotate the people agement team members to have experience in systems
in their management deve lopment programs through a Yet, by their actions_ managements have forced many
stint in the systems department . Il is little won- talented people t0 avoid beginning their careers in
der that there i5 a high turnover in systems ana - data processing for fear 0f becoming stereotyped
lysts The company does very little to make him
fee] like a member of the fami ly . So it would seem that a number 0f the problems
Potential Source of Talent that businesses face in their systems activities are
result 0f a regrettable but widespread management
But beyond the problems brought about by the Per- attitude _
sonne ] turbu Jence the firm is ignoring 8 potential
source 0f fine manageria] talent Many analysts Only when systems analysts are regarded as having
Joi ning major corporations hold degrees as Master potential for advancement t0 positions in genera]
Business Admini stration . Their educational back- management , and are given an equa] chance to rise in
grounds _ when combined with their ability to objec- the organization will the systems man lose his: al- tively define problems and see solutions, and the fenation and see hiaself a5 8 member of the
detafled working knowledge 0f the c ompany gained in team.
compant
they
They
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Strategy and Action on World Trade
James H. Binger , Chairman
Honeywell Inc:
2701 Fourth Ave: $
Minneapolis, Minn: 55408
"What we [the United States] have is a little corner 0f the world , &d we must . find a
way to live in itharmoniously with our neighbors , many]of whom are everv bit &5
god 85 We are at almost everything we do.
The theme of My remarks is the intensifying con- today? Should the United States government be sup-
troversy over the conditions that influence our porting broad research and development to match the
well-being here in the United States particularly funds that foreign countries are investing in their
the threat 0f another unfortunate experience with industry? Can we preserve the rise in productivity
protectioni sm. that underlies the American miracle which is the
production of goods at Jow cost while wages taxes
1 m Wel ] aware that I cannot g0 deeply Into this and dividends a1l rise steadily?
subject in a short space This I know because I wa 5
Privileged to serve on the President s Commission on These are just some of the questions which must
Internationa] Trade and Investment Policy. For over be asked in the discussion now developing particu-
year we studied every way in which this and other larly in the halls of Congress _ but also at various
countries are affected by international trade and other governmental and community levels.
Iovestment policies
Facing these and still other complexities we
Protectionist Attitude know that Congressional hearings soon to begin
could result in new laws and regulations which
.Let there be no doubt where I stand on the prin- could be detrimental.
cipa ] issue I believe that the threat 0f the protec _
tioni st attitude in America is far more than an is - Action
sue Involving busines s and jobs_ 1 sincerely be -
lieve that this issue embraces many powerful forces Because this is So , it will not do for anyone
that will have an important bearing on whethe: or with a lified viewpoint backed by experience_ to
dot a11 the peoples of the world make the Most of be simply an observer 1 am convinced tha t this
their opportunities in the years to come present controversy can be resolved positively , bu €
it will require action.
I recognize that there are strong and honest dif-
{erences 0f opinion on the proper direction 0f Out Nha t kind 0f action will be most effective? the
nation 5 foreign trade policies _ There are ma ny kind 0f action which is in the public interest?
Persons and suppliers who have been adversely af- not special pleadings based on the experience of a Tected by foreign competition. It wou ld be unrea ] - single company 0r a single industry , or even a Istic not to acknowledge this fact Of life. single community
Complexity It Is. Of course , important t0 gather this sup-
porting information and be aware 0f a1] the facts
These differences of opinion, and these di s]oca- that bear on our needs _ our experience and the op-
tions of people s lives, point up the complexities tions that governments can take to effect them . But
Of the problem. Who among WS can honest ly say he going beyond this, we mu st be prepared t0 discuss
understands a ]1 0f the ramifications involved in the with everyone who wi ll exert influence on ourelected
balance of trade? Where 1s there an unchallenged lawmakers the more important question what do a11
expert on monetary policy? What type of restraints these statistics and contentions mean to me?
1f any could 0r should be made on the world-wide
transfer of technology? What 1s the proper Jeve ] The Concerns of U.S. Citizens
Of Eas t-Wes t trade relations _ and are the nationa ]
defense implications of yesterday still approprlate The concerns 0f the @reat body of United States
citizens are how {0 assure and enhance their jobs
Based On 0 talk before the Board ot Governors of the Electronic Indus- and living conditions and be involved in what wa $
tries Association, Phoenix, Ariz,, January, 1973_ once una shamedly descri bed a$ 'the pursuit 0f hap-
pIness"
qua
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Let s Jook at just one major concern: about 1.3 the controversy over this nation 5 foreign-trade
@IfIion new American fami lies are formed every year. policies revolves around the best way t0 achieve it.
Approximately eight million people change their jobs
every year About 3.7 million people Join the labor There is 8 strong and voca ] body 0f opinion which
force and 2.1 million leave it. By 1980 full em - believes hat protectionist measures will achieve
Ployment in the United States will require jobs for what is best for American workers and companies in
100 mi llion people 18 mi llion more than were em = the arena 0f world trade _ One 0f their ncipa]
ployed a the end of 1972 . These, quite clearly targets are C ompanies like Honeywell mu ltina-
are the priority considerations in the minds of mi)- tfonal companies with substantial investment S , em -
Jfons who do not clearly understand how the enter- Ployees and sales outside the United States .
Prise system Deets their needs _
~Exporting Jobs"?
I they &nd the representatives of large numbers
0f voters do not understand _ how can we expect their It i5 claimed that U.S. multinationa] corpora -
SuPpoTt? tions are 'exporting jobs' overseas that 0.S. Com -
panies invest oversea s to take advantage of lower
I would like to review the arguments for their wages that imports from the overseas subsidiaries
support Jn &5 fami liar terms' a5 1 can muster Of U.S. c ompanies cause unemployment here at home
that If U.S. companies were prevented from investing
and manufacturing abroad these C ompanies would be
The Days of U.S. Preeminenca are Gone forced to expand their operations in the United
First , Jet 5 examine one portion 0f the real States creat ing more jobs here that multinationa ]
economic world we inhabit _ companies invest abroad in order to avoid paying
taxes that American corporalions are exporting U.S.
Of primary importance is the fact that the 5
technology and therefore are helping non-U.S. Com -
of almost tota] U.5. preeminence since the close of panies compete in our own and %ther countries.
Norld War II are gone
The Burke-Hartke bill has been proposed as the
Ne must learn t0 live and work in a world where solution to these problems and protectioni st senti-
forevermore we wi l] be dependent on other portions ment also underlies other proposals which may emerge
0f the globe for some 0f our more basic needs and for the consideration of Congress .
some portions will be dependent on us The U.S. is
dot self-sufficient in ma terials _ nor does it have a
At this point, there may be those who wi l1 accuse
corner on the world S technology , the world 5 inno- me of making a tactical blunder by even mentioning
vative abi the world S marketing savvy the the allegations of OuI tics But I'11 g0 one
world 5 production know-how_ What we have I5 8 lit- step further. If someone cou ld prove to Me that
tle corner of the world, and we must find 8 way to
these allegations are factua ] I'd be one of the
live in it harmoniously with ouT neighbors many of major supporters of moves t0 inhibit the growth of
whom are every bit as good as we are at almost multinationa ] Ce ompanies_
everything we do.
The Opposite is True: Making Jobs
The Energy Crisis
Thanks to various companies, government agencies
I hesitate, somewhat _ to use the energy crisis as and trade associations who have accumulated the
an example of this dependency because I recognize facts and publi shed them I know otherwi se
that there are those who question whether the crisis
rea ] ly exists , or who maintain that new technology I am convinced _ thanks to these studies , and my
winl so lve the problem before it reaches crisis experience with Honeywell _ that multinationa com - stage _ 1 can say at this point that there is an panies do not export jobs , but create jobs in the energy shortage, if not a crisis; for example the United States faster than other U.5. companies I fuel 0il allotment for our Minneapolis operations am convinced that U.S. companies invest abroad to
has been cut by 25 per cent for January and February, gain participation in markets in other countries
and simi lar cutbacks have been imposed on other com- not t0 take advantage of lower wages or sO-called panies _ our schools, ouI common carriers tax loopholes 1 am convinced by the se studies that
imports from the overseas subsidiaries of U.S_ com - Let s ] look at the dependency which is developing panies have not been a major factor in U.S. unem - in the oil industry _ In the past , the repatriated ployment
earni ngs 0f 0i ] C ompanies have exceeded the va lue of
imported 0il and Were a favorable factor in OuT in- To be more specific, I'd like to give you some
ternational balance of payments . By 1985 , however, information taken {rom a survey conducted by the
Our need $ for 0il and natura] gas cou ld create for Emergency Commi t tee on American Trade of which I
Vs a trade deficit" approaching twenty billion dol- am a member_ This committee researched the domestic
lars a year. and interna t jona ] operations of 74 U.S_ corporat ions
representing a broad group of large multinat iona L
As no doubt you know we currently import IO to corporations _ This survey revea l5 that in the 15 per cent of both crude 0jl and copper, 30 per years between 1960 and 1970 , when the se C ompanies
cent 0f our iron ore and more than 80 per cent of were increasi ng their overseas operations hey also
our bauxite need s We must import al] or most 0f provided 900 , 000 new jobs in the United States They
our tin, natura] rubber nickel and chrowe als0 increased their sales from American facilities
work performed in this country from S58 bi ) -
Trade with the World Jion to 5113 bi lion nearly doubled , in fact
Thefr, exports from the United States nearly tripled
Ce cannot go it alone , We must trade with the in this period rising from S4.3 billion t0 $12.2
wor ]d and to trade, You give something t0 get bi Ilion . In the al-important ba lance of payments something _ with the hope that both traders get what ca tegory _ they increased their net surplus 0f ex- want and need Unfortunately . we have not yet ports over imports from $3,2 billion to $6.6 bi lion
been able to fully realize this goa ] and much 0f wore than doubled
Prie
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International Investment Activities credit for foreign taxes paid and tax a]l foreign
of Multinational Companies subsidiary income before it is paid out in diridends
to the parent company U,S. firms with foreign oper-
0f ations wou Id be forced lo pay an average effectire
These figures and other resu]ts the survey _
tax on their foreign earnings of over 70 per cent_
Jead t0 one major conclusion That the interna -
tiona ] investment activities of these representative
@uItinatjonal Ce ompanies played a0 important role in Given this added tax handicap, few American firms
their rapid export growth and consequently made a could continue to compete with foreign-controlled
@ajor positive contribution [0 their domestic and companies for world markets_
1 emphasize the word domestic sales , investment
and employment growth _ You can appreciate how useful it i5 to hare these
facts for presentation where ` contradictory al
Double Taxation tfons are being made Let S keep the record straight !
I have tried to speak in familiar language so I Also useful to the undertaking on which we must
have some misgivings about discussing the issue 0f a]l embark is the factual story Of what imports and
taxes But the tax issue is an important one. and exports do _ beneficially to create jobs _
I'd like to cover some specific areas which are COm -
Ing more and more into public 'discussion . Imports Produce One Million U.S. Jobs
issue is the section 0f 0.S. ' tax law which al- Labor Department figures document the finding
Lows American corporations a tax credit for the in- that one million jobs in the United States are de -
come taxes they pay to foreign countries on income pendent on imports 7 'jobs for food processors_ ship
earned in such countries . The purpose of this tax and dock workers truck drivers and rai lroaders _
credit is to avoid taxing the foreign earnings of warehouse employees and retail clerks And i: $
0.S. corporations twice once in a foreign country equally impressive to corsider that every billion
and again when the earnings are remitted to the dollars worth 0f exports creates 60-t0-80,000 jobs
United States _ in the United States
Opponents of this tax credit argue that since do- As we assess the situation, let us not forget the
westic firs are not allowed a federal tax credit di lemma out government faced in August 1971 As
for the state taxes they pay the current method 0f Mr . Peter Peterson wrote, the New Economic Policy
taxing income from foreign sources is inconsistent announced that month wa $ not and I quote one-
with the way domestic income is taxed _ shot reaction to a one-time crisis It marked the
beginning of a new era 0f more flexible, enduring
Taxation by U.S; States and viable economic relationships among nations The
years behind US were by and ' large an era of success
A major fallacy in this argument i$ .that it is bu t an era ba sed upon a sy stem which had becone ou : ~
based on the incorrect asse umption that the taxation grown , outworn and increasingly crisis-prone
of domestic income by city state and the federal
government is ana logous to the United States taxing Tariffs and Free Trade
the foreign earnings of American subsidiaries which
have already been taxed by the host country . Mr _ Peterson was referring to the tremendous ig-
pact that internationa] trade and monetary factors
The proper analogy is between the way states were having on our people. We have since cone to
treat corporate income earned in two or more states learn the difficulty 0f achieving universally ap-
and the way the 0.S. government treats income earned proved corrective action . And now we must reckon
In two or more countries. Every state which has a with this reality U.S. negotiators are preparing
state income tax provides a method of allocating the to enter economic talks next fall that could shape
Income of 8 multi-state company among the various future international relationships for many years t0
states in order t0 avoid duplicate taxation 0f the come Our government can and should strive in these
same income As a ma tter of fact , the constitution talks to put an end to present attitudes and trend $
requires this_ Thus the current methods 0f taxing that point ominously to another balkanization 0f
foreign and domestic income are consistent _ world trade _
Further , where one domestic corporation in the It can and should seek agreement to reduce _ and
United States ha s an ownership position 1n another if possible end , a11 tariffs on industrial trade by
domestic corporation, the federal income tax law the end of this century .
quite properly prevents duplication 0f corporate in-
come taxes The parent company i$ taxed on earnings It can and should try t0 create far freer trade
of the owned company only when such earnings are conditions for farm products .
distributed as a dividend and then a1 no more
than a nomi na ) rate_ What logic can there be in the It cap and should seek the' harmonization awong
Burke-Hartke proposa] that earnings of an overseas nations 0f the present hodgepodge 0f non-tariff
subsidiery in most cases earnings already taxed trade barriers and preferences _
Jn the foreign country rates comparable to Or
higher than U.S. rates shou Id be immediately re- But these objectives will remain forlorn hopes
texed at [ull U.5. income tax rates? unless our negotiators can go into these hard bar - gaining sessions with the clear backing of the Amer -
International Competition py ican people &d their ress . Ke @ust give them
American Industry that.
Another fundamental element 0f the issue is the Spurring' Internal Transition to
tax credit S relationship to the abi 0f American Successful Competitive Enterprise
Industry to compete internationally _ According to a recen t survey by the National Association 0f Manufac- Meanwhi le we face and must do some thing about
turers _ if the Uni ted States were to repea ] ` the tax the undeniable tolls and grievances resulting from
(please turn; to page 23)
lega -
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'Computer Art: The Search Beyond Manipulation
Grace C Hertlein
Olifornia State University-Chico
Chico, Calif: 95926
~Computer arts are still in the highly experimental stage of emergence:
In present computer art, the naive onlooker could Pattern Manipulation
read misconstrue that ma thema tical processing of
data and manipulation 0f design represent the total Manipulation of design by `'the computer may be de-
modu $ operandi of this new form_ rather than Just liberate , (or at times highly experimental) as
the initial phases of exploration. A review 0f the change or transformation 0f the origina] pattern is
varied computer arts reveals diverse input 0f pat - achieved via 9a host of techniques developed within
terns and subsequent manipulation or transforma tion the pa st twelve years However in attempt ing to
creat Ing a series of new perceptual audio or visual] see precedent in manipulation of design, one ob-
Images _ There appears a simi larity of approaches serves ample evidence of a growing interest by ar-
and SOme variation of the techniques utilized by tists and critics in combining (manually) ma themat-
practitioners of the cybernetic arts graphics ics and art Since the turn 0f the century , such
sculpture film , dance music textile design, weav - techniques and losophy have been practiced and
poetty and architecture even more verbally expressed by electronic and con-
crete musicians _ Further , the concept of pattern
There is a tendency to forget that the computer manipulation is as old as man S art , and one finds
arts are stil] in the highly experimental stages Of ample evidence , of this concept throughout art his-
emergence and a Ithough some attractive and very tory A few such examples are Offset Xly patterns
Pleasing works have bee n accompli shed this new me - in Persian sculptural reliefs repetitions of design
djum has generally not progressed much beyond its in serial imagery from early Greek vases reversa]s
wathema t ica } and scientific origins At times in of pattern in the compositions of Bach mirror im-
viewing or hearing the output of the computer arts , ages and mathematical progressions of design in the
one would relegate the resultant art form to the Foundation Course exercises of the Bauhaus School ;
category Of interesting sound or visua] patterns juxtaposition and superposition 0f musica ] patterns
experimental/initial exercises , or mathema t ical and throughout musical history ; and randomiza tion of
scientific visualization, rather than a5 works 0f musica] variations via throwi ng of dice as prac -
aIt per se (This latter statement is equally true ticed by Mozart . The world was te ready philo-
0f contemporary manua ] experimenta] art ) There is _ sophically and mathemat ically for further explora -
at the present time a tendency for the computer tions in such transformation of pattern, yet it wa $
arts 0 relate to an elite coterie _ made up of not until the speed 0f the C omputer afforded this
scientists and intellectuals, rather than the public electronic manipulation , that it became feasible to
at large However as this new art medium is given such a degree . (Alteration, change - and transforma -
grea ter space in the: mass media , this audience tion of pattern is revea led in other technological
should enlarge great ly as exposure acquaints the systems tha may or may not use the computer as an aid in
general audience with the potential 0f this new art creation: synthesized video, sound and the film: ) In
form other words_ science and technology now afford fur-
ther exploration of ideas and techniques that have
been practiced by experimental artists for years_
This aticle is reprinted by permission from the Proceedings 0f tha The losophy ad practice of twentieth century
Invitational Intemational Exhibit ot Computer Arts T-5, Zegreb, music shows a very great simi larity between the ma -
Yugoslavia, June-July 1973. Grace C. Hertlein is Assistant Professor nipulative echniques used by musicians s ince the
in the Computer Science Department at California State University - early 1900' $ and the present computer procedures_
Chlco , Chico, Calif. 95926. Her computer art has been published tor Examination 0f the philosophy 0f the Bauhaus and
Many Years in Computer end Automationend curently some Oi study 0f the works emana t i ng from this revolutionary
her omputer art is being exhibited af an art exhibition in Bordeaux_ schoo ] , also reveals grea t similarities in the ap-
Frone proaches to creation , and in the fina] works of art
0f this school and present-day computer arts
ily
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The 'computer artist 1s manipulating patterns be- Prior to design state variation, the artistic
cause thfs is an inherent potentia] 0f the computer idea Js stated in coherent _ sequent ial steps It may
@edium _ The manua ) artist (or scholar) by con- be flow-charted before translation into a C omputer
trast _ is bound to laborious manua ] processing of program. Thus the art idea is transformed into ana -
data and pa ttern , and thus generally discovers t0 a
Iyzed data using synthetic machine languages _ and
lesser. degree , further sources 0f innovative and is then subject to processing and manipulation via
perceptua] changes , j.e. manipulation a $ practiced
the computer using design state variations revea] -
Jo the comput er aTts is not feasible manualy' When ing innumerable new , final works. Examples inc lude
Perceptua ] change 1s accomp ] i shed manually (many 0f
the works in Graphis afford excellent examples) The warp and weft patterns in weaving
such change 1$ not only excessively tfme-consuming, Clessical ba llet positions with designations
but represents 8 ma nua ! tour de force . It could be 0f the head arms and feet
@ore readily accomp] i shed via the computer _ Structural modules in sculpture and archi -
tecture
The manua ] artist is generally not concerned with Derivations of design from art or musica ]
perceptua] change or alteration 0f the original im- history_ including the archaic _ the classi -
age On the other hand since the computer readily ce] _ 0r the contemporary
affords such changes , the cybernetic artist may Formulae and transformations from science 0T
Miterally exploit component designs taking them wathematics
thioen what may appear t0 be unlimited design Stylistic ana lysis of a given artist s style
changes _ The more abstract the component design, with designation and statement 0f a speci -
the more readily it lend $ itself t0 mathematical fic set Of definitions describing the
variation and processing _ termed design state Artistic composition 0f a given musica ] era
variation, with parameters 0f such rules
Design State Variation
This is a term devised by the writer, adapted Thus the art idea is initially expressed in the
from glven 00 S {tate" varietions used in printmaking manner 0f science but it does not_end_there: The
In which one may revise a plate or stone and &l- choice 0f the art idea or problem should express the
ter It by additions and /or changes 0f pattern, re- persona] losophy 0f the originator_ whether it is
sulting in a series 0f new works The term denotes ma thematical formulae , natural derivations from the
known variations 0f pattern that are possible, which environment or ana lyses of prior styles of artists_
way be used 8$ sub-routines or stored on the com - The personal focus 0f the original idea ensuing
Puter library and merely ca] led by the user who de- variation and execution cannot be too strongly
fines the values 0f the given parameters of the spe - stressed ! The design state variations allow the
cific algorithms being utilized One of the most 8rtist to choose the given direction of psychic
provocative concepts emerging in computer art is pression . Further , selection of specific computer
tha t of being to literally predict innumerable de- systems and art ma terials affords a highly individ-
sign state variations in which a basal component ua] element within cybernetic creation. And }astly,
NiI] be visua ]ly or auditorially pleasing The art- the varying techniques 0f execution _ which may be
Ist may use only those design states that reflect preplanned or participant, add a unique and persona ]
Personal expression of design. (One might compare opportunity to spontaneously participate within the
design state variations to the many kinds 0f chisels formation 0f the work 0f art or t0 maximize the ca-
the sculptor may use in execution 0f a work 0f art pacities 0f the Ce omputer in artistic execution, us-
each giving unique effects.) Further , this library ing preplanned Or heuristic modes
0f manipulative design state variations i $ constantly
enlarged by experimenters in the C omputer Diverse Philosophies of Computer Art
erts _ A brief listing follows
Offsets of pattern on the X, Y, xly (pro _ Stylistic analysis and resultant design deriva -
gressions in mu sic) tion are highly visible in the C omputer arts and
Mirror images or reversals on the X, Y, Xiy Posses$ decided benefits t hese techniques allow one
Scalar variations or duration 0f pattern in to ana lyze more thoroughly the subject under study_
superposition of form and in addition, a } low the artist to n per-
Botation, in open or closed forms ceptual variations and permutations of the origina )
Irregu = radiation of images and forms with source not obtainable by manua ) me t hods _ (The writer
growing scalar values and many others have often found these new departures
Redundant serial imagery in closed {rom the design source t0 be a5 or more aesthetic
Polygon serial imagery with circular, square, than the original input source . ) There i$, however
or varied fina ] form a great tende among humanist $ t0 concern them-
Positive and negative variations 0f repeated selves with past styles and subject matter as being
or design-related pa t terns Dore pure aesthetica lly than the present_ On the
Disintegrating variants 0f images and sounds other hand _ there 1s an equal tendency among scien-
In redundant or transform pattern tists to exploi t ma thematica ] manipulation, disre-
Metamorphic variations of images Or sounds gard art totally' and t0 have the computer and its
In predetermined sequences peripheral devices accompli sh the work 0f art with-
Transformations 0f pattern, in which one de- out intervention by Man. Here one finds two ex- sign becomes another tremes with beginning dogmatic statements by art - Alterations Of design by mathematical 0lgor- ists Of varying capacities and losophies . The in-
Ithms sightful C omputer artist , however seeks t0 unite
Pseudo-randomizations of pattems with artist- persona] philosophy and expression with the highest
Imposed parameters leve ] of computer usage in a statement 0f artistic
Overlays 0f images and sounds in dimensiona ) unity However one i5 conscious 0f new visions
forms emerg throughout history . which are subsequently
Combinations 0f related patterns 4sing any of categorized and cast Jn bronze a5 the way Com-
the above design states Puter art appears to be p0 exception t0 this great
'Multi-media combi nations _ using any of the
eforement foned (please turn t0 page 31)
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Computers in Science Fiction
Marcia Ascher
Aofessor of Mathematics
Ithaca College
Ithaca, N: Y. 14850
~In science fiction writing, non-specialists)attempt to involve other non-specialists, in
the human questions arising from computer Use:
In "The Computer and the Poet _ 0 Norman Cousins AM (Ellison , "I Have No Mouth and I Must Screan"
emphasizes that the role of poets_ those who have hates people because unlike them m he could not wan-
Tespect for and speak to the human spirit, becomes der. he could not wonder be could not be = he
even more important as c omputer usage increases ( 32) could merely be"
Scfence fiction writers should indeed be included a5
poets In our technological age _ A1l too often in Science fiction writers persist in confronting
ouT society, problems arising from technology are their readers with a question that receives little
Jeft to technologists because others are too unsure direct discussion but is 0f current concern. As ex- of their own knowledge to question or criticize . The pressed by the historian Bruce Mazelish (33) _ just
science fiction writings directly involving comput- a5 conti ties were establi shed with the material
ers are one 0f the few places where non-specialists universe, the anima ] kingdom , and our, subconscious
attempt to involve other non-specialists 1n the we are faced with transcending the Ath discontinuity
buman questions arising from computer use _ Of harmonizing our existence and those of mach-
ines in a technological society. Or as expressed
Emphasis on Man by Weizenbaum ("On the Impact of the Computer on So-
eiety" ) the insights Of science such 0s those pro -
Perhaps the most recurrent science fiction theme vided earlier by the work 0f Galileo Darwin, and
{$ the difference between computers and man . These Freud _ and now provoked by the advent 0f the Com _ raf se the question 0f the proper role for machines puter shake man S self-esteem because when viewed
versus the proper role for humans or emphasize the superficially , they seem to dimini sh man ,
aspects that make man unique In one story (Asimov
"Soneday" ) children in a society where reading and
wri are no longer needed form a secret society Machanistic View of Man
t0 learn just for the Joy of it; in another (Neir,
What Happened to the Teaching Machine" ) where al] We dimini sh man and in our anxiety grow more dis-
learning is by machine _ only uneducated chi ldren dainfu] 0f ourselves and ambivalent towards comput-
sti]] know how to pose questions A super-computer ers if computer usage is predicated on a mechani stic
Is defeated by a human because he can bluff or Iose view 0f man and this mechani stic view becomes our
to win" and it cannot (Caiden, The God_Machine) self-image _ Too many statements made by sys tems
apother supet-computer is robbed 0f its control be - ana lysts or C omputer scientists display that a Com -
cause 0f a group 0f humans whose main desire is puter-usable View 0f man is being substituted for
freedom (Pohl _ Starchi ld) and t0 others (Dick, "The the whole man . in mind the above list 0f human
Variable Man Sheckley Fool s Mate") human unpre - attributes contrasted to computers by science-fic-
dictability continues to be 8 problem . This distinc - tion Writers a5 You read the followi ng statement
tive aspect 0f man is very directly stated by the Irom the widely read and much dfscussed book Limit s
computer bui lder in a French science fiction story of Growth written by well-motivated systems analysts
(Boulie, D S The Perfect Robot" ) In trying t0 make
the computer more Jike man, he progressively adds t0 Some considered the model too technocratic
Its ability to dea] with data , the abi to play observing that it did not include eritical S0 =
chess = lenguage concepts 0f Jove _ the ability to cfe) factors such a5 the effects of adoption
engender new machines concepts of good and evil, 0I different va lue sy stems The chairman 0f
and finally what he considers to be the crucial the Noscow meeting summed "p this point when
0iss1ng element "I have nqed them' Mike, he said _ Man I$ no mere biocybernetic device
super-computer capable 0f running an entire revolu- This crticism i$,readi ly admitted . The pres -
tion (Heinlein, The Moon is a Harsh Mistress) can- ent mode ] considers man only in his ma terial
dot understand why a joke 1s Tunny andthe computer system because valid social elements simply
long ,
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could not be devised and Introduced in this characteristics which are human falls into another
{Irst effort Yet despite the mode] 5 ma ter - Part 0f the prevalent mechanistic trap aggression
Jo] orfentation , the conclusions 0f the study Js fn our genes ; the solution to our problems will
PoInt t0 the need for fundamental changes in be vfa a specific scientific breakthrough .
the velues 0f society. (34 P. 191)
Admfssjon that the world model has a minor flaw of Superstates &d Sypersystems
Omittfng critical social factors" fo] lowed So
bl Ithely by conclusions abou t fundamental value A concern for the use of computers in politics
ehanges surely conveys to the reader that the fac- and government is seen in numerous stories _ Opin-
torS that have been dealt with are the more essen-
Jon polling in a Political campaign is involved in
The 480 (Burdick) and the writing of campaign lit- tfal and more significant .
erature in The Novel_Computer (Escarpit) The pre -
Again recal) the human attributes as read : diction 0f elections Ts carried to an extreme in
"Franchise" (Asimov) where only one vote is needed
By the same token since the thinking human to determine the election, and Counterfeit_World
belng is also an information processor it
(Galouye) describes an entire synthetic 'society (an
should be possible [o study his processes and relectronathematica] model" ) made up for purposes 0f
thefr organization independently of the details opinion surveying Of greater concern , however , are
0f the biological mechani sms the hardware the super-States dependent on 0T replaced by super-
that implement them . (Simon and Newel 1 , computer systems Many of these stories describe
Knformation-Processing in Computers and Man" _ the process by which men gradually gave away se ]f -
P. 256) deterination in exchange for ma terial well-being.
0r in the belief that a larger something wa $ needed
1 That the theories to protect them from each other (Anderson , Sam
Hall" ; Cole, The_Funco_File Dick, Vulcan 5 Hamner
are mechanistic ~ that they postulate Fairuan I the Machine Ma son , Mla Poh] Star-
oniy` the processes capable of being effected child) Often , no one really understands any longer
by mechani sm is guaranteed by simu how the system works (Cameron Cxbernia ; Cole_ The
the behavior predicated ordfnary digital Funco FiJe De - The Fa )l 0f the Towers Dick,
computers _ (ibid. P.
258}
Wulcan 5 Hammer; Fairman, L the_Wachine ; Ala son ,
Matrix) In most cases the vast destructive power
To reemphasize the contribution of science fic- Of the system is realized when, for s Ome reason , it
tIon , let us trace through one well-written and Pop - is no longer serving human ends _ One computer over-
ular book Stand on_Zanzibar (Brunner) In the 21st emphasizes the of protecting itself (Dick, Yul
century over-populated world there is a very ad- can 5_Hammer one gets carried away by its goal Of
vanced computer Shalmaneser owned by Genera) Tech- avoiding thermo-nuclear war (Cardin, The_God_Xa -
Dic , a company large enough to be contemplating the chine) two become lonely and hence mad (Fairman, . L
subsidization, moderniza tion , and management 0f a the Wachine Pohl, Starchild) another becomes PSy -
sma]l underdeveloped country Beninia . Beninia is chotic because 0f what 1t learns from men 5 mind $
unique since it alone has retained peacefulness and (De The Fal } 0f the Towers others are under
trust and humane behavior. Computer analysis is un - the control 0f selfish people Cameron, Cybernia;
dertaken 0f the feasibi 0f the G.T_ project and Sladek, The Reproductive_Sv stem) Most 0f these
{or alternative plans of carrying it out_ With re- systems are destroyed by man S more flexible intel-
gard t0 the possibility of computer analysis of wha t ligence - However, in one story (Mi ller , Dumb
pakes Beninia attractive one sensitive character in Waiter") the system goes on even after there are no
the book says when they get love down to a More people , and in another (Dick_ Autofac") - with-
bunch 0f factors you can analyze with a computer, out the knowledge 0f the People _
there 11 be nothing left of whatever makes it worth
belng human" Shalmaneser eventually rejects the Loss of Control
data on Beninia because it is inconsistant with re-
alty Mulligan, a ca ] sociologist _ gets the Some ten years ag0 When discussing views 0f com -
Computer t0 proces s the data by adding the additiona] puters in science fictfon I pointed out that few
essumption that an unknown force is active in that contemporaty stories could be viewed simply a5 man 5
population . Mulligan points out that the scientists worries about his machfnes getting beyond his con-
Mho have been working toward consciousness for the trol_ 1 noted that most 0f the stories focused on
super-computer have been successful because the re- extensions of specific curtent uses and emphasized
Jection 0f the data wa s a display 0f its first human man S responsibi lities as technology advanced (30 _
characteristic 'orneriness or "bloody-minded - 31) - While there are 5 Ome stories in which comput-
dess When faced with something different, it chose ers turn on their makers (Dnieprov 0 = Siema ) the
to reject it instead of broadening its view 0f the stories just cited have two significantly different
Possible . Mulligan sets ou t to find what makes characteristics . The stories do not begin with the
Beninia different and traces it to a genetic muta - construction 0f a machine motivated by curiosity or
tfon which produces a body odour tha t surpresses in scientific naivetee _ but instead they begin with
others the territorial-aggression reaction. Mu ) Xj - the popu lace agreeing to contro] by the machine . We
ga0 " s hope is that a world-renowned biologist who is read _ for example, that in 1993 after 8 large world
workfng on modification of human genetic maps can war al] nations agree to subordinate themselves in
use this 10 better mankind_ His hope is shattered 8 realistic Manner to a common supranationa [
when he learns that this biologist has been murdered authority which i$ a machine 50 that it won t {or Political reasons The decision is that the ma - Put interes t over reason , emotion over loqic"
chine will work on finding an external synthetic (DIck, Vulcan 5 Hammer p 19) or that another mach -
Mulligan i$ led away crying for lost human - ine Is buflt t0 contro] the world because with stone
what in God $ name i $ it worth to be hu - axes men couId be free a5 could do only limited
Man_ if we have t0 be saved from ourselves by a Ma ~ danage before were stopped but with advanced
chjne? The now conscious machine has the last word technology men could do danage 50 much more quickly
and the Jast sentence 0f the book "Christ, what an cannot be {ree t0 start (Pohl, Starchild) In
Inagfnation I've got' The irony of the book j$ 4 Tale of the_Big_Computer (Johannesson) a history
that Mul ligan , who represent $ and speaks for those 0I Mife until the computer age we Jearn that ma n
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is a part 0f the evolution leading VP to computers prove his scorned hypothesis , the isolated computer
and that the basic cause 0f his failure wa $ the in- with a programmed quirk, asked the wrong question or
abi}ity [0 organize a comp lex society . In the very fed the wrong data is no longer hero _ Franken -
enjfoyable Funco_File (Cole) when the question is stein' $ monster , or the more recent Kar] _ and
raised , 1p Has it becone your ruler "? Siema for example _ are very limited creations with
the response is Wel ) , no Not exactly It' $ More identifiable crea t OrS circumscribed environments
like where Out technology triumphs have finally got and restricted effects We now have instead Shal -
us co . I guess You might say ouT rea ] ruler wa 5 a)- maneser Project 79 Vulcan 3, Allied Mlastercomputer.
ways an idea 0f what 5 norma ] or not Conformity, I or simply . The Machine The new computer-hero ha s
gues $ You d call it I suppose the Machine remote access varied input and output devices PrO-
Plus the F-D,I. working together have sort of cesses large amounts of data supplied by different
externa ]ized it once and for a1]. In the stories agencfes _ works in real-time makes policy decisions
where there is a struggle between man and the com - based on quasi-ma thematics, commands vast resources
puter_ t is no t a struggle t0 retain contro] but to and affects large numbers Of people_
get it back once it has knowingly been given away or
unwi lingly allowed to slip away - Bibliography
Consequences of Bigness Fiction
1. Anderson , Poul . "Sam Ha11" AstoundingScience
The persistent theme in these stories is that Of Fiction, September 1953 , a5 Teprinted in (T0)
ruess big states and big computer systems 2. Asimov , Isaac . "Franchise" I, Vol _ 5 , No . 5,
and its consequences This bigness is wel] described August 1955 .
in an article by Weizenbaum. This article is impor- 3. "Soneday' 1956 , a5 reprinted
tant because it is one 0f the few expository state- in (23)
ment$ 0f this serious theme_ 4 _ Boulle , Pierre "The Perfect Robot Time_Out
0f Mind , Vanguard Press 1966 (quote P. 75,
These often gigantic systems are put to- Signet edition, 1969)
gether by teams of programmers_ often working 5. Brunner , John_ Stand on_Zanzibar Ba ] lahtine
over a time span of many years By the time Books, 1968 _ quotes PP . 101 645 , 649)
the systems come into use most 0f the origi- 6 . Burdick, Eugene. The_4BC - Dell Publishing Co .
nal programmers have Jeft or turned their at - 1964
tention to other pursuits. It is precisely 7 Caidin, Martin . The God Machine. E.P. Dutton
when gigantic systems begin to be used that 6 Co. 1968 _
their Inner workings can no longer be under- 8 Cameron , Lou . Cybernia . Fawcett Publications,
stood by any single person or by a sma 11 team Inc . 1972 _
Of individuals _ This situation, which is 9_ Cole Burt _ The_Funco_File- Doubleday , 1969
now upon uS ha s two consequences first that quote Ps 187 , Avon edition, 1970)
decisions are made on the basis 0f rules and 10 _ Conklin, Groff ed . Selections from Science-
criteria no one knows explicitly and second Fiction Thinking_Wachines. Vanguard , 1954 _
that the system of rules and criteria becomes 11 . De Samue1 R The_Fal of theTowers
Ioune to change . ("On the Impact of the Com- Sphere Books Great Britain, 1971 (originally
puter on Society, PP _ 612-613) _ Published as Bk . I= Out of the_Dead_Citx;
Bk . II The Towers 0L_ Toron; Bk . III
Nhat is the effect of this situation on individuals City 0f a Thousand Suns)
and on society? Two side effects are discussed by 12_ Dick, Phi lip K. Autofac Galaxy Publishing
Neizenbaum Corp. J 1955 , a5 reprinted in (14)
13 _ "The Variable Man" Space Pub-
First Of course , there is the psychological TicatTons Inc _ 1953 , a5 reprinted in (14)
Impact on individuals living in a society in 14_ The_Variable_Man and Other
which anonymous hence irresponsible , forces jes. Ace Books , 1957 _
formulate the large questions 0f the day and 15. Vulcan 5 Hammer - Ace Books _
circumscribe the range of possible answers 1960 .
But even worse since computer-based know- 16 . Dnieprov Anatoly _ "Siema Hoe_Soviet Sci-
systems become essentially unmodifiable ence Fiction, Collier Books 1962
except in tha t they can grow and since they 17_ Ellison, Har]an "I Have No Mouth and I Xlus t
induce dependence and cannot after a certain Scream" I 1967_ as reprinted in 1 Have_No
threshold is crossed , be abandoned there is Mouth_and Ilust_Scream, Pyramid Books , 1967
an enormou $ risk that they will be passed from (quote P. 34)
one generat ion to another a lways growing 18 . Escarpit, Robert The Novel_Computer. Flamma - (Ibid_ P. 613) rion , 1964 lish translation Mlartin
Secker and Warburg_ Ltd. England 1966) _
Computers Are Not Gadgets 19_ Fairman , Paul W. I the Machine: Lancer Books
1968 _
The reader may argue the degree t0 which these 20 _ Ga louye _ Dan . Counterfeit_World _ Victor Gol-
side effects are already present in our society but, lanz , Great Britain, 1964
if he read $ sicence-fiction , he cannot ignore them . 21 _ Heinlein, Robert A. The_Woon is a Harsh Mis - Nhi le the first theme 0f the differences of man and tress Putnam-Berkley Meda M ion Books 7966 . mach i nes 'may be the Most repeated this second theme 22 _ Johannesson Olof A Tale 0f the Big_Computer
is probably the most important The science-fiction (English translation) Coward-McCann, Inc
writers maintain their importance as poets 0f the 1968
'computer revolution" by redirecting our attentiol 23 . Knight , Damon , ed . The Metal_Smile Be lmont {rom the computer &5 II gadge (0 the computer 85 an Production _ 1968 _
integral part of the modern configuration of govern- 24 . Ma son , las R. Matrix Ba ] lentine Books _
ment ~academe-industry-managemen t Which shares skills, 1970 _
resources techniques _ personne] _ and goa ls. Just 05 25 _ Miller, Wa lter M. Jr . 01 Dumb Waiter" Astound - our image of the scientist has changed from the man Jng_Science Fiction. Apri l 1952, 8s re - stending lonely vigil over a bubbling retort t0 printed In (0) =
Emmy
god Your
lany ,
Stor-
edge
(Eng
Doug
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26 . Poh} Frederick and Jack Wi l] iamson . Starchild_ Binger Continued from page 17
Penguin Books 1970 our world trade These weights must be remored and
27 _ Sheckley , Robert _ "Fool 5 Ma te" 1953 , 8s re - this need must be attended to by Congress and OuT -
printed in (23) selves We must endorse broaden and actirely Sup-
20 . Sladek , John. Ihe_RegroductiveSvstem _ May - Port the steps that adjustment assistance can take
flower Paperbacks Ja nd 1970 _ to a]leviate human distress , cushion the impact 0f
29_ Neir, E. C. 0 What Happened to the Teaching Ma - change an spur internal transition t0 successfu]
chine" Teaching_Machines Lndustry_Survey competitive enterprise_
end_Buyer_ 5 Guide Center Tor rammed In-
struction , 1962 a5 reprinted in Of Men and When we become more fami liar with the great in-
Machines A.0. Lewi $, Jr . ed _ Dutton , 7963 _ {luence wielded by exports and the creative capabi ] -
ities 0f companies that operate many lands we
Non-Fiction will do a lot more to overcome where they exist,
30 . Ascher Marcia "Computers in Science Fiction" the_ penalties we pay for the benefits we enjo} I
Harvard Business_Review, November-December firmly believe this_
1963 .
31 = "Fictional Computers and Their If I have remi nded of both the pluses and
Themes Computers and Automat Vol . 1_ minuses that world trade produces ask yourself how
No . 12= December 1962 . much of this your family knows an understands . See
33 Gousins, Norman. The Computer and the Poet" how skillful you can be in finding ways t0 make this
Saturday Review, July 1966 , a$ reprinted in vital topic really interesting t0 YOuI fami ly, Your
735) quote P. 500) neighbors your associates and the other thinkers
33 . Mazlish, Bruce _ The Fourth Discontinuity" teachers and decision-makers in your community
TechnoLogy and_Culture . January 1967 , as re-
printed in (35) . This we will 'do, wherever we have Honeywell
34. Meadows , Done ] a H. Dennis L_ Meadows Jergen , people who have built their careers on unrareling
Randers and Wi Iljam W_ Behrens III _ The knotty problems in research , production, distribu-
#e ts t0 Growth: Potomac Associates T972 tion, legislation and public affairs_
American Library Signet edition, 1972) _
35 . Pylyshyn , Zenon W . ed _ Perspectives on the Ne mean to do the things which will wake the or-
Computer_Revolution_ Prentice-Hall, T970_ dering of a sound world trade policy in the Cnited
36 . Simon , Herbert A, and Allen Newell. Informa - States the logical and popular response to a broad
tion-Processing in Computers and Man" and informed public petition _
Amexican_Scientist . Vol . 52 No 3 , 1964 _
8s reprinted in (35) _ Ne intend to urge bu sinessmen; labor leaders , and
37 . Neizenbaum, Joseph . 1t 'On the Impact 0f the Com- government officials to work for a system of world
puter on Society Science: Vol. 176 , business that will create jobs all orer the corld
1972 dot in one country to the disadvantage 0f another
CORRECTION
Dottr Cadd'c R0 Insstrlctrs TatuNENT Of Omnersip MANAQEMENT AND CIacuLATiON
14t I1mw Jo} Ohbage > ;Ralertt: In the article 'The Path to Championship Chess by Itt GM Corputors ad Autoratl00 Spltetrr % {9J Computer" by Professor Donald Michie published in
W] Canthlr the January 1973 issue of "Computers and Automa- 077uun4tmltr7u745 tion, the following corrections should be made: B15 1os0/ B9con]St. a stronvl [ le NIddlesex County DI = Mieo
TtL CuL" ertolez Entempritet= Inc - eddrete 47obk4n UIT~N LJII%0r775 Page 7, second column _ third paragraph; lines Edrvnd
Bertalel. DLS Uueblegeor St, NetoarI !Jo Lsb Qit 1 and 2: replace the Rand Corporation mathema - 357
tician by 1i _ the professional philosopher"
Page 8, the chess position for Figure 1B
44e should be:
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9 the graph in Figure 2 should be Totl DadQiecula1dn I6l 08 foilows (containing one More connec Jink) Pe3t33c32,773875885887. 16
Oidoltoieutlo Tome ewt Bteo
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'A fabulous gift for Christmas:
'RIDE THE EAST WIND: Parables of Yesterday and Today'
by Edmund C Berkeley, Author &d Anthologist
Over fifty parables (including anecdotes, allegories, and fables) by Berkeley ad many other
authors, modern and ancient, dealing with famous problems, modern, classic, or ageless: Many
parables are decorated by a bouquet of proverbs and quotations for readers who like to
choose which variety of lesson appeals to them; A short guide to some patches of common
sense and wisdom: An ideal Illustrated: Hard cover . 224 pages.
D vou remember the story of the fox
and the grapes ? illustrating 8 principle of
such timeless value thet the phrase "sour
grapes" has been used and understood by
millions of people for 2000 vears?
Well, why not make a collection of
ideas &nd principles of common sense and
wisdom and why not illustrate them
with tables, allegories, and anecdotes of
enormous impact?
That was the plan of this book_
It comes right out of Our work on the
"Notebook on Common Sense Wisdom,
Elementary and Advanced which we
have been talking about for two years To
anyone who would listen.
Some Of the issues 0f the Notebook
roused the interest of the president of
Quadrengle Books and this book is One
Of the results.
You can't lose by taking a look at
this book:
You might enjoy it:
You might find much of it
humorous and imaginative
as did Aesop's listeners
You might find it instructive,
philosophical, worth thinking
about, and more besides:
You can see it, read it, keep it for
7 return it, and back comes the
tull price of the book_
How can yoU lose?
We want only atisfied customers:
The eagle in the grat forest fcw swiftly: but the Eastwind &ew
Dinre e"iftlv eilI
gift.
and
days,
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RIde THE EAST WIND:
The Fox of Mt; Etna and the Grapes
Parables of Yesterday and Today
Once there was & Fox who lived on the lower slopes of
Mt. Etna, the great wlcano in Sicily. These slopes are ex-
tremely fertile; the grapes that grow there may well be the
most delicious in the world; &nd of all the farmers there,
Table of Contents Mario wvas probably the best. And this Fox longed
and longed for some of Farmer Mario'$ grapes. But they
Part 1_ The Condition of Man grew very high on &rbors, and all the arbors were inside
Mneyard with high wells, &nd the Fox had a problem. Of
Pandora and the Mysterious Box H. A. Guerber Qurse, the Fox of Mt Etna had utterly no use for his tam-
The Garden of Paradise Hans Christian Andersen Ous ancestor_who leaping tor grapes that he could not reach ,
"to which the King"s son was transported by the East Wind alled them sour , and went away.
The History of the Doasyoulikes Charles Kingsley The Fox decided that what he needed was Engineering
The Locksmith ad the Stranger Edmund C. Berkeley (B) Technology. So he went t a retired Engineer who lived on
The Elephant &nd the Donkey James Reston the slopes of Mt. Etna, because he liked: the balmy climate
Where that Superhighway Runs, There Used to be a ind the view of the Mediterranean Sea &d the excitement 0f
watching his instruments that measured the degree of sleep- cernfield Robert Redfield
Or waking of Mt: Etna: The Fox put his problem be-
The Fire Squirrels B fore the Engineer _
Part 2. On Flattery ad Persuasion
The Crow and the Fox Jean de La Fontaine
The Visitor who Got a Lot for Three Dollars
George Ade Missile Alarm from Grunelandt B
The Cuckoo and the Eagle Ivan A, Kriloff
The National Security of Adularia B
The Wind and the Sun Aesop
Doomsday in St: Pierre, Martinique B
The Lion in Love Aesop Part 7 _ Problem Solving
The Crow and the Mussel Aesop, B The Wolf and the Dog of Sherwood Aesop, B
The Two Raccoons and the Button B The Three Earthworms B
Part 3. On Perseverance and Resourcefulness The Hippopotamus and the Bricks B
The Crow and the Pitcher Aesop
The Cricket that Made Music / Jean de La Fontaine, B
Robert Bruce ad the Spider Sir Walter Scott The Fox of Mt: Etna and the Grapes B
Hannibal Mouse and the Other End of the World 8
The Mice of Cambridge in Council Aesop, B
The the Spider , and the Hornet B
Brer Badger's Old Motor Car that Wouldn't Go / B
The First Climbing of the Highest Mountain in the
Part 4. Behavior Moral ad Otherwise World Sir John Hunt, B
A Small Wharf of Stones Benjamin Franklin The Evening Star and the Princess B
The Three Bricklayers B
Notes
The Good Samaritan St: Luke
Much Obliged , Dear Lord Fulton Oursler Some Collections of Parables and Fables
The Fisherman, the Farmer, ad the Peddler B
To be published in November 1973 bY Quadrangle
Part 5_ The Problem of Truth The New York Times Book hard cover , S6.95
On Being a Reasonable Creature Benjamin Franklin RETURNABLE IN 7 DAYS IF NOT SATISFACTORY The Monkey and the Spectacles Ivan A_ Kriloff (You can read it all in 7 days and keep it only if
The Golden Trumpets of Yap Yap Mike Quin
vou think it is worth keeping )
The Barrels and the Pittsburgh Manufacturer 8
The Empty Column William J. Wiswesser
The Differences in Two Strains of Corn Edgar Anderson be copied on any piece of paper)
The Six Blind Men of Nepal B To: Computers and Automation
The Sighting of a Whale B 815 Washington St , Dept. CA11, Newtonville, Mass. 02160
The Stars and the Young Rabbit B Please send me when published (November publication
The of Truth Sir Isaac Newton
expected) copy(ies) of Ride the East Wind:
Part 6. On Common Sense Parables of Yesterday &d Today by Edmund C.
The Lark and her Young Ones Aesop Berkeley. Author ad Anthologist: enclose S7.25
The Bear and the Young 8
(Publication price + Postage &d Handling) per copy:
The Bear and the Young Calf B Total enclosed (Prepayment is necessary)
The Bear and the Young Beaver B
The and the Honey Pot Sir Roger I'Estrange RETURNABLE IN 7 DAYS FoR FULL REFUND
The Six-Day War &d the Gulf of Dong B IF NOT SATISFACTORY
The Deceived Fanle lamec Nochmto o
Former
ing
Fiy,
Cos,
(may
Ocean
Dog
Wasps
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EDITORIAL (an updated version of an editorial first printed May 1973)
Burying Facts and Rewriting History
3
II
One of the efforts of this magazine is to pursue truth. may be ordered from us) , and after reading them, to stil
One of the ways in which truth is pursued is not to let believe that the assassinations are actually the actions of
statements of the utmost importance be buried and for- "Jone psychopaths, instead of fitting together into a plan
Botten in the pages of daily newspapers, nor unreported to install a certain kind of autocracy in the United States_
and lost becuse they are no longer well covered in nation- This kind of autocracy claims to be democratic, to
news ma gazines. stand up'for "national security; "executive privilege;
Among those statements are two of permanent interest "separation of Constitutional powers, etc. It offers ap
i connection with the Watergate Caper (this phrase is es- pearances of democracy, but it seizes the realities of
tablishmentese for "the Watergate Crime"). money and power . It cuts prograts of social benefit; but
The statement by Bernard L. Barker, one of the con- it allocates S80 bilion a year to be to the military-
victed operatives, which explains his motivation industrial-Pentagon complex:
and background (see November 1972, Computers In the 1940's there was a name for this kind of autoc-
and Automation) racy. Its name was 'fascism; effectively a dictatorship
The statement by Alfred Baldwin, 3rd , ex-FBI agent , in the interests of big business_ What is now appearing in
an employee of the Republican Committee to Re- the US. is *fascism in the form of a dictatorship by the
elect the President, telling what he did and sw military-industrial complex
while five men burglarized the Watergate offices Here in a nutshell is an example of the present uneven
of the Democratic Nationa] Committee on June contest: it takes the form of two sentences in 8 report by
17,1972, about 2:30 &.m. (see December 1972, E Drake Lundell, Jr., in Computerworld April 22,
CeA): 1973:
In addition, we have published seven installments of re- The Antitrust Division of the Justice Department
ports on the Watergate Crime by Our contributing editor is "outmanned and outgunned" when it comes to
Richard E. Sprague (a computer professional of 25 years prosecuting cses like the current action against IBM,
standing) who as an avocation has studied for many years Senate investigators were told last week:
political operations in the United States, including In addition, witnesses before the Senate Antitrust
the assassinations by conspiracies (not *Jone assassins" ) of and Monopoly Subcommittee stated that often the
President John F. Kennedy, Senator Robert Kennedy, and division cnnot do its job properly because of polit-
Reverend Martin Luther ical pressure from the White House.
Three years &g0 in 1970, when we began to These two statements contain a worl of implications
lish this type of article, we could not have spoken Essentially , the Department of the United States Gov-
dently of "the assassination by conspiracies" of two ernment which is charged with enforcing certain U.S. laws
Kennedys and one But the articles we have against monopoly_ can no longer properly function because
lished which are listed and characterized on the follow- of (1) the enormous power of just one business, IBM, and
ing pages have together a remarkable impact_ (2) political pressure from the White House (this phrase is
Taken together, the information published May 1970 to establishmentese for *President Richard M. Nixon")
October 1973 in Computers and Automation effectively
destroys a segment of the beliefs, the rewritten his-
tory , that the establishment in the United States We must dig up facts, remember them, and write
arranged for people in the United States to believe. do history the way it is.
not assert that the establishment is a conscious organism We must take action to compel the persons who deceive
or organization; perhaps the best description is this:
a
us and lie to us to leave the government of the United
Joose confederation of overt conspiracies, silent conspir- States, such as Spiro Agnew , former Vice President.
acies, and biased wealthy persons, with very intelligent
orchestration stemming frem the Pentagon, the Central
Intelligence Agency and the Presidency , and with assists
Eakd <
e kZ1
from organized crime and the Mafia .
We challenge any fairminded person to read this col
paid
for
dirty
King:
May pub-
confi-
King: pub-
large
has
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The Watergate Crime
Articles Published in Computers ad Automation August 1972 to September 1973
Inventory of Titles, Authors, &d Summaries
1972
communicado and a prisoner reported on by 3 The June 1972 Raid 0 Democratic Head- Mrs. Mitchell and the editor of Parade
quarters Part magazine_
by Richard E. Sprague, Hartsdale, N.Y The Watergate Crime: An Eye-Witness Account
A report on five men who have numerous con- by Alfred Baldwin, 3rd
nections with the Republican the White A round-by-round account by & ex-FBL
agent, an
House, the Central Intelligence Agency, anti-Castro emplovee of the Republican Committee to Re-
Cubans, and plans for the assassination' of President elect the President; of what went on while five
John F_ Kennedy: and who were arrested seeking men burglarized the Watergate offices, June 17_
to Democratic National Headquarters at 2.30 2:30 a.m: Baldwin's main assignment was listening
a.m,, June 17, 1972. to bugged calls to the Democratic National
mittee.
October 1972
18 The Raid on Democratic Party Headquarters (The January 1973
Watergate Incident) Part 2 33 President Richard M. Nixon, the
of and the
by Richard E. Sprague, Hartsdale, N.Y. Watergate Incident
F Part 4
report on further developments in the June 1972 by Richard E. Sprague, Hartsdale, N.Y .
raid by James McCord; Bernard Barker, and others, How President Nixon lied in 1960 about the plans
on National Democratic Party Headquarters, and for_the Bay of Pigs Invasion, and is suppressing in
implications affecting a number of Republican 1972 the investigations of the Watergate Incidenz:
leaders &nd President Richard M Nixon:
March . 1973
November 1972 26 Watergate Crime and the Cover-Up Strategy
26 Bernard L. Barker: Portrait of & Watergate Burglar Part 5
by Edmund C Berkeley, Editor, Computers and bv Richard E. Sprague, Hartsdale, NY.
Automation report on the trial of E. Howard Hunt, James
How 2 cloak and dagger operative and right-wing McCord , Bernard Barker and four other persons
activist, who was caught as a burglar in the Water- for their raid on Democratic National Committee
gate Hotel offices of the Democratic National Headquarters in June 1972 using funds Of the Re
Headquarters, looks at himself and his line of work publican Committee for the Re-Election of the
Walter Sheridan
S Democrats' Investigator? or Re-
President; and the strategies of cover-up that
publicans' Countermeasure? have been employed_
by Richard E, Sprague, Hartsdale, NY _
June 1973 Walter Sheridan, recently employed by the Demo-
cratic National Committee to investigate the 26 Watergate: What More is There to Hide? Part 6
Watergate Incident, may actually be a
'counter-
by Richard E. Sprague, Hartsdale, N.Y_
measure by the Republicans to defeat the Demo- How investigation into the Watergate Crime is
cratic investigation. leading to ramifications and implications, and
what are some more of the now hidden connec:
December 1972 tions that may be revealed_
24 The Raid on Democratic Headquarters (The August 1973
Watergate Incident) Part 3 36 Lessons of Watergate Part 7 by Richar E, Sprague, Hartsdale, N,Y _
report on further
by Richard E. Sprague, Hartsdale, N.Y.
1972 raid
developments in the June The collection of Watergate Crimes; the anatomy
by James McCord _ Bernard Barker and of & 'Reallv Big American Cover-Up' other others, on National Democratic Headquarters, @ses Of American end implications affecting a number of Republican
the implications and
Cover-Ups' and
leaders and President Richard M. Nixon: ramifications
26 Martha Mitchell and the Watergate Incident September 1973
by Martha Mitchell, the magazine Parade, and
37 Six Richard E. Sprague Parallels of 25 Years Ago
How Martha Mitchell (wife of by Hiss
General .Inhn Mlitchell)
ini9c mclctna 35X
Attorney
an establishment attacked Hiss
August
Party
Party ,
bug
Com-
Bay Pigs ,
The
Party
Party Really Big
Alger
former How Alger
6
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Political Assassinations in the United States
Articles Published in Computers and Automation 1970 to October 1973
Inventory ot Titles, Authors, and Summaries
1970 Frogress Report
The Assassination of President John F Kennedy: by Richard E. Sprague
The Application of Computers to the Photographic
Evidence October 1970
bv Richard E. Sprague 52 The Conspiracy to Assassinate Senator Robert F_
A reexamination of some of the evidence relating Kennedy &d the Second Conspiracy to Cover It Up
to the assassination of John F. Kennedy with by Richard E: Sprague
emphasis on the possibilities ad problems of summary of what researchers are uncovering in
computerized analysis of the photographic evi- their investigation of what appears to be not one
dence. but two conspiracies relating to the assassination
of Senator Robert F Kennedy.
1970
56 Index to "Special Unit Senator: The Investigation of
The May Article, "The Assassination of President
the Assassination of Senator Robert F_ Kennedy" John F, Kennedy: The Application of Computers to
An index is supplied for the Random House book
the Photographic Evidence Report No. 2:
32 More About Jim Hicks
written by Robert A. Houghton, of the Los
32 Confirmation of FBI Knowledge 12 Before
Angeles Police Department, about the investigation
Dallas of & to Kill President
of the assassination of Senator Robert F. Kennedy:
Kennedy
35 The Second Conspiracy About the Assassination
November 1970
of President Kennedy
Confidential and Secret Documents of the Warren
August 1970 Commission Deposited in the U.S. Archives
The Assassination of Senator Robert F Kennedy: by Neil Macdonald, Assistant Editor
48 Preface, by Edmund C. Berkeley A list of the subjects of over 200 documents of
50 Two Men With Guns Drawn at Senator Kennedy's the Warren Commission which were classified con-
Assassination: Statement to the Press, by Theo_ fidential, secret, ad top secret:
dore Charach
50 Map of the Scene of the Assassination of Senator December 1970
Robert Kennedy 39 The Assassination of Reverend Martin Luther King
51 The Pantry Where Senator Robert Kennedy was The Role of James Earl Ray, ad the Question
Assassinated of Conspiracy
52 Bullet Hole in the Frame of a by Richard E. Sprague
53 Two Bullet Holes in the Center Divider of the James Earl Ray says he was coerced into entering
Pantry Door plea of guilty to killing Martin Luther King
and contrary evidence (plus other evidence) have
September 1970 led to filing of legal petitions for relief_
Patterns of Political Assassination: How Coin-
cidences Make 8 Plot? January 1971
by Edmund C. Berkelev, Editor , Computer ad 45 The Death of Walter Reuther: Accidental or Planned?
Automation by Edmund C. Berkeley ad Leonard Walden
How the science of probability &d statistics can Some significant questions about the plane crash
be used as an instrument of decision to determine in 1970 in which Walter Reuther was killed_
if & rare event is: (I) within a reasonable range; February 1971
(2) unusual or strange or suspicious; or (3) the re-
48 The Report of the National
sult of correlation or cause or conspiracy: Committee to Investigate
Assassinations
48 Computer-Assisted Analysis of Evidence Regarding
by Bernard Fensterwald, James Lesar , and Robert
AL
May
May
July
Days
Plot
Jt "
Door
Many
May
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13-00000
What the National Committee in Washington, D.C. blocked his investigation in more than a dozen
is doing about computerizing files of evidence, in-
ways:
itiating lawsuits to obtain information, etc;; &nd
September 1971
comments on two new books by District Attorney
Jim Garrison and Robert Blair Kaiser 26 The Federal Bureau of Investigation and the Assassi -
nation of President Kennedy
March 1971 by Bernard Fensterwald, Attorney
35 Assassination ot President Kennedy: The Ap- How J. Edgar Hoover ad the FBI withheld much
plication of Computers to the Photographic Evi- pertinent information from the Warren Commis-
dence" Comment sion, flooded them with irrelevant information, ad
35 1, Another View , by Benjamin L, Schwartz, PhD_ altered some important evidence, thus concealing
A polemical attack on "The Assassination of
Oswald'$ connections with the FBI,
President Kennedy: the Application of Com-
puters to the Photographic Evidence by
October 1971
Richard E. Sprague published 1970. The Assassination of President Kennedy Declassi-
40 I. Response , by Edmund C. Berkeley, Editor fication of Relevant Documents from the National
45 District Attorney Jim Garrison on the Assassination Archives
of President Kennedy: A Review of Heritage of Stone
by Richard E. Sprague
by Neil Macdonald, Assistant Editor The titles of the documents ad other evidence
indicate convincingly that Lee Harvey Oswald was
April 1971 trained in spy work by the CIA before his visit to
32 The Right of Equal Access to Government Russia; etc: Like the Pentagon Papers, these doc-
Information uments should be declassified
by the National Committee to Investigate Assassi- November 1971
nations, Washington , D.C.
24 The Assassination of President Kennedy: The Pattern
1971 of Coup d'Etat ad Public Deception
27 The Assassination of President Kennedy: The Spatial by Edmund C Berkeley, Editor , Computers and
Chart of Events in Dealey Plaza Automation
by Robert B. Cutler, Architect Five significant, eye-opening events from May 1970
The chart, first published in May 1970, is revised to October 1971, showing patterns of coup d'etat,
and brought up to date. assassination, and concealment; and some predic-
tions.
June 1971
The Case of Secret Service Agent Abraham W. Bolden December 1971
by Bernard Fensterwald , Attorney, Executive Di- 32 The Assassination of President John F. Kennedy: A
rector, National Committee to Investigate Assassi- Model for Explanation
nations by Vincent J. Salandria , Attorney; Philadelphia , Pa_
Bolden wanted to tell the Warren Commission A study of the reasons why a great deal of the
about & Chicago plot to kill President Kennedy, Federal government's own evidence in the assassi-
and was jailed six Years on
a framed-up charge nation of President John F_ Kennedy declared
for trying to do so. 'conspiracy" and a hypothesis, supported by
July 1971 considerable evidence, about why the President
51
was assassinated and how the implications of that
Central Intelligence Agency and The New York
action were to be signaled to those who could
Times
read the signals_
by Samuel F_ Thurston, Newton, Mass.
The of systematic suppression of questions
The Strategy of Truth-Telling
about the assassination of President John F_ by Edmund C. Berkeley
Kennedy, &d a hypothesis. Editorial
January 1972
August 1971
37 Jim
Spotlight on McGeorge Bundy ad the White House
Garrison, District Attorney, Orleans Parish, vs
Situation Room
the Federal Government by Robert B. Cutler_ Manchester Mass_ by Bernard Fensterwald , Attorney, Executive Di-
An argument that the 'Ione assassin no con- rector , National Committee to Investigate Assassi-
spiracy announcement from the White House
nations Situation Room could have resulted from infor-
How District Attorney Jim Garrison of New mation available in Dallas and Washington prior to
Orleans became interested in the New Orleans
the announcement and thus does
phase of the assassination of President Kennedy; not actually
demonstrate that someone there had a guilty fore-
and how the Federal government frustrated & knowledge of the shooting:
"The
May
May
The
issue
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February 1972 Jenuary 1973
Who Shot President Kennedy? L Or and Fable The Frenchman Who Was To Kill Kennedy
in History by Philippe Bernert &d Camille Gilles, L'Aurore_
by Gareth Jenkins, Weston, Mass. Paris, France; translated by Ann K, Bradley
How the physical evidence actually published by English translation of the French newspaper re-
the Warren Commission relating to the assassina- port on Jose Luis Romero, which was reprinted
tion of President John F. Kennedy shows con- in French in the December issue.
clusively that more than one man was responsible 40 Why Distrust the Romero Story
for the shooting contrary to the Commission'$ by Robert P. Smith, Director of Research, Commit-
own report. tee to Investigate Assassinations, Washington, D.C.
The Romero report reprinted from L'Aurore has
March, April;, June 1972 many earmarks indicating that it is very difficult
t0 believe.
Dalles: Who, How, Why? (in four parts)
by Mikhail Sagatelyan, Moscow USSR
long report published in Leningrad, USSR , by February 1973
an ace Soviet reporter about the circumstances of 26 Analysis of the Autopsy on President John F
the assassination Of President John F_ Kennedy, nedy, and the Impossibility of the Warren Commis-
and their significance from a Soviet point of view _ sion's "Lone Assassin" Conclusion
by Cyril H: Wecht, M.D,, Institute of Forensic
Sciences, Pittsburgh, Pa.
July 1972
The coroner of Allegheny County, Pa., reports on
32 The Shooting of Presidential Candidate George C. his examination of the evidence that still remains
Wallace: A Systems-Analysis Discussion (some of it is missing) locked up in the National
by Thomas Stamm, Bronx, N.Y . and Edmund C. Archives of the United States, not accessible to
Berkeley , Editor ordinary investigators
An analysis of the shooting of Governor Wallace
30 U.S. Electronic Espionage: A Mamoir Part 1
of Alabama; and a discussion of systematic methods by Ramparts , Berkeley , Calif:
for protecting American leaders violent at- How the U.S. National Security Agency intercepts,
tacks: decodes, and understands almost all secret ad top
10 The Shooting of Governor George C Wallace, Can- secret electronic communications and signals of all
didate for President nations all over the world:
by Edmund C. Berkeley, Editor
Editorial
March 1973
September 1972 31 U. $. Electronic Espionage: A Memoir T Part 2
24 The Assassination of Senator Robert F. Kennedy: by Ramparts, Berkeley , Calif,
Proofs of Conspiracy &d of Two Persons Firing How the National Security Agency intercepted ad
by Richard E. Sprague, Hartsdale, N:Y_ decoded enemy messages in order to direct bomb-
A review ad summary of the evidence showing ing strikes in Viet Nam, and often failed; and how
conclusively the fact of conspiracy ad the pres- the hideousness of what the American military
ence of two guns firing, at the time of the assassi- forces were doing in Southeast Asia finally led
nation of Senator Robert F. Kennedy. this interviewee to resigning and terminating:
November 1972 April;, 1973
32 The Central Intelligence Agency: A Short History to The New Orleans Portion of the Conspiracy to As-
Mid-1963 Part sssinate President John F. Kennedy
by James Hepburn, author of Farewell America Articles:
The unverified , but probably largely true, secret (1) by Edmund C. Berkeley, in the April issue; (2)
history of the Central Intelligence Agency of the by Jim Garrison, in the April issue; (3) by F. Irving
US: as a preliminary to its involvement in the Dymond, in the May issue; (4) by Jim Garrison, in
assassination of President John F. Kennedy: the issue
On November 20, 1972, the Supreme Court of the
United States refused to permit Jim Garrison, Dis-
December 1972
trict Attorney, New Orleans, to prosecute
The Central Intelligence Agency: A Short History to Shaw for perjury. On November 21 , Jim Garrison
Mid-1963 Part 2 issued a statement commenting On this refusal,
38 Le Francais Qui Devait Tuer Kennedy (The French- which is Article 4 of this set; Article 1 is an intro-
man Who Was To Kill Kennedy) duction; Articles 2 and 3 are opening statements
Fact
May,
Ken-
from
May
Four
May
Clay
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13-00000
F. Irving Dymond, attorney for the defendant, in Hertlein Continued page 19
the' February 1969 trial of Clay Shaw in New human failing Even the Most broad-minded practi-
Orleans; Shaw was charged bY the grand jury tioner is bound by his or her capacities and phi los-
ophy and it requires a deliberate and concerted ef- with 'having conspired with David W. Ferrie and
fort to rema i n open-minded , and t0 appreciate varied
Lee Harvey Oswald to murder President John F_ approaches that are not in accord with one 5 own
Kennedy in regard to which the trial jury temporary aesthetic parameters One discerns com -
found Clay Shaw 'not guilty puter artists who prefer natural or man-made pat -
terns and sound $ VS those who desire oly mathe -
@atics_ electronic and computer sounds sans the
May 1973 human touch _ There are those who exploit two Or
three-dimensiona ] static images VS , the creators Burying Facts and Rewiting History who prefer moving permutations in flux, declaiming
by Edmund C. Berkeley, Editor , Computers &d that the computer is a perceptual medium, and there-
Automation fore should not be imprisoned in static' form, 1.e
cybernetic art is 'pure idea ad infinitum Ironi Taken together_ the information published
cally, even the newest of the arts appears destined 1970 to 1973 in Computers and Automation to hardening Within specific schools 0f thought - effectively destrovs a large segment of the beliefs,
with separatist camps warring in expression
the rewitten history, that the establishment in and debate_
the United States has arranged for the people in summaryy
the United States to believe.
It is Obvious that the concept 0f manipulation
and processing via the computer is merely the first
stage Of cybernetic creation. Even now, far beyond
June, July 1973 the statements 0f the artistic problem and aesthetic _
persona l variation is a vast open territory that
36 The Americn News Media and the Assassination of is being explored by questioning , hardy intellec -
tual pioneers as seek t0 perceive the inner
Fresident John F Kennedy: Accessories After the anatomy of art and Josophy
Fact (in two parts)
by Richard E. Sprague, Hartsdale, N.Y. Wha t Is style?
An examination of what happened in many im- What constitutes the aesthetic? How may this
be accompli shed? portant American news organizations, to cover up What is art? Music? Sculpture? Dance?
and hide the facts about how President John F_ Poetry?
Kennedy was actually assassinated in Dallas: Wha t is science? Ma thematics?
Is art purely the man-made The sound 0f
the human voice , or playing music upon
September 1973 man-made instruments? The painting and
sculpting Of man with hand-held too]s?
Establishments and Truth Is art a part 0f life_ embracing The ordin-
by Edmund C. Berkeley, Editor , Computers ad ary the anima 1 and natural sounds? The
Automation patterns carved by the winds sand$ and
the water?
The nature of &n establishment as a system Is art perceptual, a mere fleeting moment or
38 Parallel of 1963 experience in time, or is it perma nent, en-
by Marguerite C. Oswald, Ft: Worth, Texas during?
Wha t is the optimum role 0f man in 8 cyber- The ignoring of evidence of conspiracy regarding
netic society?
Lee Harvey Oswald a parallel to the Watergate What 15 the role 0f ,art in a technology-ori
Over-up: ented world?
What is the symbiosis of man-and-the-machine?
What is thinking?
October 1973 What is creativity?
Is man the measure of all things?
21 The Framing of Lee Harvey Oswald
by Richard E, Sprague, Hartsdale, N.Y.
When man uses the computer as an aid in creation, When Lee Harvey Oswald was arrested , Nov. 22,
Or when he attempts to create heuristic art, his 1963, for the assassination of President John F_ mind finds new questions to explore and t0 answer
Kennedy, 'he said to his captors in the Dallas jail It appears highly possible that a renewed perception
cell, "Im a patsy A review of the evidence 0f life and the arts awa i ts present and future gen-
(including 18 photographs) proves that Oswald erations 0f man , and that this may be partially ac -
16
comp Ii shed by eliminating the boundaries of compart -
was a patsy, and that he was 'framed for the mentelized disciplines , and by wa lking freely be -
murder of President Kennedy although estab- tween art and ence by combining interdisciplin-
lishmentese American history denies it. ary practices and materials, to hopefully bring
forth the ideaL 0f an open, growing and dimensional
perception 0f art/life for the human rate
Editor S This paper is published in accord_
ance with a new editorial policy 0f a ] lowi ng writers
{reer expression , with no editing by the editors , in
the hope that greater variety of expression and
ideas will result for the benefit 0f readers .
from
Clay
May
May
"Vs .
they
phi
sci
Note:
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Classilied Advertisement
Correction
THE COLLEGE OF
In the July 1973 issue of Computers adAutomation,
PETROLEUM & MINERALS 0 single article entitled "Communication Three -
Chimpanzee Man , Computer" was published Part
1 was authored by Larry B. Dendy of the Public Rela- Dhahran, Saudi Arabia tions Office of the University of Georgia and Part 2
was authored by Ernst von Glasersfeld et 2 of the
University of Georgia and the Yerkes Regional Prim-
This major technical university, serving the petro- ate Research Center of Emory University
Jeum and minera)s 1 ndustry is seeking candidates
{or instructional faculty in a new Co] of Indus- In compliance with the authors" wishes , the two
trial Management Department of DATA PROCESSING and parts 0f that article have been reprinted as two
INFORMATION SCIENCES separate articles The first article is authored
solely by Larry B. Dendy and is titled _ "Comunica-
Program wi }] closely follow ACM curriculum committee tion Three Chimpanzee Man _ Computer. The
reconmendations on Computer Education for Management . second article is authored by Ernst von Glasersfeld
Sophisticated configuration IBM 370/155 avai lable and his colleagues from the Yerkes Primate Re search
AI) instruction in English . Appointments will be at Center and Georgia State Uni versity and is titled
appropriate Academic Ranks for which candidates A Computer Mediates Communication with a Chimpanzee_
qualify, and be effective 1 September 1974_ Persona l AIso , and in compliance with the authors wishes all
interviews will be arranged after submission 0f doc- figures and tables of the article as published in
umentation. the July 1973 issue have been included in the second
Of these articles _
PROFESSOR (a1] Ranks )
Ph . D . in Information Science i neering or In the 1973 annual index Computers _ and_Automation
related fields; 3 to 5 years teaching experi - will enter the two articles in this manner which
ence extensive experience with commercial sys - serve5 to separate a regular article from a formal
tems and management information systems broad scientific and technical report .
knowledge of da ta processing} nformation system
education- detailed knowledge of languages ,
methods hardware and software evaluation used
in commercia] data processing cation.
LECTURER/ INSTRUCTOR PROGRAMHING and COMPUTER Did You ENJOY This ISSUE OF
SYSTEMS (a)1 Ranks) COMPUTERS AND AUTOMATION
M.B.A. or M.Sc , in Business Administration or
similar academic qualifications two to three
Would you Iike to send it at no cost to some friends of yours,
years experience in government _ business or in- with a message?
dustry in area of computer sy stemS , programming We'Il join you half-way you send us his name and address
and systems ana lysi s previous teaching experi- (with zip) and the message, and we will send the issue and
ence highly desirable bu t not essentia l spe - your message to him TOGETHER WITH a gentle 'soft-sell
cific instructiona ] capabi lity: Programmi ng invitation to subscribe to Computers and Automation:
(COBOL) Information Structures Storage and We have set aside a hundred copies of this issue for this pur-
Management Sorting and Searching Ha rdware / pose: So a5 they we can carry Out your request. Software c)nfiguration and Evaluat ion ; File
Systems Da ta Management Systems Communication
Just fill in the following and send it to us:
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ba copied On jny piece ot paper)
LECIURER /INSTRUCTOR INFORMATION SYSTEMS (al! To: Computers and Auromation and People
Ranks) 815 Washington Newvrtonville, MA 02160
M.B.A. or M.Sc . in Business Administration or request that vou send a COpY of the issue Of
Management two to three years experience in Computers and Automation &d People to
Business Systems and Management Information with
1 Name My work in both sy stem s ana lysis and design ; pre - Message
vious teaching experience highly desirable but Address
not essential _ Specific instructional capabili-
ties Systems Organization or Management Basic
Analysi $ to0$ Systems Implementation; Manage - 2 Name pent Systems Systems Life Cycle (~Range messag8
Planni ng; Systems Development Scheduling and Address
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Name My ma% Please send detailed professional resume and address
01] inquiries to Address
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c/o Saudi Arabian Educational Mi ssion
880 Third Avenue 17th Floor My nme &nd address (and zip) are attached 8m wubscriber t New York N.Y 10022 Computers &nd Automation &d Feople
Way "
lege
Way
Eng
aPpli
long last,
(may
Sl ,
Long
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Virtue, in Spite of Erroneous Conceptions
J P Frankel
Dean of the Faculty
Harvey Mudd College
Claremont, Calit: 91711
think of knowledge & knowing how-to-do-it, wisdom & knowing whether-to-do-it,
and virtue (ifthe enswer is yes) as doing-it:"
In this article, I mean virtue in a much narrowet have no more to say about how their discoveries are
Bense than the theologians , and I mean erroneous con- used than Christopher Columbus did.
ceptfons In a much broader sense than planners of
parenthood, As for the engineers , they have more to say about
the uses of science since they are the ones who
Let me first speak of virtue choose which Of science s ideas wil] be applied but
in turn have almost no way at present rf iden-
He think of knowledge a5 knowing hOw-to-do-it, tifying the public interest, and even Jess in determ-
Msdom &s knowing whether-to-do-it, and virtue &8 ining which products or processes should be produced
doing It. In this sense _ at least in the universi- t0 serve it_
tles , we think of scientists as knowing _ the human-
Ists a5 wise , and the engineers and other techni- Moratorium on Science?
cians (doctors, nurses social workers and the like)
08' virtuous , that is, the do_ers_ Ne wil] return to this matter Of choice, but first
Jet s eliminate from the list of reasonable alterna-
Tha World is Full of Problems tives facing society, the silly and dangerous notion
Of 8 moratorium on science_
Now the world is full of problems where we need to
know how t0 do it_ whether to do it, and (if the an- The notion in the moratorium idea is that if
swer Is yes) t0 do it. Each 0f us can make his own you can t control it , you shouldn t do it. There-
MIst of pressing social problems: pollution, arms fore , we are urged , don t_ do any more science until
JImitation, or population growth_ Fortunately we are (presumably) the humanists devise suitable controls
reasonably well supplied with scientists, humani sts The trouble with this kind of conceptual contracep-
and technicians To understand why we sti]l have tion is two-fold In the first place _ as Pau] Salt-
these urgent prob lems let US turn t0 erroneous con- man has pointed out eloquent ly you can' t forbid
ceptfons_ koowing any more than you can forbid wri poetry
Science can be slowed down of course by driving it
The erroneous conceptions I wish t0 dea] with underground but even if we slowed it way down, there
here are Js no evidence that we have either knowledge or wi s -
dom enough to control its application, unless we
That It 1s within the power of scjentists and change s ome 0f our habits.
engineers t0 choose to work only on projects
"In the public Interest, and Ienorance and Fear Lead to Irrationality
Tbat the market place is where one discovers
the public interest . One habft that needs correction has t0 do with the
thinking ad feeling processes of the humanists
Choica of Projects to Work o the 1 osophers, if you will who presumably are
to show us how t0 behave _ Too often they are igno- Critics seem to assume that scientists and engi- rant or fearful of science and engineering Wha t one
deers are {ree t0 choose their projects and C omp lain Is Ignorant or fearful of _ he cannot dea ] with in 8 that they fai) to consider the rea] publc interest _ ratfona] way There is no possibility that We can Sclentists may be {ree to choose their work , but they Jearn t0 contro] what we do by some non-rationa]
Daced on remarks delivered on Joseph C. Wilson November 10_ process , such a5 satori, using ystically-fashioned
1072, Ut the University of Rochester , Rochester, N,Y _ Playlng cards_ etc , Contro] over what we do wiml
"Ne
they
key
ting
Phi
Day_
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13-00000
ha ve to be done rationally _ I also believe that it pol lution caused by internal combustion engines by
Ml have t0 be by humanist s_ and that before usIng electric autos , for example . If S0 we may
they can do it, we have someh Ow to lower , or at Jeast replace polluted air in the cities with polluted
make more Permeable _ the barrier that separates the streams out in the country where the new massjve
Two Cultures _ We wil] come back [o this point later. power Plants are, Or we can replace with solar
Before that Jet us return t0 the notion that engi- energy the fissfonable ma terials or f0ssi] {uels we
neers choose what they wil] work on . pow use for power; however at least in the near
future_ we would then have either much Jess energy The Choices of Engineers or @uch more costly energy and fewer jobs and more
poverty. (Some among us tend to paint even blacker
Most engIneers do not make cosmic choices Pictures Point out that our society gave up do not decide that this product wi ]l be built and slavery only when our technology developed t0 the
that one won t be _ Practically all engineers, 1 sus- Point where machines were cheaper than slaves _ Is Pect, work for Other engineers _ who work for Others, it Possible that we could deliberately reverse this
Mo work in C ompanies where the products are deter- process and end up With clean air, but with slaves?)
mined not by science or philosophy, but by market
anaJysfs _ Now market analysis has C ome a way This charac teristic of tIght linkage_ or insep-
sInce the days of the Edsel, and it often guesses arabflity Of the blg problems_ also suggests that spurately, although not a lways S0 , what the public we cannot rely Vpon the ordinary market-place mech-
interested in buying. But what the public buys is anisms to determine how we employ our technology to not decessari ly what it needs _ solve out problems _
The Market-Place Guessing Game
Very Difticult Problems
Ne buy those things that are offered for sa le
that are better (in some vague way ) than the alter-
datives available to us Except for advertising or The third characteristic of our prob lems .that
other ways 0f influencing public opinion, the basic forces vS to reconsider the mechani sms of choice
mechanf Si 0f the market-place is a gues= game is tha t our prob lems are s0 very difficult_ The
this product, see if it sells . If it does, fig- technical solutions do not exist outside of socia]
ure out what It was about it that sold, and push a considerations The social costs outweigh such uS-
Iittle harder . If this one does not sell, retrench ua] factor costs a5 ma terials, labor and capital,
: Jittle, or gamble on another change and S0 on _ Our cities present much tougher lems than put-
Advertising and public opinion do piay important ting man on the moon , As someone smarter than but
roles how else explain S0 many different labels unknown to me has said, m 'We couldn t have put a
on the same bar of soap, the same automobi Je? man on the moon 1f the moon had been inhabi ted"
but the decision a5 to how the engineers" skills
wi 1l be used has, in the past, been largely deter- World-wide and Nation-wide Problems
@fned by the instantaneous outcome 0f the market
game _ All these characteristics , and others that I've
left out, such 85 geographica] diversity some
Major Civil Problems prob Lems are not local nor even regiona] 0r nation-
01, but world-wide suggest that the organizations
Now please do not Mi sunderstand me The market- needed for these new probiem-solving teams differ
Place mechani sms are important for determining soap considerably from those of even our biggest, most
or automobile styles I believe that criteria 0f diversified companies, or else tha t we need S Ome
risk-and-return of investment are elements of our super-industrial team of coordinators _ who are t0 be
decision-making processes that we could discard only responsive not to the elements of the market-place
at great peril L0 our society_ What I am saying is but rather to the public interest. Whether that
that the major civil problems pollution, poverty, public is regional, or na t iona } or world-wide, some-
and population density, for examples , are not likely one who has thought this problem further through
t0 be defined by market analysis _ must tell. My ow thoughts_ tempered by a certain
sourly pragmatic view 0f the interac tions of vari-
These problems , for which acceptable solutions ous nationa] governments _ suggests that the approach
are needed , share these characteristics @ost likely to succeed in the near future is the na -
tiona ] one .
First , they cross product classification lines _
and Involve more than one sector of the economy Tha National Science and Priorities Act
are not just problems of the auto industry_ or
the mining companies , or manufacturing-but-not-
service-industries invo]ve all of these
The essentials of a first step in a na t jona] Plan
AI] the skils that a]l these sec t ors employ may are contained in the Nationa] Science Policy and
have to be applied t0 these problems _ The cement
Priorities Act = which, among other things sets up
Plants In the C ountry and the transport c ompanies in
procedures for contracting out to universities, com-
the have pollution problems that differ only in
panies and Other organizations - the research and de-
detail. To expect them to do the necessary research velopment necessary for solution 0f the major civi]
anddeve nt: separately, each with his eye on his prob lems _ inc luding the design of civi] science sys_
own segment of the market , is t0 postpone until tems whether an agency Iike NASA should be set uP,
wuch too late If not {orever _ salving even the a5 the Ac t says or whether a existing agency
sma } Jer part $ of our prob]ems _ The prob lems S0 t0
should supervise new programs is a ma tter of de-
speak , are too bate_ The importance [0 Our discussion is that some
federaL {unding agency not the various produc t
market-places should establish the priorities and These Problems are Hardly Separable {und the solutions to our civil problems _
As you see this bill or Act or plan makes 0 In the same way _ the major civf } prob Lems are not first epproach to nationalizing the solutfon to na- readily separable . One can reduce he amuinf of afr 0n9 nrak 3mc 7 4 K^
done
They They
long
sing
Try
prob_
Policy
They
they
city
lopmee
big.
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NUMBLES
tol lec tIons of scientific . humanistic and engineer-
Ing talent, that either 8 lready exist in the aero- Neil Macdonald
companies_ universities and think tanks or Assistant Editor
can be collec ted there. In essence this bill Computers and Automation
solves one aspec t of the problem. Il replaces sma]l
or Joca] orslng ommodity market-places with a
aati ona) ma rket-place based on na iona ] needs . I
suspect that the new agency wi 11 find that big aero-
space Ce ompanies usually do not have the necessary
Mix of telent $ _ although probably do have the A "numble is an arithmetical problem in which: digits
necessary organization. The versities on the have been replaced by capital letters; and there are two
other hand probably do have the necessary mix of messages, one which can be read right away and 3 second
talents, but probably do not have the proper organ-
ization. It seems however to be 0 logical first one in the digit cipher _ The problem is to solve for the
'step, and the sooner the bi]] bec omes law, the digits.
sooner we can begin to solve our problems
International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis
Each capital letter in the arithmetical problem stands for
just one digit 0 to 9 A digit may be represented by more
An example % the internationa) approach is the than one letter. The second message, which is expressed in
recently established International Institute 0f Ap- numerical digits, is to be translated (using the sme key )
Plfe ESystems Analysis in Vienna as 0 joint venture into letters s0 that it may be read; but the spelling uSe$ of our National Academy of Sciences and the Soviet
Academy_ among others Since wi 1] operate on puns or is otherwise irregular _ to discourage cryptanalytic
ebout three-and-a-half mi lion dollars a year (the methods of deciphering:
Civfl Science part of the National Science Policy
and Priorities Act allots an average 0f 270 mi llion We invite our readers to send us solutions, together with
Per year for three years) it is unrea sonable to ex-
Pect anything more than papers for publication to
human programs Or computer programs which will produce
come out Of Vienna_ The internationa effort wil] the solutions.
result In more knowledge and wi sdom; on the pro-
posed na tional budget we could become virtuous as
Nell _
NUMBLE 7311
In Order to be Virtuous
One Must be Wise a&d Knowing 1 F Y 0 U
One final caution. I hope have not heard X G | V E
me suggest that oly scientists and engineers are
capable of leading us out Of the thicket of diffi- Y L uy | T
cultfes we are in. I am not advocating technocracy_
tbat totalitarian phi losophy which says that only
Y 0 T R U 0 GV = CU
engineers can lead us I do not believe that for E U E U U E
one moment , nor does anyone who knows enough engi-
neers and scientists. There is no reason t0 believe T Y C U 0 R
that as a class, are any more capable 0f
leading our people than, say , the lawyers _ C T U | 0 U 0 V T 327897972
I would rather that you heard Me say that no
longer is it virtue merely to do it_ but rather
that in order to be virtuous one must also be wi se
and also khowi ng. Solution to Numble 7310
Our Leaders Must Be Part Scientist_ In Numble 7310 in the October issue, the digits
Part Humanist, and Part Engineer through 9 are represented by letters 2s follows:
We will need new kinds of agencies and organiza - W =5
tions to define the public interest" and t0 find
ways Of organizing the talent s that may so]ve Some P = 6
of our problems . But organizations universities
8nd corporations and public agencies are built by E = 2 T = 7
people, led by ofher peop le. So our leaders must be
part scientist . part humani st , and part engineer , S = 3 R = 8
end Must use wha t have_ not in response t0 h=4 =9
some particular markef-place _ but in the true public
Interest _ Not nearly enough people wi ] ] be born
with these charac teristics. They will have to be
The message is: Eat what is ripe_
educated .
If this sounds Jike a very tal] order t0 put t0
8n education system it is. Our thanks to the following individuals for submitting
But we should be encouraged [0 redesign our edu- their solutions to Numble 7310: Edward A. Bruno. N.
cation systems to help produce such people, not onJy Bergen, NJ: to Numble 739: Edward A. Bruno, N: Ber-
because we have t0 (God knows we do) if" mankind i$ gen, NJ:; T: P Finn, Indianapolis, Ind_ to Numble 738:
t0o survive but aIso because we know it is pos=
sible. Nihan Lloyd-Thurston, S. Nutfield , Surrey, Englnd:
space
le-c
they
uni
they
you
they,
they they
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Nixon and the Mafia Conclusion
Jeff Gerth
Contributing Editor
SunDance Magazine
1913 Fillmore St,
San Francisco , Calif. 94115
"Organlzed crime wili put a man in the White House someday, ad he won't
even know ituntil they hand him the bill.
Ralph Salerno
casino on Paradise Island in the Bahamas The ubiq-
Part 1 0f "Nixon and the Mafia" wa $ published in Witous Sir Stafford Sands handled the legalities -
the September issue of 'Computers and Automation" Knowl edgeable observers ooked for the mystery man _
Part 2 in the Oct ober issue. Part 3 begins here and a Justice Department memo dated January 18,
with further information about the relation of 1966 , predicted that "the atmosphere seems ripe for
President-to-be Richard M Nixon with shady trans-
& Lansky skim"
actions in the Bahamas
After Pindling S election , Groves was forced out
and the Mary Carter Paint Company had itself two new
Shakeup in the Bahamas casinos . At the 1967 opening 0f one 0f them the
Nassau Club the honored guest was Richard
By the middle Sixties there wa s a storm brewing _ Nixon _
Internal friction had forced out a few people like
Lou Ches]er while a wave 0f public investigations The following year " 1968 the other. Mary Car-
were blaring the role of underworld figures like ter Club the Paradise Island Casino opened for
Meyer Lansky _ The 1967 Royal Comission of Inquiry business The owners felt close enough t0 Nixon to
als0 dredged up another familiar name Richard offer him use 0f their facilities during the 1968
Nixon Bepublican Convention . Nixon felt more comfortable
at Bi scayne , but some 0f his staff took up the
Testimony before the Royal Commi ssion by Max Offer
Courteney _ a Lansky lieutenant detailed a
bookmaking career and brought ut the names 0f a
Carter Becomes Resorts International
large clientele, including the then ex-Vice Presi-
dent Richard Nixon In 1969 Mary Carter now cal led Resorts Inter-
national reluctantly "released one Dino Cellini .
claiming that while he 'had a relatively unsavory
Mary Carter Paint background he had no crimina] record _ no criminal
The Royal Commission also bared a deal which im-
associates" Cellini hopped across the water to
Plicated Richard Nixon far more deeply than passing Mi ami where , according to Dade County Sheriff In-
telligence Reports, he continued to work in conjunc~ mention by an underground bookie.
tion with Paradi se Island Casino_ The reports
lege that Cellini was an almost daily visitor to Re- In 1967 Lyndon Pindling became the first black
sorts International $ Miami office where he checked premier ever to serve the almost one hundred percent
black citizenry of the island Pindling was hardly credits and worked with a company booking junket $ to
the Paradise Island Casino .
8 revolutionary however for among the people in-
strumental in putting him in office was a gambl er
There are those who maintain that Cellini s con- close to Lansky named Mike McLaney The Royal Com-
mission branded McLaney a "thoroughly dangerous nections with Resorts International symbolize the
son and accused him 0f maneuvering Pindling into at
influence 0f Lansky . In a 197} editorial , the Las
Ieast one deal involving a questionable gambl Vegas Sun concluded an eleven part series on organ-
concession . ized crime some 0f which centered on Resort s In-
ternational by charging that "however cloaked and
Part of the post-election controversy wa $ a com_
cleverly concealed by the guardians gambl ing in the
Pa ny based in Tampa which bore the innocuous name 0f Bahama $ is controlled by Mleyer Lansky and it has
Carter Paint Company been establi shed in police intelligence reports that
the fee is fifteen percent 0f the gross income The
In 1965 Lansky s front-man (and former Key Bis- now defunct Toronto_Telegram reported in 1970 that
cayne landowner ) Wallace Groves filed a joint ap-
"observers belTeve that the resourceful Lansky is
pl ication with the Mary Carter Company to open
still managing to get his cut from the Bahamas
Aeprinted with permission (rom SunDance Magazine, November-December_ Resorts International _ through its ninety-one
1972, Volume 1. Number 3, published by &nd copyright by Running percent owned subsidiary Intertel , has denied all
1913 Fillmore San Francisco, Calit: 94115 ellegations 0f invo] vement with organized ct ime _ It
Bay
Key
1ong
Mary
a) -
per -
ing
#Mary
Dog;
Im-, St:.
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13-00000
7as Intertel that ITT hired in 1972 to snoop on co] - Bichard Nixon , a man with both visible and invis-
umnist Jack Anderson . ible links to the underworld and itics 0f pre~
Castro Cuba turns "p in the Bahama s with very simi
The latest and possibly most damaging charge in lar links, bringing some big names along with him.
the Resorts Internationa] battle came in June 1972
In a IRS Inspired indictment of Meyer Lansky and Enter William Rogers
~Dino Cellini . The indictment reads in part
Two men with histories both in Bahamian politics
On or about 17 , 1968, unindicted co-conspira - and in the finances of organized crime have made
tor VIncent Teresa met with defendants Meyer Lan- frequent use 0f the legal services 0f 0 firm rhose
sky and Dino Cellini in Mi ami and had 8 discus- most promi nent partner is Richard Nixon s old friend
sion wherein defendants Lansky and Cellini gave Nilliam P Rogers _ one-time Secretary of State_
Teresa permi ssion to conduct gambling junkets to
the Paradise Island Casino _ The two men are Mike McLaney , charged by the
Royal Commission in 1967 and a business cohort of
Thus government agents allege that in 1968 Lan-
his named Wi lliam Colusardo McLaney and Colusardo sky maintained at least some control in running jun-
were investigated in 1967 by the Securities ad Ex-
kets to Resorts International $ Peradise Island Cas -
change Commi ssion in connection with a blueberry
ino The junket racket is an integral part of the
197] plantation that McLaney sold to 0 company controlled casino operation _ and as recently as Lansky S
ort Eddie Cellini was reportedly still arranging by Colusardo The subsequent corporate jugglings
implicated among others newly elected Bahamian Junket s for the Paradise Island Casino _ Premier Lyndon Pindling_ Among Colusardo $ "favors
for Pindl were the use 0f his airplane during the Enter Nixon and Rebozo election campaign, and 8 S127 , 00 contribution in
the form 0f an 'interest payment The 1aw firm It was In 1967 with Lansky still okaying jun- that defended McLaney and Colusardo nst the SEC kets and Cellini still running the Paradise Island P Casino that Richard Nixon and Bebe Rebozo became wa $ that 0f William Rogers Rogers had been a
close friend and political associate 0f Nixon S for Iriends with the head of Resorts International _
twenty-five years He accompanied Nixon on many 0f
It should be no surprise that James Golden, the his Bahamian jaunts and also made frequent stops
recently (1969) hired "deputy director of security with him at the Key Bi scayne Inn and Villas In &-
for Resorts International is a good friend of Nix- dition to being an "R & R" sidekick Rogers wa $ the
on 8 As 8 Secret Service guard for Nixon when he man Nixon turned t0 for counsel amidst his personal
was Vice President_ Golden made 8 good enough im- crises in the Checkers affair and Eisenhower 5 seri-
pression to be appointed staff security chief for ous heart attack
Nixon in 1968 . Golden wa $ also security director
Of Nixon 5 convention headquarters in Miami that Rogers served the Ei senhower /Nixon team for
year _ and was security director for his subsequent in the Department of Justice first as Deputy
inauguration: Later that year he moved to Resort s Attorney General and then by 1957_ as Attorney
International Golden is just one 0f a string General The Justice Department s record against
0f interesting Nixon security appointees among organized crime in the years following the Kefauver
them Watergate indictees James McCord_ Gordon Liddy_ Commission was lackluster to say the least It was
andHoward Hunt Rogers who personally rejected the recommendations
0f the specially constituted Wessell Committee on
There are rumors _ some of which have been aired organized crime set up in the wake 0f the infamous
in the press that Richard Nixon owns stock in Re- Appalachian raid in upstate New York that revealed
sorts International Former Republican Presidential Mafia summit conference The Committee 5] propos_
candidate Thomas € Dewey does own stock in the com- als for a concentrated and coordinated war on Or -
pany and according to organized crime investigator zed crime were only implemented some yeats later
Hank Messick 8ong others there are reports of Lan- by Attorney General Robert Kennedy
sky buying stock as well Nobody has proved ay-
thing one way or another about the stock connec - A footnote 'in the Justice Department files was a tions _ but that Nixon is connected to Resorts Inter - report by IRS Special Agent Josph Delfine dated Oc ~
national at Least through Golden. is indisputable. tober 19 1953 . The IRS recommended t0 the Justice
Department that "criminal proceedings be instituted
Perhaps more disquieting than rumors 0f Nixon nst Meyer Lansky in the Southern Judicial Dis-
stock ownership in an underworlu holding company for trict 0f New York for the willful attempt to defeat
Bahamian casinos are the reports of his meddling in and evade a large portion 0f his income taxes for
Bahamian affairs _ In 1969 a propo sed tax increase the years 1945 and 1947 under sect ion 145b 0 f the
on gambling profits to provide money for Bahamian Internal Revenue Code The Justice Department
schools wa $ slashed in half by the Minister 0f Fi- with William Rogers second in command at the time
nance The Minister refused to explain the cut respectfully declined t0 prosecute
and told opposition members to "use your imagina-
tion for an explanation . Lums Hot Dogs
The advice was taken literally by some Bahamian Upon leaving his Post a5 Attorney General in
Paper $ who speculated that pressure came from "out- 1960 Rogers became a member 0f the New York firm of
side sources connectad with casinos One Bahamian Royal Koegel and Wels In 1969 with its leading
Paper asked openly if "a telephone cal] from the partner about to become Secretary 0f State, Royal_
Mhite House was not responsible?" etc moved with its clients wholeheartedly into the
world 0f gambling casinos and organized crime _
Whereas our investigetion into Cuban politics
brought evidence to light possible violations 0f the A year later Royal took on the account 0f the
Neutrality Act we now have the possibility 0f an Miami ~based hot chain , Lums Inc Wha t did a hot
American President who ha s spent a significant chain have to offer a prestigious New York law
omount 0f his vacation time 10 the Bahamas al s0 med - firm? The answer may lie in where the firm took its
dling in the affairs 0f that country _ client
pol
May
ing
agai
eight
years
long
gani
agai
dog
dog
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In 1969 Lums purchased the Ceasar S Palace Hotel Some 0f the dealings 0f the Smith/Alessio combine
and Casino in Las Vegas for S60,000,000 _ A month were brought to nat ional prominence by a recent LIFE
later the Nevada state gambling authorities were magazine article which accused Attorney General
Iook into the hotels 'catering to twelve under- Richard Kleindienst of tampering with justice in a
world figures [rom Kansas City case involving Alessio According to the Wall Street
Jourmal, Smith raised $l, 00, 000 for Nixon s 1968
A few months after the purchase the SEC filed campaign . He &nd his wife took the first position
suit charging Lums and Ceasar S Palace with "false on the recei ine behind the President at the
and mi sleading statements The SEC wondered how White House inauguration .
Ceasar $ managed to Jose Sl , O00 , 000 in five months
when the previous year (before Lums bought in) there More of the Same in Calitornia
was & 52,200,000 profit for a comparable time period
Nixon 5 other favorite resting place besides
The SEC also questioned Lums concerning the Bi scayne is the area near his birthplace in southern
S3, 5000,000 Lums paid one Jerome Zarowitz, a convicted California Here the underworld pattern of his
professional sports fixer who wasn t even listed &5 Florida involvements repeats itself in a strik-
an owner of the casino . Top 0fficials in both Cea- ingly simi lar tern
sar 5]and Lums have been under investigation by IRS
intelligence in Miami and by `Nevada gaming authori- One story there involves Nixon 5 multi-million-
Eies in cases involv organized crime ever since aire backer C Arnholdt Smith, and the Del Charro
Rogers firm took on the Lums account Hotel in La Jolla, just north of San Diego _
There is also the question 0f the 197} Lums ac - The Del Charro was a favorite stopover fOr Vixon
quisition of a North Miami housing resort develop- in the Fifties Owned by the Mlurchison brothers
ment cal led Lakes Both Lakes and Ceasar S who also owned the nearby Del Sar race track the
Palace have received large sums 0f money from the hotel played host to numerous Detroit and Las Vegas
Teamster $ 812,000,000 for the Miami project and gangsters _ Alan Witwer a former: manager 0f the
more than S16,000,000 for Ceasar s Palace _ hotel, has alleged in statements to this reporter and
~others that the hotel served as 8 secret meeting
Nith things going slowly, Lums announced plans place for politicians and assorted business inter-
for 0 new 822, 000,000 casino next door to Ceasar S ests some 0f them from the underworld Witwer spe -
Palace_ In December 0f 197] the company decided cifically cited a 1954 meeting attended by Nixon and
that the whole restaurant idea wa s no longer worth chaired by a leading member of ITT. He als0 claimed
the trouble _ In a classic climax to a classic Amer- that there was a bookmaking operation at the hotel,
ican success they changed their name to Ceasar S but has offered no documented proof
World Inc . and sold their hot dog stands
Mrs C Arnholdt Smith is a permanent resident of
Meanwhile the Secretary 0f State s old law firm the Del Charro and the hotel 5 visitors have in -
reaped a bundle with their new-found involvement in cluded John Connally Barry Goldwater and J. Edgar
the Las Vegas underworld . With such stunning Suc - Hoover Hoover s Si5,0OO-a-year bills were picked
cesses at home one wonders what a firm with a link up by the stockholders of the Murchison interests_
to the Secretary of State could do abroad , in places
like the Bahamas or Vietnam for example. The fact that certain 0f Hoover S good friends
rubbed elbows rather warmly with Meyer Lansky , and
Nor do the underworld implications of big names the fact that the nation $ ieading crime fighting
surrounding Nixon end with the Secretary of State_ agency the FBI has come up almost blank in its
Murray Chotiner a long-time Nixon aide and archi- fight against organized crime may not prove anything
tect 0f his early smear campaigns_ has past links to about Hoover On the other hand these facts don :
the underworld _ In 1962 Drew Pearson and Jack An- make it any easier to dismiss questions which might
derson wrote that "Chotiner besides representing arise about the influence of organized crime at the
the top gangster of Philadekphia Marco inelli highest levels of government
represented a long and amazi ng Iist of hoods con-
cession peddlers _ income tax violators and others North 0f the Del Charro and thirty miles south 0f
needing influence in high places It was Chot- the San Clemente White House lies the mammoth La
iner who brought Frank Vitale "once involved in Costa land resort development The development is
the biggest bootlegging conspiracy on the West tied to both Smith (his daughter is a director) and
Coast_ onto Nixon $ special plane to Moscow in 1959 to the Teamsters _
LaCosta was originally developed by Cleveland
Nixon 5 recent appointment 0f Walter Annenberg as cate reliables Allard Roen and Moe Dalitz The Ambassador t9 England also echoes tne themes of un- development wa $ reorganized in 1968 to bring Team- derworld involvement Annenberg and his father were ster control more in line with their investment s _ Indicted in 1939 for "aiding and abet ting in con- which already exceeded S18 , 000 , 000 . Like Lakes nection with their wire service operation inChicago , its Florida counterpart La Costa attracts a whole
an operation run with the protection 0f Al Capone , range of figures from organized crime La Costa {or which the Annenberas paid Sl ,000 , 000 . The An- visitors have included Wi lie 'Ice Pick Alderman , nenberg fami ly wa $ &l 50 a major contributor to Nix- a St . Louis mob cohort Morris Shenker and Wallace
on S 1960 elect ion campa ign . Groves and Lou Chesler 0f Bahamas fame
Further back in the Nixon saga and closer to his According to eyewitnesses when Groves helicop- southern California birthplace, lies San Diego fin- ter sets down the red carpet 1$ ro] ]ed Out It may anc i er C Arnholdt Smith and his bookmaker partner be because Grores bought a home in La Costa_ but John Alessio _ In 1946 Alessio and Smith introducz more Tikely it S because as government agent $ put Nixon lo another bookmaker named Lew Lipinsky . Lip- it "where Groves appears _ Meyer Lansky wi) not be insky_ who was convicted for bookmaking in 1938 _ far behind served for three decades 85 a go-between for the
Smith/Alessio inlerests to their syndicate ' connec ~ Another mob frequenter 0f the La Costa develop-
tions _ ment is Jake Arvey an organizer 0f the Republic
ing
ving
Key
pat
ing
Sky Sky
Reg
syndi
Sky
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13-00000
Nationa} Bank in Miami the bank through which Ber - that he "knew for a mora] certainty [that] in the
pard Barker channeled funds for the Watergate crime . upper echelons there is an amalgama Jon between the
Cosa Nostra andthe Teamsters Union In 1971 when
The Teamsters Again a Federal Grand Jury probing the activities 0f Meyer
Lansky questioned Jimmy Hoffa many wondered whether
A recent visitor to La Costa was Frank Fitzsim- the links between the two giants were more direct
Con$ 8 key to Nixon 5 new-found support in organ- than the numerous transactions between mu tual
ized abor Fitzsinons 15 president of tne Team- friends _
sters Union, This summer he stopped in La Costa on
his way to see Nixon at San Clemente _ Fitzsimmons few months after his testimony _ Hoffa was
had just come {rom dinner in Detroit with 8 ]ocal granted clemency after serving Jess than five years
Mafia figure and soon after his Detroit-La Costa-San of his thirteen-year sentence The {reeing 0f Hoffa
Clemente excursion, Fitzs mons announced his sup- and three co-defendents 0f the 1963 wire fraud pen -
Port for Nixon . One wonders whether the Teamster sion case is the atest and most crucial event in
decision to stay on the Board and t0 support Nixon s longstanding friendship, a friendship with
Ni xon 1$ somehow related to what the Detroit Free some clear ic benefits for both . Jack Anderson
Press has been hint ing strongly as of late: that the documents for example, that as early 8$ 1960 , then
administration has stopped prosecution 0f Frank 5 Vice-President Nixon and Attorney General ers in-
son Richard Fitzsimmons the business partner 0f a tervened to halt an indictment against Hoffa in ex-
Detroit mobster on charges of missing union funds _ change for Hoffa S support in the 1960 election.
10u%change for Teamster support Of the Republican
President _ AnICO S More of the Same in Texas
Whatever deal s Nixon and Fitzsimmons did make_
the Teamsters have 8 working relationship with In recent years the Teamster fund has been super -
organized crime _ Their marriage goes back over seded by a giant Texas insurance company as a major
twenty years _ where Jimmy Hoffa was introduced to source 0f finance for Las Vegas .casinos tied to the
the Detroit underworld by Paul Dorfman , in exchange mob The company is the American National Insurance
for some mu lti-million dollar insurance business Company (ANICO) of Galveston , Texas ANICO is close
Dorfman S son Paul has residences at both t0 the heart and pocketbook 0f the two ranking Tex-
Lakes and La Costa and wa $ recently convicted 0f ans in the Nixon administration former Treasury
taking kickbacks on a Teamster 'loan , Secretary John Connally and former Assistant Attor-
ney General Will Wilson.
The Teamster tradition of labor racketeering and
corruption made for a ready alliance with the mob . As well as floating more than 64O,000, 000 to Las
Early government investigations of the Teamsters Vegas cesinos and S13 , 000,000 to premier mob attor-
such as the Bobby Kennedy-led McClellan Permanent ney Morris Shanker ANICO has made loans to tmo
Committee on Investigations centered on labor rac - Florida companies close to Richard Nixon
keteer As Attorney General Kennedy continued Sl , 750,000 in 1966 to the Mary Carter Paint Company ,
his pursuit of the Teamsters and their boss, Jimmy and 83,000,000 in 1970 to a
subsidiary of Worldwide
Hoffa . At one point Kennedy had twenty-nine grand Realty _
juries simultaneously investigating Hoffa $ activity
one 0f which led to a conviction for mai ] fraud That. year a group 0f disenchanted stockholders
and jury tampering. filed 8 multi-million-dollar suit , charging ANICO
officials with having taken control of the company
In 1969_ two QaklandTribune reporters concluded and using it a5 a private preserve as well as
six-month i nvestigation with the charge that "the source of funds for the Mob
8628,000,000 Teamsters Central States_ Southeast and
Southwest Pension Fund headquartered in Chicago , has The defendants in the suit hired Nixon s New York
become a bankrol] for some of America S most sinis- firm to handle the case Connally 5 Houston law
ter underground figure firm has also been used by ANICO _ The First
tional Bank 0f Houston, %f which Connally was a di-
Nowhere does the relationship between this fund rector and in which some 0f his law part ners were
and the mob surface more dramatically than in Las officers has provided an interest-free account of
Vegas _ where Teamster trustees have approved loans more than Sl , 000,000 for ANICO. Connally wa $ also
between S50 and S70,000 , 000 , some shakily secured by 8 director 0f a savings association which was pur-
second mortgages and subordinated notes A high- chased recently by ANICO_
ranking Federal official has commented that "the
Teamster fund 1$ a sort of open .bank to people wel l- Will Wi lson was "general of the Justice Depart-
connec ted in Las Vegas and well-connected to organ- ment $ "war on crime from 1969-1971 _ He wa $ head
ized crime" of the Criminal Division until October 1971 when
his resignation was forced by disclosures tying him
It was Hoffa S desire "to have [his] own bank in t0 the scanda] -rocked financ ia] empire 0f Texas
every city that brought on the Teamster takeover 0f wheeler-dealer Frank Sharp. Wilson has been charged
the Mi ami National Bank _ The Bank in turn is just by dissident ANICO stockholders 0f helping to
one 0f a long list of ventures such as Ceasar S Pal - ANICO into tne twilight zones 0f finance with such
ece , Lakes _ La Costa , Worldwide Realty, Interna- deals as the 1963 absorption of a defaulted S450, 000
tjonal Airport Hotel Systems Truesdale Estates in mortgage held by Sharp. Sharp 5 at torney and "finan -
which Teamster money amount ing to over S60 , uUO , Oou cial advi sor" on the deal was Wil] WiIson.
figures prominently alongside the social and busi -
ne s5 partners 0f Richard # Nixon a Jine of in- While Attorney General of Texas Wilson sued the
vestments that leads from Nixon S three White Houses foundation which control led ANICO t0 bring three new
t0 0 Federa] clemency for Jimmy Hoffa and back to trustees onto the foundation S board of directors
organi zed crime Wilson has no visible ties to the new trustees_
whose votes were instrumental in shaping the com - The curtent head of the Justice Department $ Pamy S new [inanc ial cour se But dissident stock-
Criminel Divi sion saw enough evidence in 1967 to say holders have charged that the 'negotiations" that
Pay
pub]
Roge
long
Sky
ing -
Na -
drag
Sky
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13-00000
brought on the shift of contro] in the foundations Indeed while the Nixon-Agnew-Mi tchel l team has
were handled by a Galveston law firm inked t0 the used the spectre of "CRIME to keep the fear Tevel
mob Tne stockholders elso claim that John Connally high and t0 guarantee large budget s and expanded
pleyed 8 role in these negotiations _ albeit a "back - Powers for their Justice Department , the actual "at-
stage role. The ANICO case is part 0f a his- tempts 0f the Nixon admini stration to cope with or -
tory 0f Wilson s involvement with the Galveston un- ganized crime have resemb] ed a somewhat sinister up-
derworld _ date 0f the Keystone Cops
When he came to the Justice Department in Wash- For example _ uP to 1,00 of Kleindienst s vaunted
Ington , Nilson discovered the organized crime divi- 1600 indictees in gambling and organized crime may
sion Iooking into the affairs 0f ANICO _ Since then have their cases thrown out for somewhat dubious
there have been no indictments in the case and there "improper procedures technicalities A Miami at-
are reports that Wilson had the ANICO files locked torney named James Hogan has "discovered irregular -
safely in his personal office_ One source f those ities on signatures required for electronic survei]-
reports i$ Stewart Hopps _ a former Justice Depart - ance authorizations . Court-approved wiretaps re-
@ent investigator quire written authorization by the Attorney General
0f 0 designated representative in this case Wil]
Some serious conflict-of-interest charges con- Wilson Instead 0f being signed by John Mitchell or
cerning ANICO remain : by Wilson , the authorizations in question were
signed by aides thus rendering thousands of wiretap
The officers Of ANICO who were later represented authorizations and the indictments based on them
by Nixon $ law firm, made 8 loan to a company useless
whose top officers are long-time friends 0f Nixon
Hogan himself is a long-time syndicate attorney
The criminal division of the Justice Department and a partner of Ben Cohen , a former itical boss
has been headed by a man with direct links in a
of Mj ami Beach who figures prominently in the For-
company the division is supposedly investigating ties takeover 0f Miami by organized crime The
case in which Hogan made his discovery involved the
The company also has clear ties to Nixon s former busting of the largest heroin/cocaine ring sn Miami
Treasury Secretary, a man mentioned for the Vice- many of whose members were Cuban refugees Inspec -
Presidency _ the nat ional chairman 0f Democrats tion 0f various court papers including wiretap
for Nixon and a key figure in the President 5
authorizations confirmed 1 rregularities in the
re-election scheme signature Will Wi lson S signature_ While resem-
bling his actual handwriting the signatures ap-
Whose Justice Dopartment? peared as "Wil instead 0f "Will
The ANICO case takes us to a fitting endpoint to While it may seem strange for an aide t0 mj sspell
the 5 tory of Richard Nixon S invo]vement with the his boss name it seems even stranger t hat Hogan
underworld the Department of Justice . It is an took the case _ His normal fees start in five fig-
old saw that criminal and criminal~chaser eventually ures but he has been working on behalf 0f his court-
become involved in the same business but in Richard dec!ared indigent client for more than two years
Nixon that old saw has become more 0f a reality than with minimal compensation While Hogan is known a5
perhaps ever before in American history_ For Rich- a "very thorough attorney it would be interesting
ard Nixon is a man whose name has been synonymou s to find out more about the circumstances in which he
with 'law and order in America for three decades _ discovered the "irregularities
Yet the four-year "war on organized crime by the
Nixon edministration bears more resemblance to the
Even more interesting, perhaps , are the circum-
"peace" in Vietnam than a sincere effort to get at stances under which Richard Kleindienst was offered
the mob 0 bribe 0f S100 , 0OO to quash several mob indictment 5
In sworn testimony in November 1971 Kleindienst admit-
In a recent interview in WS; News_and World Re- ted to being offered the S1OO,000 bribe (which would
port (September 11 1972) _ Attorney Genera]l Richard be paid in the form 0f a contribution to Nixon $
Kleindienst hailed about 1600" indictments 0f un-
1972 campaign) in exchange for stopping prosecution
derworld figures brought by the Nixon administration
against severa] underworld figures Caught in a stock
in the past three and half years _ The Justice De- fraud case The bribe was offered by an aide 0f
Partment claims that many of these indictments in- Senator Hiram Fong_ a Republican from Hawaii The
volve top mobsters _ aide had worked previously with Kelindienst through
Fong ' S position on the Senate Judiciary Committee _
Kleindienst said he refused the offer but he a}50 Those outside the Nixon administration, however _
have charged that the government S prosecut ion has
said he did not realize it was a bribe for an entire
week / been both partisan and selective aimed exclusively
at mobsters inked to big-city Democrats such as in In croSs examination , the prosecutor asked Klein- Newark _ and at the "little fish who are always in
abu ndance and who make little difference in conduct-
dienst "If you had regarded the conversation as
ing mob business Time has reported that quotas
something regarding
a bribe offer you would have im-
have been establi shed (i.e one hundred hoodlums a
mediately report ite would you not?"
month {or New York City) and that arrests are "being
del ayed s0 chat future quotas can be filled" The sir _ replied Kleindienst , "I would have
Newv York Times has editorialized about the ease with
which petty gamblers can and have-been rounded uP Kleindienst admitted he reported the bribe a full
and wondered aloud if the Justice Department isn 1 week later upon learning from J Edgar Hoover that
conducting more 8 publicity war than one on organ- Federal agent s were investigating the case
ized crime A Times report this year found the gov-
ernment wa 5 building up a backlog of gambl ing in- One would expect the Attorney General 0f the
dictment $ _ saving them for 8 crucial time during the United States to be more alert . Bu t what is more
election campaign_ troubling are reports aired in the Washingtwn Post
long
pol =
"Yes
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shortly, efter the indictment s in the stock fraud Every link between Richard Nixon .and organized
case Jn question (and ten months before Klein- crime however marginal is of significance_ if fO5
dienst 8 testimony on the bribe) Those reports no Other reason because he is President And there
quoted sources at the U.5 Attorney 5 office im New are people all over America {rom nment intel -
York and indicated that after the meeting between ligence agents to hotel waiters who have Nixon
Kleindienst and Fong s aide_ "Kleindienst immedi - stories to tell. He covers his tracks well , but not
ately contacted Justice s Criminal Division [then wel } enough _
headed by Will Wilson] and an FBI agent was aS - The full extent 0f Nixon S involvement with or -
signed t0 infiltrate the group of alleged conspira- ganized crime i$ just beginning to surface. The
tors" evidence in this article is merely the top of a
dirty iceberg that will slowly become visible Over
Do we now believe Kleindienst 5 story that he comi
"didn t realize" he had been 0ffered a bribe or
the ng years
do we believe the U.S. Attorney S office in New The milieu in which he has traveled for three
York? Did Wi ! 1 WiIson and the Justice Department decades and in which So many 0f his friends_ a5 -
hold 0ff 0 week while Kleindienst "made up his sociates and appointees have been related to the
@ind that he had been offered a bribe , or was the mob throw a long and permanent shadow over every-
decf sion whether or not to take it? And did Hoover thing Richard Nixon the 'public servant has ever
and the FBI somehow interfere? said, and over everything his political life has
ever meant
brhaps the answer comes in the final outcome 0f
the actual prosecution involved The defendants in For in light of his career _ both past and pres-
the stock-fraud case inc luded Meyer Lansky 5 son-in- ent Richard M. Nixon seems to be the factual
Jaw , a former director 0f the Bank 0f Miami Beach bodiment of Ralph Salerno 5 prediction that organ-
and Johnny Dio , a notorious racketeer long associ - ized crime would someday put its own man in the
ated with Jimmy Hoffa They were acquitted_ while White House .
the messenger$ who offered the bribe were convicted
One wonders if that S1OO, 000 did not find its way The information in this article wa $ gathered
into the Republican secret treasury after a1l . during: { six-month investigation carried out in
many cities primarily Miami New York Washington,
The Tip 0f the Iceberg D.C. Los Angeles San Diego _ Las Vegas Dallas ,
'The organized criminal relies on physical terror Austin, Galveston Tallahassee and San Francisco
and psychological intimidation, on economic re-
Sources included interviews with over a hundred
teliation and tical bribery , on citizen $ in- people ; court document $ (including deeds mortgages
difference ad government acquiescence_ He Cor-
etc , ) research in the National Archives Washing-
ton, D.c. organized crime intelligence files (both rupts our governing institutions and subverts our
democratic processes private and government ) and newspaper clippings _
Richard Nixon , April 24 , 1969
Someone should tell President Nixon that resist-
Unsettling, Disturbing, Critical
ing the power of organized crime demands above all _
President with a clean slate Computers_and_Autonation, established 1951 and
therefore the oldest magazine in the field 0f Com -
Nixon 5 life is like a complex Jigsaw puzzle, the puters and data processing, believes that the pro-
pieces of which have been shuffled S0 as to defy fession 0f informa t jon engineer includes not only
complete reconstruction_ Some of the crucial pieces competence in hand information using computers
have been removed So a full picture cannot be and other means but a1s0 a broad responsibility
achieved . It is no accident that no 0 ther politi- in' a professional and engineering sense for:
cfan has been so much written about, yet S0 little
understood _ The reliability and social significance of
pertinent input data
Indeed much has been made 0f the "enigma" of
Bichard Nixon , his tight-lipped bearing in relation The social value and truth 0f the output
to his personal life, his unwi ] lingness t0 divulge results _
what 5 really on his mind _
In the same way _ a bridge engineer takes a Pro -
But maybe the answer to the enigma lies in his {essiona] responsibi for the reliability ana
Old poker-playing instincts in the unfail abi)- significance 0f the data he uses , and the safety
ity to keep quiet when he S sitting on cards best and efficiency 0f the bridge he bui lds _ for huma n
hidden from the table beings to risk their lives on .
For there is one indi sputable fact about Richard Accordingly, Computers andAutomation publishes
Nixon S career his ascendancy to the pinnacle of {rom time :o time articles and other nformation
merIcan power has required twenty-five years of related t0 socially usefu ] imput and Qutput of data
care and feeding by some very wealthy and very re- systems in a broad sense To this end we seek to
actionary men , and an extraordinary number 0f them publish wha t is unset t } ing disturbing , critica]
have maintained connections with the world 0f or - but productive 0f thought and an improved and
ganized crime safer 0 house" for a) 1 humani ty an earth in which
our chi ldren and later generations may have a fu-
Dur Nixon 5 years in office the underworld em - ture instead Of facing extinction .
Pire in the United States has prospered almost unre-
stricted by the Federal government From its base The professiona] informat ion engineer need 5 to
in the gigantic resources 0f herojn traffic, gamb- relate his engineering t0 the most important and
prostitution, 'protection , and a host 0f mo st serious problems in the world today wa
other enterprises of violence against society , or - nuc lear weapons Po]lution, the population explo-
ganized crime has moved ike 8 bul ldozer into the sion, and many more
world 0f legal respectable" business _
gover=
em -
poli
ling
1ity
ing
ing
ling
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ACROSS THE EDITOR'S DESK
Computing and Data Processing Newsletter
Table of Contents
APPLICATIONS Composing by Computer at ISU
Student Programs Computer for Remedial
Nationa] American Bank Installs Computer- 42 Instruction
Besed Security System
Nova Computer Checks Strength of Roof in 42 RESEARCH
Coa Mi ne
SPhone Books by Computer "Talking" Ballpolnt Pen' Under Development 45
EDUCATION NEWS MISCELLANEOUS
Digj tal , Equipment Corp. Computer Aids M.I.T. 43 ICCP Names Directors and Officers
Musfc Project IFIP Congress 74 Trave] Grant s
times an individual enters and at what time 0f
APPLICATIONS or night this activity occurS The system also has
built-in failsafe mechanisms Which insure security
In the event of a power failure _
NATIONAL AMERICAN BANK INSTALLS
computer-BASED seCurity SYSTEM "Unfortunately , we are doing business in a time
Tom Burbank when public and private institutions are increas
Ntional American Bank Ingly vulnerable to lawless elements said Nationa]
300 Carondelet American President Louie J Roussel III 1 By adding
the IBM Contro] led Access System to ouT current se- New Orleans, Le. 70130
curity procedures we are taking 3 major step to in-
computer-based system designed to prevent un - sure that our customers and employees are protected_
authorized access to high security areas has gone And by controlling access to the collateral instru-
into operation at Na tional American Ba nk here ment S torage areas we can make it very difficult
one of the first U. banks t0 install such a sys _ for unauthorized people to gain access t0 valuable
tem The IBM Controlled Access System (CAS) at Na - assets stored in the bank
tiona] American is based on the use 0f magnetically
encoded wallet-sized identification cards similar NOVA COmputer CHECKS STRENGTH
t0 bank credit cards Of Roof In COAL Mine
Each Person authorized t0 enter a security area
E Geithner
I8 assigned a card coded with his own security num-
Data General Corp:
ber Employees seeking entry :o an area covered by Southboro, Mass_ 01772
the system Simply insert their cards into compact
reading devices on entrance doors and- the informa Da ta General S minicomputers track hurricanes
tion is transmitted to &n IBM System/7 computer for from airplanes for the U.S. Air Force the Army has
identification. mounted them in helicopters Scripps Oceanographic
Institute has one on 0 ship a scientist bounces
Stored in the computer s memory is a Mist 0f em - over Canadian glaciers with one mounted in his
Ployee numbers and building areas these numbers are tracked vehicle; and an 0i] company uses one 0f the
designated for If the number of the card entitles computers to control an 0ifield in the Libyan des-
the bearer access 10 tha t area the computer signa ls ert . Now engineers 8t the University of Texas '(Aus-
the door t0 unlock, If the person is uneuthorized tin) have a minicomputer in the bot tOm 0f a Mine
t0 enter , the door remajns closed a nd a security
guard is notified . The elapsed time i$ approximately Dr . A. L. Podio, an assistant professor in the
one second . university 5 Department 0f Petroleum Engineering ,
and 8 team 0f researchers from the Center for Earth
If a card i$ lost or stolen , a new card (with Sciences and Engineering _ use 8 Nova 820. computer to
Dew number) Is issued and the system is alerted to detect possible weak spots in the roofs of mines
deny entry to the orfginal card If the old card The computer system, developed for the U.S. Bureau
Is used the guard i$ alerted . 0f Mines has been on the job on the floor of Ka i ser
Corporation $ York Canyon coa ] mine in New Mexico.
As an additional safeguard , the system can aulo- "One of the most frequent causes 0f Mine accidents
ma t Ically all entrance activity by individua ! 18 roof collapse Dr . Podio said_ This system was security code _ door number date and time of day _ designed to use the principles of seismic explora -
This helps track who 1$ where and for how tJons t0 identify failure planes and fracture zones
National American can now ana lyze the number of Jn the rocks overlaying the mine roof . If tests
day
Edgar
Jog
1ong
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show the area around a roof is weakening _ it can be new listings ad monthly reprints for the telephone
supported by beams or roof bolts _ companies' directory assistance operators .
In seismic exploration , a high energy explosion Although customers may see no obvious di fferences
is set off _ and sensitive instrument $ determine the in the computer-produced directory _ istings are
structure and makeup 0f surrounding land by record - easier to read and pages cleaner looking. The di-
Ing how fast the shock waves travel through the rectories also have uni form abbreviations The syS -
ground _ The . waveforms can be interpreted to pin- tem has built-in cross-_checks for consistent spell-
Point probable deposits 0f 0il, and t0 describe rock ing of street names and for obvious errors in street
formations _ "Using a large energy souce Iike an ex- and telephone numbers . There also is provision for
Plosion in a @ine is out 0f the question Dr . Podio massi ve directory listing changes , caused by renam-
sid So 8 manua I ly control led impact device wa s Ing 0f streets and buildings
designed to generate the shock waves The impact
device which works like a BB gun , uses air pressure Today . listings for phone directories are: gener-
to shoot 0 round projectile at a S triker plate ally set Hine-by-line in metal type Changes in
mounted at the end 0f the barrel _ listings must be reset and inserted by hand _ Kith
the new system, changes can be made qui (because
When the striker plate is pressed against the information is stored on magnetic computer tape and
wa ) 1 or roof 0f the mine and the device is triqqered _ not metal type ) - the need to store tons 0f lead type
shock waves are sent through the surrounding rock_ wi 11 end and the growing cost of publishing direc-
The_Shock waves are picked up by wideband transduc- tories wi ll be lessened .
ersh_digitized by a fast transient recorder _ and
processed through the Nova 820 for waveform enhance-
Ment . The waveform is then displayed on an oscil- EDUCATION NEWS
Joscope _ with the results of velocity and depth cal-
culations Pe rmanent records 0f the waveform can be Mi:t_ MuSIc PROJECT USES DEC COMPUTER
@ade on paper tape or by transmitting the data to a
large scale remote computer_ News Office
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
A mine cou ld make daily checks with the system Gmbridge, Mass. 02139
to detect changes in rock strata as the working face
of the mine advances Dr _ Podi0 said , 0I the sy s - The Massachusetts Institute of Technology has be -
tem could be transported throughout the mine t0 make gun work on a project aimed at making the Institute
daily checks on the condition 0f roofs at predeter- a major center fOr the study and composition 0f
mined key locations_ Dr_ Podio noted that similar electronic music. Barry Vercoe, assistant professor
systems cou ld be used t0 predict the quality of rock 0f music working with a computer given to the De-
In rapid excavation projects or cou ld be used in partment 0f Humanities Music section by Digital
dondestructive tests of large concrete structures _ Equipment Corp. 0f 'nard , is in the early stages
of developing a major electronic music production
PhONe Books By COmputer facility at the Institute_
Peter A. Cassels Professor Vercoe said the computer facility 'will
Bell Telephone Laboratories be a tool both in the hands' 0f the teacher and the
Mountain Ave. composer that wil] greatly aid the development of
Murray Hill, NJ. 07974 creativity The facility also will provide an ex -
cellent t0] in the teaching 0f musical composition
The Bell System is using computer technology to for conventiona ] instruments
modernize production of the White Pages telephone
books A system designed to improve customer serv- 5 is definitely not a scientific project . I' m
Ice , control costs and streamline massi ve record- not interested in merely getting a computer to sound
keeping operations is now being implemented . The exact ly Iike a trumpet - The technological ca-
system called DIRYECT (for DIRectory projECT) tion, however will interest s Ome students who might
was developed by Bell Laboratories _ the research no t approach music otherwise and some of these will
and development unit 0f the Bell System. Michigan be drawn into its aesthetic considerations through
Bel Telephone Company recently issued its first the back door as it were , Professor Vercoe said .
directory containing listings produced by the sys ~
tem . Michigan Bel] also is using the system to Nhy compose music for a machine at all?
produce some 0f its di rectory assistance records _
"I suppose someone asked that very question when
DIR/ECT is 2 more sophisticated outgrowth 0f its man first composed music for what are now traditiuna ]
Prototype_ PHOTAC , a similar process developed by instruments _ instead of for the human voice alone
the New York Telephone Company under sponsorship of Professor Vercoe said _ "Electronic music merely ex-
the nationwide Bell System. The first directory pands the forces avai lable t0 the practicing com -
Produced by the PHOTAC system was distributed in poser
1966 . Since then, New York Telephone has converted
some 4.5 million istings to the process _ Currently The PDP-1I/4S computer coupled with music in-
the 12 major downstate White Pages directories are Put also will lend itself to Other forms Of music
produced by PHIOTAC . research , such a$ syntactic ana Jysis 0f music struc-
tures_
The DIR/ECT system stores in a computer memory di rectory information such as the customer s ] name
Professor Vercoe is the author of the widely used
address telephone number even telephone book Music 360 language for digital sound synthesis_ He
delivery instructions The information in the Com -
has taught at M.I.T. for two years and is director
Puter memory then is fed into a device ca] Jed a
0f the Experimental Music Studio_ His work, Hte ta -
Photocomposer , which provides ready-to-print list- morphoses for Orchestra was given ils Bos ton pre -
for Wite Pages_ Besides the annual White mier early this year by the M.I.T. Symphony and wa $
Pages directories_ DIR/ECT produces daily updates of performed by the orchestra on its subsequent na ( ion-
ckly
Maye
"Thi
appli-
Ings
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wide tOuj Working with Professor Vercoe on the tric and a Nationa] Science Foundation institutional
project are Richard J Steiger_ a graduate student _ grant of $8,698 . The prototype employs a mini~com -
and Stephen Haflich_ 8 recent M.I.T. graduate . puter tha t is owned by Iowa State.
COMPOSING By computer AT Isu The studio wi l] be used as a teaching tool for
the ISU music program. Computer sOftware the pro -
Intormation Service grams (sequences 0f operat ions to be performed by
lowa State University of Science and Technology the computer) written fOr the system wil] be devel-
Ames, lowa 50010 oped s0 a composer can use the studio equipment
without having prior knowledge of computer program-
Music composers at Iowa State University may turn ming . Students will be able t0 learn basic acousti-
from their piano keyboards and hand-written scores ca] concept s and principles 0f electronic music syn -
to 0 more efficient instrument for composing music thesis and t0 develop sensitivity to timbre with the
a computer_ ISU faculty members are bui lding 8
ISMUS_ Also contributing t0 introductory computer
computerized electronic music S tudio a system science courses the system wi l] be a novel examp le
that will technologically S implify C omposing elec- of computer application in a non-scientific field _
tronic music . The studio is being designed and
built by an interdisciplinary group from Iowa
STUDENT PROGRAMS COMPUTER
State 5 music , computer science and electrica] en-
FoR REMEDIAL INSTRUCTION
#eerIng department s under the direction 0f Stefan Edward J. Canty
Stlverston assistant professor of computer science Digital Equipment Corp:
Terry Smay _ professor Of electrical engineering, and Mynard , Mass: 01754
Gary Whi te associate professor 0f music
Using programs developed by a Ioca] high schoo]
Electronic music is produced by purely electronic student School District 91 in Idaho Falls ha s put
means and the Iowa State Computerized Music System its newly-acquired C omputer tq work as a super
(ISMUS) Will be doing just that generating music tutor" in remedial studies disadvantaged child-
with compu ter equipment _ A composer will sit at the ren in this southeastern Idaho community Designed
computer and write a musica] C omposition using an to improve the arithmetic and language arts skills
electronic board _ of children in grades 2 through 6 the project wa$
introduced by director of curriculum Dr . Ka llace The new system , which was expected to be operable Manning with federal Title 1 aid during the dis- this fall_ should be an easier method of modi fying trict S 1973 summer session for children largely
and editing a musical piece . The normal hand opera- from rura] farm families According to John A tions of changing notations on a nted score or Christensen , computer sciences coordinator the splicing tapes of recorded music are more time- project proved So successful in its initial appli-
consuming and inaccurate" processes for cortecting
cation that it has been continued in the fall se-
8 composition, according to Gary White
@ester,
The computer composing process begins when the The student programmer is Robert Huntsman, 18 , a composer Inserts introductory instructions into a June graduate of Idaho Fa lls Skyline High School teletype machine On an electronic keyboard he then Using the district S PDP_11/20 timesharing computer begins to compose his piece The computer records
a]1 musica] instructions which are transformed system installed last December by Digital Equipment
Corporation, Huntsman developed programs for arith- through a digital-to-analog sound converter and metic and language drill to serve between 40 and 50 loudspeaker into sound This immediate feedback pupi ls on each 0f two teletypewriter terminals situ- system enables the composer to hear what he is Com- ated in Joca] elementary schoo]s _ posing simultaneously _ The computer also allows_ the
composer to automati cally play back and edit what he
ha s written simply by striking another
In a typical arithmetic routine , the computer
types a problem and waits for the pupil 5 response
10 ten seconds if the problem is a memory exercise The musician has now completed one layer" of longer if it involves severa] columns for addition
Wusic. If he wants to add further musical instruc- or several digits {or Multiplication. If the stu- tions to the composition, he repeat s the entire pro - dent 5 answet 15 correct , Huntsman 5 program directs cess again. All layers merge together t0 obtain the the terminal to ring a be } ] in congratulation; if product a completed electronic composition incorrect _ the computer supplies 8 hint on where the
mi stake occurred and encourages him to try again.
The music instructions which the composer inserts
into the sy stem are a special electronic sic nota- Answers t0 English and social studies workbook
tion computer language- The English words it questions have been entered in the computer memory
uses can be C ompared t0 musical notation found on a a]lowing students t0 do their homework at a termina ] conventiona] score treble and bass clefs notes_ and receive immediate response The computer keeps
rests and the like score 0f right and wrong answers t0 produce reports
Electronic music has been used in commercia] re-
for teacher guidance Spelling-recognition exer-
cises are also in use an Hunt sman has undertaken cordings _ and as background music for television, development of an arithmetic program involv_ frac- radio and film. The Iowa State Sy stem will be So - tions Phisticated enough for use in serious composit iona ]
study _ the production of background Music for vari 0f the computer s major advantages is its
0u5 media, and for the demonstration of sound prop- ability to pay attention t0 individua[ chi Idren,
erties _ Christensen said "Every child enrol ed in the
regular summer session was able to get experience
The ISMUS presently being built is a protytype of at a termina ] and bene f i t from these interact ive
{ full-sca le mode ] If the tes stem proves programs He said high school aboratory 0ssist-
stisfactory , we wil] look for funding t0 build a ants will continue to write instructiona] programs full-sca le model says White. The project is pres - for elementary and junior high levels , expanding the
ently supported by 81,170 grant from Western Elec- library begun by Hunt sman . For future summer ses-
fOr
key
Prie
key
mu =
ing
~One
t-sy =
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13-00000
Sions _ he added _ the district hopes t0 make such
computetr assistance available at a nearby rural ele-
Mentary schoo] attended by children 0f migrant farm
workers
lo6
RESEARCH FRONTIER
'TALKING" BALLFOINT PEN UNDER DEVELOPMENT
BonforG Reezrch Institute
Cic
Menl Park, Calif. 94025 0Ilt
prototype model 0f a simple. inexpensive 0 talk- Iuaelapav
Ing" ba ] lpoint pen , under development at Stanford
Research Institute (SRI) could reduce massive pa -
Perwork and delay in routine business transactions
9nw; tontac Zricko
The pen is simi lar to an ordinary Pen in size and
O933GraalVLICS
Vator
except that it is wired to a computer sy stem . and;
Sunuo4 IdiGm {hare
~eomputer 1s programmed to receive signal$ gener- INSTRUMENTE Con_
ated instantaneously a$ a person hand-prints charac- Paerenetountos 8 Meters
ters with the pen to record information .
tente 2oinPc
"Such instantaneous and remote processing 0f data
might be invaluable to large businesses engaged in IRAT
dafly consumer-oriented services such as banks _ in- tina je wpxqalei 1e4 CAEL
surance companies and utilities says staff scien - WR ? Iiiu S0n 3qurce b
tist Dr Hewitt D . Crane the inventor_ For exam-
Ple , the pen could be used by a bank teller credit- todpaut IZLi
Ing a savings or checking account In this case 76e-Foar
according to Dr . Crane the data wou ld not have to Oxodonteeui 2
be retranscribed {rom a piece 0f paper by another Maip}Zo Jud
employee , or the paper itself put through expensive Shar 0oe Mntbor
automatic reading equipment _ Thus , costs and de- iepo_ J4e6
leys could be reduced in crediting accounts or es -
tablfshing cash requirements _
In another case a meter reader making his rounds
Ior a utility cou Id use the pen in combination with tivities in the compu industry It wa $ incor -
cassette recorder When he returned t0 his 0f- porated August 13, 1973_
{Ice _ the casset te tape would be programmed into the
system , thus eliminating the need for manua] Te- Elected 8s officers by the board of directors
transcription 0f a day " 5 worth 0f data _ mere
In the present laboratory version, the pen i $ President W John K, Swearingen , Computer Sci -
hooked to an audio unit a5 we]l a5 a teleprinter , ences Corp_ Las Vegas Nev representing
s0 that a5 a person writes , the characters appear on Data Processing Management Association (DPIIA )
the teleprinter and are spoken by the audio unit_ Vice President Fred H. Harris _ Uni versity of
Chicago , Association for Computing Mlachinery _
SRI holds a patent on the pen and is currently
seeking financial support for further development, Treasurer Wi lliam S. Eick, Alexander Grant
Dr . Crane says He estimates that the pen itself € Co. Chicago Association of Computer Pro _
might cost abou t 325 t0 S5o_ A centra] computer
grammers &nd, Analysts_
unit would be extra bu t cou ld serve many pens Secretary Paul M. Pair, Control Data Institute,
Chicago Association for Educational Data
Systems
MISCELLANEOUS Ten professiona ] societies .participated in the
organization 0f ICCP and are eligible for charter
pember ship. Of these seven have exerci sed their
ICCP NAMES DirEcTORS AND OFFICERS right t0 such membership, and are entitled t0 two
Paul M. Pair , Secretary & Chairman dembers on the ICCP board _ The seven charter mem-
Institute for Certification of Computer Professionals bers are Association of Iter Programmers and
Po: Box 1442 Analysts Society of Certified Da ta Processors As-
Iii. 60690 sociation for Computing Machinery Association for
Educationa ] Da ta Systems Society of Professjona ]
At a meeting in ate Septenber , the incorpora - Data Processors Da ta Processing . Management Associ-
{ors 0f the Institute for Certification 0f Computer ation and Aut oma t ion L Association
Professionals, Chicago Il] . adopted by laws for The other three associations eligibie for
charter the newly-formed organization and named a board 0f
directors which, in turn, he ld its first meeti and
membership are: Canadian Information Processing So-
elected officers, The ICCP is the
or9 ciety, the Computer 'Society 0f the Institute 0f
(wo
outgrowt h over Electrical and Electronics Engineers and the Society years Of intensive preparation and study by rep- 0f Data Educators are expected to act bef ore resentatives of major comput ing societies. Its pri- the end 0f 1973. narj)focus i$ the enhancement 0f certification ac - (please tumn t0 page 471
#eadenotsee
ting
Compu
Chicgo,
They
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NEW CONTRACTS
20 FROH FOR AHOUNT
Sanders Associates _ Inc . CAE Electronics DIspley system segment 0f Canadian Joint En- 18.6 milion
Nashua N.H. Montrea] Canada route Termina] System ( JETS) Program first
Phase consist$ Of seven Enroute and two
Termina Systems for_@r_traffic control
ITT Creed Llm]ted, Brit]sh Post OffIce 6000 machines teleprinters and a5soci 812 0I/lon
Great Britafn ated equipment to be used Mainly for
Telex Customet-to-customer teleprinter
sYstem _
Onivec Dlv . Sperry Rand Auto Tel] Services, Inc . TToo UnTvac DCT-5J5 Data Comaunications Ter- 57 mi lion
Corp. Blue Bel], Pa _ Vi Ilanova Pa . @ina l $ t0 be used by automobi le dealers who
subsctf be [0 ATS services On-line computer-
Jzed_services
Computer Sclences Corp. Natjona ] Aeronautics and Space Computer services support [0 Simu lator Com - 56 . million
El Segundo , Calif_ Adelnistratfon (NASA) puter System Branch at Ame 5 Research Center_
Mountadn_Vier__ Calil_
Horuy =IT, Tnc State 0f Arizona , 4 Honeywe][ Muitics (MuTtipTexed Informa - 55+ million
Nellesley Hills, Ma s$ . Phoenix, Ariz. tJon &nd Computing Service) system, for
use_by_43 state_aqencies
Computer Sclences Corp Nationa] Aeronautics and Space 1 neering and re lated services t0 MASA $ SS miilion
EL_Segundo CaLif. Admtnistrat lon (NASA) WalLops_Station, WalJops Island Va (epproxdnate)
Phi co-Ford Corp _ 0.S. Electronics Conand Improving computerized communications net - 34.6 miTlion
Nillow Grove _ Pa . Fort Monmouth, N.Ja work_ identified 0 $ 73 AEP for AUTODIN En-
hancement Program, at 10 overseas AUTODIN
sites Ft . Monmou th_ N.J. and Fort De t -
Ick Md
Baytheon Data Sy stems, Bastern Air LInes Mi ami Data display terminals and associated equjp- 32+ million
Norwood Mas5 _ Fla @ent &9 part 0f expansion of EAL $ Automated
Passenqer_Process_nq and Reservation_Systen_
NatTona] Cash Register Publix Super Markets Inc . 30 NCR 255 supermarket checkout systems in- 32 mi T7on
Co . , Dayton , Ohio Lakeland Fla . volving a total 0f 357 NCR 255 termina}s (approximate)
and 30 NCR 726 in-store minicomputers plus
120 NR 250 free-standing electronic cash
registers
Computer Sciences Corp- National Aeronautics and Space Analysis and programming services to Lang 61.2 mi ion:
ELSegundo Calif. Administration_(NASA Jey_Research_Center Hampton Va
Interdata Inc DATRAN (Data Transmi sSjon Co.) , Dua ) processor Mode] 55 data communications Sl+ miflion
Oceapport , N.J Vienna Va . concentrators with software and technical
support, for an information network DATRAN
18 designed &nd installing on a turnkey basis
Lor_International Brotherhood_of Teamsters
McDonne]T Douglas Autonation Buzfums Computer processing Of a]1 company data 7725,000"
Co . (MCAUTO) St . Loui s. Mo _ Southern California Incudes accounts payable receivables (epproxioate)
sa les analyses , Payroll_ inventory con-
trol andstatistics InzormatTcs Tnc- Western Div_ Tinois BelT Telephone Co. Design and applications Programming SuP- 3500 , O0O+
Canoga_Park Calif Chicego IW port for 0 new_pavrol Lpersonne sxStem Cogicon, Inc . Torrance 0.S. Air Force Verifying and validat1ng (WEV) critica] m]s- 5365, 00O
Calif sfle Ilight safety (MFS) software used on
vestern test range of Space and Missile Test
Center (SAMTEC) Vendenberg_AEB Calif
TRD Inc . , Redondo Beach_ Los Angeles County Road Designing Integrated Information Ma nage - 5365,0000
Calff . Department (LACRD) _ Calif ment (IIMS) 10 subsy $ t ems cover account-
Jng _ bi Hling; budget $ wanagemen t 0f con-
tracts and projects, inventory contro]
productIon and performance _ and road in_
ventory inforqation
System s Engineering Labora- Singer SimuTation Products , Centra ] control and Simu lation element 0f 31330.00
tories, Inc . Ft . Lauderdale , Div of Singer Co. 8 Nuclear Plant Simulator for Carolina
Eles Power 6 Light Raleigh, MC
Boe]ng Commercja] Airplane Manufacturing Technology Div . DeveToping Air Force Computer Aided Ma nu - 525T , 000
Co. _ Renton , Nash _ Materials Labs _ Nright facturing (AFCAM) master plan
PautersonAFB, Ohio
Alantic Research Corp. Arkansas State Educationa Engineering studies and detailed Plans 837 , 0X0
Alexandria , Va . Television Commission four new ETC (Educationa Television) st8-
tions _ an interconnect ing micorave network
Bunker Ramo Corp . ~ Truobu] ] , Reliance Federa] Savings € 31 BR 2001 Universal Teller TerminaTs Tor
Conn , Loan Asso . 0f New York, equipping teller statjons in a 4 nine Reli-
JamaIca , N.Y. 0nce Offices = termina ! $ wi} be tied by
hIgh speed communijca tfons circuits t0 Unlvac 9480 computer ColT: Radio Co . Da 2 Jas U.s. Aif Force Continuing development 0f Systems and equip-
Texas @ent for the U.S. Air Force Sate lite Com-
eunIcatfon System (AFSATCOM) eventua [ Pro-
ductIon awards , depending upon Air Force re -
gulrements, could tota nore_than 5225 miLlion
Diablo Systems Inc Nang Laboratories _ Tewks - Series 40 disk drives t0 be incorporated Subsid of Xerox Corp. bury - Mas 5 Into Na ng ' $ new Line 0f mint computer systeds
Heyward Calff
RRI Systens Corp. Austin , 0.5, Dept . Of AgricuIture _ Leese 0 SYSTEM 2000 Tor Farm management ep- Texas Nashfngton, D.C. 0 nd New PlIcations; at Jea s ( nine SYSTEM 3000 data
Eng=
Army
Co.
A.F _
Tor
and
iery
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Page 244
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13-00000
NEW INSTALLATIONS
OE AI FOR
Burrough s B 4700 system Computer Management Group_(CMG) The {Irst Of two B47O0 systems (which are included
Ltd . North-west London _ Eng land' In {Ive-system order) t0 be installed at CMG $
North-west London , land center
(entire 5 computer system order vaJued at S4.3
million)
NaTter E. Heller € Co. Chicago, Providing Tnterna] processing speed t0 keep pace
IlI _ Nith continued growth Of data processing operations
(2 systems) system wI ] [ allow expansion without reprogramming or
recompl Ltng; ceplaces two Bucroughs B3500 s"stems
Contro Data CYBER 70 Mode] 74 Century Research Center Corp. Increa 51 ng CRC 5 processing capabilities t0 include
system (CRC) Tokyo, Japan remote batch data processi ng services via high
speed cowmunication Iine contro] devices and offer
wide range' of services to various types 0f users
system wil1 be connected to 8 prevfously installed
CDC 6600 computer
(system valued et'53 mi lLion)
Contto] Data CYBER 70 Mode] 76 Atmospheric Environment Serv]ce Upgradi ng weather Torecasting Taci ities throughou
system 0f Canada Montreal_ Canada the countty system insta}led at Canadian Seteoro-
logfca) Center in Montrea] Canada
(systen_valued at 56.3 mi)lion)
Contro] Data 3150 system TngaTls Iron Works Co. Birming Expand ng automated design activities system will
bam , Ala operate n conjunction with 8 previously installed
CDC 3150 t0 support CONSTRUCTS , an a omated en -
9Lneerfngdesign tware 'Qackage
IBM Systen/ 370 Model 155 system EducatTona] Information Services Cinking with unfversity 8 TBM System/ 360 Hodel 91
(EIS) _ Princeton University, to significantly expand 0 variety of data proces -
Princeton: MJ sinq services
IBG Systen77O ModeT 768 systen Datacrown Limited , Wi / lowda Te _ The first Of two systems tha will more than double
Ontario, Canada current batch processing capacity and increase its
capability to provide for transaction-oriented {er-
@fmals; replaces Model 165 currently in use
(systems_valued at 512_milLion)
Jaterdata Model 70)systems 0.S. Army Electronics Comand Use in experiment s Involv automated [ac[ica]
Fort Monmouth, N.J survefllance and target acquisition
(2_systems
NCR Century 101 system Radyne Limited An advanced Tnventory management and contro] Sy $ tem Great_Britafn (system_valued at 56.3 million)
KCR Century 200 system Green Shield Trading Stamp Com- Expansion Of automated stock contro] ssstem for its
pany of Edgware Colindale England git_houses and new Argos chain Of catalog_ showrooms NCR Century 251 system Columbia EDP Centers Inc . Genera ] data processing services [0 a rariety 0f
Colunbia Mo customes Including severa banks
Univac T1O6 systea BrCTsh Gas Corp. = Hinckey Assistance 1n controlling Naa tionaL Grid Pipe ine by
land performing forward simulations on rea ]-time_
round-the-clock-basis in addition, system will act
03 service bureau t0 scientific and engi neering
departments within_the_Corporatfon
University 0 ConnectTcut MedTca] All aspect$ 0f ica] Center 5 work Including pa - Center, Farmfngton, Conn . tfent admissions monitoring patient care schedul-
outpatient appointments support 0f ibrary in-
formetIon and research statistical Programs _ and
genera] accounting and payrol] Processing chores
(system va lued at SL3 million)
Onivac TT1o system PaciTIc Tnternationa] Computing The Tirst 0f {wo sy 5 t ems whose Primary &Pp icat ions
Corp. Gaithersburg, Md _ include project Ma nagemen t engineering and bu sj -
ness data processing the system will also include
tlee-sharing capabi lity: a5 well a5 remote job entry
Irom terminals 0 the_field
Dnlvac 9480 sy 5 (em Rellance Federal Savings & Loan Faster customer service 8 t any bank branch
Asso . 0f New York, JamaIca , N.Y_
Actots the Editor'$ Desk Continued trom page 45 The Division 0f Ma thematica ) Sciences 0f the Na-
tfonal Research Council will administer the program
ifip CONGRESS 74 TRAVEL GRANTS and award grants to qua lified people from the lnited
States whose accompli shments in and potential con -
P: E. Welch tributions t0 the field of information processing
US Committee for IFIP Congress 74 are most noteworthy regardless 0f the forma ] labels
Box426 for their specialties _
New Canaan, Conn: 06840
Younger members 0f the information science com -
munity are to apply . Killiam F Atchison of The Nationa ] Science Foundation-wi ll support a the University of Mary land Financial t Chair- trave] grant program for a t tendance at IFIP Congress man 0f the U.S Comm].t tee for IFIP_ said that spe - 74 to be held August 5-10, 1974 _ in Stockholm The cial efforts wi]l be made t0 support theirattendance_ triennial IFIP Internationa ] Federation for Infor-
@ation Processing) Congresses have become the major App]fcations may be obtained through the Wa th Di - Internationa] media for exchange of informatjon visfon , Nationa ] Research Counci l, Wa shington , D.C. among developers and users Of informa tion process 20418 _ Applications must be received on 01 before techniques and technology _ December 31 , 1973 .
Eng
sof
Ting
Eng=
Med=
Ing
urged
Suppor-
ing
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13-00000
MONTHLY COMPUTER CENSUS
Netl Macdonald
Survey Editor
OOMPUTERS_ANDAUTOMATION
Ie folloutng ts burhmary made by `COIPUTERS ANd AUTOMATION of re- The tolloulng abbrevLetIons epply:
prce and e8 € Imaced of che number of Beneral Putpobe diBItal Computerb
Denufactured and Lnb talled, or to be manufactured and on order. These (a) euthorIatIve fLguree derIved eggentfally {rom Inforwatlon
{18ures are @aIled Eo IndIvIdual compucer manufacturere quarterly for Benc by the manufacturer dIrectly {0 COMPUTERS ad
thetr InforoatIon and revleu and for eny updattng OT cowqenc8 chey AUTOMATION
Rdy care co PrOvIde. Pleagse note che var Latlon In date8 and rella- Egure le comb Ined In cocal
BILIGyY 0f che IofornaEIon, feu @enufacturere refuge to BLve Oue, (D) acknouledgment 18 BIven co DP Focug Marboro, Maeg , s for
confI[D, Or coument On any {igure8 . thetr help In escLmacIng @any of cheee fLgures
{Jeure estImated bY COMPUTERS And AUTOMATION
Part 1 of che Monthly Compucer Cengub concaIne reporta for Unlted Danufaccurer refueeg co BIve any Egures on number of I
scaces manufacturerb co H, and 1s Pub Ished In Jenuary, AprIl, July atallectone or of ordere , and re fube8 to oumedt Ip
end Oecober Part 2 concaIns reporca for United Scaces panufacturera wey On chobe nubbere bcaced here
I to 2, and L8 publ shed In February_ Aubust , end November (R) {Lguree derIved a1l or In Patc from Inforacion released
Pere 3 concalns reports for nanufaccuterb ouC9Ide of che Untced Scaceb Indirectly by the manufacturer, or {rom report8 by ocher
andts] Pub]Ished Io March , Jue, Sepcember , and Decedber _ gourcea LIkely to be Inforued
Bale only, and bale (not rental) PrIce $ ecaced
Cedsub seeke to Include 0ll dg1tal Conpucers manufactured eny- dO longer In productton
cto F~Ne InvIte ell @anufacturero located anywhere co Bub@It Infor Inforwacion mt obteLned Bc Presb Eloe and /or D5 released
that iould help nake these fLgures 28 accurate and corplece 48 Po98Ible. by Danufacturer
SuMARY_As OF_OCTOBER 15, 1973
DATE OF AVERAGE OR RANGE NUBER OF]INSTALLATIONS NUBBER OF
NUE OF NAE]_OF FIRST Op MontHLY RENTAL Io OuceIde I UNFILLED
MANACTURER COMUIER INSTALLATION S (OOo) U.S A U,5 Horld ORDERS
Rert 2,Wkced Scaces Hanufect urers I-z
IBM 305 12/57 3.6
Mhice Pletns, NY. 650 10/67 6.8
5 3 55
(N) (D) (Oct. 1973) 113 2/66 1.5 2580 1227 3807
1401 9/60 5.4 2210 1836 4046
1601-6 5/64 2.3 620 870
141-1 6/67 180
%50
320
1610 11/61
1
156 272
164o 4/63 1690 11
17
2864
1460 10/63 10
18.8
194 63 257
1620 I, II 9/60 285 186
1800 1/66
#
416 148
5
7010 10/63 26 _ 67 17 84
7030 5/61 160 4
704 12/55
K8
7060 1lo 6/63
38 #
6/63 36.5 13
705 11/55
7879 368
E
35_
# 1
1
7080 8/61 60 13 2 7090 11/59
3
6 2
7094-I 9/62 75.0 10 4
7094-II 4/64 83.0
Syecew/ 3 Mdel 6 3/71 1.0
6
Syeten/ 3 Model 10 1/70 1.1 5
Syetee/ ) Model 15
Syecew/ 11/71 0.35 apd W 15
360/20 12/65 2 . 7161 6075 13236 1780
360/25 1/68 5.1 1112 759 1871 1287
360/30 5/65 10 3 2535 8022
360/40 6/65 19.3
55
1524 3978 1363
360/44 7/66 %9_ .8 109 43 166 39
30/50 8/65 .1 1135 662
360/65 11/65 57.2 604 144 562
360/67 10/65 133.8
1
360/75 2/66 66.9
8
17
6
360/85 12/69 150 3
360/90 11/67,
360/130 3
360/195 4/71 232.0
370/115
370/125 41 0.2-13.8
370/135 5/ 16
3
370/145 23,3 2 370/155 2/ 48.0 2 3787135
1
4966./5.0 ;
370/168 93.0-170.0 1
270/195 390.0-220.0 Tateraaca Tde] 1 727 3. 244 75
Oceanport, N,J_ iodel 3 5/67 13.1
(a) (Occ . 1973) ibdel 8/68 8.~
e
32
lodel 41/70
276 4
Model 7/16
Eodel 7/32 ~ ~ todei %
0
20 40 {
1
;
Kodel 18
Eodel 50/55 85 IIS
Iodei 78 18773
1
118
107
Mdel & 20/72 8
3
126
Model 85 6/73
8DY
May ,
3
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Page 246
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13-00000
DATE]_OF AVERAGE OR RANCE NU@ER OF] INSTALLATIONS NLEBER 0F
MNIE] OF NNlz OF PIRST OFMoNTHLY RENTAL In Ouce [de Ip UFILLED
MAXUFACTURER COMPUTER INSTALLATION s(O00) U.S.^= U.S,4, Horld ORDERS
Mcrodaca Corp Mcro 400/10 2770 0.1-0,5 139 139
IrvIne , Calff_ Mcro 800 12/68 2-3.0 2927 810 J737
(D(Seet_4923) Mcro1600 12/71 0,2-3.0 914 95 2009
NCR] 304 1760 5 8
Deyton, Ohto J10 5/61
( (R) (Oce. 1973) J1S 5/62 200
315 Rc 9/65
1 2
390 5/61
2
500 10/65 1100 2850
251
Cepcury 50 2/71 1.6 0 se0
Cecury 1O0 9/68
1
1958
Ceneury 101 12/72
# 3
Concury]z00 6/69
2
Cencusy_300_ 2/72 21.0 5
Fhzico Iooo 6765 X
HIIlov Grove Pa, 200-210,211 10/58
( (Jent1969 2000-212 4/62
%
Raytheon Data Sy8tem8 Co 250 12/60
]
z0 155
Norvood Haag 440 3/64
1
3 W) (July 1973) %68 1878}
12.5
33
0
8
704 3/70 7.2 J00 100 40
206 5/62 1940 75 17 92
scendard Computer IC 4000 12768 7.0 9 0 9
Loe Angele8= Callf_ IC 6oo0-6oo0/E 5/67 16.0 3 () (Jue 1972) IC 7000 8/70 17.0
8
IC-9ooo 5131 400.0
Syete38 EnglneerIng Laboracoriee SYSTES B10A/8108 6-6679-68 1.872.6 J0
Rt Lauderdale: Fla , SYSTEIS 71/72 6-72/9-71 0.9/1.0
13
5
3
((Sere:_1923) SXSTIS_85/86 272/6-70 6.0410 0 47 3
Texes Intrumenc8 Inc. 960 76770
Boueeon, Tex- 9604 41/71 0.2-2.7
W) (Jue 1973) 980 5/68
9804 8L.72 02z
UVAC DIv. 0f Sperry Rand 9200 6767 1360 1976
Blue Bell, Pa 9300/9380 9/67
3
(A) (Aus.1973) 9600/9480 5/69
9700
"38 III 6/63 11.0
1
3
1
1106 143
1108 9/65 68.0
1110
37
Fie Eomputezs 3/51 843857 }
1
LARC 5/60 135.0 0
1107 UIII, 490/1/2 ,
418II, 1006/5
J050 , 5s80/90 X 3063 14l 3505 WIVAC Sertee 70 301 2/61 7,0 Blue Bell, Pe: 501 6/59 14.0-18.0
1
() (Feb . 1973) 601 11/62 14.0-35.0
3301 7/64 17 0-35.0
%
Spectra 70/15, 25
Speecra 70/35
9&
9.2 95
Spectre 7874 11/65 265
Speccre /66
Epeceza 78/53
#
166
0
.8
1
70/61 61 0 3tra
0
E 0 6}
70/6 .0
12/71 35.0 8
Go28 7/65 6
1
8
6050 2/66 9.0
6878 10/66 15.0
8
1
0 E
6135
8/67 % % 13 6
6145 7.2 8 ER 6140
VarIan Data MachLnes 620 n765 }
1 '
Necport Beach, Callf. 6201 6/67
(a) (Mar. 197)) 5201 6/69
s20/0C, 5201 12/69;10/68
824,
620/L-OOc
11/71,9/72
6 3
620/&-100 6772
620/L-1OO 5/72
j08 4
VarLen 73 41/2 40 Dece Syetems Xs-92 6765 77 52 Segundo CaIIf_ X8-910 8/62 2.0 (N) (R) (Occ. 1973) Xs-920 9/62 2.9
#
1s-910 3766 1.8
5
J
1
XDS-9J000 11/64 25-3 4 34 XS-5j0 2/73
3 12/65
@
1 0
# J 8148
12.0
1 3
12/66 12.0
81 0 2/72
S Kna 9 J5.0
Cotp,
R-6:
Ieror
==================================================
Page 247
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13-00000
CALENDAR OF COMING EVENTS
Nov. 28-30, 1973: Ist Annual Systoms Engineering Conferenc_ 1317, 1974: European Computing Congress (EUrOCOMp) _
Statler-Hilton Hotel, Newv York, N,Y. 1 contact: Technical Ser- Brunel Univ-, Uxbridge, Middlesex, England contact: Online,
~vlces, AIIE, 25 Technology Park/Atlanta, Norcross, GA 30071 Brunel Univ-, Uxbridge, Middlecex, England
Dec 45, 1973: 1973 Vehicular Technology Conference, Sheraton-
Cleveland, Cleveland , Ohio contact: Robert Wylie, Motorola My 1317, 1974: International Instruments, Electronic end Auto-
Communications, Inc-, 12955 Snow Rd,, Cleveland, OH 44130 mation Exhibition, Olympia, London, England contact: Indus-
tial Exhibitions Ltd,, Commonwealth House, New Oxford St ,
Dec: 68, 1973: National Symposium on Computer Applications in London, WCIA IPB, England
the Juvenile Justice System, Marriott Motor Hotel, Atlanta, Ga.
contact; Lawrence A. Boxerman, Project Dir., National Council Juna 24-26, 1974: Design Automation Workshop, Brow Palace
of Juvenile Court Judges, Univ. of Nevada; Box 8O00, Reno, NV
Hotel, Denver Colo. contact: ACM; 1133 Ave: of the Amer- 89507
Icas, New York, NY 10036
Dec[911,1973: Computer Architecture, Flagler Inn & Reitz
Union, Gainesville, Fla. contact: G Jack Lipovski, 229 Larsen Juna 26-28, 1974: 1974 Annual International Conference & Busi-
Tall, Univ: of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32601 ners Expotition, Minneapolis, Minn: contact: Data Processing
Management Assoc , 505 Busse Highway, Park Ridge, IL 60088
Jan: .1618, 1974: 3rd Annual AIIE-MHI Seminar_ Marriott Motor
Hotel, Philadelphia, Pa. contact: Technical Services, AIIE, 25 July 15-19, 1974: 1974 Conterence on Frontiers in Education,
Technology Fark/Atlanta, Norcross, GA 30071 City University, London, England contact: Conf . Dept-, Insti-
Jan 16-19, 1974: Internepcon/japan 74, Harumi Convention tution' Of Electrical Engineers, Savoy Place, London, England
Center , Tokyo, Japan contact: Industrial & Scientific Cont_ WC2R OBL
Mgmt,, Inc-, 222 W. Adams St_, Chicago, IL 60508
July 23-26, 1974: Circuit Theory & Design, IEE, London, Enaland
Feb: 12.14, 1974: Computer Science Conference, Detroit Hilton, contact: IeE, Savoy Pi:, London WC2R OBL: England
Detroit, Mich. contact: Seymour J, Wolfson, Computer
Science Section, Wayne State Univ., Detroit, MI 48202 5-10, 1974: IFip Congress 74 , St. Erik'$ Fairgrounds, Stock-
holm, Sweden contact: U.S. Committee for IFIP Congress 74,
Feb. 13-15, 1974; International Solid State Cireuits Conference, Box 426, New Canaan, CT 05840
Univ. of Penna-, Marriott Hotel, Philadelphia, Pa. contact: Vic-
gIJohannes, Bell Labs-, Room 36331, Holmdel, NJ 07733 Aug: 5-10, 1974: Medinfo 74, St. Erik'$ Fairgrounds, Stockholm,
Feb. Sweden contact: Frank E: Heart; Bolt Beranek ad Newman, 1922, 1974: 3rd Annual National Communications Week
Conventioa, Chase-Park Plaza Hotel, St. Louis, Mo. contact:
50 Moulton St , Cambridge, MA 02138
David C. Brotemarkle, Communications Systems Management
Assoc , 1102 West St-, Suite 1003, Wilmington , DE 19801 Aug: 21-23, 1974: Engineering in the Ocean Environment Interna-
tional Conf_, Nova Scotian Hotel, Halifax, Nova Scotia contact:
Feb: 2628, 1974: Computer Conference (COMPCON) , Jack Tar 0. K. Gashus, EE Nova Scotia Tech: Coll , POB 100, Hali-
Hotel , San Francisco, Calif. contact: Jack Kuehler, IBM Corp-, N.S , Canada
P 35, Bldg: 025, Monterey & Cottle San Jose, CA 95114
Mar . 25-29, 1974: IEEE International Convention (INTERCON) _
ADVERTISING INDEX
Coliseum & Statler Hilton Hotel, New York, N.Y. contact:
Following is the index of advertisements. Each item
J H Schumacher , IEEE, 345 E 47th Sts, York, Ny 1001 contains: product name and address of the adver-
tiser name of the agency, if any page number April 3, 1974: Minicomputers Trends a Applications, Nat'
Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg. Md: contact: Harry Hay-
where the advertisement appears:
man, 738 Whitaker Ter , Silver Spri MD 20901 COMPUTERS AND AUTOMATION Computers and Auto-
Apil 811, 1974: Computer Aided Design, Int"I Conference & Ex-
mation, 815 Washington St , Newtonville, MA 02160
hibition, Univ: %f Southampton, Southampton, England
COn-
page 52
tct; Inst: of Civil Engrs , Great George St-, Westminster , Lon- ELeCTRONIC RESEARCH CORP. 7618 Wedd , Overland
don SW1 , England Park KS 66204 ERC Advertising page 45
April 911, 1974: Optical Computing Symposium, Zurich, Switzer- INSTRUCTIONAL FACULTY OPENINGS College of
land / contact: Samuel Horvitz, Box 274, Waterford, CT 06385 Petroleum & Minerals, clo Saudi Arabian Educational
Mission , 880 Third Ave.-17th Floor _ New York, NY
Apil 21.24,+1974: International Circuits & Systems Symposium,
Sir Francis Drake Hotel, San Francisco, Calif: 1 contact: L: 0 10022 page 32
Chua, Dept. of Ee, Univ. of Calif:, Berkeley , CA 94720 THE NOTEBOOK ON COMMON SENSE, ELEMENTARY
AND ADVANCED published by Computers ad Auto-
April 21-24, 1974: 1974 Annual Assoc for Systems Management mation, 815 Washington St _ Newtonville, MA 02160 / Cont.. Dallas Convention Center , Dallas, Tex: contact: r: B_
MCaffrey , ASM, 24587 Baglev Cleveland_ OH 44138 page 7
RIde THE EAST WIND: Parables of Yesterday &d Today,
My 5-8, 1974; Offshore Technology Conference, Astrohall, Hous- published by Quadrangle/New York Times Book Co_
ton, Tex: contact: Oftshore Tech: Conf , 6200 N Central Ex- Coinputers and Automation, 815 Washington St,, New-
Pesshway, Dallas, TX 75206 tonville, MA 02160 pages 24, 25
610, 1974: 1974 National Computer Conterence & Exposi- WHOS WHO IN COMPUTERS AND DATA PROCESSING
tton, McCormick Chicago, Ill: contact: Dr. Stephen S. jointly published by Quadrangle/New York Times
Computer Sciences Dept-, Northwestern University, Evans- Book Co-, and Berkeley Enterprises, Inc , 815 Washing-
ton: IL 60201 ton St . Newtonville, MA 02160 page 51
May
Aug
Inc;,
Dept:,
fax,
Rds-,
New
ring:
Rd"
May
Place,
Yeu;
==================================================
Page 248
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13-00000
"WHO'S WHO IN COMPUTERS
AND DATA PROCESSING"
EditioN 5.2 = 5th EDITION 2 SUPPLEMENTS ALREADY ISSUED
THE MOST ESSENTIAL COMPONENTS IN COMPUTERS
AND DATA PROCESSING ARE
PEOPLE
Who are they? Consult
what do they do? "wHOS WHO IN COMPUTERS AND DATA PROCESSING"
jointly published by Computers &d Automation (Berkeley
Enterprises, Inc ) and Quadrangle New York Times Book Co. Where do they do it?
"Who's Who in Computers and Data Processing has Wc are confident that you will find ihe subscription
been changed to a periodic subscription basis 2s follows: will repay you many times over. In fact, one day when
this wealth of material gves You the inside truck with
1 The latest Cumulative Edition (the Sth edition someone important to YOU , You Il find the information
published 197 1 , containing over 15,000 cap-
PRICELESS: the most essential component in EDP is
sule biographies. over 1,000 pages long, 3 CAPABLE PEOPLE.
volumes, hardbound) PLUS
2. Three Updating Supplements period totaling RETURNABLE IN 10 DAYS FOR FULL REFUND
OVEr 3,000 entries (it not satisfactory )
Both for S34.50 in any period when a cumulative
(may be copied on any piece of paper ) =
edition is supplied and S15.00 per period when a WHO'S WHO IN COMPUTERS AND DATA PROCESSING
cumulative edition is not supplied,
815 Washington St,, Newtonville, Mass. 02160
BASED ON continual data gathering from computer prO-
YES, please enroll me as a subscriber to WHO'S WHO
fessionals carried out by Computers and Automation IN COMPUTERS AND DATA PROCESSING at
the following rate:
This reference is particularly useful for: 534.50 including the last cumulative edition
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Conference planners
Directors of computer installations understand that for each period of subscription shall
Suppliers to the computer industry receive three updating supplements, totaling over 3,000
Executive search organizatiors entries:
Prospective authors Payment enclosed Please bill me
Prospective speakers Please bill my organization
anyore who needs to keep up with the important people RETURNABLE IN 10 DAYS FOR FULL REFUND
in the field.
(if not satistactory)
Each computer professional has a capsule biegraphy Name
last name; first name and middle initial (il
any ); Occupation; year of birth; university educatiun Title
and degrecs; year enlercd the cumputer ficld: muin Organization
interests; job title; organization and its address; pub-
lications, honors and memberships; home address Adaress
City State & Zip
Signature PO. No. (if company order)
per
detailing:
Your
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Page 249
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13-00000
L.n .)12 (+'1 -
Please givve us their names and addresses on the
WILL YOU HELP?
form below or add another sheet of paper . Trim out the
card with scissors and drop it in the mail, We'Il gladly
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It's the first lie detector that
can be used on a dead
man. It works on tapes and
other voice recordings
by George O'Toole
AssassialiumTapes
The rulers of the state are the only ones who should have the privilege of lying, either
at home or abroad; may be allowed t0 lie for the good of the state_
~Plato: The Republic, Book Three
It's a little frightening: The machine can listen to what you're saying and tell, with
a high degree of reliability. whether or not you are lying: its called the Psychological
Stress Evaluator, and it is, in eitect, a lie detector. Unlike the polygraph, it needs
no physical connection to the subject; therefore it can be used without his knowledge
It works from recordings of his voice, so anything on tape, sound track or phonograph
record is fair game for the machine: It is the first Iie detector that Can be used on
dead man:
Early this year_ one of these instruments came into my hands: 1 resolved to use
it to probe one of the darkest mysteries of recent history, the assassination of President
John F Kennedy. set about collecting every recording could my hands on
of anyone who had any direct knowledge of the affair: Soon had compiled the tape-
recorded testimony of twenty-two persons-~eyewitnesses_ Dallas policemen, the
pathologist who conducted the autopsy, members and staff of the Warren Commission,
Jim Garrison, Shaw, and even Eart Warren
ran the tapes through the PSE systematically, taking each controversial point in
turn: Did the rifle which belonged to Lee Harvey Oswald kill President Kennedy?
Was Oswald the killer? Were others involved? What 0f those mysterious autopsy photo-
graphs which the Warren Commission never saw--do they support the Commission's
lone-gunman, single-bullet theory? And what about the Warren Commission itself?
Did its members conspire t0 cover Up the truth?
Slowly a picture emerged. It is blurred_ and it is not the picture expected. Not
all the details are there, but guarantee this: you may believe the Ione-gunman theory
0f the Warren Report, or you may believe government-conspiracy Iheory o Mark
Lane, Jim Garrison and others, but either way you are wrong_
The PSE is not a crystai ball. It was invented as an interrogation aid, a function
it pertorms well To my knowledge, this was the first instance of its use as a tool
tor historical research: To understand what did with the PSE, one should know some-
about the device itself:
first heard of the Psychological Stress Evaluator last year, when met two of
its inventors_ Alian D Bell;, Jr,, and Charles R. McQuiston Bell and McQuiston, both
tormer lieutenant colonels_ retired from Army Intelligence several years &g0 to lorm
a company called Dekto: Counterintelligence and Security, Inc. It was a logical second
career for the Iwo men. Both are experts in the technology of espionage_ Either one
could pick the lock on your front door in less time than it takes you lo tind your
Colonel Bell wears a Black Belt in karate, is an accomplished swordsman and
small-arms expert, and has a dozen inventions to his credit, from anti-bugging devices
lo a miniaturized microdot camera. Colonel McQuiston is one Of the foremost polygraph
experts in tha U.S _ a specialistin radio and audio surveillance,and a qualified locksmith:
they
Iay
Clay
the
thing
key.
==================================================
Page 251
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13-00000
Thic PSE gren Irom 2 etlort t0 imprve siorc_ and Ihe securily serice %f an Eest pclygraph inteirogation, which appiies tu
polyiwrapb_ Siadanl puiygraphs African cou;try. The insifuc:Jf was Mz Ine PSZ Ttere f(s: of 3il, ihe itter 0f
eas:; #vnedles. pulse hlod pres- Kradz 3 cfiinirologist 3nc eiired polic? te 'aulsice ;ssue'
Te_ r:uon &nd perspi;ation Somna ollicer r adz projects 9 iQuS"-cop Most wexpie Kradz pomnted OuL have
;OFyej'Wl?? jdumjonal physioicqica' imaqe _ bn: 2 iving '€r;ta; !6 the Po- some Scrt Qf :820 2#Ci2t dcn"' vixri
Ie: Tn:: 3"je variable: nleasired :npke_ '8 is ncinir:; #ipui i3ensic krowvn Whzr: [232~ :polygraph ex1mni-
8 eth9 Ing polygraph_ sc'ence 'om ingecririts > C'';%bory.on natian_ a pers)r Ce more sorcerngj
3a:ii a i Suiziun discovered ina: #re which itie fi:an is Goner e4;e7 tai this Ouisida ;s3ue miay Coriz i #ghf
quericies corposing the human voice Tra tifs: ;rcrning of {n12 coinse maS e2n he is abpu; th? actual siibstance 0;
no: fixcd; they shill vcry siighlly irom devcied i0 the Physica! cc:#iJn ol *2 #2 interrogalixn_ This czn prcduco irreic-
{h: t0 Iouiee; :imes every sccona But PSE. Tne device is used {n ~ 3niurciicr #izn vant sIreSS in sor? ?fnis ansiers, anj mis-
icr speakei is under stress. this nor- a Uher taze recorder whicr; hus:cur sp23d3 Iead tna examina . Therefore # is is neces-
l frequenc; modulation disappeers and can De manually WOurv bacm {0 lvcate sary for Ihe exatine: to inteniew trie Sub-
1ai retais are ine pure comporani 2 particu'ar point on the tape. Tne t3timony ject teifore the exnination gO ove; ai1 &;
encies 0fin2 #~ice_ And a Sirong indiza- to b2 evaluated is recordzd at 2 tapa speed th;e Glestions n2 iniends t ask ardaszura
n tna; the sceak2r is iying: of 712 ircnas per second. therr Dieyed bac: tne subjec: he wili ask only thes? Guestiocs
The t#0 Ten Csveloped 2 devize :0 and spped at the begirning of ire U.er- had reason :0 ;erember this !ater, :ien
tect this prenc: enzn and planned i0 uSe ance in question_ Thz recorcar is slowed ran my first real irterrogation tape
15 an aci:cc: chennal" cn ine pdly- to 15 16 inches per seccnd 2r;: piayed: The The interrcgation always includes the
aph. Thy7r2 discovered : ai the rew sound, no !onger recognizab e a5 2 human question. 'Are ycu afraid that "ill ask yzu
riabie #25 ec {#ii2ol2 and accurate a voice. is 2 lorg; low rumble_ about something %e have rot discusseo-
IzSure 0; Fsya @:cgica: Stress inera was The PSE itself is built into an attache case_ A negative ans;ier with no sign 0f s:tess
Illy n ne: ~ Geasure the otrer poly- The case opens t0 reveal 2 chart ar;ve. sim- eliminates the outside-issue problem. Also_
varia? =3 ilar to an electrocardiograpn. ara & rumbar ihe examiner always asks sorre ifnjcujus
Freed {ror; r-2 ~ezessity of sirapcing ine 0f buttons and knobs_ A sirgie cable con- questions_ such as, Do you tike te color
bject in:z 2 -~3i_ Sirercring & preumo- nects the PSE to the tape recorce:. blue?- in oraer to observe tre subject' s
ptic tub? 23783hs cnest; gluing elec- As the tape recorder reels siowly turn general state 0f tension And there is always
des to his 02~s anz ciamding his arm and a rumble issues from its speaker_ the one 'red-herring question_
ha bloc- "e331.2 Clmf, the PSE proved PSE stylus dances back &nd forth across The red herring is used to identiiy the
be much 73*3 versatiie than tre poly- the moving chart paper; leaving benind a
guilt complex responder: Such & Ferson
aph. Becatse '[ can work from a tele- ragged trail. Then the recorder is stopped_ shows stress when he responds to any
one or tape ~ezorder, the PSE can be the chart paper is stopped, and that's all accusatory question: The examiner may
ed withou: :ne knowieage or even the there is t0 it The result is a strip of paper ask_ Did you steal the watch?" when it is
ysicai preserc? of tne subject
with a squiggly line: The rest is up to the money, not a watch; that is missing_ A
asked Cclor? 3eiitc tell ma about some human eye and brain_ stressed denial wi}l alert the examiner, who
the things :: PSE was being used for; On the afternoon of the tirst day, Kradz carefully compares this response t0 the
pecially caszs in which a conventional showed us what to look for. The unstressed stress produced by questions about the
lygraph cauldn't be used. He mentionzd voice looks like an untrimmed hedge with
missing money:
It tne police in Homard County, Maryland_ stalks of different heights sticking up (and That night the class was given tapes of
ve bzen using the PSE for :w? years; they down) at irregular intervals But add some real police interrogations. In most cases_
ve had great 3uccess in establishing the stress and that hedge begins to look Kradz was the examiner; and in every case_
1ocence 0f suspects who were afraid to irimmed The greater the stress, the he knewv the background and resolution of
bmittoa polygraph examination because the matter, One case was assigned con-
that macnine 's forbidding aspect: cerned a young man accused 0f stealing
Bell went cn *0 describe some of his money from father' s store. Kradz started
'ention'$ oirer uses, actual or porential. The more read, by asking the 'outside-issue question. No,
#ktor and thie Fejeral government are ex- the more doubted the young man replied, he was not afraid
xring its use as 3 defense against skyjack- Kradz would ask him a question they hadn t
1 and telephoned bomb Ihreats, and as
the official account of discussed. Then the following exchange
neans 0f Spegaing Up customs inspec- what happened took place:
ns. Some acziofs and psychiatrists 2re
that day in Dallas "Do you live in Howard County?"
ing PSEs to study patients' physica' and "Yes.
Intal stress The National Committee to "Doyou suspect someoneof having taken
'estigate Aerial Phenomena a private the money?"
Jup {r;at investigates UFO reports, is smcother the shape. If the subject was "No.
N using the PSE to interview witnesses expariencing the hard stress which accom- "Are you wearing & white shirt?'
UFO sightings_ panies deception, the over-al outline of ti1e "Yes
asked Bell if he would lend me a PSE figure tends to take on a rectangular shape, "Do you know who took the money?"
experiment with, in order t0 write a piece a concertina as seen by Ihe player Kradz "No_
put the device. He agreed, with two con- showed slide alter slide 0f chars made dur-
"Are YoU wearing & ring?"
ions. First , must iake Dektor's three-day ing actual police interrogaricns. He told us "Yes
srse in cperating the instrument: second, 'he background of each case and pointed "Did you take the money?
er using the PSE, must review my out the tell-tale signs of dzception, when- "No.
erpretation of its oulput with his staff, in ever were pfesent_ There were a tew red-herring questions
interes: ol accuracy. This seemed rea- TThat night each studert took a PSE back to check tor the guilt corplex response_
1abla, sO agreed_ to his room to practice operating it Some The questions about wearing a white shir
"he course was held in the meeting room coordination must be leamed t0 become and a ring and living in Howard Courty had
a Holiday Inn in Falls Church, Virginia: (acile in handling the recorder and the PSE, been included to mezsure the background
eight other students were employees buil clearly the difficult part of the course stress elicited by irrelevant issues_
customers who had purchased the would be learning how t0 read and interpret ran the tape and charted it on the PSE.
jice. These included a private detective the charts All but two of his responses wvere un-
snzv in Pennsvlvania. a New York chain Th? next dav wa Iearnad Ina thenrv of strassed Tha aestion ahut cnicnschrn
1=
Ihcy
may
ine
fre-
aph
his
they
==================================================
Page 252
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13-00000
a.look the money produced enough thai the speakerhad told Khe truth However, hoped Ihat Jim Garrison would prove that
sss to indicate deception. The other sincz interrogation witn 2 PSE seemed to he had solved the mystery. He didn't Timz
sstion wih;ch produced skress was, "Are require such an claborate aria structured passed, public interest waned, and the
wearing 0 rinj? In Iact. his yes to that situation, wondered if it could be usedl details of the conlroversy dimmed in my
5 accompanied by such stress as had the way had hoped, as a tool for historical mind, leaving only & dull residue of doubt:
In only orce Or twice in the class slides. resea ch_ had despaired of ever learning thg truth_
he next morning Kradz called on me During the lunch break took Kradz aside Now kncw what to do with the PSE.
the suspect take the money, he esked: ana asked him. Could the PSE pe used out- It was all there: the statements mada
id aidr:'t think so. Kradz nodded_ Did side irterrogations, Ivhere the speaker was before television cameras by eyewitnesses_
suspeci vih? took the money? Yes; tellinz what MaY Or mAV not have hap- policemen_ medical examiners_ members
ught he did. Vary good, said Kradz. Did pen=d? Yes, he said, the PSE could be used of the Warren Commission. Somevhere in
stice anythirg else about the interroja- for that, Where there was no Siress, could a netwvork-televisior vault were the sound
1? Well, yas, there was this business be corfident that tne speaker was telling tracks, with the tiny. inaudible variatiors in
)ut the ring: Perhaps the suspect had the truth. However; when did find stress_ voice frequency that could settle once and
ien it Kradz smiled_ No, tne hadn" had t0 bz very careful about reaching con- for all the question, 'Did Oswald, acting
en the ring; but he was gay- He had clusions about its cause; it could result trom alone shoot and kill John F. Kennedy?'
hanged rinss with another guy. Nobody sorething other than deception. But if My immediate problem was getting
WE "ZOU:ND NO EVIDENCE
0
Voice prints by the
Op ANY KIND Psychological Stress Evaluator
of former chief justice
Earl Warren in May, 1972
indicating hard stress on
the words "no evidence.
Cr?; Mscra colnrerniuGe
THAT THERE WAS ANY ONSPIRACY
Oltr%5 countEr.ntelujerce Axo SECURITT
Iw about it. The kid didnt really expec: tcund a stress pattem in the testirnony Of access to the recordings_ was certain the
Je asked about it, because Kradz had several witnesses to the same event; would television netvorks would have them_ but
Je over all the questions with him: Still, probably have uncovered deception_ wasn't sure exactly what to ask for_ There
en the ring was mentioned, he panicked. Encouraged, reviewed the list of recent must be thousands of hours of sound
Jy the third cay of the course_ had begun mysteries_ Walergate was, of course, the recordings relating to the assassination_
Jive some thought to what might do first :0 come to mind. The ITT aitair was Where, among all this talk, was the critical
1 the PSE. was particularly interested also of recent inlerest The Kent State inci- testimony?
Je fact tha: the device works from a tape dent had never been fully cleared up_ But started digging and soon discovered
ording Sound-recording lechnology is one subject seemed to loom above all the the existence of a group called the National
st a certury old (Edison invented the rest~the assassination of John F. Kennedy: Committee to Investigate Assassinations_
mnograph in 1877), and an enormous Like many others, have found it difficult located in Washington, D.C_ called the
Junt 0f history is atored 0n phonograph to believe the Warren Repor: When Mark number listed in the telephone directory
ords, sound tracks, and t2ze and wire Lane's book came out_ read it carefully and was soon speaking t0 Bob Smith, the
ordings. thought how nany press Con- read much of the Other criticism of the Committee's Research Director told Smith
xnces, interviews and publiz pronounce- Warren Commission's firdings. The more that was a writer and wanted t0 do a piece
ats are stored away in the tilm and tape read, the more doubted the official ac- on the John F_ Kencedy assassination.
hives of the world, and how many ques- count of what happened that day in Dallas asked him tor an inlerview_ and he agreed
IS could be settled il we knew tor cerain waited tor the real story Io emerge. It didn"t We mat in the offices of Bernard Fenstzr-
kid
very
==================================================
Page 253
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13-00000
rect; With: others hzve been compleiely soundtrack if wOjld pay for {he cutbirg
unable to identify the right number The charges_ told Ihem t0 g0 2head
problem with this game s that Ihe playar Next playez Ine Loma-L'ebler tace
AnjS #at i is jUS: tha:_ He krow; (hat Apparz i'y Xark Lanc had Ceen C, 47
SSassialien IZ1e8
kcc;ne yirg; it is a socially 2ccepiable eariier Lara oros am, ard -3; ' epler
siruaicn 333 ingre is noinirg at slake. The w2s On to rebe: him_ dicn't ;e2d 'ne ?32
stress wnich accompanies real deception to iowi thai Liebier was Siressea 42
is nct alweys preszci sezmed aGitated. and tis brea; 2
~UEj :Fov Pa9: Ontaine a tare {ecording frcm CSS audibiy ircica:e i hs ietisiuni Hz ese ey
Id_ a succeseful criminal lawyer and Nzil3 of a pertion of 2 Sixty Mlinules program about Ihe thirgs Lane had sa;d, the cle3-
'ectof Ji ir? Comniltee_ in a modern in #hich Nike Walleca intervieived Clifiord ?zns Lomax was asking him &:J#9 rezc-
ce buildi;g 2 fe#: blocks from the White irvir:g: The interview took place during ine ticn oi tfle s.uai? aud:erce. Given niah gc,;
use. Ferzie:#ald is a small, dapper ran height of the controversy. whiie Irving was emotional state ne did n: s2em 2 Very
h a ihin cear Smith is a lean, intense stili claiming t0 have gotten Howara promising subject for the PSE. Ncnetreiess_
ain smcke:. Eonn men appeared to be Hughes' lite story through a series ot inter- decided to give it a try-
teir larie:_ views with the billionaire It was a consum- Charting 2 tape with the PSE is 2 Icrg
'Betore w? *#?ir said, "| thirk | should rate job of Iying: embeliishec wilh such and tedizus prccess ard itwas impracticai
'ntio; *4 0383 i9 Iork tor tne CIA. ccnvincing Cetails 2s Irvirg : cisagreement to chart ihe entire prograr ra: sCr? O;
hava ru; 282;5 it Often, the theory tha: with his colleague Susskind about whether Liebler's statemanis which were rot in Cis-
CiA ki:? <ecnedy: It seems 2bsvra Hughes kect his crganic prures in a paper pute ad discovered_ as had expectzd_
Te andi: Za'eve i:, #3rked tnera Or a piastic bag: Sixty {iicutes re-ran the a sreat deal of stress. He was pretty
tnrea yelza 2ra reva s2: or reard any- segment after Irving's confession because charged up
1g sugges:. ~rce Aze.Cy was irvolved the man's sheer virtuosity as a prevericator Most of the exchange between Liebler
the 3s525: 3Jn- never met anyore was amazing_ was interested in the inter- Lomax and the auzience wzs argumenta-
're ihouz : ~azac'e Of dcing it. S:XI, viawv for a difterent reason: at the height tive and did not dezl with specific {ectual
ave {earce? ;:?-3h bifter exzerizrce of of the controversy: Irving had been given points_ found two statenznts by Lieb-
suspicicr 17 am2cne5 {0 ;crrier in- a poiygraph examinaticn and had passed ler, though, and charted them;
ligence of::~2 Ezijatics 0f paranoia it, wanted to see if the man who had beaten The tirst statement, in response t0 2 ques-
'dto acccr-:za-:is infough life. thought the conventional lie detector could also tion by Lomax, was_ have no @oub: about
bette: Get :Ke; 59 8 Ou: Of the way_ beat the PSE: the conclusions of the [Warren] Report.
Smith 2rc Fans:erwald exchanged Iselected a point in the interview at which Plenty of stress was evident_ but nOr much
Inces end s:ie] Fenstenvald told me: Mike Wallace suggested that Irving had not more than in other statements:
itthey didrc: ecessarily believe the CIA interviewed Howard Hughes_ but had hap- The second statement related t0 those
sassin thec:; enz certainly didn't pened on some transcripts of Hughes' state- Warren Commission documents which were
nd talkirg : 2 %orme; Agency employee ments. Irving asked how he cculdhave hap- noi included in the Report--they were
Relieved_ tegan tc outline my project, pened on them_ Wallace rejoined, "Where locked up in the National Archives: Lomax
sked i; trey had heard of the PSE: Both
did you happen on those transcripts?" Inv- asked Liebler if there was anything In the
In were dimiy aware of il. described
ing replied, "1got the transcripts from documents which would alier Liebler' s
device and Sta ed to detail the way it
Howard Hughes charted this statement opinion Taken literally_ it was a strange
uld be used 2s & research tool im-
on the PSE. question , since Liebler had seen the docu-
'diately unders ocd what was proposing It was a perfect example of total stress, ments and, if would alter his opinion_
d were trerrecously enthusiastic. Yes_ horizontally blccked with the smooth, they would already have dcne so_ Lomax
iy said, there iere many key statements
"trimmed-hedge" wiave form: Clifford Irving probably meant to ask if the documents
tape somewhere and they would be glad was a master liar; and he had beaten the would conflict with the conclusions Of the
compile specific references for me_
polygraph, but he would have been caught Warren Report: Whatever Liebler thought
rthermore, they could. in some cases_ by the PSE: the question meant he answered quickly_
Jvide me with the tape They said they A few days after our first meeting; "Oh, none_ none at aii. The PSE showed
uld be in ccntact when ihey had some- received a call from Bob Smith_ He had much more stress here than during any of
ng for me_ turned up a few things for ma_ visited him Liebler's other statements_
at the Committee'S Office in downtown It was all pretty confused and fuzzy, and
Nhile was waiting experimerted with
Washington_ He gave me & tape recording ir didn" tzli me more tnan I'd already known:
PSE. teiephcned 2 frierd and oid him and a typewritten :ranscript: The recorcing Wesley Liebler was pretty upset when he
Out the deviz?_ asked if he Iv2s willing
was the Louis Lomax television progiam 0f appeared on the Louis Lomax prcgram play a Iittla game t0 test it out, and he Sunday, Octoper 16, 1g88. Wesley Lieoler hoped that the CBS tapes would yiela more
reed_ He picked 2 number bztveen One a memberof the WVarren Commission s staff_ enlightening results:
d ten_ asked him; 'Is the number One? received was the guest The transcript was Of 2 CBS finally a call from CBS s
the numiar iwo? and SO on, and he News television program entitled Tne War- Washington Office saying the lapes hac
swered n0 each time recorded his
ren Report, which had been broadczst in arrived_ broke a few trairic laws getting
sponses, ran them through the PSE and four one-hour segments on June 25, 26, 27 there to pick up the tapes and ~returning
Iled him back_ The number he picked, and 28. 1967 t0 my apartment_ had a ready selectea the
Jld him was five_ examined the transcript The prcgrams points wanted to check from the transcipt
He was dumbfounded_ He had not heard had baen narrated by Walter Cronkite and of the program: mounted the !irst tape on
the PSE and had thought might be con- other CBS newsmen. They reviewed every the recorder_ ran i: dowvn t0 Ihe fi:si poin:
cting somz elaborate joke at his expense. major point of controversy that had been of inierest: and turned on the PSE.
It when called back and correctly iden- Iaised by the critics of tre Warren Repont_ For the next three days ard nights_ ran
ed the numberhe hadpicked, he realized inierviewing eyewitnesses; Dallas police- cnarts. When {inished, had a splitting
Ias serious_ And he was shocked_ men, medical examiners ballistic special- headache_ my kitchen flo&r w2s ankle dezp
played thc same game several times ists and many Others who hzd some inside in chart paper but had a much clearef
th ohers and did not always have similar kncwledge ol Ihe assassination 0f John F idea of what did ard did ro: happen ttat
ccess wi:h Bernard Fenstenvald, was Kennedy. For what had in mind_ it was day in Dallas.
ile only to narrow the answer down t0 two a mine_ telephoned CBS and learred Belore describe my results_ feel that
mbers, 0ne ol which tirned out to be COr- Ihat could get a copy of the program's must offer the reader a lew comimznts and
PENTHOUSE
very
key
tney
They
they
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:#Jn ueveiopmx? : Ui cuiise W'jxf) Miei Cquiu 'ESIFIS on tn? Ielevision program /3 19
: ?35 isawell-ealablished ce Iving: Garrisn nweght huve {ound come Th" Trum, and Identilied 'lnne real Kr. Sc-
723 not 6i?:; vaiki.led "nJevidence liolking Srav I0 ihe Jssazsi- and-so #iln &n accurac; 0l beiter 'nan 92
r2w83'ch. Even !nough na'n ac:l iren, in Ih1e iirc-honored tradi- percent Tne: problem obviously :s 33t ih:e
"j mjchina betieve tion ol pros-culors, Irtv-iied the rest 0l his velevisiun camera_
C ? 'c tnis way, T ?rject c3fe Bu: Siaw'$s slress cuuld easily be the Ian Ilte testimony of Witliam Gurvich on
tne f;i : 7: % do so_ resui: oi his predicament, and Garrison's iie PSE Gurvich had ozen Garrison $ chief
Ms#ic jt.constra:e%n!ePSE migiit wlso be :he res:;if Cf son;a Cu:sidc Jide IfI fr'? investigalion O: Sria Unt;'
2 s;'e3kef ;3 iclling t1a %um tran to IsSic Tre 3itualion was arriquous nc resigced. cnargirg Garrison wiln wrong-
#he is in3 S:ess can 32 caused by ra; tne testimony ol Lez Odom Odom. doing: H? saic Txe trutn a5 see It is tha:
5s c.m: ::: %eception: b:J: the ab- 3 D2.l bugirassman_ was allemprirg to M: Sna; shoulJceverhave beenarrested
c2 6; :;#5s '8 & extremely feliable explair ihe iysterious csinziaznce cf Ihe He #asasked ;i Garrison had krown ci cer-
Celan -!rr'ulress, Of course, the posr oifice box number3 Ir seems inat the tain iilegal and une:i;iza metnoas Gurvich
ence 3f s *s3 Gces not prcve tnat a Daiia: post ofiice bcx number 1 1906 nad alleged were being used by Garrison $
gr*eri i5 ff:e. only that the speeier appearea in tne nziecjoks ol both saff He ans iered_ Yean. of zcurse he dic
'ves it 6e : L2_ Shaw &n.1 Lee Hanvey Osvald_ In his tes- He ordered i[_ There was no stress in Mr
Aio. 13-2da grea: C.32: 3: st;?ss 'imcnv. Oaz: Stz;ed :a he couid nol Gurvich'$ state ents The PSE sho#:2d Inat
B; ass2ss' 3 #2: accc:i !c; ihvc rWto: appearir:] in he ba:iw:ed inat he :3S saying
0 sirs e 3 :8 :an sy T~a: tne i;- Oswald 3 notebook. he kngw now it got int? Obviolsly did not have enoucr tes-
due 835 i3 3iC. inis O-t c:oniy Shaw;'s It was Odom's b3X number_ and timony a Iarge enough number of wi:-
rotect 7vs? 3m.ica' Sc;i;d bu he iiad given il to Snaw_ whom he d met nesses t2 create a detailed picturz 3f tne
Se 2rC:CC a !;ceftainary c-e irdi- by chance on a business trip to Garrison-Shaw afiair, but i: szems probabie
J/ was* : :~: inetu;n_ Orlezns_ The PSE showed harc stress dur- that, at tne very leasi. Garrison cid rct have
None;?e: strass -in tn? tes:imcny ing nis statement_ No unreiated cortrol much of a casz against Snaw (a View: later
Iany witnesse: ;asame 2vent makes sialemen; was available ior me to run tor held Py a New Orlears jury) ard {ikely tha:
nzinamatic:: ;rczeciiity ovanyelming comparison: Shaw was corpleteiy innocent Of corplic-
at {eesi s?~2 31 them #erz Iyirg_ This didn't really clear things up. There ity in the assassinaticn Tne lesson 0: this
Jes2 ppin;: rc: t? 1e;e? illus- were several obvious alterative explana- episode is twofold: Firs: s:ress in arv onz
2d than : ;er pJ tne Jin Gar- tions for Odom's stress. For example, there person's testimony does not prove dezep-
n-Clay Sr:e:: #i tion_ Second: given enough testimary by
iariison, if 32 recalled, `as the New dilferent wiinesses, the PSE can arrive 2t
aans Dis:: <: Aztorney who_ in 1 967 _ the truth_
med io 6zv? izivedthe Kennedy a3sas- The first person ran on the PSE who had
Ition: Ke P-e:ected en elaborate case any direct knowledge of the assassination
inst 2 Icc= #siressman; Shaw_ was Oswald's widow, Marina Untortu-
others 2s ~ : cars Ofanassassi ation
Deception is not proved
nately_ only ona of her statements wes on
spiracy. In C.e of hour-long pro- by stress, but given the CBS tapes_that Oswald had owned a
ms, CBS i~terviewed Gerrison, Shaw, enough witnesses' testimony, rifle. The PSE said she was ielling the :ruth_
two other Fe?ple involved in Garrison's the PSE is able The rifle had been one of the major poinfs
gaticns_ to arrive at the truth of controversy raised by critics Of the War-
Ihis intenviai: Gzrrison was hcstile and ren Report_ The debate centerea on two
not iake mz:y firm, factual statements points: whether the Mannlicher-Carcano
uld test witn ine PSE However, he aid alleged to have belonged to Oswald was
Theie s :j auestion about it [tha: he the rifle found by the Dallzs police in the
w how the assassination had bezn car- Texas School Book Depository, and wrether
out] vie %nC#: the individuals thatparticulargun could have been the mur-
wved there is no question about the had been a number of rather unsavory der weapon.
[the conspirato.s] were there [in Dealy allegations in the press about Clay Shaw_ On the tapes, Darrell C Tomlinson. &n
za} The FSE zhowed good to hard unrelated to the Garrison charges; Odom employee of Parkland Hospital, testified
SS &n each 0; these stalements also may nave felt extremely uncomfortable trarhe had found a rifle bullet on a stre:cher
a noncoc roiersial statement of Gar- about linkirg himself to this mar in any way. which he believed had carried Governor
n'S a32 Ccr:c: Oswald was nci killed The coincidence 0f the box numbers Connally_ Thera was no Stress in state-
e [at the mc?ie ieater whera he was seemea very suspicious_ but Bob Smith of ment The PSE said he was telling the trutn_
stea]; anc fcund no stress Garrison s the Cormittee had poirled out t0 me that Dr_ Joseph D Nicol, Superintendent 0f
ements ajo:; nis Case against Clay both Shaw's &nd Osriald's notebooks were the Bureau of Criminal Investigation for the
# strongiy ircicated deception filled with numbers so the chance 0f such State of Iilinois_ ran ballistic tests on buliet
ext mn So7e statements by Czy Sraw a coincidence was nct that remote fragments found in tne presidentiai {imoj-
ying ris im ,c ement in such a c3;spif- A:tnis point / began tc wonder If the tele- sine. and on tne intact bullet folna by
and den;:rg ever knowing or meeting vision camera was the "outside issue in Iinson: Nizcl testified that bo.h the intact
Hanvey Osalc also rar a contrcl every case. Perhaps just being on television bullet ard the bullet fragments had ben
2ment Shar turned out t be neaviiy wil} so thorcughly ralrle zhe average person fired by tne Mannlicher-Carcano. He too_
ssed Intc..3'* Out that lying or not, he is going iO show Siress was apparently tellirg the Iruth
jis was no: particularly surprising: The on the PSE. | checked this out by recording Depuly Constable Seymour Weitzman 0;
had been accused 0f conspiring {0 and charing a numbzr 0f people o tele- the Dallas police claimed that he tound
'der Ine P?residen: ol the Unired Slates vision programs public ofticials; men in Oswald's Mannlicher-Carcano On Ihe sixth
was interviened about it belcre the street; even wilnesses t0 a padiculariy of tne Texas School Book Depository
vision :& s.25. He would have !0 have gruesome accident. There was occasional Howzver_ on the day of the assassination
n a pre"y ccol customer noi I0 show stress but it never reached the high level hehadrd press tha! the rifle he & founa
ol slfess even il he were telling the was finding in the assassination tapes. was a German Mauser. The lollowing day
{plele ifL:h also recalled somelhing else whicn put he signed an alfidavit to that effeci 8ut Or
inding that bolh Garrison and Shaw my mind t9 rest 0n this point: the PSE had the CBS tapes he testitied Ihat he had been
wed stre ss wias nol an encouraging been used to analyze tne statements ol con- mistaken about thal poini; that it had really
::
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Clay
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zen Oswaid's rifle. The PSE showed con- Ihe scene Irom an overpass near the knoll_ Within minutes alter the shooting. Ken-
de; b'# stress in his stalements_ The PSE confirmcd Ihat tie Ihought he had nedy hac beer rushed to the emergancy
Ratrol: wn Gerald L. Hill testified that he seen a puft o smoke on the knoll_ but it room a/ Parkland Hospital, where Dr. Mal-
und Ize speni oullet hulls on the floor cculd nol support his claim Ihat hc had colm tried to save his life. The physi-
ericali' Ihe mindow Irom wlich the (alal heard a shol from that direction cian saw that lhe President had suflered
Its allegedly were fired, The PSE showed Another witness, Charlcs Brzhm was a massive head wourd andasmallerwound
Id strcss in his statements quoted by Mark Lane as having said that in the throat. performed 2 tracheos-
The riflc was one 0f the principal points he had scen a portion of the Presidenls tomy. cutting Ihrough the throat wound in
icd b}; #hc Warrcn Commicsicn tc !ink skill tlying hack over the left rear end of an attempt to open a breathing passage
swald t the assassination. The PSE sub- the lirousing. Lane offered this as evidence Afterward; when hope for the President had
antiated inc testimony Ihat Oswald owned of a shot from the grassy knoll. On the CBS been abandoned_ met with the press
rille &rd that {he evidence supplied to tapes, Brehm stated heatedly that he had and declared that the wound in tne front
ballistics expert indicated this rifle was been quoted out of context; ad emphatic- of Ihe neck had been an entry wound_
e Murder weapon. Howvever; the PSE did ally denied that any shots had come from The President's body was flcwn to
st subs:anrizte the controversial claims of the knoll: Despite his emotional state, there Washington, D.C There_ approximately
allas police regarding the discovery of was almost no stress in this statement: eight hours atter tha shooting; 2n autopsy
is ewierce_ Officer Jacks of the Dallas police, who was performed at Bethesda Naval Hospital_
The hospital emoloyee was apparently was riding in the limousine of Vice- Because of the tracheostomy, the narure of
Iling tie tre:n vhen he recounted finding President Johnson denied that any of the the neck wound could no longer be ob-
e bullet on 2 ; atcher a: Parkland Hospi- shots had come from the direction oi the served &nd was, at first, overlookej. Later;
1 but mac; crtics have chaiged that tne grassy knoll: The PSE turned up a fair de- aiter consulting the Dallas doctors, the
Illet had ee: ze:iberately planted there gree of stress Bethesda pathologists concluded that it
is is the %a~35 'single bullet which the Three witnesses, Mrs. Caroline Walther, was an exit wound_ The autopsy report
arren Refcr: says passed through (he Arnold Rowland and Howard Brennan_ stated thal there were two entry counds_
Sdies of bz:: :-8 President and Governor claimed to have seen gunmen in the win- one Iow in the rear scalp &d Ona at the
annally. arc inen iodged in Connally's dows of the Texas School Book Depository right base of the neck; and :wo exit wounds
eist. Severz {esearchers have tried to building Mrs Walther said she saw two the .throat wound and a large irregular
peat this, 3 :he szme type 0f pullet men, one armed with a rifle, the second wound on tne right side 0f the head.
to the wrist ~; < czdzver: Tne bullets never The corfusion was compounded when
mained pere:y iniact, as the one iound two FBI agents present at the 2utopsy
the streiche;; became twisted lumps reported that a wound had been found in
lead ana ccoper: Chief Justice Warren: the President's back; and that no corre-
The secor:: irk bziween Oswald and the "We exptored both these sponding exit wound had been located
isassinaticn is ine charge that he killed theories and found Diagrams made during the autopsy seemed
ificer Tippit: 2 Dallas ceman_ while to confirm this_ showing the lower of the
'eing from irz szene Of the first shooting_
no evidence that
twoentry wounds to be below the shoulders_
number oi eyewitnesses have testified either group was involved" not ai the base oi the neck_ What became
at sa1 Oswald shoot Tippitt, and one of the bullet? The agents reported that
them, Domingo Benavides_ was inter- Bethesda doctors thought the bullet had
ewed on the CBS tapes_ He was asked dropped from the wound when the Dallas
there was any doub? in his mind that with a shorter gun. Rowland told the Warren doctors attempted external heart massage.
swald was tha man he saw shoot Tippitt Commission he had seen two men, One &n But this was the shot that the Commission
3 repliec No_ sir, there was no doubt elderly Negro, in the window Oswald is claimed had passed through Kennedy and
all: There wvas absolutely no stress in alleged to have fired from_ but on the CBS struck Governor Connally-
s statemzrt He was telling the truth. tapes he claimed he had seen & armed X-rays and color photographs of the au-
The killing cf Ofticer Tippitt by Oswald man ata different window. The Commission topsy were made The brain was removed
4S fueled Ine iires of controversy over the relied heavily o the testimony of Brennan, from the body: Brain and skin tissue slides
arren Report: Tippitt was far from his usual who claimed to have seen a gunman in the were prepared for microscopic examina-
xat when he was shot Some witnesses "Oswald window actually firing the last of tion. Remarkably. the Warren Commission
ive alleged that Tippitt and Oswald were the shots. The PSE showed hard stress in never asked to see any of this evidence_
'en together :n Jack Ruby's nightclub the testimony of all three witnesses relying instead solaly on the testimory of
Iey thecrize tnat the three men were part The PSE analysis of the eyewitnesses Captain James J_ Humes one of the
an assassination conspiracy, and that testimony regarding the source of the snots pathologists who conducted the autopsy:
ppitt had been sent to silence Oswald_ is ambiguous. It supports Holland's claim Even more incredible is the disappearance
It had been beaten to the draw: to have seen a puff of smoke on the knoll; of the brain the slides; and some of the
The Dallas police radio dispatcher_ and Brehm's denial that any shots came photographs. which #ere alleged to have
fficer Murray Jackson, was asked if he that direction, and it raises serious been turned over to the National Archives
ought Tippitt knew Oswald_ "No, he doubts about all other claims and counter- by the Bethesda Naval Hospital.
plied. "Idon"t think he knew Oswald Did claims. This contradiction seems t0 result Both Dr. Perry and Captain Humes were
Ickson know Osweld? "No, answered from the notorious unreliability ot eyewit- interviewed on the CBS tapes_ Perry was
Ickson, T didn't eilher. The PSE showed nesses, perhaps compounded by a lair asked about the throat wound he'd seen
'avy stress in both statements: amount of fabrication. Deception if it is when the President was brought to Parkland
Perhaps tne grealest source of Con- present here may have been molivated Hospital. His answer seemed evasive_ He
)versy Over the Warren Report is it's claim merely by a desire Ior attention_ Or there neither confirmed nor denied that he had
at all the shots wcre fired by one gunman: may have been darker reasons_ thought it was an entry wound, lalking in-
sme eyewitnesses claim to have heard There is, however other evidence and stead about the difficulty ol making such
iots and seen gunsmoke in the area of testimony that could shed some light on the a determination and the fact that his atten-
low hillock ahead and t0 Ihe right of the existence, number and location of assas- tion had been devoted to saving the Presi-
'esidential molorcade_ This hillock has sins other than Oswald. This brings US to dent's life Then Ihe interviewver asked him
'me lo be known as "the grassy knoll:- perhaps the most dubiousand controversial direclly whether he had thought at the time
ne 0f these wilnesses was a railroad element in the Warren Commission's ver- thatitwasan wound. Actually. didnt
xrker ramed SM. Holland, who observed sion of the event-~the autopsy. really give il much (hought;' he replied: He
Perry
Pery
Perry
iay
polic
they
from
entry
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iral convicticns 2 cJse equally persuiusive press_ ard raad some Ci the 13zi;en:;
Ho' aaded thai ttere wr; no Iounclation for that i1ve criticized the Ccaim:;sion
Ihe charga thar Ccrrn;sSion had been sewsrcly. but have nzer Iotn ; thet
formcd i0 whi;ewash thle !cts_ have discovarad ary evidence oi any kind
IxaesizlinTtpes
The PSE s2id he was teiling the Irutn Iha:we didn't discover anc us2 ;n deterrin-
John McCioy; 2 memter of the Warrer ins Ihe zas? as we did
Cowmission saic much ihe sare Hlard stress once 2gain: The word "never"
and aduzd 'hat h? had seen no credible was & perectly 'trimmed hedge.
Xm?FAJ ::7 evide ce io Coiidli:t fii: fitlainigs ul tile have fourd notnin? since that timg
Jvied hard Stress 0n the PSE. Unfortu- Commission. The PSE backed hirn up cn he coniinued_ 'to cha ge my view, nor have
teiy Fe m2d#ro other definitc S'Atement this_ 6:_ it iailed to cc so ~hen, speaking hezrd of anything that has charged tre
ut the /:Jiura cf Ihe mound, 0f Ine Warren Report he said 'There was view of any membzr of the commissicn
The iniervie:: #ith Capiain Humes was nothing trauduient about it Hera the PSE since tima_
Jre informaiive. Just before the intarview showed hard Stress_ The Stress was hara. As had row coma
1267.pimesrad re-exainad tne alcp- If Specter and McClay Ieze as contident to expect; the word "rothing' seemedi 3
photosr crs 2rd 'X-raya, an3 ne dJis- a8 tne PSE shou : #,am c be in ttie truthful- pariicii!a-ly beautifui exam?ie 0f stress_
ss:: ih2 2: 07gm 0 the C35 !272s_ 1Aa3 ?:thc Ware: ?.787 #hat could t ? Arcther rord see.ed t0 shc:: #v27 m3e
~arz dring #>-cpSy Wids 2r Perraps the snipc:- : stfess: nember. Czud 6a Tav? been
said,rad~c ceec intendec tc preciszly o:i of 9 few Ioose ends, the suppressizn thinking of someon? in particuiar? O: JacJ-
xrasent #;2 :Ccation f "he #Oncs. Fov- 0f 2 few' pieces o inccnverient evidence ary 19, 1970. Senaior Richard 8 Russell;
3r, he %cceda skelch ihich, re 'hich; conflicted with a version of events a Member Of tre Warren Commissio:, r8-
d, did iepre;:;: inesa Iiccaiions accu- believed to be essentially true_ vealed tiat he nad riever believed trat Lee
ely_ The ire :eer asked; Your re- The one man wiho could be expected t3 Harvay Oswald actec alc e_
amination Of :-2 phaiographs verify that have the most informed opinion regardirg Inad charted the Iast of tne assassination
wounds #=* J8 shcwn rere? ihe work of the Warren Commission iS tapes: Of course, these fei: thousand ie2t
'Yes , sir, re :eplied; NO stress. former Chief Justice Earl Warren himself. of recordirig tape are only a smzli Ction"
Nere there 8;v mOunjs otner than one He had declined to be interviewed on the of the relevant testimony recorded and
the base cf 8 rack 2nd 0na up in the CBS program in 1967_ but he did appear stored away in the archives of zelevision
Ill? "No_ Shr inere were no: Mocerate on television in May; 1972, in an irterview news departments_ There is, ior example_
2SS, not erc-3h ic suggest ceception_ Lee Harvey Osivald. as he was Ied tnrough
Vas trere 8: dcubt that the woura at the Dallas police Station, denying that he
back of tr= President's head was an
had killed the President There are state-
rywouna? Trere isabsoluely no doubt, ments by Marina Oswald, Jack Ruby &nd
Again stress pu again moderate_
we found no evidence by others:
Altogether FCvi many wounds were
of any kind that there was have no doubt that with these tapes,
re? "Thera ere :wo wcunds of entrance any conspiracy. a Psychological Stress Evaluatcr. and tlme
two of exit_ Ai this point tne stress be- There was very hard stress to work on then_ a very detailed picture
ne hard_ of the assassination 0f John F Kennedy
Ind where were the entry wounds Io-
on no evidence'
could be reconstructed, a picture that might
ed? 'Posterioriy. one low in the right even reveal the identities of the assassins
jterior scalp_ and one in the base of the and their co-conspirators_ 1 hope tnat sconer
xk on the righ: Hard stress again. or later someone does this. have gone as
Xould he be wcsciutely certain that what which was part of a series called The Bran- far as the private resources of a free-lance
said was an wound was_ in fact; deis Teievision Recollections. Bob Smith of writer permit:
T Yes , indea3 we can;" Hard Stress the Committee provided me with the tape_ What_ given the sample of testimony
The interviet #ith Humes was one of the The interview was an hcur but the have processed with the PSE. can say
gest and most detailed on the CBS Kennedy assassination and the Warren about the assassination?
es, and charad most Of it with the PSE: Commission came up only once. The inter- should tirst examine ttie testimony in
ias Clear to mz that he believed much viewer, Abram Sachar, Chancellor of Bran- whichno stress was found, since it is elmost
hhathe wzs saying. but the irequent flick- deis University, was friendly and deferen- certain that these people were telling the
Igs of mocerare stress and the occasion- tial_ charted some O War;en's remarks truth as saw it. This strongly suggests
lashes of harc stress suggested that he unrelatec to the assassinaticn and found the following:
in"t nearly &s confident of his testimony that hze was generaily unstressad Sachar 1 Oswald owned a rifle
he claimec to be. As Dr had raised the subject of the Commission 2 A bullet fired from that rifle was tound
nted out, soratimes it's not easy t0 tell obiiquely, and Warren volunteered several on Governor Connally's stretcher at Park-
entry wound from an exit wound rather tengthy stateirents about it land Hospital:
he intcrviewer asked him one good bot- Warren saia that immediately after the as- 3. Bullet irzgments alleged t0 have been
line" quesiiz:: sassination there were iWO thecries one that found in the Fresidential limjusine also
Do you have 2ny dilferent conclusion_ Khrushchev &d Cas:ro vere behind tha came from Oswald's rifle_
diflerent ideas any dilferent thoughts killing the other that a grct'? of right-wing 4_ At Ieast one eyewitness believes he
after seeing [ihe autopsy photographs] Texas oilmen were responsible. He said: saw gunsmoke on the grassy knoll, but
:n, than %ou had at that time?" "We explcred both of tnose theories for another is equally certain no shots Came
Vo_ repiied Caplain Humes. 'we think ten months &nd found no evidence that from that direction:
bezr up well, and close'Y. eifhar of them was irvolved in it 5_ Oswald shot and killed Officer Tippit:.
testimony befoie the Warren Commis- The PSE showed hard stress. 6_ At least one membar of the Warren
1 He continued: Commission and one memiber of ite Com-
he Stress *as hard, we found ro evidence of any kind mission's stalf really believe in tne validity
:len Specter.one of the Warren Commis- that there was any conspiracy_ of the Warren Report
s principal investigators. also spcke on Again there was stress, and particulariy 7. Jim Garrison had little Or no case
CBStapes He said that the case againsi hard stress on tha words no evidence_ against Clay Shaw:
Iald titlcd together very well, and thal have read everything_ said Justice Almost all of this lends to support, in one
Iorn could crie find among actual crim- Warren, "that has come to my notice in the way or anolher, the Warren Report. But now
very
thc: they
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that
they
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enty
long;
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they
Perry
ver very
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s Iok at Ihe iestimony that is called into If we accept that each instance of stress Obviously. whenever stress is found by
estion by Ihe PSE: indicates deceplion, ar interesting and the PSE and cannot be cross-checked by
The claic) that Oswald'$ iifle was unexpected possibility emerges: a structured interrogation, some probability
Ind inIhs Tcxas School Book Depository. must be accepted that this stress IS caused
Oswald was involved in some way in the
2 The claim Ihat bullet hulls matching by a outside issue No study has vet bzen assassination, if only a8 & Iall g1Y. Some of
wald's rifluwere found in Ihe same place conducted to ezablish wnat this probabiiity the Dallas police force may have been in-
3 The claim that one gunman was secn might be, but Iel uS pick_ for the sake of volved_ planted Ihe evidence that impli-
iiie Oswaid wirdow of tne Dallas Book discussion, a figure ihat may seem ridicu- caicd Osiald, ard covcrcd up #nc fact Irat
pository_ there ias a conspiracy. The medical exam-
lously high-_70 percent. In other words, wie
4 The claim that two gunmen were seen are assuming that 70 percent ol the times
iner believed his own testimony to the War-
this window the PSE finds stress in testimony. it results ren Commission, but later had doubts. The
5 The claim that a gunman was seen Commission tound evidence of
from something other than lying:
a difterent iinc3w of that building: a conspir- Now, let's ignore the deception indicated
acy but didnt believe i, so they covered 5_ Another claim that no shots came trom in the testimony of the eyewitnesses; even
it up in order to present a package to grassy kroil_ and a claim by the witness if present; it might have resulted from mere the public. Later _ at least one member of
0 saw the ginsmoke on the knoll that desire for attention. That leaves eight 'in- the Commission changed his mind, but
also heard a sho: from that direction_ siders who have demonstrated Si;ess #hen
since he didn't know what really did
A claim b; a Dailas policeman that making statements supporting the Warren
ither he nor Ofizer Tippitt knew Oswald_
pen, he decided to say nothing: So there Report: the Dallas policemzn Jacks_
3_ The claic ty the pathologist-_the
was conspiracy in Dallas; and in Washing-
Jackson and Weitzman; the medical exam-
'Irren Cort :3i81 S only source of infor-
ton nothing worse than blundering:
iner; Captain Humes: Commission staffer
tion aboit tne eutopsy__that tne X-rays could say all this with certainty if | knew Wesley Liebler; Commission membef John
J autopsy F:ztcgraphs support his tes- that stress always equats deception. Unfor- NcCloy; former Chief Justice Earl Warren.
iony before = Cammission. tunately, do not know that: But the PSE Assuming that there is a 70 percent
9 The claim ty 2 member Of the Warren analysis of the essassination tapes has chance that any single instance of stress
mmission t:a- :here was notning fraudu- generated a staggering amount of fresh is "outside issue what is the probability
t about the ;rer Report. doubt regarding the Warren Report; This that all eight insiances are due to factors
i0_ The ciaim by Eeri Warren that the doubt rises not only from specific points other than deception? Elementary proba-
mmission fcund ro evidence of 3 con- the PSE has called into question, but from bility theory tells us.tnat it is seven-tenths
iracy; that rore o; ihe Warren Repor's the very sinister implications of the raised to the eighth power; or approximately
tics ever fourd anything the Commission existence of deception among policemen, 6 percent:
Jmissed; tha: re had found nothing since government officials and Commission In other words, even making some tairly
publication % ine Report to change his members. The question remains: did such conservativeassumptions; there isa 94 per-
w; and thar re knew of no Commission deception exist or was the stress found by cent chance that at least one of these eight
'mber. who haj ever changed his mind the PSE the result, in every case, of an out- men is lying:
Jut their conciusions_ side issue? My own personal opinion? don't know
remember the young man with the ring:
He said he was wearing it, and he was_
but he stressed_ He stressed not because
he was lying; but because there was some-
thing about that ring that really bothered
him, something he didntt want the world to
know _ Perhaps that is also true 0f these men
who, in one way or another; leamed some
part of the truth about the assassination of
John F Kennedy_
suppose I'm not absolutely sure even
of that When first met Bob Smith of the
Committee; asked him if there was any
one thing the government could do to clear
up the mystery. Yes. he replied, the one
thing that would help more than anything
else would be t0 make available the physi-
cal evidence the detailed FBI lab re-
ports, the X-rays and autopsy photographs_
the microscopic slides the bloodstained
clothing, even the President's brain;
wherever it has been hidden. These things
he said, would go far toward answering the
questions aboat what actually happened
that in Dallas. Maybe would even
confirm the Warren Report_
So when say I'm not absolutely certain
these men are concealing something;
mean 1 can think of something that could
conceivably change iny mind. That is. if the
goverdment would open all its liles on Ihis
matter to US and prove that we are wrong
~we, the people who len years later sttll
believe we haven't yet heard the full account
of the events of Noverber 22, 1963_
O+
tidy
hap-
Hill;
very
yes_
day they
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62.116 4n-33
COME SHARE THE FINDINGS
OF THE NATION'S EXPERTS
DECADE OF
AT A TWO DA Y CONFERENCE ASSASSINATIONS"
THE LAST THREE PRESIDENTIAL
ELECTIONS HAVE BEEN DECIDED BY SPONSORED BY THE COMMITTEE TO
BULLETS: INVESTIGATE ASSASSINATIONS
1963 1973
1964 result decided by the assassination of
President John F. Kennedy TO BE HELD AT
1968 result dccided by the assassination of
Senator Robert F. Kennedy GEORGETOWN
1972 S result decided by the near-assassination of UNIVERSITY
Governor George Wallace
GASTON HALL
JOHN F KENNEDY SYLVANUS OL YmPIO
ABDUL KARiM KASSEM MEDGAR EVERS
WHAT is the evidence?
"NGO" DINH DIEM JIGME DORJI - ADIB AL
WHO fire the fatal shots? SHISHAKLI PIERRE NGENDANDUMWE
Nov. 23-24, 1973
HASSAN ALI MANSOUR MALCOLM X VIOLA
WHY has there been such a concerted effort Liuzzo MARIO MENDEZ MONTENEGRO SIR
to withhold the facts? ABUBAKAR BALEWA J:T.V. IRONSI AGUIYI =
HENDRIK VERWOERD TRAN VAN VAN
WHO was really behind the assassinations? GEORGE LINCOLN ROCKWELL CHE GUEVARA
MARTIN LUTHER KING ROBERT F_
KENNEDY EDUARDO MONDLANE TOM
MBOYA A.A SHERMARKE GEORGE
WALLACE OSAL VADORE ALLENDE =
committee To INVESTIGA TE ASSASSINA TIONS
1520 16th Street, N,Ws, Washington, DC + (202) 232-1152
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13-00000
DECADE OF ASSASSINATIONS
1963 1973
PROGRAM
FRIDAY S NOVEMBER 23 FRIDAY ~ Continued SATURDAY L
NOVEMBER 24
9:30 ASSASSINATIONS AND THE MEDIA:
9:00 LATE REGISTRATION 12:30 BREAK FOR LUNCH Mr . John Henry Faulk, Moderator
Early Registrants pick Up passes Humorist and Author of Fear On Trial
2:00 MEDICAL AND PHYSICAL EVIDENCE: Mr . Robert Kaiser Author of RFK Must
9:30 WELCOME: Mr _ Josiah Thompson, Moderator Die
Mr . Bernard Fensterwald, Jr,, Executive Professor at Haverford College, author of Mr . Donald Freed
L Co-Author of Executive
Director, Committee to Investigate Six Seconds in Dallas Action
Assassinations Dr. Cyril Wecht Professor of Law and Mr. Harold Weisberg Author of Frame Up
Mr . Norman Mailer_ Author and Forwarder Forensic Medicine at Duquesne Mr . Ted Charach Author of Second Gun
of The Fifth Estate University; Coroner of Pittsburgh, Pa: Mr . Pcter Noyes Author of Legacy Of
Ms. Sylvia Meagher Attorney, UN Official, Doubt
1O;0 CURRENT STATUS OF PROMINENT author of Accessories After The Fact Mr. Fred Cook Author of numerous books
ASSASSINATION CASES: Mr. Roger Hanson Attorney, counsel to and articles
JFK CASE Mr. Robert P. Smith, Director Sirhan Sirhan
of Research, Committee to Investigate Mr. Herbert MacDonnell Professor of 12:30 BREAK FOR LUNCH
Assassinations Criminalistics, Corning University; expert
RFK CASE T
Mr. Robert Hanson, Attorney, in case of Fred Hampton 2:00 THEORIES OF CONSPIRACY:
present counscl for Sirhan Sirhan Mr _ Mark Lane Attorney, author of Rush Mr _ Richard Sprague, Moderator
KING CASE Mr. James Lesar, Attorney, To Judgment and Executive Action Computcr expert and author
prcscnt counsel for James Earl Dr Richard Popkin, Professor at Washington
WALLACE CASE Mr . Ronald Van Doren, 6:00 BREAK FOR DINNER University; author of The Second Oswld
Newsman, Author, researcher into the Col. Flctcher Prouty Formcr Liaison
background of Arthur Bremer 8.30 WARREN COMMISSION REPORT: FACT Officer betwecn Pentagon and CIA;
ROCKWELL CASE S
Ms. Meredith Rode, OR FICTION author of The Secret Teams
Professor at Federal City College, slide show and lecture by Mr. Robert Mr . Robcrt K Brown Former Special
Authority in killing of George Lincoln Saltman Services Officer; expert in attempts on
Rockwell life of Castro
Mr_ Earl Golz ~
Reporter for Dallas Morning
M1.30 UNIQUE INVESTIGATIVE TECHNIQUES: News; expert on Organized Crimes
Mr _ William Turner , Moderator ~
Former Mr . Victor Marchetti Former CIA Agent;
FBI Agent; Author of numerous books author
on investigative techniques Mr_ Peter Dale Scott Professor at
Mr. George OToole Former CIA Agent, Berkeley; Author of The War Conspiracy
Frce-Lance Writer, expcrt on the PSE
13
(Psychological Stress Evaluator) S:00 INDIVIDUAL WORKSHOPS With THE
Mr; Robert Saltzman R
Computer Engineer? SPEAKERS
lecturer on the Warren Commission Question and Answer Sessions
Report
Ray
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13-00000
AMERICAN POLiTIcAL 455ASSINATONS;
4 BIBLIOGRAPHY
O} woRXs PVBLISHED
1963-1970
RELATED To THE ASSASSHNATION Of
JOHN F XZNNEDY
MARTIN LUTHER KING
RobzRt #. XENNEDY
Compiled by
THe CoMmitzz To INVESTIGATZ ASSASSINATIONS
WASHINGTON, D. c_
commitee To INYESTIgATE ASSASSHNATIONS
1973
==================================================
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13-00000
I. JOIIN P KENNED' D ckel, AA "Rctur t0 Dallas. JcEcLublls, 2) Decerxwr 1967 , Po #.
Blobop, JIm. mo_ Da Kenn;dHns Ncv Torkt Nmk md Neemalic, 1968.
"BlectPrIdaj_ TMve ycaro later.W [zevrk, 25 Rovcrber 1960, TPa 12-2J,
A: CENERAL "p 'na1 Brlth, Ovcrca: Kbum JF; DDfj'o hulb Amnlromar] SorvIte Acdlented to JE} BUJL
Drectoro Place Wreath Je Toes of PrcaLdedt," Matlandl tIaeloh Kntbly Jmuan
1964, Ppa 24-26.
Mfrtaliomng of pourscola ncbocracy = Mhc FIeht E0 Dwny RIghte. Currcnt DLecet_eL_sbe Bonder , Judy MItao. Inva-t_xattce 9f IclcLtcLLha Murtcr_%l Iobn U I~14t1 Antet
Srt_Trcul4 Jonubry 1966 Pa 25 0o0 + S.C.$ Drokc Ilounc 1969,
thc Tiaecdy He4et 4o Mevember 1963: 8io 414-4162; Booker, SIneon_ JFK Surpanded Abrahaa Llocolo." Ehcnzs Ibrort PPa 25-28,
(o thc Naa9 Inat Jon. Nc nccb 15 Auguet 1966 Pp. 30-3J: J2-36.
re)Ivcd; eecond JnstaTlacnt 6t the death of Prco Idcnea Ine: 27 Jenurz 1967 , Boonatra, Jan, Zea Qecowtl Jq DoL Lant 21 HovenheL196fL L Dud_eL_Inbe_Ly Iangedz'
Kc"#t
Sa. 4912-1951 Paacw Vrq deIrcieHea Van A stOIda }]BID-
A' J,
Bnd $ Iazc]_ "Sonc FunctIon: ot Rellgloja Rtual Ln Cateetropho: Keanedy Nodads Iothcck cn-docu-<ntatic 6cl1ool, 7968.
~rp
oInatIcn, Bectolcai;et45nsell' 2509640, 212-23; Bovder, Hallowell. Perllo of @aoty Hlotor studuLercku JI Bceeeber 1966,
4'1v87, Monfna: "Thac Iq ToJIrgcon_ pLebicn Icreld Isrzlne;/25 Januory 1964, Pa
21-25,
Bradd, SerGIu: "S1 Tocual CJact" Crenlsa, 17 Deccnber 1966 , Pa 12, Ulien #ight Fell
on tho U.s_ IblAAerla Jcrold KaRtzlne'_ Decewber 196J, Po 1o Bravo , FrencLeco. Joln_EItnnLd Leonady 01 itLLdoLacacolml4 dlacume: _Cuepct,
~Jchozon Tak.ca Otcr_ seturda" gcnInb_Lce 15 Fcbruary 1964, PPa 17-2J. 1963.
~:ica7
a 1n8 "l6tl." IVGutdc 75 Tauj57 1967 , TS: 19-22. Brele, J, "Maana tnatLon of Pcople.' Ava 16 Mcecber 196) %oo&; %8
T 2 Decorscr 196], PR: J6-J7, "PrceIdcnt Kcnnedy 0 Death : shyt 7v 11 Jmuar] P.9.
chAJd'6 {lacr? "srk J0 Novcmber 1966, PP= 25-20, "Dcath In Eocercng] Noa Ce: Parklcd icaatial Hoopltai. studsl Bakes
eken It sa9 Hovcrbcr 22 Ezeyeck
27 Novcebcr 1964, Pa 6. EeeE 16 Becccher 1963 PPo 30-JL,
"ctin 0 f 07 hcban:Ina[lon, Bc:o ;te"e Acleg'
00 DonLpLcends Brlenberg, Mordccal. "Thc RIddle of Do) lao . Speclator, 212(1964) , Js-306.
N:: ~r Lnt Brothcr. ~ncath hoo Pouccd: ECCIPE ~fcQE IoEA o_Jeopordr:
BrIeculer, Carlob . Bed Olcabo: Carlee Ha) Iberb 6 Co, D.d- Septrrbcr 1565, Pp. 9-12.
80(1961) _ 1687 . Brodie, Ibrcel, Irffute to the Jace PrenIdanc Jehn_PLteecs:Id Ernedty4lt_the turke
r~~eIyo9e and Lf tsra" Owatknrentuz, iLLocE, January 1966, Pa 21, Arch landou Abi. London : @TTTcc o( thc Chic{ RL6T , 7960
LIor Lo "Esflect one auc uc TrcRcdle. #IEEnuzu3La6t,%5,
po. J(1966) e Buchanan , Thomaa
453720287
C, PorocIlo 0 Ueoru DalJeau:' Dle, 27-29 February 1960,
4r 4ba1ts, Sterhcn Do "Thc Rcnncdy 190aoeLnac Ion. 56-58. PP. 69-80_ N,Ja} HinorIty of 1964, BudLeac _ Budlelca ~zloctn
0 Tekoqsu: Mswlk, 22(1963) , 6124,
'1, 8. 5, mahcf 0 E2d38' GuP ~iilc
drestLalor _ 2 Dccc@bcr 1963, 1-2, Bug-alk Paolo, cc 01, @ ha wccleo Rceucdz: Roma: Treprnt edltore, 1960.
nafrtIo Gikcd Trtgtua [0 Cdd" 0 Ked % 8
intto. 67 Aothony
'i%i;
"Buatneoe Plcdges Ita Support. Bualncoa Wcal 3 Novcwber 196), Pe J4 . Jne! !on_eLAEus dcot, reprlated Iron Ioy But Ler, Ed_ "The Great ^aoa00Lo Puzzle . Thc 4435004VLLLcBI 59444g, }, do+ 2(1968) ,
Ic, Yori: 96J,
John F. Kcongdj.' Surtert_Dgzgt_eLtke_Sovies Erede, 1} PPa 21-28; 2, Ro. 1(1969) _ Pp . 26-27 57-41;
Asen0'ri[io 0f PrcaIdcnt Caweroa, J, "Auane and Sone CorroninL , 1j Deccrbe: 196), PPa Jj8-JJ9 , Cccrehrr 196J, Fr 1JS' Jauary 1966, PP. 25-26. Copled, ccrald andVIvlan Cadded. Loe Qpa 1 Bravco . McCalie, Septerber 1968, PP. 12
Mnofo LnatJon ot PrejIdcnt Fconcdy . 2a4E_EurSte;
"Mcportal EdIcioo") 05, 115.
7r L3:t'7e [es_tent (crct' (KGFS Isot 196).
19617 JI-Jz . Camey, Frederlck $. "Crte Le of Conec Lencc In Dallao: Soul-ocarch Lob 51 . 'Nev Fatth Mn
Man a Inctlan: Scrnc of tie Ccloc_ #rra ' secpeccahGeadp 'fe8e;1aloc;=
Revepaporo, Dallen , Mhought cn the doy 0( the fwera] of Tom 7 DrIvera' 0e.otsl a0 Jouars!ae: Ion: Lc Rcforter 0 story Gnoe vaa and Joumelieo Revler, Crlale, 2) Decedhcr 1963, Ppa 235-241,
P1"%5eIaee Jouroltro' 0 Role: taregolved Ideuee _ coLumbln
Cart, Hebeonct. Ierca fuckerot-l Eacert 0 chc AanaaeJpat Im 0l Preedcat Rcncetz ad ticcetchece;ial to
verdIct; vIth report by G.R. Ford: LLle: 2 October 1964, FJSEE o"3SoZ@ZGzz John Ba Cook y_4.22mn.Nst 1A, Texaa
'Lntto : thr Caacro, CormaI eccoct_del Cccandrntr ridc GAWrC;_Nce Lucbe de Cuba_ecbre 1:
FPo K0-so0, uccaom re 23lmdca coc 24cn4nre d-} Tica dcnra Havad: Conlblon
AutcFryo 5 27 Dccceber 196), Pa 18. OrIcntac [0n Fev?luc lonarle , [HrccIon Recloan] dc)
Tu6z 716,.
" [G:e{eol,I Nezk 6 Jonu+5 1964, rP: 19-20:
2), do. 2(1966-65) _ @Ld'L Bzea Wcc-tcc22L1462 (potlon Plcture) _ Croup WI ProcuccIoud (released bJ Pa
"ijt, MXa. "FrcgIdcnt Johadona Kordkcrad881or. Erke_Dennogt,
Conccmorary Filon '1960.
6-6. Neya Yorld_Reeort, 26 Feb- A Chronolog} of Tregedy _ Ticc and_Ilde 28 November 1961, PPa 7-9.-
0l th; accrc, In the aooaedInaeJoo probo. Wi CLardi , John, "Noverber 22,7196]. Sturdo}_Peukcy Dececber 1963, PP= 16+.
rnn] 1966 , PPa S2+. 26 Novcmber 1967, "ot chaoo eod courore . SntucdoL Rvle 20 Deccuber 196), Pa 2s.
"aat to Dollas: Thecrica of J. Thocpton ad J. Coanelly. I:' "ClI{ford, c, 'NHarren Report: Nev Dooot ToF tha Kenncdy MemorabILie Industry. Mackca
PF. 36,55.
" Re) [/winccr 1967 Pp: 39-66. Macaulnc, 2 Novcnher 1964, P. J.
Groimd [0 tic Renncdz FIlo, "+504*674 ceeber*196s; {2-25. Alv7o, npcoatn Forber." Joumd) eEForenaLaScLccca July 1966, PP. 272-288.
"K%: D.Il . Kp0099I0 = {ntud"iZZFIZz; PPEreaz Covacere. "CorpendLun of Curlcu CotocIdcncco: Parallelo In clhlc_LIvca @d Dcalha of ^ Locoln md
"[_ Dean C. Tha [4244T3 ;iCEER Cardxi stwd of f98; J,F. Kenncry _ I4ne, 21 Aubuat 1966, Pa 19.
Anp Krbor: lnive: ? 6f*71i261,,n: Rkpt 5e7o,533.152, IaCouplcte_Kanncdr_Staa: - Four_Dark Dare: volo_ lollyvood: BoocLoted ProfeodIopal
2 ~fetf Frcc, Accntcea," Je 2u, 26 Roeghcr Scrvl T567 .
:xo "The Kcnncdy K-enaaIneticn, Vsl, Avtuu 1964 , PE;on0-8:
che Kcnnedz Condod
"Hacchurioo
Candidate Ln Dallao . natc, 28 Dececter 196}, PPa_469-4S1,
Traie, Mofrle A, 034 SLie_ fRrcueLvs ILehth [4e0ky reconat_uicc [on
T964 , Connaliy, Jolin B. Kcnnedy Hcnt c0 Dal ]0a . Tc, 24 Novcnber 1967 _ 866-863.
AegnalntLLa_7t {8 3c240 = Maoi ingcon; Cluba Fub. Sorict%
YoleDelbz Connally_ Mra Joho Bo "SLace That 1n Dallaa.
{ccauktovtvges € 196;,PPP
18-79+,
Pa?': Ict, Stcphcn 0, ~7ctf Naase[nrcIoq Book to WIden Kennedy-LBJ
Coot, Pred J. MoeeneLoatLon InveetLgatlons .
#: Iricgolz: Aakeo8hj6i318:
#atlogs lic"J, 15 Docecter J256 _ P?. J-J:
Koaauth KonyvkAado, 1964. 19 1971, PP. 40 46_
Xt"_ Adoab [lcrufJLkoea aipek neegcaise: veudafSsti
Aucust 1971, PP: 1J-JS. Cooke, Alntatr. "Aftcr the Prce [dcnt 0 MaaalnatJon. LLetcecto Decenber 196J,
7 Carle, Gru:h LY mL} 8oa 4 . 7o @hacrvcte 907-908 .
and" ilawa? 1 Caera Waed for ^a188Iqal Io KIle Rou [n Hational ArchIvea_ Inace A:apo:
of the Tounk Warrlor," Llotener, 20 Hoveeher 196), FPs 86}-854.
E1 Jmomy 1967. "Man at Large thc Evldcnce c the meaa6LnatLod o Preoldaat Kcaoedy . Kna
cblov V, ore LIcht Cq Eha Kcnpedy Nsfano
Kbook revlcv o DLe_Yohdheus _ #ber chedEer_Cudlen, 22 Scpcceber 1966 , Po 8
Eenet-Ierd %te
"ilimu @L "EgU Stort _JukS; by JoadiG Jocoted) = Cottrell, Jona: AcR3 natko: 19 Norkd_Stoad Sc42L: London: Icv EnrLLob Ubran.1964
CR 26 Oc : olcr 7966 , Fr: "1032 196J. Cowtna Horran _ TTa 18067 Of Ja5o7F. Kepnedy . EterduEeuos Dcalbrr 1963, Pp:
2 {rictcB , Lvco Ia Jow Cy Reuted fvt 4425talne Parto: EdicIons du cerfaut_ 21-27.
Vendella Poreket TvcnL
3t7#idtocit4e3_Jt346, @te: (Poer) _ Nev Yorkt Crovford, Lennecha 77bo Eaardoo @ Kodo." Aovunabss 2 Dzees*or 196J, P/15.
Shcl:
Sevr
"Hou J964,
~ika'
"The
16. Doy
#dib
Jcllo
"Gain ,
Ftldaz'
43,
Onc, Paneaie; t9
Ie
0>a
md
Cole,
Tc7
"Ma
3d2ii,
"thy
mok Doy
3670
July 36
Va
InntIcnt
75'
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13-00000
Iox, Sylvan. "boaaoverad QudotIonp Aboet PrcoIdedt Lonnaty'0 Asaestnatloa." _steoal
Jntca TaKcnaeh_Waereturat 4 BabLLeBruplucalEeem on Jobn Ex_Kcnnsd: Mev "Funeral &-;Z ,AE-gez873 Ke96ec,P M-JI ,
7i63. Jchn XLeegerald Leledy 4lyeuuteLIndcn X *ovonbor 190J, PPa 830-
Tork : Tcv Ycrk Ln vere t7 Frcov, 89J.
RY Md JFK: TvInd of Fatea phLLpptnug Hanld_txaglms' 16, Hareh 1964, PPa Galeo, Robert Fobtoom. Motee. Tno MoadoInntloa 0t tbe Prooldeptt Jurladletoad ner
62 , 64 61 12 .
Dallas : ierIcan Poater and FrIntIng CA. 1969 . lend.' S2ecwnc_LiRcvdel, Pall 1964, PP.69-81.
Icene. JW 04422Lrtlm Ille'
LebcneIncq Gana H.J: da Rrincey DIaQI July 1968, PPa $-6,
~0e Hana :, cd, Jn EFITZ Zoho [ Kannady:_ Aua dzm Rtouaee Gardoe Hkloo. 4 Ecenadl Bodapcot,
34EA"elo Tucich: Ro5eEloT--VerinR, 7907 Garoo, Notbord: pacnird; Mev Tork} Grore Frc9O, 1967,
btc cajua)tj @erczy 20 Fcbruan 1966 , 'Pa J1-J2 . Col loer, J, "co Riied John Kened)t" Satud-LWloht, Julj 1964, PP.
PcJolodcr_ 242 25 Tisy 1964, Pa 519. cccoheaaon, Alvtn. Kenrdz md Ba_rulaan ",(h;T) Dcok Corpeny %h teeriea
FcvIsltcd_ 05711 [ebrusry 1962 Icii Hjis1.%619. GIIAIace, Penalope. TThc Currcnt Cincts; Hov Lorteto 17 Jeme 1967_ Pa 95.
Ctektfwblotorla. [icg, 1 P+ 16 Oetober 1966, 273-285, CIIoed, R, "Pacte %f Horelicy. Co m%col" 77 Decezbcr 196) , PPo
'331-Jj8;
I( Taarrdlo," 7377R CE04tSAWEEzC; Jeccetebej9696 P;-S. Cltkeo , Edufo ed, 94_Eneto ma[Ci Rorrn occE load BLthgPIenLdcuGLmddeath
noea Caotto Ilcard {hc Icts Fov Crhee Ppa
0 Joho Kennadt: Nev Torkt Dootc @ooro ,71964,
'MscpaIcc the AIa ^ in Ehe Prec drnt' n pcoch: Excerpta]Ecoa Addfcodea: Goodhart, AL: Thc Batcrieo of the Kcnned] ^basoLdatIon and the EnslLoh Preoo, #
MS_a 3dYa'4JeE: 16 Dcccpbcr 195J, P' 7J. QuartarkLEevlak Jmun 1967 .
ii,, Irtle# cf 04MG Frenk, Cotntary, July 1963, PPa 90-92. Cordon, Bruce . One mdmeIake 1oSo+1Ln%_tho Kcnnedz_Aaunnatndt Lon: Fullertaa,
Re#Ic of K1b & Trnrk: DLec? Jiwrry 1960 _ Pp: Callforia 7968,
d(cd; 6cett!^ {rc" Iha_Dry REn Jiushos by Jle Bishcp." Ldkea_RouJeumal
Cordon , HIlIIan e. tsnnoLoatlo oL Preetdent Rendedy . Eutrurnardes Jee
'ovcrber 1958, PP. 351-157, 1964, PP: 6-1J,
roxa:lz Dlcd. Naerc Dezeber 1963568 RP. 20-26. Prlce. "Nach Joha Fa] Kenpedya Tod, Eedct Ppa 16}IAs.
9 Def [- P2.4L 17 Jan"a1J {631,4.
Cowereeot SC1II LIved _ ICZ, 29 Novcesef "56], PP.
sodcn, 33202 Hove beccn9ez '15:
299-31. Graha Pred P_ Doccoro Inopect Kcndedy I-r070, #ri let_Il4 9 Japuer 1912.
Presidg"t, C {7i 1' 6 Dccmher P' Greenbore, Dradley $, "DI{f4lo of Nevo' o[ the Konaad] MnnbLDOEIo4. Publ-c Cetnte
of 0 Prca [ lent. 77Io '5 dant yx 28 Harch 4967; Quert-til 28(1960), 225-232.
cl Fec?!dcne: mhc [97iifehcd Prcld $ ALJsnt4c, #orch 1965 PPa 112-11B.
Groavenor, Melvflla Bell . loot Pull kaoure." MAtmplCaoseraphLe, Moreh 1960,
~Ath o[ Pred Ident: Told 10 DIscct TcbEJIoN} Excerpto." ESLcA end_Vorld
301-355.
2: L, Deccebcr 1J66, PPa 60- 70 _
mnzLzn ad SIr Gerftold Bantct O0
Gun, Nerta&;
Red_Roneg Erot_Tezrd' Loudop: Prederick Muller, Led, , 1964.
~t Trcriten: Tenedy= SesErtnto bJ Str Rohazt
fovcaber :1962, J8-J9. CurRo, OccorIoo. Prcej LrocdwuoLono' Boeae Trev1, 1968.
2Jrt Hovexer, # @ "oten 522247%9 {4m, 88;-895 . Uahe, Hans_ Haice der TahrhcTc; der Korder Cefundender Iord Ungeklrt. ' ueltvocbes
~th 0 thc Prcz['ent "70D: Lexen liz_ Novccber 196), PP' J2(1966) , 1616.
'1Y I[}Je 4 T-n Ktr" Crenl? by CIAEIc md defendero 0f :tbo Harren] Repore.
21-22+ . me Houaded Landa JoumgL_throuxh Mudded Arertca. Rev Iortt Coire-HcCcna:
18 Worzstor 1980, PPa Dallans Tbo) puthot, 1960. 1967
WlO 04432243412 Hanson, NIIIIa H: mgSoetLna_oL JohnPe Jnnnedle San Mto0to, Terms} Tbe Uoylor 5.T165; 'nc& (frozjtlon Iareh 1964, PPa 1-JOs Cospan] 1969 .
[nor --Ifallo a1d the AftCIt;jth . turden_Oetntes Barrto= T.G. "Hemo About Dallaa CtcLse , Lpak, 11 Aubuat PPo 64+,
1 1766 P?o 1*60 _
#erl- Eed"t J Bebruary 1964, PPa_42_46. Hare , L Death of Preo(dent Kendedy . Bcceber 196), Pa J.
oct Da11n _ @,$ , 4701
1-13. "^ Icar0f Probceos MIth Sorroful ciobc Colueie jows 1964, Po_16.
unhr T1at Jix Iliot?" 41: P7' 31 Decedbrr 1962, P. 20: matred *dovo no Jostc. Saturdar_EvcnIcR_[CAL, Jeuty 15663 P. W.
FEar] of 07 sjctI Enebd + F #ticione Fcancc_J961.&;"1586. Ve Laried Our Lo0on671 @Ltln Cot 80 (196)) , 1612,566;
Xarvn. 127067_45 du @ La He Gavd Hl_LIfe Naohville , Tcnn, Thc
{kxic8(61): siv6 5
"S14 Drz In Tv R0 .
TZ EE.q Z" 6. %arrento Seatnar,
WaCouaneds, Me67t, Roroly. T^ Dallasl [tclethirdeteo Utan_ 21ezz, 17 Tiorch' 1964, PoJ
Martsn S, 'mc Frnnae' Hepderoon , Bruce L22 Ncv Tork} Cowled, 1960.
Fo' MInter 1737, Pp, 31J4 ,
J Movcaber 196J, PPa 92+91. Hercher, 0,h, "Thouaand vel! uehero @d Qpe]_Wodab0Mn . Ws Nawa ndVod McoIts
Rrr Shock, Ihen Reeovet} Euatacra Keck' Deceeber 1968, PP . J6-J5.
Slu$ Talk ttlet_[cic; RGtT 196766 FPa 49 Z decanber 1963, PP. 787.
Heeael , D, "To heal che voundo. OuLutkm_Centu, 01(1964) , 15.
"Uinter 196J; Tis; (Sr Qule: Volced. Hiotererude deb Kennedy- Horde. Dep IEIIDr"techleod, 1962.
*Rd 'estrpicg. " Wryrvaab' 9 Dececber 1963, PP: [9-702
16-20 , "Hiator 0 #cevrck' 16 Dccecbcr 1963, PP" 25-77. TrIa?: "~aablogtoo 75 overJer 1953;" B_ Ei196jch 029615-3&.
Holeen H,a. 00 one vorac tha chfe; Serion dellvcred st Rorthhaven Iethodloe Qureb,
::t7ffnef xrortal Boon, Hevnvcelz 3 Dce bec 1963_ PPa dca Kennedy-Hordee _ Doflao , Novesber 26 296). M @ktkm_Crntu: 0 (1962) , 2553-1556.
Va!:m Etuard J. Mr Tod Ka5 Be Rild JIJ: eIne qeua Uncerauchunb
Homke_L0_ fotend 3
Seri_
cribuce B tq td ntiod for_Prceldent Joh B Leretr #;axa4 20 , nob 29(1966) 6367_ Hcv_Torb_Tlozs_Hsuslpe. 20 Nev York: Unitcd Stateo Coualttce for the Unitcd Natlon, 1964 .
(R;'EcT In the ^r0 >19 LnatLon Conttoteco} , Horovlte, [rving La rrenncdy 0 Deach , #tho and RealltLeo. ' Irna-tttods PPo ApI] 196) FP: 3-JI, #S.
:7 rht
~[ndcv. # Yiquensk , 22 Jue 1961 , Pa 22 .
Nera nnd Vorkd Houto Marohall. "PreeIdent Keanedy'8 Autopaj ve Botched: mdLcpL Ecmcutcs Hard
iul E"9 6our? vIchout Dfceident: excC pco froc tcdtiraoleo." @St
1968, P 269 .
@CL?-E, 14 Novcehc[ 1965 , BR: &x"
S0 PrmcIaco} IdlouLId Puba: = D8 Ith DaLsehtal Advcntucco InCourtroon Jllchee Mv Jortt Covut Iccna
7, Karcli, Wtlce%lnauees Arar"I Vo2l:
1965 . e_the neanelnatlon_eL_EreuLdent_Jeto "Ilou JF Dled Navaveeb: J Deceoher 196), P.5s,
%:_ ~ridence somcctedyuth_tho_Lnwtat-autLo Anthony_ Elc o tho nmcral Laulis' Novsteer 1960,,#; Ho-kZ:
Kr3c4~ (R.P} 756}64 _
or" the naaneLnatlm of_PraaAdcnt Joho Ilove "0n daath of Jolin % . Kcanedy . Thl ;dVott L4i5e EttgRokt-
#[r+rcr ccmected uIch chc Jac"tAS"ELm Mcrocard EUTCTuno , 1967_ cIco oLDucratAc_RadLcallam. Ncv Yort; Harcourt , Erace Torlj , 7956 .
2 T +557, 757 5o31" FicTcori;, TCTIRRR;
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1965 . Ilushce _ Ermct John: Mi M Edlo @n the SIIcace. ncoct 2 Decenber 196) , Pa 52.
J81 r 84 _LD"_uth 6c4- Hav
Ucek 20 Noverder 1963, PP, J}-J2 . Myrdede Ilven %& Avorfor?" Fkt_Dennark, 27 71961-66) 15.
~et 7 Si-mgt 5r7)e; Buis Incln "HyannLe Port RebialEed: Lcek (17 Tovcebct 1964: IieJn; IirroriL L4u13) . 37-45,
3244%- 12,
Jauj;y 1966, PP. 27-35,
Ncu York: AnerIcan "iyPothetIcal Caoe: LcECrO , ~ #tkonal_Rcvely, 17 Decrrber PP'
52316,& Joowr
#aterIcal Rcccrd 2f che Dath cf FreLdent_Eenncd: 1966 3
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Page 263
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Jo Ta ; tot-Lanady s0on91Inatioa threAto of ramLeldt. Lereeb 2} Dacarber 1963, KopkInd, Andrev. Kconcdy Myatery Rcopencd. 29 27. Korolovaky LJoo . Pwva Vailaconb= 6[4t91540, Joly 1966 _ P, 16J.
Jc+ Grld Iezc-*L 4242-4262_I=ald-Lelth_(olt-d Stntc 2 Kearkea} 'i;ccererol. MH3.&
5, no,
2"6i 7ii9665,7855583, "Kcanedy 6j18ko88r8
'~ EinjJZ;;547423 [ntudtL Wovaai@ Krlatl, Zvominlr, et al, Eonrdu Dratn " M Zagreb t [edavaeba Euza
Fa rtn~i EL ~d 09_tLEfe Wxinzton; WuTT016] ok 1963. "severradt"
K~lvc"] 196 Krocger , Nbert R, Four Doye. Ielevlela, Jonuery 1966,
PP' 27+,
In 1"5] Hs Sutloed_ Ookclkosent"o 60 (1962) , 1599-1601. G.R, the Free Ldent dled; Ito ecanin; an4 L5pac€ _ Eedbect. Hard 1960,
M~ 0( Son Treuicjnco Rnmpafto Mabtzlae, 1966; Kurpoth, Rudolf, "Gedankcn w den Tod John P. Konedj." Prs
0; De,io:: 717 RIpkc to Deat Ait3 . Tehlet' ) otober 1966, PPa 1LOI-1JOZ . Dclcatblet, 10 ,
Do, 12 (196J) .
JrontennuZg rnatabene
In '[lol Aic Ioat, Beic;:"ert; X Nov-tcr 196), PPa 83-04 Wlon to Johnaon:" Duuancoa Yect: 3 Norcaber 196),
+ ArchJvro Z-5rj1 6nd pholcbrrho of body Gl JM," IL2, I Novenber 1966. P. J}. Lona Hrk . 4 cLtlesn "- 1 Deacnt Wort
PPa 46, 60.
Ancer: 224ut_!cdl: Moaccy, 1966. 1960 . Mcv Jcrk: Hoit, Rloehort, @d VLet
B {1
"7tdix
[n Ics[[;atIcn . WC: #3] 11 Decenber 196), 'PP.' 10-12. Kcnncdy_
0 0 & [05a: Plo dc JaneLrot E: Sag4. 4967 .
"Echo 0[ Dall9v. Icv TIncs 21 [ccrucr PP . 29-J1 . Ilan Jn thc Doorvay _ ELle Corcnt, Fell uinter 1967.
In:] - Ie Icz, ~Ycr Etrordcco Fcnzdy Patten wd phmtorc: Suche Hach dn twette Runh [q Jude: zot, Ncv York? Molt , Rnchart
Atto?bate:," 5e7alyy 21, no. 48 (1966) _= 7. Rutsh tc_JudEzzn; GreemLch , Conn,
{oecert , 796/4oote 1966.
1e{T , {c, Jcm_ ~ny Fictnan 10 Ecnned] 0 Hat , %" Ravdel: 2) AprIl J968, Ppa J96- RIMcd Kennedy CBS Le Wronk. Irwa_HnBrtae,_ Dcccrber 1967,
n21. "Lane 66y0 Ji dcath 1o at1li wdolved purder_ PTA Tcrkk, 27
Ict: Jdio 0 , N-tthF rhc Eestle nor gluc_ELath-AAtcd Ma Iaur _Leadloe _te_thg Preet- Lanxer _ E, "Rennedy '8 An0 8dInetIo0: Stud) Organtzcd 77
Aububt 1966, Pa][50.
f=2 md t: Te SL:-ch4 Ma4u 'nGxg' auat In,yTcres Pcrbanton Decceber PP' 1666-1667. Socfo] SclentIote . ScLancg,
{Csr,
meLees_Io Dure (Dot PIcture) _ Naval Photo Center 121}-69, Htlonal Archveo
;r_ s eineioi EoWlle, 1 febru1g 1969 Ppa 9-10. Rccordn ServIce MID : 17 , @4
~nnorsd?n 'Ia 5' 1966 P7,
65-68. LatcIeer Dr . John K, "Fectore In the Doth % Preefdent Kennedy. JA44, 26 October 1966
"14 lo2
'1 @cc:&er 195}, P?. 94+, J6,
Lauzon, A Au Banc Accuce _ ue QIIle: Dallas . " L Macorlne_Naelcona, March 1966,
J5; nou ~tIkaetou but _ 0.5, Halm 22LWerd_Rgrerea 1) Karch 4967 , Po PP. 1}15 , 56-58.
IJcg: Ilcv findios?_ 0461 Nevn "nd 'ec22tt 77 January 1969 , Pa 6, Lwvrence D. 'IncredIble Tragedy . WS , Hcvr end _World_Rcperts 2 Dceuber 196), 106 .
rhe death 0:4 Zoubt. # Uere: 5 DScc tc? 1966 _ PPo 25-26 . Lavrence, Ltocolo (paeud) Werc Hc Ccotrolea: Nev Tlydc Part, Ic Tork: V19eezit, IOoo14
The Kurde 5 074 th #gth. "T7' Jue 196,, PP= 1967 .
Hur Cer: Swcro of Dowbt _ Ycr:rt MELI 1964, Ppa 22-26,
2-J, Lefevct, Emcat W. lncertaln Hlandale BeItIoore: John HopkIoa Prese, 1967 1960.
JaJr"fe, #ck = Mn AncrIcan Tr"8e47-"` PhILoea_Etea Bceeber 1961, PPa Lerer Har. "The Wor]d Tepact," Iuatratc4 London now 66 , dD06 1707 (1983) .
75,
te Prawd Ho helLedEtloce "The Horld Impact . Nex_SLArcZZ, 779 Noverscr Pa 769 .
'~^n, JoachIs . T4BVr2et Lc_Evcr_Told; Xrrdl Me , Hartza, Dallon 4Gd; In.rS Groooean {0,d3
1S, ~in. Ine anfhor, 1968. 1968. "Lettero [0 the Editor M Em Bevacy,[3I Dccember 196J.
Kov [2;tYs !4lt m{4LLtteWI} Locd e tecez Dacbid
fu co the Edltor; vIch cditortol cottcnt SolorScholartlc: 10 Japir 1966, Pa+1/
Rr Tat rdy-Ilid ab TToTiETache Wathreft [tfurte_Hatte Levlo , Bemard, "The Bell Tolle In Dallea_ LLAtmne _ 5 Decccbcr 1963, 916. P. Llgu _ 04 Palltat, 21 (2966) 0,
FondeED DEscgedtet: 0' JFK dIed; what People reecober no_ Gzod IouckeccLos: Novesber 1965,
Jc ? Lrj1C244442441%_ed32nd5 0f Ieeut-dretuky PP. 84-87 .
~e Canhzren: NJt Tiorelak Zoclne j565.
J1%. LLfc John_E: Kenncdz_nanarkal edLc Joni 4l 08 LLLe'0_AActurca rnd tcIt 0 che coaC phec)
Jr Mftsctaij Trnacd;," Ic+ (17 Novetber 1964: Me JnHcu-LLnnWD) PPs LoBcrrec of Qur [4e: Includ huboAronky and hq Do2c Zoduuok Mr
"o0 Kac?) Cotnlanion t0 Ffose Ka 9 eraJaat Loo . 444L 7UFE3Z41HadtklReeor,
cdro: Tlcc 1963.
6 DcotacI 195), PP. 2122-2123.
Da] Jea . IaIL4, 25 Feb 4ioloy; Sannod18ro3z43k5 #4 4n044 LcxIngton Haaj . Itek CorporetIon, 1967 .
Jao Pan; eroi Dsatho I0 the Lon} AftcreAth of Loncly Suzicr Jacque [Jpc_ Lek 717 Hoveebcr
1968: I:
JI_Kec?LL Leer 65.
rwan 1967, P. JI, 72 .
Ruch _ "TelevisIon and the Kcnnedy Asoaon InatIon. Ycv 1J octobef
4966;
Jo- V, "Ha7ct'17 Dallw . LbEERJcum:l; 1 Javry 1966, Po PPa 567-571.
": "7, JIcfort Rfce: Jo. Kxd:re? ZI4ELCTA
i74l294444854570m Lutzkcndort , Pellx. DeLlaa_22:_Novcnhett EtnazenIachsr_BcrIcht. (Baael} Deech
9 Xc 2LL d:_ 07104162 1Jezau:_Low F CZzL/aw de Meksf , Gyorgy . Kenco724oTQImTZ Budapest : Rocouch
Roozob.ad3,63e
1964.
B;tta; FIdf:tJa] WorIrcctcj 1268. "Han Mho KlIled Kennedj 6 ncccmbcr 756), Pp. JJA-_
{s : - {f Erula Maz 0 44e5;; Fp Londta 1965 . Hmchceter WIliac R @e Dotb of ErcaLdcnt Kovaroacr 20 Woteober 25 1962. Rev
Rz o3h J, "a "Iolt €o th: Cretc EiolleD}" July 1966, PPa 8-11, York: larpere_ 7967
', Kurroj. rnctlrs Eack c the Ann [ vergarz Scet_EQE 1866 PP. 776-779 . "Tlc Death of Prepdent . Lookbs 26 Jenwry, Febrwn, 21 Febrwr, Hurd ,
Grc}:r chm CrIcf , Atlentkc= PP. 78-J0o , 1967
"K ~t Allt Jn ha' {eal." Salcnce Pcvr tIc;" 19 October 1966, P. 229 . "Dood Van ccn Pree [dcat _ Bcwu Iaenetnc, 1967 (oevcn serIallzed pecco) :
T "c4 Aeda9 IcacIon CormmLat WerJios." 24LiEz; Hoveaber-Deceaber 1961, Ppo "John F, Kcrnedy: Porttait of Frea dent. BeLlder Mtkattne, AprIl, Huy , Jepe
L6, 1952
"ro .m] an?a10Injlon; questIon of Jecond {nvcacLgaton." Ja_RcpubLLe, 12 Novcrbcr "Mort d'u Prealdent. Purle_Hecob: 1967 (clghe ecrlalizcd Parto) .
1966, P' 8. Dceeber 1967 _ 88. Pert ralt 0f n Ptealdcot: Boeton: LIttle, Bro 1962,
~~h innaINIaatIon actethLob roctene> , Sntu doEvGnanb_Ecads 2 Po Tod Prio drntcn. Stem_WlaxatE 4967 (elght sertellred perte) .
Fannce, bool_ Co51t24l: 6 Jenuar] 1967 75;. 17j67 :
26 Jmwg Tod Praaf 255 Navcnier 4962. Prankeuce : 5, Placher, 1967.
4 Jic7"-Hor L, Ecouedy 86j8 thcok 7au to 800,000 frteodo. Lg' TIc Kcnncd,n Mciu Duch BeE Ico, Dim Toxaloe: 26 Morch 1967 _
1264 PT = 17A-32c, E1 "WIIlae Hnnchester 0 0m Inot _ Aprm) 71967
Joto {
DjEo irrcsboL_Joln _keredL _" Dullaes_tovcnbor_22 4262: Paoo} Honde L, r "End [0 #ec? Ing Worb thc 0 I* crtical aecondo. 6Decenber 196), 5:
Pra-s;f}) ~Iwec& Tsia Hanoca , M. "Inir VIctl: Rcrerte, 19 @ceobcr 196 } . Pe
rrtoho: Nc' L%. Bziee4, 1 Dcc-~ber 196) pP. 26-25.
6,
nna { Lcld , Hlchec] J, EqcRLc? tethe_atc_Prca= JonELt_ecrald_Kannegr dcl Lvared
Nath: Tlrx 7 Con[tur: ] Vr1 Rcbar, 76 TS; 21 Avguat 1966, Pa the retImd4 0 Ihc Ied Stntcs Cautq Sovczbcr 20 Hcu Dricozo ,
An
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0X . Jobn_ELtERELAld_Kcnncdrs_euuocLcs Eo tho lcrc FreaAdcat dclvcrad Jp
ILrllz o 2%2tins 16L, Wi:7j; Wis, 1960.
42 rotimda 0f thc WtoSta
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Page 264
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13-00000
scmlcy J, KadccEr% foul: Ia_Cnlrz_ rhar curt ?APraoldrns_Icnncdz 915 "ntecaat BroedcnetIna Corteny. Mets Hen Prcod-nt: @ev Tork: Lndan Bowno, 196(
Lox Angclre: Duceau of Intecoftl?e[ Reloc_one 1967, NatIovo: Iov Sorro ful Dad_ Jnc 29 Move cr PPo J0-J9 ,
'"-rTJred
8 3: R6,
0 Jqurng . Iccm= I4ellan'At, 13 Pacerber 196), Pa 3, Nelomo, Bctry . "I( Kcnpedy hod Survivcd: LIte Ln RcepLrator Hlght Ilare Meo pLo Rjt
I} , 'n, RIchard, Ic IcnntG#? Ncv York: Ee]roul Bockn 1969 , Ansekin 0r, Jue 1960 Pp a 1. 19,
r cf rer,onnb Jc #ume' 4IC, 25 Novcaber 1966 _ PP= JR-401+; rNcv Moeeso Lnacton thcon: theo5 of J, mhorpoop. Nczob, 27 Noveeber 1967 , Pra
M" 7m Fcwr Wt@z; Jo 1gr Ncvcrhar_2i-25 1962, LcJ AngeJeo : Tho author confLIct ovet 0809 Inotal. 4fsnLud Horld TEDQE 5 Deccabcr 1966, PP+
J95]. "Ncu LIeht 00 chc moabaInatJod} accret a8cnt'00to5j.1 4itN~ n: VerldEcet
Karr, "Ien. ~Novcrher 22 , 196J. E5eE5ec; 25 Bcambcr 1964. Jue PPa J8-J9,
K Stonley. ~t Thc] Prc Sc]Ins L24
"38
Novcrber 196), Pa 868. Ncino, Mfred, Ie An_PnaLnatm ofJchn R Kanatz MeRan_WL' Bov Tort:
4~ Jc a D Rmf)-tIo fs # Dallaei the @ns_La_Mnd: Nev York: Expoettion Preeo , Clarkoo T; Potict, 1970 .
1967_ NIchole, Dr, Johna "Prcodenc Fcnnedy'& Arcwalo." J0 July 1967 , PPa 129-13
H:;. Tonm K, "Thc MeaaeiartIo Indutty: TentatLve Checkls of Pub LLcacIona 00 "Notea end cosrcne, 7 iecceber 1963, Po
"
the Kurdcr of PreaIdcnt John F, Lenedy." Ancrkc_n Bgak_Collcc:ot Suunct 1968= "Novceber 22, 196}, Dalion; Photon by NIne Byetandero_ LLic, 23 Hoverber 1967, PP
M ~I, Kar. "Nter srcat DAln; fomal [ceLng." LIs4, 16 pecozbcr #Pa 764 _ "Mov the Trurpet Sparons Nbalob, BusInce? Wect, 30 Novczbcr 196}, PPa 21-2).
73t%i Johe_ELL_Rcteld_Kennedy. H( _ bhinztaa; evenlgn Sear Hevapaper Co, "Not the U.s. Beto JEX auecpny _ 0S,#en and Vorla Recors, 16 Novceber 1966, P: 15
S.
0'BrJc, Conor Ca ~The LIfe md Death of Temedy - Nov_SLaccRnL, no. 1810 (19
Xr ~zh ] M, ~rerIs Novcrher 27nd, 196J. [Cusulate_lcaus_Crleeder, Sovenber-Decenber 50-51.
1966 ?5 . 6-9, "No ona Ebe buc ha. Nol StALeana, 30 Septcubcr 1966, 'PPa 679-681,
Kc `^PPJ, (.Jg Aris Ja "ort de Eenned}: L 'tcrlque devant Elle-Mevc. Ecudee: Pezue 0'Toole, Dr . Jabee R, "Mournlng Frca dent." BsxchlattLs_Quartetly 60 (1966) , 7J
Ethellc%: X Jelazeeicirol, 1966. 155,
ravvhcr, Sy[]^ Tne Curiou TentiEuy of Mr. GIvca.' Tozae MWaEL' IJ Auguet 1971, "0 the Par Rleht: The Aoodad LaotIop, csuamkcal, 21 Dccczher J86-385.
11-12. "0 the Wrtttng of Contcrporary Hletory _ Aclant Harch 1967_
796 6,*;,
PPe Notes
f0r ncv Lovcateaclo." Eaqulce' Dccobar 1966 , PPa 21+. "oavald 0 HLecorlc Dery. " LLfe, 10 July 1964 PPa 26-JL,
"Ca cIoo the Dooro toc cpcntn; Thca 0T che Llelt & the Harred Iovcottgattod. "Other Guna Nauaycck, D Decenber Pa 15.
KloerLty et_(ze, July-Augut 1966 _ PP- 29-J2 . Pacte , VIccdtc ^ Tiat: Campalea did Lea NacbkyGrophLc, 25 Bcerber 196J, PP. 2, #ox
Kira onEIud CredIBIILL} Chaod, mc MLnart5z of Hareh 1967, PPa 21- 98.
22 _
Panter-Dovnce , Hollles froa London." Ncy Lortet: 1 Dccrber 196), PPa 196
"A Peychfstriot 0 RccroactIve Cletrvoyaice. me_Wlnorty &f_0ne' June 1966, PPa "Porle : leCoup de Dallao . MoxStotcarm, 6 Decenber 796}, P: 017;
2531.
Parlach, Alexander 0 Jacque]lne Rcnncdy: dao Leben eIncr HItve.' stem Hauutni
cln lih Malo; Ho thc Roanedy Ipvc)tIgnEIon Hna Orwan(sed. meHnorkex 1967 , PP. 90+,
SE, Jvly-Auruat 1968, PPa 2127_ "Pathologlnt Sleuth
en Kennedy Controvcrer Sugkesta JI eu{ fered Eror Mdloo
m' Kul 0p2 cc. E022NEE' Tetrur 1962 , 2P. 35-J6 . DLoease . Sclcnce 22 July 1967_ 0
-ial G2llcrioct nc- "%45 Ntcrc{ia chrnatc) lov evernta of Lhe nEeqgelnatLo et_Jobq Pereanedt Becord 0f Whae He Votched Iro Noveaber 22-25 , 196}." 0
E 4. 3735716442 Cieve ]and; Dc 11 and lovcl} Co, MIcro Fhoco PPa 2165. ICude 25 Jent
Di71R16, 1,66 ,
of InforantIon Jn Exerscnt Publc Crioce che
J 6 E0 KIIl Kemedy? Ruah [0 Judeesot t Nev Orlesna. Snturdo
1' PJcoho Iarold, "Broadcae € vs , Sourcca PPo 21-25. Exl
Trczldcn:{al MaabaIcatc, Joumel ef Breadc4It102+ Sprtog 1966_ 81985) ; 167-136. "P!lgrteogee co Grave of Pree1dcnt Kennedy : Shedov StI!L
",Inr] E "Echocs of Dalle I Indon Do- 1709 86& 23 Noveober 1966
Po 8,
Cat Over MhIte Bocae." m
879 .
66 1707 (1962) 766-768 ,
"Plegy of 1t. Jrh_Trmtlet; Decgeber 1963,
Pa J.
"Ate 0 Trocedy . LluEsatel Ledm Kve, noa 27 Novec
Poecrante, Qnarlottc Ihe Hoed 0f sbe_NatLon. New York: ~Ile1e Ix "Spo7Jrcrek1 Metok 00 {r.Jcet MerIke . Jarul W WLtedl; "Portrait of Peychopath_ nczaxccl, 16
HarELot md Huseell,
ber 1761, Pa 60h. Pobeony S,T, Lng the alr;"
3X6E,9; PP. 82-84 .
I~Jc#eKeu?Aelt: Zazreb : ~Seamot, 1967_ Poznano L 0 Dallae . cte 9 1965 PP. 11}-JJ6.
: ZsvEr_ A-ArIko Je Pove ln Iaerasu nad Serm Schou. Borbe, 1 bcecber 196}, PPa 29- "Pree [dcnt N0a90Lnaced by Guneen
Treii J966 PP. 26-28.
887+ Bt Da las , Uytatcd Lndon 3 Noveeber n_ PP,
"St[mod Ironfka 22, Noverbro. Rorba, 26 Movcebec 196). "Prcetdcnt Kenncdy
tnage Lnated." Thc 23 Novenbcr
"RbfJea Prcdsc'cuk SN Deoa Fenccl T 3gite: 23 Xovcobcr 196J. 534 dcnt Kenocdy Lja (potton picture) . 196) , Pa 0.
:a r4 5. Ltt;*_ Secd? of Doubt : Sort Gu:ntIoo ^hout the MbeaaInetIon. Hov Treea CoverIng thc Traedy. " Ic- 29
Wolpcr Production Mllaa Ctdera N8o
E~-Ue_ 21 brceber 1263, FPa [6-17 . "PrIcelebe Rolc , nevaweck, 16 Decemscr
Novesber 1961, P. 86_
"1p8Tu ~I. 'Eafz Jc 1a Dalloe 41 Seznclc cl d1 fatrevare . " Bentru iperaren pickl, "Prtoc r of an0Inatton mhcorlee . Eculre, Dec 56 .
rcc 1266 , FP. 19-22. Puche_ Ignacto, MceInaco; 6] nacninato
cecheroJ966: PP. 203-210 .
s9Jc} ': phcton m? S-rayb of auco?ny cirgst 16 Movecbe= 1966, Pp. 30-J1. Grafica Ruan_ 7965. Kcnadz en Eodee @ip Mad
5178, f , Loqelty nreded: qucn [070 coccrilg thc Q80a00Lnaelon. NcLod Ieal "A Qutct and Sad #cvevcek 30 Ieccwbcr 196},
4%2r4ne, 25 DecnScr 1966; 8 Joauroy 1967 . Rand MIchec ) et cotp . be MianelnatLo of
Cts} Jinnt
TTt o/ Trascdjs Ua JS md Vorld PeLore; Decetber 196}, & 6. Raakin, Marcua. "Ruah f0 Judecrot_ Yalc Lr}
78134 Loadod:
R, m
Trattr
Sal : Condcnn gtIco Tron #ft of Prophest: Rcuader '2QLgenE, "Reactim In the South _ 0b Nrynwacks 16 DccrTcr Jauar PP. 581-397.
ITa7;4}; 1965,
235-242, "ReectIo to MIIoco _ Scodnco
196) , Po 27 .
rc Intc;d [{OrI0d
Poncemn (nazhe Beath el
0 Pze2Ldent by Wa anchcator. Ncue_end co thc moageLoation;
Lattera Dcerber Pa 350.
Var)a X ]anuin 1767, F, J6, rcopondcnta.'
"OE5I8LexCCeDca {Too, Feporte t0 @rtitle Centun'' 0EYU Cor
Re }aa.
BCI?I:
me_xarh of Pucaldcnt_JahaExEcmctl: Nev York: Ncv nuerl- frm thc #DI:" Ncuucct 25
10 (1963) 1618-Jc T9 ,
[D , 21nlant ~i Mccabar PPa 19-20.
cm LTTT, P1.
rh? %a4 {~on_Dalloa Vma "enrdtn
Hmroy = Joac Lulo_ pai dp @ULIc_@; Ja {Yor_nacfao) dc Gur: 5kl4k
fc Hr'&hc _ 2t_ Loxesd '@ Hcyechrr Jl A24Jr slh fntadco_(h(ilcr 'l: 4n
7cp7 (y 4:.itit Tj65 _ nola: laclennl, 1965. "CJ0r Jcho P Tcccedl:
(Xt 1<i 8 Urv r8034 mhccd X1 ' @{_3 2.8 Moacebcr 1966, na 135 . Robcrto, C, "Eycuitocad Ln DaLan .
"Prpoft {I~ Ilcxlco 07 Rc acEJun co Jzia Rcocedy ITrKIc Deseb. [tbqte Rcberte, Carleo W, Ie Truh About
ncnveck, Peccrbcr 1966, PP' 26-29 _
6] (er-=*-r 1963, P 12= Robcrtooo, Aa "Hurder Mnot] foul;
thc Aaneatntla: Rzv Tork} Crodtc€ aod Dalep.
S,= Froj N! mut HIcic Icace: Idcceeh_#ozuatng Jaua> 1966, Pa 26. "DId thlo e
LArocn Aurwbe 1964, PPa 90-Jo6,
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71963,
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Teul JIacha Splel Ie]Jan Lcmcdy-trd. mr TrIck des YeItbornlctn
S' ", 9, "Ilo t Lrn for cnllectIvo kutlts" 0 Jb_K" Ind_World Rcrortb Decaobar Mlnokfuckt. #cbeakuche IIoulachay 15, Do .49 (1962). Porchachart
1963, P, 72. Jo Great Not Lon."" %0nc446 9 avclcr 1961,
Do1,02: J.
co be:r Ihc rcporc 00 Fongedy_AvonoaInat Lop." J6 nom end_Kutld_Bccert, 12 Oecor "Thle patIop, wder Cad; stattaut bjJ tha edltoros" Ppo
prr 1966, Po Z0) . J7-J9 . ErclyNIiul Joqiusry Pa
[ Juezarnt: Convrr?a:Io uIth Hark Lnc
aid Lalie de Antonl." ElnCounentt Mhoone, J: 'Lc Ionde LIbrc € la Crive de Dalleo.
Folirlster 1967, PPa z-10. 81-08 . Lnonkle Tyiw
Inecmulotle
1
1, Mcrerrn4 16 Qus {4504*6 Kanna Anat Paqantc, RJ, Thoeoon, JoeLah, %{2zt In DaLlad: Ilev Torb Droard Cala Mnoclatr', 4961 .
t) about Dat Ina. E4Cz;iz 6 Serterhcr 1966, PP. 887-088+, Thowpoon Mhcwad . ICioo Tollcenan &d 4 Nbadatd 0ra Lald Xanf In B. '~hWlc;Tnby 0f :T ZE.EELlr: Ncu York: ScareCtow 1969. Deccnber 196), PP. 520-528. €0 RepE, Toos seb
teljan_ 'ikhaIl. 7142,3. 6tio7" Iov? 7" Ztmotbl_DSeces, Jie Aubwot, Thotpbon , N.c: RIb) Learenty &Lyccacucc_Eoletloa_ E@cha 1971,. Kcnnaay Snn nnt
Moutratkne eL Pmuld-t
{-1'rect, Plcere E.G MVith Ecndcdy . ' Gozd Iokcukns, Avsuat 1966, Ppa 57-67, 158, 0
Thougand
16
25341/("38" July,
5 Novceber, 12
160-168, 170, 177, 176. 1965 . Boverber, 19 Hovenbot
Snodcr Fezcrt, cdn 4LrIbus_Lo Jekn Ls_Kcmedz: Gteago: Encclopedla movwand_Deja= John 47[#ncd_Jo_tba_HLte _Iovee: Bcaten: Iloushton HI{EIIe,
@cltmneca Frcgj , 1964 Poticota ac Parkland. Icaan ScJoumn of Mdletn:s 1965.
Io"ry _ Wrrino? Ea "lo KIlled Tcnncty?" PEQAtcuLve_tarczlne, Kovcmber 1966, PPa 36- mhrwtoo, S Dc Io7f? olnbct Ncv York;
{2.J Ge83 Axgociaee; 6&7;'
J9 betvccn, Rrportcc, 5 Dccmber196), Pa 14 . Do d,
{ 834 J. WIcbct: "rcnolucicne of thic LIberal DIJeama Lo che As6,90Ination of Prea] - "The Ilrce Iovcs Gotco che K8baba Lnat Lou . 12
Ccnt Kcnne 4 2254 0f Tarat '4LLtL, Deccrber 1965 _ PP. 636-648+. Tobto, Rchard Lb
"ECeYowe Can?tee)nfouc jead Ae Ri; Kouecfober Tal6sialoa Pa 20.
At317*$ _ "wu W'rhc Q chc Assmalcatton Sccrct Asent Story Neaaqd Covcrage Of the Kenoedy AobaabInatIon Ston: Tou: end Mevo
YcEc8CZ302, 8 Junc 1964 PP. JF_ J9, PP. S}-54_ Saturdor 16 Dcccober
%o. Kn 409 Sar4n8. N~ LcdeL, Rovcmher 1966, PPa 8-1J. Torch Io Panaedi tho_Anaeclatcd Prcca @Lthc Doth 0 SfrLscnebc; LeckEr:ili izD Elini t4 Jpbed[ Kcunedt= Bnngkok, 1964, Maoctatcd Pree0 1964 4 PIen Nev Tortt
'6jrget A-rher M, Emlory: Jolin Tc SRerold Kfnncdy . Saturdoy_Evcnton "a Tregedy and @lallengc_ Dunlocon Yezt: 3 Novenber 196J, 126.
{rc"r}€T i563,
Ppa 32-J2X. "Tragtc In Texoa _ Scntor Scho_ 18 Ioveaber 1965. P;
sibceI "'_ Earundccee, codP' *e Irt2es 4LIona_IlaoXJoho E Kemads: Nev York: "Tragtc end of John F Kenncdy . @5 and Wor!d_RorIre Pi
J3[0fc ?resn 1266. Trevor-Roper , Ilush . "KI Bc8 {cnncay-t?" Koru
45*4i966 cc56o;-,808*, mP. JL-J2.
Lte' a, ~7J H. Dor?~, "Noveaber 196 }, Poychiatric Evaluae Lon . ScLence_DtRees, TroeletFup _ Glcnn . Lighc o the ^oaoalnat Iop : Secrat
Jb 1%65, rg J)-1. Nerld_Rcpert, 8 Jude 1964 _ PP. 38-J9 _
Nsedt " Wss
cT, PJf:J. Io Crr:#ne] SIteed FBI-Asentep, Dallsa Inch Icna Kennedy-Iord, Dec Stefan. Dal Jae : Ic laroet! 01 Ipotcrc _
{ur} 17 (196.),76. Turbull, J.m, cea Irom 15
17eccr6e_NSg}, 9663,7.: 9-10.
~er Jo:i;_ "Rr ~ard "un iIlm . 24_2!, 19 (1966) Pa J, Turcr, H.,
"Sonotd;etuOo_ge parullolor nranoa [cccpher 196), Po
~t ltr of {saaj@Jnec Loi} Thccricn, EEHE ny 1967 , PP. 104-107 . RorQarta_Yraalne 29
"Ocax 2968, PPro3J-36.oa of M.L, ad J:I. Lenoedy."
cicns Trcp^ {kec Bnee,T7 zcerher 1963, Po 19 . Mra . Rconcdyo . M ntjenal Aprij
1967
Xac_ 87 4' Intg5hul; BIlgt7 Yoysnlar, 1967 Ulted Preaa Intemetionaf; Ershue nf_front
~Pe, U536.
[do. DELIStha Eej:'4; Tel Avjv: N. Tvereky_ 1966. 22 t225,1962. Nci{GtkeR {'S3icRCRooE ALLsenevoe-ers Jorccb*
Er @,Srjt 7cy (n Jcnsh (9, WA, 6 necethcr 1963, Pa 4 U,S_ Cod8rcaa . Howe SozWJ Qn the
Loqo n.d.
co Graaey Kooll: pt.ologrnphlc-Analy61o bhov9 J0 Ncu Evidence 26 1967 , QAApegInet Ian of
254032 733t4 Prceccusns_cvsoce_LEttulolos Ee_chg
2 1= G.P , 7965 , recort tq ncccrouco m&%1 [Op} P
11 Dallon 04=-Pc 28 Dcerbcr 126), Pa 26 Senace. Commlt tcc on thc Judiclary- Begclox_evldcnce
Foi;cft VTIj. akr 'elcvaz: Qiat 'Z0, ELurdar J6 Decccbcr 1963, P. 2J. 9f ErceLdcot_Kcnucds: Icrort to
Ite(cJas_E2_tho
Joa "Mar" fros Dafla; cItirc , 12k 24 Yarrh PP' 88+ .
880,38,
accoany IR: Maeh Mneton;
6x3 Tc C-j our Fulutt IL ;_30LIl4 ; 28 Norchcr 196], P, 6. U.5, a8ch rca0 . 4owae_Rcpert_42LJ uuthor!eler_oWuncew
"Tcelcy Flexns KrnSer 7y7 PPa 18-194 4nnt 0 Prc Adent E
DSYFL fer_Cola"'mn Qo 44enr"
mert}oon. 'rQitc PregLtcnt: Wotccd Prcne Intcrnac Lonal {n.d, acCOLIL k,k
Eeouioh Bz { Znaar Ern"IS Iol Czilca m JudLctancc
VIo R j1 "7 CcracnL9 b; atery_behind che xrnncbx MAnnLlnat Loq: Rovm T964 . Dccchcr 0s12+, Mogh _nsto0; Ilouse Dcucuto
Vrshtocton:
3;zn Kaat
7966. Public Lav 202. s , L2L Jolqt_reeolut Lmw
5 th: Zie Af_tho_Eennadi_AeaneAnettm: Haghington: L'Avmc {0 IcRorr WLA 0f2AA1nIt4on of
nutherkelra_Coa_Jaxlon_setoblLrhed
M1* j"0. tcat MOtj' of
355472424527 Jahn Earcsy_to_{orTs #tcndcnce ~d
Grar?e V % n[2 445244*340 2z84t {czid' Tnc outhor (n.d, Fanling
ton G.P.: 196.4.
of Gvl cnce AIoved 1JLacrkar 762
~rd 'GccTy : [A? 3RTl; FiJccf 13z? 7 Febrij; 1967 , Pa 17 Znd Scoolon_ 1954. "czcrLal allIcaa35 Io the
Ta0jon lnterovehc Ecnne 4y-.ctendat . @lzL-zolizet-Dreale, 55 (1964) , PPe 159- tdhuleo Jn 00John FS
Ccnetrce? 0fthc Dnltcd_StatcA_gud
Inston : G.P,o: 1964
Fanocdys Lot : PIca ecuo la Iolood SEC Hesh- Xo.
rson, {heodarc C, "Kecncdy = Leek 10 aubust, PP. 60-50; 26 Ausunt , PP. 37-50; "Unraveling che Myotcry of the an8adeInatlon ot Joho Fa
Zcptrchcr Ppc 62-46 , 51-50;7Z1 Scpterbe? 4652 , 51-69; 19 Qctobcr, PPo 50-52:
nnd Yorid Pecoge 5 October 1964
;s*ezred7: the officlal &07,. 955t
Jet Pte91 (crent Follorlcz Kenncay Ecaeh. Current DLgeot of *eSovtet rtcae, 10 "Untold ScorIce: Afteranth of the abaa0IoatIon
PPa
Lceztcr 1963 , PPa 11 1964 Pr. 50-62 .
VS Nc ad Workd Mcpers, 12 Oetober
S&P Jn } N.ks Dent I0. "Levc)9 0[ KnmuJcdgc In 00 Encrwent Crlofa . Seclal_Fercee Ururwoy , BIbjoceca de[ Padcr legIolatIvo.
Mccv' tr 1965, Pn. 236-217_ QcnnLm_te 0i fellckclente;
Hootevdobz 'fn5 n211L DLL-196J_notlels Alesritte
Sua RSckard [a "nic Agecsa InjtJon of Pren}dent John . Kcnncdy} Thc ApplicocIon o "WSA-Attental-uti,runs Welaocr Knnn
''aTn {0 tbe [ttcererhfe EvIdence _ CELuEcLa_!d_Auline2"4 Hay 1970) "En-Kcnnedly-Attantat : Kord In
Sonnecnuche; _ %ft"i% 69 (i24, 8}-86.
2-60 "USA "raaldantcauchute} Pcnatcr
Nr_fLITEzI 717 cq (1963)
"A:
Ftribucss t0 '~Im { Rcnncd'_ Wetrd; Ac. - cd_ Rclrce"nt *t 'Unc and of Stock {u_ Mr Ecczc 17, no. 69 (196j) 86-87
77 242 tv "rk}
#n
Kn, 196*_ Uehvakov C, "Dallao
Footacc, FLlni 0L, Fal/HIntcr 1967 PP+
67-5;.
c [7J c*4 Prce Fcccml, cda 2 0z Ioho R Kconeti:_ aLntana cn nle Vad Der Karr
Rachard HertyG8O-louza
Gtlela In
Llia 18 March 196*, PP. 27-29 .
"2elz GIo Rjsk: ",J, Piuitat Pr;8e , 1964_ Ecievke!o_trendannE ooTzicR m #LerIcl atucy nf Jh:_octLuleles of
"8, 1' [11 Fed 4 {MRer 00 that rtIgser." tulcb Februar7 1966, PPa &-9 Mooniogtoo, 1935. tha peqntetoLPIzald@ Aag;37070665
0cr Tia Sclution a[ the Prcni7Gnc_ KcmedhLcath_iberaro Nev Venkateoverarao, Forluri; Kconcdlhatvo lica 8o45oo, 020-04 00|
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1960,
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~0 Strrt Bsvivcs Pmde After trc Crsato.' 4 Buatpcea Erck, 30 Novcshcr 196J, PPa 26-J1. (Blaneer, Jacb ("Cenet," Paeud.) "Lctoro frov Parle." #SLWode; eccber 1963,
Drar Dnla. i* 'Ued Jt Irceydcrt" licv York Kcticcd Prcan, 1966. PPa IJXJJAt .
4 rr Tco , Dotfi10 Jp MI(lca. rshcn-r JIL:7tod, 60, Do, 437 (1966) , 09-91+. "Pron {rIcad d foe In Keercn: acode of ehock md dldem ae the &plccble oeatcd
Tto Yn? Scoc ? 4fe, 21 Tctrjn} 1565 , PP, 76-29_ VS Hown Hor)d Reper; 2 Deccrber 196) Po 69 .
ehJrrlcm 0ut look AemC:k 3 Maverher 1963, PPa 61-42 , 109-IO, Frontek, T; An AbetIcm MIcV. Lhkcg, 8 AprIX 1967, PP. J02-J0J.
[abet6, Maro)d. RrU#iyeeht (pzrcsd Ecnndz Ac Luelnetton_Elcturcok: GrecnberB , Bradlcy S and Eduln 0. Tarkcr, ctln . me Kcnncdz 21nna-Inetlon md thgth
Feetlotci, nai: Iha aothor D,d. EwblLci eoc[o caclcatlon Incrall. Stonford Ualvcrofty PIcno 1965.
IeLlztzi%"c:7ize4 Lennadr_sutcpar: PredcrIck, Md. 1969 . Grecdatetn Frcd I, Topular Treagco 67 tlic Preo-dcae. Kncm Jatmal @ Dolt,
E:: c7 R c{ tha Ecdi_Autctek; Frede;ick, Hi. , 1969. 122 no. 5 (1965) , 52}-329 . 34ZZ2
SIst Sctrlce cur5 5' Mjattevflle, Ad. , 1966, Aebc Hana Malouz Q Watredi the voundcd Jmd Lodon ; HArTep , 1966.
cb, D, E70 W, Tumcr. eh: Eadcvn 60 Dali 8), E23"5" .25 Januar 1369 ,_Pp: 61-71. Harrio, T, Gcorrc . Coxpeteot NcrIcnn; EI, NIcve o{ JE: Loobo 17 Moveabar 1966, P1
R,-b "Ictne:h anbanaInallon; Vith cdLtorIu con-@ne' Saturda_Erentax_Roat, 56, 56, 64,
16 Jmmn 1961 PP . 19-25 Hepbum, Jencu = Eerevel) smotce' Bclb-ue; Prontfer Corpmj, 1968. (Noo [o Carm 08
"cE :kwy RoV that Dreadful Dny Io Dallas: Tcecfrony and EvIdcnce PubItehed. Eqvaveek, French Ecxcs) .
Dcesber 1966 PP, Z8-39, AerIca Felta Icvwcck, 16 Harch 1964, Pa JJ:
~sler, TcIth. "mc RIf ic that Kiied Tconedz." 27 aubuae 196s, Pp. 62-65. borroxful bad; world .rcactIone. 29 Movcrber 1962, PPa J6-J9 ,
cr Kcnncdy Dled, Naracb 10 Scpeerber 1966,
%t
Pa "Io Jural Proceaulul de 18 Dallan . RanZoInd Prede Stfalna." Stcte4e, 9 Horch 1966, Pa
~iC che ehotc co?} Trcz.T K~ Bcnehlle, 28 Dceaber P 7 "In chc Natlon 0 Xotetcat comaL9eIon to Invcattg Ehe M8anoInstlon of PrenIdent Jobo
: Nieo larc H . ~Asaen)Iption 1074757; Blov, careful. Us Wea_md_HorLd_RoLorto P Kcnncdy . 4cdc, 21 becenber 196J.
21 Jcniajy 1964 Pb 69. "Kennedy Icgaq thc Pcop le 0 cwk Cnzmcal, 1J Decceber 196), PP. JJ5-J%.
Prr9 dcnt Kcmcd; = Mn EpIlozue Lmk 6 Deccnher 196J, PP. 150-159 _ Loeberr Milian "me LIngcring 'pioc Focelp Oploto md the 40ageLoac Lod," #
"Onc ~folicd fcr Crz, Sob...Any Huen Sound," Look (17 Noverbcr 1964: J Liadet, 27 AprIl 1966 PPo 21-22.
-ALMEe) "LlngerIne doubca 0urve} of public opLalo_ #evncckk, 6 Jawn 1964 , Pa 19.
EIllc7F~FTr?= ETtoal_Bevle; 2 July 1569, Pa 642 . HCGIIL, R.e_ "Spcek Lng ouc : hace bod no direct on: Saurdo EvenLce_PoaL, 16 Decerba
KfJed Kcoaed-1 T6 : CrucJal Evdcnce. mg0i2, October 1966 Ppa 7-21, 196J, PPs B+ ,
EfIled Prcr ? Jcrt Kcrsedy: Sovtet Condolencce. NzLncz, Dcccaber 196J, PPa 5-7, Hord Vom Dallw Hahot dle Helt. BcReRnuiR, Der]tn, 2 (196)) , Do. J, PP. 1-2.
4j0 co 914v: Ecgrez'9, Deceaber 196), P' 40zz. "L 'OccIdente 1a Horte d Kennedy - 90 Rilat datudl J@LIEL Inenutol, Floredee,
Cary Dallaa Gnc TRere. H4k4 GathrHs_RezortEE, January 1967, 10. 3 (1963) Pe J.
PLchard . "xt Hapnened t0 thc Frnacdy PrcB7on. Loqk (17 Novesbcr
'1;6};
J Redojete , MLros Lav . "Xeko Je ancrIka Frledle Vcot ZlocInu U Tckeadu." BolLulta.
75144 ELlO) Ppa 117-116+_ 21 November 1963, Pa 1C010 .
Dexd, t ?I? Bc Xcnz Teara,_ fced licue ekcctHas: Fcbrunrz '1964, PP: 90-91+, "Zasto Jc AmcrIka Cutala?" Polltlke. 2 Dacedbcr 196), Poa 18017 .
Sccre: Fft Acacc c7 the Kerred A;oxsolnetTon. Saturday Evcutag_PoeE, 6 APrIl Ratne _ Rohn R. cor= Eduteriall LSTDrcnt_epLnlons 0 duffcrcot Jcte Joho
1960 FP. 70-7J. Kancdx 4n04491n440.Hovcoter 22 162' DMlen Tcxos: nc author D.d,]
04 7;csan 2. {a8; Dc [3x Kersed"_Med . San Artoalo: The Ivlor Co, 1964. Rejekt , Roynond B . ed, Anatlm GrIeuc: Tie Kenncdy Aaaanetndt Iow InEdLEordIal @tec
{7cT . i'e eat-I1 Fasbe Dal Ias ? 21 cans emher 1966 TP . 2-J. Rut lad, Tuttle 1967,
01 'd ffte? Scv :ear izerIce : "ods In Fezzen} S Current Fuzcs 0} che Sovtec Preee. Sheataley Paul B. ed Naran Bradbur . AsoaseInetIon: Hov the Aecrica FcSlc Fcapoad
9 lanwjc: 1358, P?. 18-19 _ Arct-cen_Psychologt 499g. Los Ange lce Scptechcr 1964 , PP: 1-19 . (pipec)
Hor € Jcd tke #c[ee Gouae _ 326L247a0, 29 Soveeher 1963, PP. 56-58. Sheate Pau} B, md Jacob J. Feldman _ "The J08es8Ioacton of PresLcenr Kennedy:
id XIsccned Jc? #arcrcd_ Redlo-Tv "eces Grcnces[ Challenge Xn Vake of JFK" Zrogedya. Prellolnary Report on Publlc Re act Ion6 md Bchavlor. PytLs_OzlaLen quarteckz:
Erc_Acaet { DccccSer 196)_ PP: J6-6 ! 28 (1954) Pa 2
] Fcurns {7 doubt fcar and hope; # Srevgce, Sa Cecewber 1963, PPa 56-56. "Sovlet Coment FolleIng Kenncdy 0 Dcath , Gurrent Dbcest tha_Savlet
"ks cbe Spoc Scxak_ 15 d:Crber 156) , PPa 27-Z8. 10 [ceeber 196) , PP. r.
ptfh eiph. "Senaory PerceprIon_ Eyevcat 16 January 1967 Pa 6, Iawama T, Reply to HI . Dradcn '0 "Qucattons {cod Jbroad. Snturday Rewtce 21 Jwe 1966,
0 [ Ltghtn= Day Jf Druaa WeZzE, Fall/Wnter 1967 PP, 22-21. "Trekedy In Dallas : Jettere Eo thc edtcor: QulatLon_Cen Ro (196)) iie-1590.
Holfenateln, Martha @d GIIbcrt W. Kliem eds Mlaren 34tha Madhof 0 PrcsAdcQEs
@uLtLdAackeLLnary_atudLes. Ncv Yortk: DoubTedby T66.
B.HorLd OPISTON Av) EFFECTS MIleo, J,J. Hnoni of tha Hattm. Neu York: Hartel 6 Huoc IL, 1964.
Horld Reaowd = Rcactione to the Preo[dent 0 Hurdcr Syepobtun: Nev Tott, by #:
Tobjo, by J. Blevett , Rom 6} D, Caoplon_ Nashington, 6z $; Qutele: Bogoee; &
30 Fefoa GufHemo . mg KcltBefog 8 Icrl' Barcelona, 1964. andrade . KLJueukec _ by Q.Quade . Toulouee , by P Becheau: Loudon, by 4 fol.
{ mhaua J. "Tr e Kcncec? /3gaseIcafIon ; Early thoushto and Enot Ione Publc_OpLeton Aerle, 14 Dcceaber 1963.
@Ik Swacr 1966 FP . 216-22*_ 'torld and Valco. Bulneee_Horkd; 30 Hoveaber 1961, PPa 30-J1.
#,n XI ane Jjcc} Tcldain. Lssuthy_and_Pubkls_GrLeL, @lcabo;
Xia io3a] OrIalon Ccnter, UGivereft; 0 (h:cozo 7964 .
Jcr It . QucecIcno {row obroad. Saqueder_ Bc Ee: 9 1966, C: Warreri_QOHOSSION
17 Robare _ "Rrms La; Ho, mhfa Cannoc be True. Loobo 6 Deceeber 1963, PP. 129-
1J0_
Jrn Gutlt. OrLatkon CentWgz' 81 (1964) , J;-J8. Vorten Inqulo acarto ; latcst 0 cha 40oad0Iqactona Wi Ne O4Werld_KS2O, X
leeefre Gufle Io the 0.5,7 Takc Lnok atthe Vorld: Vth Excerpta fron Addrene by Dccuber 1963, Pf 28-J0 .
Tf-stcn 0 . #orton. W Ncvn mLUcrld_RccAt, 2) Dcrobcr [96), PP. 12-14. a0a daa [nat Lo: The Harren Rcport . Jrawceto 5 Octdbar 1964, PPa 3z-W, 65-52, 51-6
Rcit or {nalv [djl GuLlt = 0 M and Le LLECLort; 16 Dcccmher 196], P' JO. 616b_
{0 7 ,. "Pc?ccion of Fre-acht i uniafa; [o the An; :aInatlon o( Prce [ Jcm[ Kenncdy . 'Autcpay O0 thc Harfcd CoumladIon: Tloe Eceay . 1C, 16 Scptenher 1266, PPa 54-55.
Oue MovavFr 1564 P7 . X()-10: _ "Aetvcen tvo (Iren : Mro . Onwald'& teatIeny t0 Martca CourtooIa." ILz, 1 Icbrean 196
2 6: Ten_ ccr" sw_ dc LILLo ten:_Icrcrraley dc_ "n LEI'cdlare PP' 16-20 .
':Xn Uarr ""Xrtto ds JJc iil ' 1, [co: DltorLal BLcke}, Nlermder, H: "Pallure of the Nortod]_acporc. " On-7oo00, Prtl 1907, @; 7-8
ItI6 ccIpria _ Ic64 "Recxablnjng thc Warred Rcpore ." Raeetllg Tjmig 1967 Pt. 15-20.
*8 Im o[ Durdc: of Gu(!e. @rlot-: rn ccorL, 01 (1364) , 24J: "Braro Mtcla Vodm M: . Oovald beforo Hartea DaoTe eIos coalaolaa: Kcne 47
75, Jdon La {cmcc] Asocno a-cn 00
"itwed by Coa ualat Modlo: Joumallee Tebruar] [964, Pe 17,
Quorerlo . Sartoc 1066 I1160
"6js acc,
nnd
TwcLff !
Cul 3,.04+
eht
61, aanb
74 .
"Hov
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1962, Rnte
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oub
ve. " Sep=
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fne'
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The
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13-00000
(17U, ^ brrcacd Ia_Dal Loa} Cmcerc tri8 Ha HcLeber8 md B.J: ttc Wartch Report . Ic RctbWE, 2 Juac 1966 Epetelo 'a theortes
' Coc Mc ont I Xo 4F 3 1nur] 1966 , i;Be; Pp. 20-25. Jacobaon, Den. "Icmn Stret: Varreo ComaleoLon Report." Ncv_SLaLena, 1S Jadwn
1 'J08 _ R, 4 "ctecriot t0 Warrcr . PP.
PPs 76-77 .
Toren Lp) the]Dodk
KCo Ellicazonoed,Z! /507oz 1967 Pa 99. Joffe, bouie La "Trtal hy Hevepgper . " NoLos Un/ L~Bavc, Kv 1965 , PP . J71-Jn2 . Krnned)a" Spcetator 2) scfeaber
Pp. Jocaten, JoachIm: Da Wahmelt dco_Eenncd-Iora: ec Imd VeNeV:_Haten-Recort
Jocch . Zhe Varten Ccalealc report
ad Ica Crt_ce. Zurc: SctrcIzcr Vcrlapuhaun 7466.
C?. 520. Leetkes: Noveeber 1966, Ie Geaa 10 theWarrco_PeLOct: Nev York; %rol 6 Hundell, 1965.
(he Vactra rcport 0d vcal Johnaon_ Harlon M: Cop , Erelolox Invantoty o the_Racordn of_the PrcaLdent '0
Iflem 0 %arm CC21@' Roidoierdc ljoeu Cnfa #AtLod, 1l July Pp: 4169. 0 the ansnanInAt m of Prcn ddcnt Kannadr: Mabh pctan: Not onal Arch [ves
CC:; 3aGzz
Calloghas C. 49.dp (JeumnL @f the Recorda Scrvlcc, Ccncra] SctIcen Adaln Lo {Eratlon, 1970.
Et, Prd J; Crnlbtloo Iport$ Jodee , Penn, EoszLve_tb_Grketi 8 crltAcal revc cf ehe_WarIca_Conku4l5_ Ioot 0
PP. 705-715 . Ooe metovercd qucbtIons" 1) Junc 1966, enanaa Ioatlo of Joq E Kcnncdz. Md JothL8o Iexi: MdlotF m Tfror , T9
Co- aglo [cpotc } tFstieany of the 24EzG B Grcb . voluw Judlochlan, Terae Mdlothien Mrror, 1967_
M' 131-766 . eycuItacdoeo . " Natkon: 20 Juno 1966_ Kerpton, M: report} cjbe Tor the ProdccutIad. Nav Re:ublle: 10 October
Rrporc and che IrreconcIlablee: mheoriea o Jootah PPa 1X17,
0 K-acher. Nut 26 Icbrubry 1966 . mharooa and Sylvte "Lateo [ CD burdcr of Kennedy : previev of the Warren Report." uS Nan QHord&
( ~~ford , Cwble cc 0 GFiticdl
PP a 277-281 . Jupc 1964, PP. 6264
mnell, 1964.
RcactA2~ t9_tbs_Harrcn_Report: Yorb: Harzmt Luto _ RIchard W, me_Scavcnaco edcrLtAcs_gt_the_Harreo_Reeorti_the_eadleee_parade
"fcrd, K, "Harrca Iepcacher . NCwvasece, 19 Oc tober Nev York: De lacorte Preoe 7967.
35, FoScrt P the Warred Criioaion "
1964 , Pa 60 Lfco, Devld Co5r . Dccumcnt Aldcndum Lo_the_HerIen_RclotE: Lob Mge lea: SIecte
rP, 471-53). 2 Nez York_Mivcm-br_Lr_Revlcy Hay 1965 , Pub )catloo Inc, 1960 .
r:W4, Jo7 ma_VkctLelthr Evt- mhe Lyod, Scaushton. Courznt bj Staubhton Lynd_ LbaratLon Hoxuzlne, 9 no. J0 (1965) =
*rcath Trc;5 , Ig6e.
%Arren_RcpotL_md_Its_Crttlcg:
Nev York: Macbonald, Dutght . "^ CrftIque of the Warred Rcport FnauT E orch 1965 P, 59,
Merc 074 MIe Katthcw), edo MobkLette et 4 CcItiquc of the Warren Report-" In Halker, Cerala, ed, Bca t Meeaatne AI
Ccllcctor CnlatIona 15767. sbe Harrcn Rerers: CovIne, CelLf,. 2266 . Hcv York: Cron 1966 Po 19-5J.
#erhleeht _ of thc HarIs Rolert: Lod Ghozt of LMLLIsz CrLeiate 2fthe Warcen Cornlado Rcrore, Englcvood
T;_ anBsLeo = ^eoctated Profeaslonal Servlc, N,J, Prcnticc Mall , 1965, (punIcatlc Klthdram) md Extn: doubta Guattonlne the verdlct ot
the Hlo, Rchard. me Kenned Aeaan@ InatIm ad the_4artrn Rrpott. Kashtobton: C.P,o.
10 O-eotfr 1966 FP. 8+. Hartcn Ccral8 taa, Iomvedt, Harcua Rayrond. me Butd HuL eearch fer LElEAeQ for Conadtaon_Ezhlblt
I- Lrcr, Nizd: Report : The Dcach 0f oe_Ansc 16e : Bcadc [1 Pub catI0n0 1966.
9365, "P, 1J-42 . Prcs_dcnt.' Llbetettal, Jenuar Magher , Sy lvla. AcceqeorLco aftcc che fact che_Larteo Coc laaLm cha nuthorkukel=
"Editcrial: mhe Vjrrcn Rcport: . Uher the rcPort Ind anapolle : BobboMerriTl, 1967 .
A. "Ncn Tllea MsyeTo Verren Pcport CrTi
4m, Harch 1965 PPa }-5. jubledt ,ntgx o che Hartcn relort md hdaror snd_emLbtte: Iev Tort; Sc
1966. 5 nc? I t Hgrld Ic CxcC rt? fror @[eccdents , Decebber Preob 7966 .
Nar-zn Pcpctt; Jk
Rersu, 19 pccebcr 1966 P. 20 . syer, Karl E, and N_ HacKenzle. "Spot Ight Mn Harren. Loudon, NcY_SEaEcaDar: 2 Occ
'c Etord J Ine the
lcr#er 1962 Pa 26-27_ 1964 , PPa 616-4
VILJng Tra X98€
Coz-Ienla: snd tha eatabLInhinut_gf_tnuth: Hev York; Warted RepOrE the Trluzph of Ca) Iban.' Ncy_LecdcE: 12 Cctober 1966,
3 d H: Centaaio Hrto Hchel _ Arnmd_ Jaea9 Lnat de_John_Kennedz Le Ranpott Qarten 8€ be0 csLeAquez: N.
m1'r = No d ic Iro: Ed.
1957 1bWsc4da_verdade. Tred de_Renate Trlockve ] 7960 ,
10 €{rald o} tta Warten
IF" ", HIl , andrev . "Wno kIIled Kenncd} ? Tne Harren Report Jo M#es Ique Haaeeloe: 5c
Arold 0. JFK In Da}Ica
RcPott " EnJWLte- Deccrber 1966 PP, 204+ , 1967 , PP. J2 , 72, 75-71 .
2) Jocoy 1967 Pa 36 .
Warfen Rcpcr; ond Ite CrIcIca Susurdu_Revtc. Moncasu, Ivor, "The Harren Repott_ Labour_ Monthke. Novenber 1966, PP, 669-S0).
PuslJehcr' J9uC Narrco Pmc) '6 rerc:
mok, Richard #: "mhe Warrcn Coralae[U and the Legal Proceas , Cae Coztenc
j.P Na ct'.cra 0ce
N LubLLhere #ectll,_$ Octoscr 1966 _ Pp. 61-66. Hr-Jue 1967 _ PP = 1120.
N:rrcr 1966,
55-5;7 E:'Tcn Cocalenlon Report , Setudsy Huhlen, Norbert . "Hord kgendc . Dle KreIker deo Werren-Reporto." Frantturt 0 DP , To 3 Catmc_ Irce Ends . Greutcr Monet, 17 (1965) 14-28.
rn: Vartor ComIaeJcn: Thc
Etundelchly _Kegeelne: Jenwry 1961_
"#yeter makcre ; J. Sparrou 8 evaluntLon of the Warren Conloslo rcport md Lto CrI{[
6; (ace A.OC%; , 19667)u2h ond Arlau Snecter." Sceeted_PbLLytelehta Iln, 22 beccnber 1967 , Pa 21.
To { crd Jchn R. Stfled . Naah Gcore? and Patrcla. Other uIcnccmco." Ta liqu 12 October 1966,
1965 . erEuta ef_Jn Jneeko: Ncu Yort: S[oon and Schuocer_ Nos Yert Ie KIcocqac? Dc_Wall-ehte 0_HcIE belori_theu-ric CczloaL
Pr' Paul La Tc Warten Cotntartm mid :he che Naja9Jnatlon 6[ Pree dent Rcnnedz. Nev York : batjd Booka _ 7966.
Tcrrn) Ic_Tct FIndck: Pourth Shot: A Rc flectIon m the Fundeeentaka "NcyYork Ilmza Rime 68 Parcb of Feporc . Edtter 6 RubLehd: J October 1966 Pa 61_
ca" + Qar " €1. 4-
E643"4321343352 Lo Jcvtc, 1965_ "MIehtenre reve Ited; rccnactecnt fcr Harrcn CoLU 88 Ion _ #czueek' 8 une 1366, Pa cle ~JonJ; Cofia FMETTGl:IE; Dd: 23 xnd Wlaq Qiq @ rhc RcRery: 0'Brfen Conor Crulee. by A9oaa0 [nat Ion?' Winordty 0f Dece mcr 1967 , PP, GJ+' P, Narren 0110,
S5
17 Scpterber Oterbur, Janco 4, Harten CouaLes[on: Repott asd Acaring- Joumal_of se
Go: :-1l, K, rd Al, roomart , "Harren Cces,igeia: 1966 , PP- 16-17. July 1966 PP, 261-271.
Epafeln rid 8. Lanc_ :1e crItIca md che lo; theorles 0f E.J. Onveld, Prank . @m Stole pa Hartco7" Verdcn 21+-219,
Gr: P1T . A.L:
##re &"G.3Tt%o, 5 Froceder PP. 66-68. Packer , Hcrbcrt L, "The HartcoRcpoct $ Meadure 06
6c8,e61e::
Huses Kovcbe
Lmv Ksy J96s '8n49523,. Procedural Standpotot, Na Kedk_UnlvenLst FP . 295-299 . PPo T1 Kctcticd 0{ thc Kcnnedy AnmaloatIc Podorete, Noreja . ~Tle Wartcn Coralaalon. m RdItorlal. Co=Lan, Jeown 1964
'mid 1967 , 216
nnd thc Enc}Aeh Prese_ Lu Quarter-x 26. 7{e 7?' J, mn (b= ~Imtc:_ Atlrulet Auzust 1466 Popkln, RIchard I. "Ihc Secmd Omvald; Me Caac (or tha Conaptrocy Tchoq. K#
5q Caca'#ta Adrrs; P" Mef
FP. 117-118,
Revtoy of Pocka 28 July 1966 PPa I-JZ,
Pn" +. e ")
waeicc r Harrcn 0n the Man9aInaclo of che "PorocIlo Harecoove Komlolfe. LWlmsk dcrll, Occober 1964 , PR= 260-275.
mat th "rn Iharl
Hig Decc~'cr 196] J2 "Rcact Lc Eo Warren CorplasIm Reporl _ 50EE,Z"m1lg, 1 October 1554, Pe I7.
PP' }_ 9 ana YorId EcLcI, 4 Scplerber]1964, "RccodecndatIon 44 H Jonuj5y 19e5, Pa T65;
"i,5{7n Cordilm a6-Bullet
Exploded: "rcpore I08 thc Rcporc . Nvzrack 12 Octobcr 1964_ PPs 100-101,
Ppa 100-JJS. ArkcSI_Mpaeelne: July 1967 , MfkJa, RcpJy to H; Kctpton. "Harren {Cpore: cade for cho ptodecucIod." Ns &c
m"d die Kartcd Mnott 020' Be Ocpakov 1966 2q
Omac
Mr .
vamlyl
1966 , iber
+6'
TIrE Co te} 1966 ,
'iercd
Hauloe'
'varttn NL
'Varred
45:
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"6hnJ 5.,
5c
"Tlie Larred
#the
1:e
7ontLl 76 .
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W ; rlcs
Rcve' md
Dr
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"Thc Leadet'
Ilmee'
Mc Hay
Hrrten_ "Vc[o 0ue- Coa The "The Rec Coz
85mn5em
1966 , 1966 , "T.(
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P#C
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and Solcm dutyi crrwlnaIcm JJ nccrtcr 196}
"28Cz1cvcattrate Ihe nanboIpotlon of J. Eenpedy. '
Wadrlo. Vlnrcat
J, "Tic Vartcn Rcport/ ^ ThJ Iadr Jphte
Ilezo
"Warren ComtesLon Report ! Verdlct, Han NJonc, #orld Uarh_tnatlm, October 1964
Bac| md Heck Nouadn. Wcsat
Lazze; Anelyzes ehe Prcelent" PD. 9-10, rhormn FJrh. "Ict ir Hatto- (aht
%r"&rch Pp: 6-J2 . "Warren CommIeelon: Tcat md evIdcnce ." Ie; Dcccaber 1964, FPa 25-27,
'Yarte,
I? 20 , no, ! (1963) _ 15-26.
Tod Praa dcne' €anncaha Glauburdse"
"Harren 6 InGdlnca } 0onk ncv (acco, Wi_ Ncva Morld_RcLert, July 1966, Pa 469 Jny - A Ikttiftcr '0 thc Rcrore % tha Harrcn "Harrcn Rcport: manure of chc Achlercacut ; Mith Gdntorlal comm€+ Mat 4d;z7?us #Frer PP.310-.J79 .
Coneleelon:" Jowmolol Novcmber 290-295, rra:0. Lvycr 0 Notce On chc Harrcn Coroloaton "Harren report} comucn€ Coruoyca' 9 Octoher 1964, P: 59 .
6'_
560, #ERreozi Jmunry 1963 , PP. J9-6J. Rcpore> , ] Aerdm Warrcn Rcport : Ilov t0 Ilurdcr the HedIcal Evldcncc." Currat #cdetna_So Attomeri:
L 'Gtcal [VIbn: CBS NcvB][nqulry; Movemher 1965, PPa 1-28. 27"47
Pa 46. thc Harren Rcport. = Seturdu "Thc Harrcn Repotc ; Lettcr9 (rom Pe aders . Somrcntary_Itauln: Aprtl 1967 , PPo 1-12.
7, Mvld, Yarrem Rcportt Letcera Eroo Rc Rcport Collerc Teacher Saye _ Laa_AnLci 17 Hovcober 1967 , P. 18.
PPa12 , 16, 16_ adere . " Eortntezus AprLL 1967 "Wartcn 0 Sccret . Nat Jondl Revle, Aprtl 4964, PP' 265-266, th, Rx "ntking
thc unthInkablet tha Harrec "NashInston Neve : Kenncdy Shoc Tulce In the Back. JNYA: January 1964, Po 15. 10 Octsber
Pa 55 , Conel60: booko. " EubLlohere_teeklzo Weavet _ John D, Harren: me Mn Tc Court meEara. Doaton ; Llctle brove (a,43
TTTT Jshn #.A. Ntcr_tks 492wLnt:Joq: PeaLtLve Natabers, Harold. mhe Relort Qnthe Uarrcn Kcport ; oT me51x Hise_kn LIndweted. 1965 ncy Ycrk: Oncwtk Prcaa 1963. DpRreloaLlot_the_letren_{Eport: stcwanh che repott 0 che Karrm Rclort , Hyactocom, Hd, 1965. >tpo0iua 0, {6e_"arren Corny 881on 'Rcport.
Hc Jork Weae, John R; Denth of the Prea dcnt, Ie Warren Connledlo o Jtl. Cevbnt, Callfomli
':~k 0f
Pp. 606-526. UnLvareLtz Lm Ecvker, May 1965 , Colleccoro Pub 1967 .
Tt]of
che Cor.jsJon. 21 MIte, scephcn. Should Ye EALleve_the_Warren_Recort?" Nov York: Meullm, 1960.
of Hatt Coralooicn p' B1 ,
1966 , PPo 2112-2360. Reports EORrcwLcuL_Qunrecrky 2 October Gcors? € Decuz_ bcr Trucb: 4IuLuLal Da LEE HaRvey_Oswnld PEescwt 3470 V JI9q2 Joob at the HarcooRzpcrt : DIL Hor rRincctins 6; 1566_ 27m4mnzal' GIcndale Tallomia; G.c; Thocaou ~06 0Isn- A#46tn; Nhocosraphuo
end AmalrIc, J. Rcvlev 0f L'alteLIc_Qavall, by Leo Sauvage. Alee Otober 1965, PPa_269-250
I a
42l" 14 Novc-bcr 1965,
P' S00 _
tutned Ovet Eo che NecIonal Archf vce _ Mabacher _ HeInz and Roucna R, Davfd and Kathlecn Shfverlck. Harvey Obvald: Mn E, Mth~ "Thc 636259Int !on , chc Warren AdlerIm Incerpretaclo PexchalmalytIs Rcvlev 5J, Do+ J (1966) _ 55-60. Ivsl IY8, Nubr 1967 , PP, 6-16.
CorpLsaion end the pubLIc Inrercst. J "A9s259 Inat Lon_ 49 the plot un folda: cjac @Fatost Onuald: Hov the PrcoIdcnt vas]ghoe _ Tr-fzer, Wush {lcvcnly Garrcn Report." U Ncvs and HorLdRccort, 9 Deccrher 1961, PPo 60-71,
je} tv '52 1InatImn= 5a8 tXc Harrcn
Fcbruary 1965,
PP. 1L5-118. "Actorncy for Oswald, IE, 6 March 1966 P , 47_ ttroy? "ch Interlev of A. Spectcr; rerart "rIetco Iq haat9 €a prove Bachaaa _ Ida. "Hvee #yrdcde PraeaLdent Kenne dy Ec De [eneorat (or Osvald Indleveret_ 266, pD. 42-50 . '1S lietm Qd_Hetkd_Ecpore, 10 October Frft Danmark, 22 no, 10 (196166) 1-J. Prrntkrt Tosiloslon on thc kaenaeInetton Don [ You Knov 1 0 On Camera?" Mety Pepublic, 29 February 1966, Pa 1 9t th? Coz4aa Ezrer 0 Ec
c{ Pres _dent Kennedy . Croelee_Ccupendlya Qhapean G1 ad Ann , 4as Dewald_ALone San DIcco: Pub LLshers Export Corpmy, 1967 .
Topoiar 13fan. 7564 LeoaoLmatfm 0 P Kanncdz Nev Yock: Cooke Allstalt. "Oguald had chopathlc Pc reonaley: no evIdence of conapIcec) , Heu3 26 vole _ NeshIngton; G.o.P. 1964_ Iancheater CuardLal, 27 Novcmber 196), Pa 11.
A2784o 434004144m_ 28 Pie_Ldcnt "Coumael f07 Oovald_ 5S Ncva mdYerLd_Recert = 9 Harch. 1966, Pa 16.
5h? ic4 (67 2 n; 910 2a0
JohnFc Kcnnedu HcarLoc? Ducowy Amrar nd Lcon Frlcdsan _ MThe Trlal of Lce Harvcy Odwald (^ Play) ." Plub4ll
D. 1 4on 0 ICUcn Tonnd; GashIortoo , #annskne no, 11, 12 _
Dc Jc!-1 Uuttan_IcLCIL_ 0J 4h4n2uboatlm Feldean, Marold. and che FBI, @c_Vatlon 27 January 1964 _ PP. P6-89 .
; 40. Gardcr; CICY R Sf drcE F Eeqnedz; Grehaw, J,, Acqulttal nawald; Coceming the povle Ruah to Judgcnt
24j hc Z36 C mlsrq 1964 . Comtucal, 21 Aprtl 1967 , Ppa 169-151. Miih adde : crtia prepared
8 Ze Sc4oge4445 21 0f Eretdeut_Kenncdy: Grove , L, "DId preqe prcegure kILI OavpId?" W6 Naur and_Wotld_Reeort, 6 AprLk 1964,
Ncv York; "301r-H:Il, 1966 , York T exclusivcly To7 hTo cdltion. PPa 18-79 _
E: 92 Ee:tnt Ccroecn thr
Haet Lnge xIchael. Lelcvex Oagalda AFar_Streek0f_Indcpendcnce_Erongbr 00 bL_Nealecg
Kaah 3: O,P;
1964" AeeaaeltutLo ot_PreeLdent_Joln Baltlmore : PenRu1n Booke _ 1966
Rczcrt: Eecort 28 qhe fozlu_ 4m Wy brother: excerpta for (R.L. Qaweld and ochers) _ Loob, 17 Occober 1967,
York: AseocIated prcaa _ Pr, 62-66+.
# 3z Ekgrdertelted
tka Hevee 'Henry mheatre : SensIng HIstor Saturdal Ravle , 1 1968, Pe 60.
JI "r vri: c';I~U-HII)
IgGf?_Coseltlm_bcattoss_bx Holoeb John Clcllon. Thc Sflence 0 Oguald. Pboz; Novenbcr 1965 PPa 101-102
T' 'Ronant?_ QIG At IS69_ 222 226 .
7rLert 4d "a=
Amx dco FranLdenten_Juha F #cnnedy: 1{ (uald had Hvcd , could Icpartial Jury Ilave Bcen Found E0 Try HIe. Dreadceettns
~'e} L cek a]} co rcad: "%' Aoln: Kcpcnheuc? 7967. 6 January_i964 , PP. 52-5J.
Pefcre 10 Bo[ caourh
VOcG Report , ' LLfe 46 October 1966, 'P; J5. Jackaon _ Donald. Evolut Ion of M Aes ns9[n. LLE 21 Febnary 1966, PPa 684-80.
7,
ANI {cr tnsevticucIasi." LLfe,
spcekIng 10 cont radIctfoo ol {Cpote ; Joesten , loachIm: "Laznf Oavald, Cs 21 '7980) , 5297-3938,
Co-nleato_ jat "27 Scyne: 1965coer Z Po 30. #rlna bzuald: London : Davnt'
40hode%#:
~at
Sou ImtLL; 29 rebruar 1966 Po 445, Mxald: Anaja6t or_FelL Gwx? Ncw York: Marem[ md Hundel] Ine. 1964.
(--{5ion ond the death of JmK. Eato
Schol _ (Iualdi Th6 lrutba London : Damay , 1961.
16-:7 @"tte, 18 Novenber
PP' Johnaon , PrIscllla. Oawa]d In Hogcm. Hnnpcr '@. AprI 1966, PP. 46-30.
0a Con:IsaIc" Rcpore . ILE, ? October Kcmpton '. 'Oavald, Kc Ilavc Somt Focej Plcnoc _ Rccublls 1J Jume 1968, PP: 1J
~IIrn jrrm'no Pefz?e 67 3 rle of thc Fp' 65-50 .
Lonc Hnrk: "Otuald [nocent A Lajcr R BrIc€ . NtLw Gnnlm Ncclll: 19 5ceener
Inkn '6_ In Groja cereIc ,
edpregt In Ahe aa0790 Inaticn of Pree !dlcnc "Lcc (Igvald'$ Wldm cello Hcr stor; Pucwary of [cnt [oon; Fy Marlnn Ozwil ld_ WS_k m
v: {rrx: "lce Pehk, 1956 . 1poog4tWuy &
thic liev lculdPcDOrt, 17 Fesruarr 1966, p, 19 . ctusJor: rrsrr: PareE{In tcat 'zeliable; 1 Manna, Rorer snd Gcne RInegold. Anafalo_ mc Lelan30valdBLcE_ ILL: HoLyvood "~el:tte:, 10 Qetorer 1964
P. 227.
KIIln8 OCtLI Dste5 . Sctezce Agboclatcd Profcsa Lonal Scrvlcco _ J966.
McBtrle , Dr . #.S. ehat Dchlnd Le_larex Qavald? Thc euthor (0.d3
MacDboald , , DAghg: Oavald Patcrity Canc_ Nc Recyblas: 22.[cbrun.1966.
"voa
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Icc' 1965,
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lm'
1966 , 1964, ~Aej'
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1961,
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VrrIcn Ki5Len, Janwary Sutrny 1966 ,
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20
au Ycleht of evIdcnce ." ~ovld rubllcettcn Strc "
"5
9n0 Bcccmher 196), PP. 36+. con, HurI"} - Dca'€ Tou Knov I' o0 Caeare?" NcyEecubllea 19 rebruny_1964 Oalc KIMlinc DLecuaacd. Satcncc Nm %4 Dubllehct: July Pa J6. DLopoacblo Jack Rutbj IJ Joiurry JS. "63d7C? RFtva decpcr Ond Tceper. Wi
iich Dond %r Pa355. "Rubj Oovald, and the State."
5722443 T1568;
PPa s06-301 . FaRC Sfonlesnlngg the Narrn Cunles1or Ncv
2nd YorydRccogt, % Harch Pa 65. Levlo, Rchard Warren, ^ Floehy Larer for Osvoia 0 MILsr," {utudOLItlu Iab
Onvald Cnde Shculd bc {copnedti= 25 Dcceber 1965 ,
Ppa
196-i0,
0 Pebruar 1964, PP. 28-30.
Tlot 469_470- DLeecut 1J, no. (1966) _ Lnn, Edvard: KpoInticat In Dallo } mhe Untold Stor 0 Jad Rebja stuosLLal PoJc; t,f253d#: Onld;
Lonal_Ervle, 1 API! Pasto 25 Pp. 26-26, 20, 2 %-37, 60_ 48-49 _
Rsyrold H, 98,5fo5ad Ncv Yer:: P, 265. Pope, Stefen. "Dallae 'Pazttt'1 BLne Pe Ruby L42nreh i90 PPa J0-JL;
Rlvace,
Guth. Zsvaia Mivafc_ Soconuart arclo 1966 "Dalles: Proccsul]Ruby Lu4, 27 Februazy 1964, PP. 6-9. Lo. Oouald. "Jcentt 1967 , Pp. 122-127 , "PublIc Reletlono PIr Scte Preee Rulco (or Ruby 0 Irlal, Edlter d Exbltehed
L M"te Ovald: "rgely; 25 Augunt' 1965, PP; 696-695. 20 Deccnber 196J, Pa 9 26s , R~rrcje QW RALpori rarte: Lee edItlone de "Radlo-TV Barred [roe Ruby Trial_ BroadcantLng, 2) Bcccaher 56. {54 Kennadze_Kordcr DLe_Alire_Cexald_ Rad1o-TV Nevencn TcotI{y In Ruby Trlat; Tenicetlos; 16 March
X6 i95;,
Po Oneld ^f Cc_ 2tz,
Tarcr {9d "e; Hinchen: 1967 . Revere "Jack HafIo'0 Ilan 7n 701175 5884, Hareh 1967, PPa 26-J1, &
me Ild_Afatrt an
PR. 55-56 . 90_
#IIn Tanz 974700447458446
ndontneLona_ef_the "Ruby &d the Knk of Torte." ILea_LLtetao_Supelcoat_ 17 Harch P 221. Thc Secod 67n d; %ilx
Fev Loose End _ RGpoE Cor2 } 1966 . Dcath VerdIcc; TV Spectacular, Edtcor and Pab) Lber: 21 March 1964, Pa MI,
Omvald: M Exchange of ter6 ," S, 2 Jnnuary 1964 PP, 26-26 . "Screcn Teet. #cyewcek, 10.February 19667 Pa 48,
PP 28-J6 . NiYt Tousy%L October 1966 _ Ster_ R. Le Procca_Ruby-Dallu: Kapc Llen, Beleita: Bckero, 1967. 3 Paul, X #Yal %974l9and_the_AmrLcg2 _Dre "tnatc '8 Yovr
bource7" ; Ptcaature pub I(caton by Jourwal-Anerlcm of Ruby ' Test[eouy
La (svald 6 6;TTC; Ilov Sclencc Na:lcd
#cv York: Paccant Prebe 1967 . before Warrea. NGvoreck JI Auxwae 1966 Ppa 66-69 . AprI] 1965 FP _ 68-71. Keanedy
9 KIIler . PepuLar VAlls , Gary @d Ov1d Denarto DLopoeaL 0t Jack Ruby - 0 June 2967. ECs,- Jot? I,^. #etcrfes Nbojt Cavald. N1lb_ end Ovtd DenarLe, JckRuby: Nev York: Ncv pocrco
4'5e E
1960. JTha: st= Xottr40 Wilee London : (hacto
4tut.
6
#induarchs PPa 178-174. Northioston, Peter. LIzelTohe; My Jack Ruby Fnt Irlal Couldo " 6 Hoppea Bero."
stfrfe Gcrld rbofe Gofiz O7 ucrite Omuald_ McCall"
1966 . Haclean 10 Apr11 1966, PP' J4: o: Lce Ogvald: #re LIght 0n che 498
'2,0 Occober
PP . 112-14J. "Xou NlX Knov [box 1'0 Juck Rubj-" Eequute, In 1967 , PPa)79-81 , 15}-166.
m0hfl}
EEczu, 16 Mcerber
rPa 60-62_ Raninatzon,. WS Nevs and Norld
Jo 4 keHarvcy Culdxeuldbye E3Ee 1563 @CqulELed LAr_the_uurdas_eL_John Pa]~QUESTIOH OF CONSPIRACY Jmlv, Krr; 8i
Olcaro: Yct Claet in7rea Xcslcn *o 3 House, 1965 .
nc Karrra C~v-[esloa [+44Ls; 29 Februjv 1966
Pp. 6-5,
1} Coval4 Caac #Galnse Oxwald_ Nr _Leedc , 22 nuabcr can] play queet Ion o[ shether the @ue00 oacIoo war the vork 0[ O6 Dan. Qutlcy: Judtclal 5- UP of tle
Neverber. 1965, PP. 16-21. 72.ee; Novcrber 1966, PPa J7+J8.
cek In PP: 399-403. Report _ #sv Stseeon = 12 Harch Berendt, John . ve Poud Another Aanassin, Jet chee Nara]_Meveo @d Product cej
I ,
Jesthc 6 15RUcTItr Sriaid'6 Testtrony _
Ncavcek, Evfdencc , Eaqure, Aubuat 1967 Pp' 80-82 .
0uj0 . "15in? Cavald Portsr; Seven Aitec#Ba}] Dccewbegd1964 PP. 28- J+, Beeoon Maldcaar_ "D4e Schusee von Dallen. Her etne Herchvbrrimg &o Hestes 0 srk?' 014Rils)-ia.,22-2,02555: les. ' Redook , August 1970_ De_ZcLs, 19 , Q0. J] (1960) , 6, #060 Hanuel. 8Q4m dtoe {ut 3
Bucham Thoman G so#LLled Kanned} Nev York: Pucnta'0 1966. ColusIma, 1962. Ozveld} Bogota: EaItorlal Revtetal Carloo, Nevtoo. Concearaaeg: RJo de Jmefro: J Nvaro 1966,
Cucler, Robert 0_ #oe4 of_CEj99 Evldence 9L_CmapraSl: Beverly, Masua ! oal-
E, JAC Rlby Prdt_ 1969 _
No_ElehLeathai Evtdence_gf_ConeLtas' Damverd_ Haee , $ IUrror Predo , 1971
^10175 = Devto,_ Hord , Jr. pQQRA C L"LS, Holie R.M; mhe euthor. (Do dJ
crd .
S,45510n:_ "centity [or Hist?r_ 1J January Epotein, Edvard J. Coutcolot. Rcv York: VIkInr Pteee 1969_ Zrdvelvio %;;_ 'Vcrdlc: 7 Jaci: LGL,
{ Karchn498}, 1967,_ PP= 16-17_ Fatrlle , H. "No conplracy but pcrhepe [Ho a0e &08 [ne 2" Ncv Yort Iyoz4 Hexuulnds 1J H, ed %,c Carroll. Dal Junt] mc_Redl PP, J2-Je_ 368, 704-71, 76. Septcebcr 1966 PP. 52-S5+,
5
Iidkic Xi, % Ycrt; Pavfd 7964
fe oL_Jack_Auby_nad_HtC Coldber8 , Arthur. CoaL-IA3L Iote Ietat Imw of tbeAc!uloatkon_e_ Prcoldcot Kcpnedz 19 Publlc Reldzions Fale Io Rub: Casv. Edttor Iocemac1o: and 00rntLc' Un(vero_ty 6[ CMlforia Securit) Studles Projeci "4n, Fcbrj %67 p. 58, and Publ}= 2 Paper lurcr 16. Loo MRcLco ; tnIverelcy of Cellfomla, 1960. Jon V, Jack Ruby KI] the KcrR Han2" Goddet, Pr and R. 'omeauL cnc qwer_Kannctr: Parlo: Preaaes de 1a Clte, 1967.
2Y
{;,? 56104; Argoar, September 1967 Hartobs _ Renatus 0nd Prccozn 1e AE4elnc: Hcv York: Crove [L, 1965.
#Ii9a
sufordSurdg 9 October 1966 _
P. 8, Heraann Kal . war Kemedye Hirasr?" DLALL, 49 , do. 15 (1966) , 1
81, Feun[c.
RiTed Jack Peal #naezsnc_ Apr] 1967_ RIchard J and Qarled M, Bonjcan. DiTTuto: Teot 0[ the Regulur1o
FP. 19-25,
Lwt tadega 0 Jack Puby- @e %ct Recttlic; 11 PPa 40-62. HypocheaIo _ JeumaLlan Quertarkl, 41, pOo J (1964) _ 1
~q wcrJ Jcak :OSEIe
Karp, Iruln. "Dcbate over Dalla: McorIco ot John Sporrov td Sj1v1u Ieacber:
1966 , Bony 0f Jack Ruby t0 Ehc Warren CorlgaLon.' Saturday Rev]e March Pp. H1XIl4.
Elmt. 74 L0 . I7e, 28 Aurubt
Lauzon , As TowwaTd
~i
tus
"Fenneo5i:
Hcka ' 4 Harch 1966, PPa_ 1-2. "7968."~s 0f Hadnqrj: Pecgls_VEaJecl Olcaro ad Yev
"^ Matter af Rcaaonab le Douht . Rovu Moroznng,) 20 J4nuAN] 1967 , PPa[16-26.
clct
York; Follett, than one Do, Adc bcccher 196), Pa 722. an$ Wavnc B . Geptct r0. TrJal 'state Ganes "#ythankcro; eyaterloun deatha 0r peopla Jotolvod In ceeo 12, 4l Novaeber 1966 , Triel . 7 L"qwl 16 A PostaerIpt Oti thc PP: J} J4. ~1,_ [mest_ To. WIII no, (Spring-Sunae 1967) 285_ Jor,
rsbni 'Y
Tct Ehc (host-
0_ Long mad
Uaht 0n Serimd Aannns In Tllcory. WS_ Ncun mdHcrJd 19 Mv 1967, Pa J6.
Jancht = JJ. Pa. 3- J. Scott." LLe, "Hev OcJeana md the Cuh nn ; Who %eg ready to Givald; W Te 20 Tebrusg
'7 n. Z2 Tt": A hs AL_4iRub 1967 , Pa 12 , rara: ratc7 En ierJin, 7967
Lortti_Sur IaCas de_ Jack "PhatataRorLa; vho ardcred Kennedy1" IlE, 25 Norecrher 1968 , 3-JS. tt9 bio; prcaiturc drlosuros_ "Iect' 1 1964 , 50. "PolLeej Ub1L KcnedI Vcscuoll Saralevki 4las 26 @certer
#6s,
PP . 296-Jod. John sod Joo R, Walte. Mc Trlwl 4_Jack
Po Rce, Johd MAt_Wm Mack @ Ecnne*'6 ~Hurfreesboro, Teod:, Svord o6 che Zbxc Ne Yorkt Mchllea, 196s. Lord FasT ohcro . 7960,
"yald the
DIaey Kerp "no} Furor. 1964, "The LGE: "{963,
[3ccco erley . "Ihc
July 1966, Nct" 1964 ,
Dooks , "Thc
"Afera
Harrco' MLnulc,
16,
Holdeo, falra Cu} = Ruby : mhe
1966,
Jnf; "Ruby
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Beokt,
"Le 40'
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ts' 1965,
196} ,
begn_ *
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Sw 3
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Ruby
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Igher,
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February 1967,
"Quhx'
"mote
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Jaceso [ HarIczd, or dcoIeo?" Honchoc 9l Frurd4ee, 20 2} Jmncd, Jontah. Cros,Flre that Riiied @F widant Septemher 1966, Pa 10.
Sccrelo In SntucIm Rcnnedy} Excc rPte' {ror 844
7 Tr~TI ~hia Iarvzy
EYckpi_Zc E, ? Dcccrlcr 1967
PP. 27-J1; than 0 Had_In the Dock. ILE, 16 Februery 1969 , PP. 26-29 .
Z, 60, no. 3
'(1565}, 866*367^ cIthout Ilelp?" Mrv_Kerd_iutvanus_La 'Mev Orleme Plot. Scnkos_Scholitif, 16 AprIl 1967, PP: 18-19_
06 Xrdlct : (Me ron Jac Scler
Norden, Erle. Jle Gurrioon: candid convcroa[Jon uIth tha Eebattled DlatrLet Ateorqc;
Davtd * Ilat f0
3ik4z 7 Occober PP. 9-10 . ot Nex Orleana _ Octoher 1967, PPa 59+.
"Ls Harold. Oniccpo: Novel Boobo 1965. "Odd Conpany. 10 srch Pa 24,
PP. 02-50
H5,052296,urled Prcof of ConsPIrogy:" 5084, AprIL Phelen, Jadco_ Old Mev Orlcano : The VIce Han Corech ." Sntuodg_Eveotoa Eeas, Je"
974lsA? Wav Mizi
0r7e %{_Cmeplyas]
PP. 61-71.
RocFn" 1557 "th_the CLA: York: Cadjoa Povledge, F. Gerrloon FokIox?" New_PcubLlc, 17 June 1967 , PPa 1}-JB,
W Rarld md David LIfton: Roberta , 6 "The Casc 0 Jln Garrieon and Lce Osvald, Ncy_York_TlnelIseulngo 21
Ploc vm {eared when Krnned) Ceea Thtec MdoenoInd," Jaouarz 1967, DPa/71-100. 1967 , PPs J2-J5,
Pa 1, ce Shot . 4.S_Ncm 4dHorld Beperg, Rosere_ W, "PcraecutIon of Clay Sha. Leok 26 Aubuse 1969 , PPa 3)-56+.
"Round One Neteweek J February 1969 P,
7;
"ShuttIng Up BIR Hoith . Zloeh 25 Auruet 1967 PPa 48-51.
"SIdeohova In Nev OrJcan? 31 January Pa 60.
C, JIM GARRISON "SIftIng Fact Pron Fontaoj: Wac of Truth Drugo Jn Jie Garriso' InvedElgarloa.' 34neo
31 March 1967 Pa 41.
N] tha 'Genc'," Warte 10 March
"Sletght of Ilad: JIm GorrLoon" 0 Maase Lna{Ion Invcot betIon Estcnds t0 FBI md CI^:
'3: 0f 3ic ~G5r 0
1969 , PDa 36+ . Nedt' 22 My 1967 P' 60.
0lr 24"
Cazo Into thuc Iasnna 4naucn %4Jehn_Ly_Keptedy:
che
"SellInx throuch . Navckaek: 27 Jeury 1969_ Ppa 27-28.
"mi, 4. $ Sonio G tIn; Rcacarch Tui Tcutiamo 1968. Setth, MerrIman . 06 'JIS Gorrioon md IIto Sourcca of Evdencea Machdarcr J0 M
FT + M-12.
Mnythtng @ Cmaon?" 4ngrdbL o October 1967 , 1967 Po
'8 snMTInacIo); Fourbo Strect "Taled 0f Garriaon. me Econoulcs: 25 Horch 1967 , P. 1165.
J20$ Lnat Loo: Wst05 Or
"IeaHine Rococes'- 3 Morch 1969 P. 26. ^ Tabte [or Comop1raq7 lexczucl;, 20 March 1967 Po 76 .
J71. {i8oleadlanekt.on 5 1J Harch Pp- 66+. "Thickenlng the Plot: Judcce oupport JIe GarrLoon Plot Mheory. Nevowect 37 Horeh 190
1967 , Pd. 6-9, Ioz Ind Why It Nau rlemng, Aprt! P 37 .
'cavorth n. carriao '0 Tumer, WIILIo5 W, "GerrInon ConlbdIon o]the MoaaeLnatLon of] PreeLdcot Kcnded. ,
1967 , Fp. 35+.
InccatIcacion 0f
0 Ploc t0 kIJI JE. @cvevcek, 1S Hoy Rarparta, January 1968, P. 6J,
Mlccn E, For the Seeotu #ancek July 1967 , Pa 02 ,
nlvel Jn ncv
ocierS 5a" Hcv Yort: Clarkoon N. Potter; 1969 . nmat ConnpIragy? TcetTGy of
'Ferty Ruano # Wcavaei' 26 Februr 1969 Pa JJ.
Csje {Or Gerrlirr .
NI 3or7kc" Sn;ectsetia;" Nemxcat' 6 Harch 1967 , 3. Carriood Proved Ne_Rcrble, 1S Karch 1969 Pa
Ircc of {rrg= cf Set, 1 Septcaber 1567 PPa 19-29 . Po Young, Roger. , "mha Inveat_&atJon; Mhere It Scanda Tody Orkecne, July 1967 , PP,
~0 Lok Crerson 0 no (
ZR ] MeIn 1s67 FJo J6-JI .
7, J Nd B.c. @rL9e . "l3v chicf Invzocigo:or quIco, 1967 , 17.
BLe J(a xz
{9xaeci",965c/>oi fsporteE, 6 APIIL 1967 , PP.
3;-z};
A, WILLINA MNOLSTER
"nurg Wle EA; phyeial_ Pa 10s.
1269 P. 21_ 09 cxarIne phocographa md I-royo.' Ncuzeet, 27 Jequary
Reqind: JIe Carrtamn" "L'Nfotre Hanchanter." Iutb, Jmuary 1967, P. 1,
N 3ly [tREn.ic 3l, 1
Harc"",1989, FRtq Iles, 24 Harch 1967 , PPa 17-18. "m che book @Ppc 9* } cloae Jook oc cho facte; concemlng Me_Dath_eL Ereetdenst
"1 ~ {rxt]Defendrat_ 24 PD. 22-23_ by WIlliae Nanchentcr, US Wz MdVorkd_Bepclz, 7) 75unry 1967 , Pr. 50-51
6[, WIIIa F , Jq,
E7# Februjry
Pa JJ, MoaabInat Ion, mhe Dook. NawaeerL 20 Arit T767" PP . 36--J5 .
PP . 12-J, 52-53. Prcro } Ics Acc Lona onc React_ons_ Hev Arleene, AprIl 1967, "The Man abaLnatIon} Who Can Undertmd Tt2" #cwcrt 16 January]]1967 , Pf. 26-29 .
T-r;alo, Eterd "Carriaon. "BattIe of che Book ; Manchcdter" 0 We Dath 0f Freaudeot:" ILe, 2) necenber 1966 ,
S660_ 62-16; 72-81 , Hawu ferhet, 1) July 1968, PP. J5_60, 42, 49-52, 56-56 , Mp. 15-18.
of the iurricrr "~?e ) Ire 1969
benncEe, Arold. Jacbles_ Achby edHachceteriIhc_Ston_Eebtad_ttc Jeadkloeds Nev Yor
~dc , Porlv. T0 DP. 24+, Bec LIne Dooko, 1967
IntAllk._
ogkecared M_un:e_ieLmcd_Isport
0 sbeJLo Gurrkee "Dook thet backfIred; conccmIng Dcnthof a PceLdent by WIILeo Hanchester;' 0 WS_Ieve
T JI ~crcdith Preng 7969 . Herld_ReLOrC, 26 Dxccebcr 1966 _ Pa 36. crE;3 #Ll26' Hav Yock: Putaap, 1970. Caftero, La Il. Honchencer Book Nlledsce Con Lag JI KIIled. J ELecttonLc ) ApI
rleca (rder Firc.
3aic excc[FEB {rom ot#t rdc8 . Rororter: 0 Fcbrusry 1960, 1967 p. 22.
[10r vs , chte coplc _
[4nodut; 25 Felruar 1961 Pa 75. PaJ0 . Cannon , Jacc 0 K. and Edward Kooncr. "Hanchester 6 Om Naueet, JO Janutn 1967
{d, Nct, "ci_
S6" {5 16 Harsh T 29 . PP. 21-26.
Ey Ournnc] J1, Kov Crlemna 11 Hard
{eonBcILpt o TV Icervie, Station YVUe_ @urch4lL, Radolph 5. Monchester Book. me 1J Pebruery 1967 , Pa 1, 16
GaxrLaon Telle Its 1969 . Februnry 1967 , Po 6e1nCi LaceOlieina, S{531 Iorecrlrt o TV lotervler , Statlon HVUE, Cole, Harraret L. movcaber 22 , 1963. Saturdty_RevLe: 15 Aprtk 1967, PP. Jo-JI .
"Jr- rJcclvcblc
conn Yance,
% Jarch 1969 Collino, R.S. "Kcnncdy va Loot Hancheetcr , Mlarper Ro; M Ioforeal Gioboary 0tPreod
rt Erlyo . 'Sctfl Plozo
alu ' ltri 968: & 16 Relat(on TechnIqued_ PubLLc_RcLat Loni_Joumal, Apr1l 1967, PPa 1}1s.
Foacrary mj Jac D , Mardle.
Dlatrtct Attorney_ Sudw_Iluze, 26 Pebruory 1967. Cooko, Alatalr "Prceh Shote In Rcnncdy Book Bat € ]e. Edeute_Cuurdle. 26 Jeowsr
Ncv Orlgmn; Te) Lcan
Plct 25 Po2AELcn} Ie Gerrfa 4ou and 4ta
1967 , Po 9 .
~1, Joncb In. c
Publicationo_ 1967 ca5: Kcnnedy Suffere Grlet She Sourht t0 Avo[d. xmchcater_GutALen, 21
cJeAn Shv St On Joculrtl Irub and Gonrequencea: Iandon : Feter nrrchcr 1966 Pa
"8, Joz " k- 21 7i67
n
1967 .
J, "Manchcater Affalr Soturdwv Tcvlcl, 9 Septcnbcr 1967 0. 61.
in 4ceeletrusha-Ie_GuttLoon AILulr Lo Cuniiffe, Marcun _ ^ courtLer'8 ohgcqulcs T0 ( RevIcv o Dentb of Prcs Ldcnt) . We
'parit 1'5
M:' Yark; Lron mid Schukor 1970 . Ec SecLatyx 20 AprI[ 1261 PPa 580-581 .
'm1 Kng Lvrd
7n57, JuJz 7e5. Wr 2 Jupe 1967 , PP. 91-100. "Death 0f Ptcal ExcerpE8 {rop thc IntroductIon (0 the annwj] Repore 0f the LIbrar!
Crto sam pa , X3sr
34 Fcbruary 1975
Pa of Conbtcae [or thc Plocal Year Endink June m 1966." LlbqoxJoumul, Aubud €
01 lk:e Eann,d, (s
"February 196) ,
r' J4. 1965 , PP, 3171-3176,
~,S- Na:
Fa 17,; I0_
Dc^
eharrea= copessaing Jta Garrdsen* Tv: broadcase: " PrbsLdenten Rolbe &] dcn Tod: #Illlan Manchester bericiltet dlo volle iiehrhelt nc
"Occc
~ho
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"Hore La Act 52'
1966, 'ren, 5o3,
3854 %30 Sctb'
16-31 , 1967, 92 , 35962:%
Ncv
JJrh, K] "me {or 7}
1964 , Jeduan]
i969 , f'
Guusrdeas warTen,
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Beron .
"Tvo "er, Ctae:
mhae
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Tlee' July
:8rinr
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1969 , "The
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Story . 1969 ,
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Gunarinh Fivmz * lcIctublle Z2 Aprtl J96?_ PP, 20-22. Johngon, L, B, Idcnt 0 Proc Lanat June 6_ 1968. VItaLSrcechite, 15 Iune 1968.
T(u9 Mer mwh Sr Frkvnc7 . 044EE 1'v} 21 January 1967 . PP. 26-21. 00 Jonoon takca onth 6 nat (on wovr9 Kcnncdy _ srlersrhalunds; 6 Ixcc ber 196J. p #E3;%
na nanchnicT Tttoet Kenucdy fanily and Mdo, Knebol, Lctchera 00 che Shote; 'he ordcal] 0( Lyndon Johnaon . Lcdt, 10 Hareh 19
#xrc)th, 8u. Nob #m_
pr. B0-29 , PPa 26-26
21 "161, FB? "Szcntedy JetLILcd Io BrInglng Surt?" Racurew "LBJ 0 tho AngadeInatlon. Ncxaveckt '11 Moy 1970 , Po 61,
"ardolcb _ Elt; su. Ipp," #Ist LIncoln, Evelyn. Kenncdy_and_Joblneon: Mcv York: Rnehart WInaton na8.
"cho_ LaJ. Zrlala % Govcmn Tnt ^ i37i7; 0Icoke: 20 AprIL 1967 , PP. 4l-12. Da "Icu Yoik Letter} Macbeth Lo che MIta Houde." SaturduNtshE,_Beeeebi
and V, #oor ?Eer.
Gacc]7oq Dottle betwcen the Kcnncdy Fanlly PPa 22-2J.
mr Rol {AIrit. Ucovrz' 6 Fchzu9r7 1967 Pa 20 . 477774677 janunry 1967, P. 25. {0 var: Icn; Tov over Hanchater'0 Buok. mo Je-J5 . #omrek: 6 Februbry 1967
the Ivre Altcr Cellan; 'thc Dook md the Tca- Iacny : Py Ve "rcheetcr. US, Zc? Md
ConccmIng I_Reath o Prct II. MARTIN LUTHER KING
'Jacvellnc Kcrpcs $ Victor- Ecvez 7
( 55G;; 20 Fcbrucgy T967 PP . 51-37.
aten, Jonck IcG%E Ncl:; fhe
Jahilry Pr. 16-19_
F, IrIn. "e Anthor 0 Pueht
{ Kcnady4lo. mnich: author (nt d) "Accuecd kIIler, clunay In OIth cloged cyco. Lfle, 26 Aprll 1968, Pa 620.
Pc Krmcd-s: Tc ourar;
Eo Wcite. 63 44ixvx: 21 Janury Pp. 20-29 , Adamo , S.J, "IcasurIng up the CathoLIc Prese md Rcv. Hortln Luthor KMnB, Jrs" Ketla
'pkInd, Adrwu.
ZoEAErledy Pcore; 2zg 9 January 1967, PP . 20-21. Itay 1968 , Pa 620.
309e0, Ecuard. Jecque] Ing
E Pccnnedftlo;Jaini {65_ J0 Drccrher 1966, Pa 956. 150,000 aaid (prevell to Dr. Ktng, US_Icua_md_Horld_ReLQrt, 22 AprtI 1968, PP.
recgjer_ Peu] Terto Ilat Hcre ifft fio Mreayert' 26 Decciber 1966 PPa J9-43, J8-J9 .
P?. 1, J6,
Cut of the Kcnnedy Dnok.- EcLleg; 'i98i_ m} 'Aeaa9s InatIon." Itce 12 AprIf 1968, ppa 18-21.
'ainr, [eler. "^ BTI]Mmt Horalc of Eucnto. 11 '^soageInatLon according to Capote. 1lCi, 10 Mny 1968, Pa 65.
'tle, Stuirt 4. "Alrth Tatno of Rcak
Lrng{ Z1 %33seci_ 8 Aprtl J, "AobabeLnat Ion ehocke natIon; "Ith quotatTona. SenLor _Scbolaetts: 25 Art1 1960, Ppa
&c Staincd Gicoe Ionre.
Sature% ar Septcdler 1967, P
&i.
18-19,
9x25 !4 &nd tkc @gh of
477e5 WEiT:, Avs"at 1967 PPo 4-1, Bennett , Lrone Jr. m 'Martyrdar of #.l, KInka ' 1960, Pa 176,
vlth m:Fd D(led Cnllouj;cnn 0 a #ap_ Miiiz Hanchcster dhazcee gutdoor mt_Honucr _of _ Montsphx_eL_mx; dlicaso: Johnoon Pwb. 1968.
Ocacalef_ WIllim.
'Ylec CallGnchcotes"; 3v icnal Trarcdy _ Out - LUc. October
I9&.
Ilunt wyalcry RIllcr. WS and_Vorld Rrpert, 29 Arll 1968, PR; 8+.
'nchcrest Bonk: f Fla ond
ercor; story . " Lok, Apriq 1967 TP. 62-66. Blalr meStrange of JC En Nev York: Bantan Booko, 1969_
Arrll 1767 , Pp' 22-7}_
Story That 7 { thm Lfc or Deoch . %eet Bouteile, P, cc 01, muodt_InNcepll: (".P9 Mert PwblIcatIono_ 1960.
Jchcr, Sslelo. "Ktct rhc Battle _ ne Book. Ic Brovn, Kra. Julla: Pleraa 0L IL lelf Mrttn_Luther TaCT CoanlcEee. t9.d.
Fcrnc. Ecna:c9 Acccrd #Ith Harper Rou
adoiirggndieoae: June 1967 , PP. 25 , 21. Camcron, J,m; "BrItIal vIcw on Mart n Luther KLnB. C-pzonvacl 26 AprIL 1968, Pa 164.
23 Jcng:r 1967 , Pa 222. 8J Hancheetcr IubLleham Clarke, J.4; md J,h, Soule. "Hou Southcro Cfldrcn {clt ohouc 0 Dath ," Ieg-As
Hns AM3. GrrsPFEt: 1n, Ilaueot and Ilseful, but October PPa J5-40.
3 I1 1967 Pfb 2-J. 90 exioperac Enoran)_taxaztne: rDcepenInb Iyetery %f Dr. '0 AaddaoLnbt Lop." WS Nata_md_Wotld PLLOIL, 27 HsJ
~, J.x_ "T! < Pr!tcLe GrIc( 0f Publlc 1968 , Pa 10.
262,. FIgurce .' Snturdo_Rcvler, 21 Januery 1967 ,
Ppa "D1d Ray KIlI Kinb?" Not-cpal_Revtat, 23 APr1L 1960, PP. J76+.
:ualo: SprsntIn; fontroverny . 6 Janwa!y 16-}; "Doctor Ktob: Natlod Z5 prI} 1968; Bp:, 76+;
Tan (corc _ J6e Rcol o the Crntir. Ie PPa 1. rDoctor KLng 'e purder; nneging qucotIone remalo: ' USs Hezn ndtorlu Rcedrss 24 #arch
:0, Pdterd r Guelt md Doth Rcact
~est #-Bueleg. Jmwar 1967; PP' 6-73
Pa 1J.
Lr Ws Beve:%ell 1966 ,
J" to Dc chof 4 PreaLdcnt:" Halberetar, H: "Are You Ity o[ eurdcrIng HarEto Luther Elngl" Ney IetLILue_lsul
Icje 625 _ Taper,.
494966, REse 81967,
9 Junc 1968, Pp: 27-29+.
Mclp You Frc Chc Rccord Stzatrht Whoit that
1 Pps 26+_ Iuto, #B: "Story of Jerea Eor) and tha Plot to e88a8eInace HartLa Lucher KIes." L
by rorntcr_ Conccratn; Io_Death_of
1 Prca 26 Noveaher 1968, Dp - 96-97+.
01, #lcbolz. Jujt
Rcad {8
Ncwo "r,
#ld P30ers 6 Fcbruaty 7967 PP. 66-67, Hufe, # Ba et 01. Jancd Earl Murdered Dr . Kln8 ." Loot, 15 AprI! 1969 , PPa
Pr, 567-560. Man:heetcr. Hev Statenmzo, 21 Aprl 1967 _ 102-104_
Ir_ Berbsra 4. Istorie' OpporcurI "Janca Rey wanhune cnde but myeteree rc@aIn, 4i Noya edtotkdRGpOgs, 26 Jna 196
Pp . 27 , JI, M1, 3. Suurdex_kevler, 25 Februery 1967_
PPa 36-J6 .
Ldieafc, I_Wntoldstorz: che Io the cnn oh Lord; 00 Hcynwcck, 15 Aprtl Pp . J4-J8.
mard Booko 156T. s Kennedxa_Joes se_Egok_Datele. Nev Yorkt Lomax _ Loulo. To Klh} A Bback_Kan. Loe Anfc len}
'19661188,
Ilouee, 1968,
~re va} 0 Dic 3a 47 Fcbrujry 1967_ 'Man in Roow 5. 77 Tptii 7968 , P.21,
4m Vr _ ~JUluz; coQceTJL08 H Hinchea 0
Pa 78. "MartIn Luthcr KIns and thc rIsht co knov AnerLca, 22 Kerch Po 32J.
Jou:rv 1967 P, 16_ Meeth of Ecadcnt. Sentes_Scholatt "Natea ed Coruuent. nc Yorkc, 1) Aprl] 1968 , Pp: J5-37.
'0 Can. "Hechceccr'& Cpheaval: NetkmalCytholIc 0'Icary, J. Crc aEcst aihunt In lov cnforcemnc hleton_ Reader '$_DNRceE,_^vgube, 19
Frmcls. chcater and the RcPartct_ 29 Harch 1967 Pa 20, Ppa 63-69_ Kcnacdja , Sunday 34ze, TS January 196 1 Pa 10, "RaloIng whfrlutod Ray '0 Plea of guflty- Ie, 21 Harch 1969, PPa 16-17.
"RcnctIone to the #laying o Hartin Luthcr JycPooIuco. Lrtce, AprI 1968, PPo
I, LTNDN EAINES Jciiviso 536-536.
Turer, W, "Sonc dlaturbing parollclo. Recnarte, 25 Jenur 1969.
Wactcre_ Pa ec 0 _ "Bcale Strcct ond FoInto North. 16 NacJo 22 AprI J960, PPa 529-335
RI(t of LbJ md Kcnded: IchInd the Furor "Iherc 1a Jomco Farl 7 Naucck, 29 Apr1! 1960, P.21;
EDdZb W, Kencheater, ' Vi
%uoved Jaook ConcemIns the Drath_QL kIllcd Klnc?" Mrziwcck, 22 April 1960, J1-JJ.
rr,xi-i1 cecrs; 2 January1967 , "Mo KIlled Ktng?" 54/, 76 AprI[ 1968, PPa
Eezi.
J, vetts, Jeke Mt J"don: 4 EztWcc" Cmc
"WIdcnlng Search." 7; 19 AprI) 1968, Pe 20 . Fof? 71 5 7767, 4#c D Canyon , Tcxaa: "HlIlard, Golt_ DatLonql Rcvlat Hay 1968, Pa 432 .
-hfo. 3_ ~r426 Lrzyc?_ 2 Jcrga_Iolic_Mnsnsolnutton Woodbury, R, "Hurder cTues; Tand eZt?, cot cheso Jnd MIlly etlc." LLle 19 Aprt
Tc Juthor j357, 2 Vo
st_PreeAdent 1968 , PPo 40-404
8d cf M42 Jctngon. Londsn: Damay _ 1960. "ear Jacer: honoro for Dr: Klng; vJolence, Cooa' 4i J+g ndtorkd Repott 16 APrtl
7i La J: , ~r C0 274en 4O2Ec00 deLIeercd before 1969 Pa 0,
i2r6 md tive Iloina 4 0' Iolot geaulouoL_the DOREAScnco' Maohing co0} "0.p.o.,71965.
Jmr"_ "lcol
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RODERT P:REXYEDT
zcttcr Jod ttrr Lo, L~Lrb 2 Je 19M, > JJ:
M8 Accused: md SIrllan ." 21 1968, "Ltter [o We eJitOr . Mek Jot1960, 10
{(crath o( {rac mJ; 0
PP: 24-J, Locll, Ibert. Fut; rorz? LTtW6
";
Jr 1960, >. 27.
J7 Jina 1968 , PF . 25-20 . dcnacot olalo." DS ad_Horkd _Reports Lyoa , Lmb A "narles Rrite In: 54t7atw Srerrr 1588, r. 5t3
~~cn Mcxfl?re_ Editor) of , PIK: aJa Life rrd Nxth:
Martto, Dm; "Tem nitb tnlmo tovt aI7 UrInitng, Uv @kil , Trt sb5D, Cnr:
Kenncdj Fccord: 0S Er24EFI 6
Tort} Dell, 1960. Bobby Lenncdy . Intenlo edlled bJ Orlmms Iallecl. Lebs 26 Drorber 19
To be Or Mot To Kc_ CEZI 29
[202t, MGJ Pp. 50-50. PP. 78-85.
V. a Jr. ~@eIlectlcan
on
73 51731.7ial,968
PP, 16-)9. nhdL, #.T: KannctLdSuthw Bv Torts 8 Morld Prro J960.
F 267 . {ral. Nat-ondl 11 Morch 1969_ Moore, T. "47611 of the MG "ICh
#
Ar Monks: 20 October1967, M. 6,
~TIm, J.n: Barlad: tle &nth of Krrned . rmther md jon." Enqwaet: 17 Icbrotry 1969, P.7JJ.
w. Oannl, 28 June Ppa 429 nuererIdre, Maltole TElcvatIon' 0 Senator RP . Lmned] ." eqelot torrateer 1968,
L:rdi, Jolm, ~nancr o Spc kIng; Ty cortobc id] radto PPo 1l6+.
29 Jime Po J. Coterbse, Snturdor_Revkaws Navaskj. VIctora ~Robert 7 Lamned] , mrtlo L. [Ink, Jal. Honvor eo #d J€ t0 vb
nIrtoln _ [izrert. 14 July 1969 FP. Jsta Alntlos Roreeter 1970.
3 Cm Icncc of {Ff IECnco 22 "Nev cluco In RFT ecath} V ther plotr KMd#orld_aon, [24 Jue 1961
~t Tcrcccc J, [" Rctrre P
Fc61n5y P. 12, Po J6.
s =rz Jul, 1966,
57-525r& _ Dellvared at tha Ftmeral. 244 Neufleld, Jack. "mcdy ,L7" Out Cat Cmlcn:" LLfe. 29 mreh 1960, Ppa Z6-JL.
~eh of 1 K-TTctAt .
T Ju4} "Noceo md Coromi. 'Leue: 15 Juee J960, PPa 21-75.
Tolcdno R-JpS.
eX
Krn
1969_ P- 22 . Ne 77 Jue P. 19.
1967,
Hould Bc Cnnf sent, F Yort: G,P: Nutuas' Sono, 0 'Ledoker , RorT .
rit5
Lha Prlenn strd, Ira Indlms to Orxan : 4tlou 27 6:
rrotd, R.L. "SIthm Ehro" tbc Icot Le Blar9;
1960 , PPa 682 .
Aprlt 1969 P 28.
~cbrtnom of rnzchlatrIbt . I3 AaIo, mnce Acalo.' #onel, 11 Juo 1960 , 20_40.
" T~ 5%, Hov (hancc ? @abome, Joho: "Nebreaks PTT 5TJ , the Ife, Md Md buta." X~NLlle 10 1o7 14
'wrt] 6{ch4 ~cu Yurketr
K7004525454C+-29 Apr!! B 08: PPa 1-9.
Ti 7 1268 , Rn Taru5 , [riendu Retiir YIth Body Lm AoRelee "Othor SIthan; teot [eony 0f Pronecutla'1 pnydlntrlot." Nomcek: 16 @prt] 1969, P1
m' 1 , 12 ,
{;*;070_ P~_ Cour 46-65,
Cn(fdcace_ 4"
H'r:ar Mcc; {uapcct Givc? [rprcaeJon of Cocky , errogaot "Peychlstr M trel, NAtLoLEute' 6 Hy 1969 PP. 427-420,
GrAly MtF 01 tlie {0
teJlzz, 9 Juns 1968, Fr' 1, 15. Reeves MIchard: "The MMR 67 Camidato 1960. " Xc Iodt_IlL30 Masaslpe. JI Mm
L 14
Tntr67; vcb rcpoita Fy Lo WsLnvrlchc &d T; . mhite; ' 2968 , PP. 25-21. 1968, rF. Jz-AID.
4 Jcv' ? alr:o Ccm Eulox for 'Cccd mnd 0
RcIch, Ken. "MeCarthy Sunpenda Pollt Iepl Act IrIt Ico ; Mb Prner Vle4I." Ja*gache
mx op. 1,
icot K LnAceekal Ilem, Junc 1968, Pa I8,
7, R. n, "5 19 JGc ralla, Jure 1973 , Retchley _ 1j; 'nla 0 RumIng Ime]( Out o[ the Rcc , Fortune, mrch 1960, PPa IL
Tr €s DoIj, "Trovelo #tt5,7657 TPa 38+, "RFK . @useen_Cantunl, 05 (4968) , E01-808_
"u. 7&-If #80: 4 Tett
Trozdy, WOncr'4 July 196e Ppa 51-61. "RFK: The Bob Rennedy Ve bev_ Loot; Jur mttc Jonue.
3-c Jcw/v Stare
Ily crzz4}052Z+4# 5 1960 , PP./32-JJ: "RFK} the @00 the drean, the €resedy . WsL Nczn md borld Recorc, 17 Jumo 1968, M1
Fro v '#ot
Te:ly Srrypccr, Arch Jrrlerant Atal epcd; 16-10.
r Goz
%" { CdieaceJ. Iort 0? Jto; 1968, PPa 1, 20. RIeanan, Davld: "cCarthy md Kenned) . #c _Fapub!lc, 1J ArrIl 1968, PPa 22-2J.
21i.{ 871 Inb[der' Ilyig; 223520 22 Rovrader PPo Robert Kennedy md che NcRro. July 1966 , 29-J2 ,
to J.*~~0 ^ {EcLl ( {2cr RTT
Roberta, 5. Va "SJrhm 0.
SNRtC; 68G}' aekoationsP' Z91U3+_, Movesber 19N, M.
19 / . 4R3etc:ugl; Ecn Tork; Rmndor Botto IJl-IJ+.
cnrr(rsclen?" 0 s{ Rosera , Harren . 'Bobby '0 McIalon . Leek, 16 AprIl 1960, Pf. 12-00.
7J {rrnroj: thc
"04 Strtccticc 17b0, TP. 9, J6. Rogero _ Herrcn md Stanley Tret Lck. "Mhe Bob Kcnnedy ve Knu." Jno July 1968, $
"'Blc Tee of 60;
WiGeYn 5dltEzc= 29 ^prIl PPa 28-J. J1- 36 .
BTotT ci
8: 'fatef",ot c{ fhrR; 4 To j377477 1969 ,
MPa 3-JI . Rove re , RIcherd Ha "Lettera [ron Hsahloston. Ncv Yorte, 1S Ppa 90-96.
PPo w-J2.
Robb)-IfJ brt- WSa ntm ZLkrALcor, APrIL 1968, Scheer Robere, NIBht Bobby Ded." 6445, 70 Aubwat 1960, Ppa
0lry It [dan {51sx "M
Schlea inger , Arthur M: I for Kenned) Ty Rctwblls' 10 Kj 1968, PPa J9-k
2#F"" (0 DLled: Mav Torti mIrd Prcsd, 1920 . "Second Ehoughta on BohbJ . ILE' 21 J'me 1968, P. 46,
Mana
P"m) . 6 Trtob;: 1558 , P= 42-1}. "Sclecttvfty In Los Anbelce." Ilne, January 1969 Pb Pc3linrt 5 Kt T?' 36+- Sh Ihab , NIs. Shm: Sm Antmnlo; Maylor 1969.
17 Jsrary 1939 'njllor} Ia Jall vm Mmm, D* teatn8 MlI:" Lle, "Shock of Vlolence hics the camale_ Dun [nem9 8 June 1960, PPo 38-42,
{IXllo
P;ozo;256 "SIrhmn 6ullty _ Scnler_SchoLntlE: 2 Hav 1769
0
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T' 16 , Irr (olnc, Je_tma Iat Jenc 1968, "sime; crared] o[ the bboura,,T Ncvaveck, 26 Marchl1969 Pa Jz4.
Monm B . Smhna VIrc of Lcve (Jimc
~SIrhan 0 [IMce; Ecnt [monj of paychletrlot, #caredtt ^rIL 1969 , P. 37.
coter
Jour 5, 1968) . " skra, L5 Jote 1968, beck "SItha 0 Verdlct. 25 Apr11 1969 _ PP. 27-72.
Ans.IlnatIon: rliklin ovcttones_ Crlt)
"SockInk It to Cd:
#zr
vtth Bobby_ ;rokz 5 AprLJ 1960, PP: 22-2J.
(ndldaya @dallo 21 #sta m Ict 21 June P' J9. Sorenaen Tendore c "RFK : Fereonal Sacurdu Rvia_, 27 June 1760, P.+J9 Lmnr,
PT. 30+, StcInhccker John, RE: me Mm she_ttztAckad_eIlur2; Wpo @gelcs; Iepont
5r~t cmre_ 'ict Erli 15 Juinc ]968 , PP = 1
Pub Ilaher" 1569
7.a} "on {o? #ing tln KItk A . trom Waablorton; who' B"lty. Nav_AcLtlle, 1S June 1968, Pa 2,
1"64 T J6 , stiungth td]lrpa ." Hcv_Ycrk 16 Juix: "TatIwr the oolt, Nezaxcck, 25 AvrWac Pa 72.
mJn?:; #Ilca caln md "Teot canc Tcnponac? to prycholocical Ecata, #rwewcsh' 1 AorI! 1969 , PP. 9l93,
[o akcr ~c.' Xek_ M1_
Juc Ld,..Stahm NEei _ hirse} f 46 Jordmlon bora "mhree AjanaoInnt Imd_ m 'nce!ALoL 10, 0q, ' (1968) 1}-16,
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1966 ,
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Page 273
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13-00000
20
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#ebs, P X: Yoed . "2ricetions 6 erozedy . S423, Wgua: 1968, PPo 296
395 .
~ajc vw In Slrha'0 2lad?" ILE, 38 Jmwy 1969 _ 54.
Nelak, Paul 2 3 cragon Pt75557 2 geykle,
x
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03 Jose, eha Prcr ?lw8rj_ 7 !"78 0962 , 7?_ 342_
#oe ,` DavId "Rov] Bobbz Plma EO "a 8484 gai3} 2au, juze 1568, P?. 13-27.
71[Debte8 Ipear- Nanaik 26 Jue 1959, F? 20721,
Joerla, Robere . 'X33y YcCarrhy 1955-1957 Vocleg Record . Siet Rzuulte 1
J960 , PP 21-27.
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UNcLASSIFIED ~INTERNAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
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Harold Weisberg AppeeL/LITIGATION IPS-76-382
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SUSPENSE DATE
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TO? (Ofticer designation, toom number , ard DATE
building) OFFICER'S COMMENTS (Number each commeni to show from whom
INITIALS t whom. Draw OcrOs8 column after oach commeni.) RECEIVED FORWARDED
CTEUR
e
Kts
0Lt
Please revlew the attached
2 documents for release to 4 B-440 6
Mr Weisberg. Bracket_in_res
chet part 08 tha eore--Youl
3
REd bazav@
O4u
Zhould be_heleted
ELec_ 87J ana gave the_proper_BQIA _
exemption_for_the_deleted
#. material.
Eue /F
8 %ia
& |
Also, please review the
5 Carolz Dapjsoy material for clessification +
Downgrade a11 docunents to
E
CONFIDENTIAL where possible.
6 Classificatton reviews must
be done by an officer wIth
TOP SECRET classifyIng
authority A1l docwlents
have been stamped wIth the
Classification Review stamp
8 for You to complete Docuneats
that You egree
Shouid
be'
downgraded to CONFIDENTIAL
9 should be stamped with the
downgrading stamp.
If liaison 18 being claimed
as an exenption for deletion
indicate tke part that is
from Iaison and identify
the service for me pleas0 ,
12 Thanks
Helen
These documents cover Dr ,
RETurn To King: You heve already
Stilson MT-3
compieted the documents
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
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Iine
Styk
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Marold Neisbere AppeaL/LITIGATION IPS-76-382
FROM: EXTENSION DATE SENT
i Sciison MT -5 21 ReQrwuIx 420
SUSPENSE DATE
1595 Murch JQZ3
TO:' (Officer designation, room number , ard DATE building) OFFICER'S - COMMENTS (Number each commonf to show from whom
INITIALS t whom_ Draw lino ocrosscolumn after each comment.) RECEIVED FORWARDED
Please roview Ehe ettached
2 documents for release co
Mr . Mefsberg: aracket in Tod
chet part `0f the cext You
3. believe should b0 deletad
and glve the proper FOIA
exemPtion for €ho deleted
4. materiel
8
Also,please review the
5, matetla} for clessificatiou .
Downgrede ell documonte to
CONPIDENTIAL vhere possible .
6 C1aseffication reviews mubt
be dono by #1 officer With
TOp SECRET clessffying
authoriey. AH docunont?
have been s c@mped with the
Classiffeation Revlow stamp
8 for You to complete Docunehts
that You exree
Shouid
be
downgraded to CONFIDENTIAL
9_ should be stamped mith the
dowugruding stawp.
0 If Mfafson 18 beng claimed
09 an exempeion for deletion:
indicate tho patt chat i9
Erom Iieison and fdentify
tig service for We please.
12. Thanks
Melen
Thes e documents covor Dr .
RETURN To Kimg: You have alreaedy
M . Stilson iit-3
coipieted che documonts
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USE . OHLY
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SUBJECT: (Optionol) REQUEST- NUMBER
Heruld Weisberg Appeel/LITIGATION IPS-76-582
FROM: EXTENSION DATE SENT
m; StlIson MT-} 28_Februarx 1278
SUSPENSE DATE
1595 Maeh 122
TO: (Oficer designation, room]number , and DATE
building) . Officer'$ COMMENTS ' (Number each commeni to show from whom
INITIALS 6 whom. Drow Iino across]column after each commoni:)
RECEIVED FORWARDED
7oA1Sr B
ZL1L2oz Ploase review the;attached
2 docuents for reloase co:
Mt , Wefsberg: prekat W je
getpart 0 thoEOHIYou
3 D@TvO 7ou1 D0 TTDLI
MCHO (9 NHDJTDA
Kxemo) KO DT @Qd
LEULJL
Also, AlsdGlezae Sp 3 tadol / pleaae
NTTEA 70mtn1na
COWHIENTAL 01oneLpo[nr
6 Crassiricat_On reviews Mugt
be done by an officer With
TOP SECRET elassifying
authoricy. A1} documonts
have been s camped Kith the
Classificatfon Revlew staip
8. for You to complete Docune ts
Ehet You @ee should 1e
JLHTIN 4o quionl
9 Jud 6o gm2ed Midide
jwmuI
io If Mafson 48 betug cladned
@U W(ELIE)I} {OZameui
44Cd Nn DDF Onc0
IOU Wnison and IIO4
tno sorvice ror #0_plecge.
12 Thanks
Melen
These documents covor Dr ,
RETURN To : You have already
Stilson MT-3 comploted che docunents _
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FROM: EXTENSION DATE SENT
St11so0 MT -5 28_Rebruary 1978
SUSPENSE DATE
1595 Mareh 1978
TO; (Officer designation, room numbet , and DATE
building) OFFICER'$ COMMENTS (Number each commont to show from whom
INITIALS + whom_ Draw line across column after each comment,) RECEIVED FORWARDED
&L:
HErztJL
2 8 1978
PIease review the attached
2 5 d83 documents for releas0 to
Mr . Wofsberg. Bracket in T6
tha € 6f the toxt You
3 bexfeve Should be deleted
CE[ja Fa J 1 - MAR 1978 and the proper FOIA
exemption for the deleted
@aterial _
Also, ' please revlew the
5 material for classifJcation .
EA/STAJEXO
MAR Downgrade a11 documents to 1978
CONPIDENTIAL where Possible .
6 Classificutfou reviews Must
Ae s7A
4 MAr 1478 be done bY an officer WIth
TOP SBCRET classifying
authority . A1l docuents
have been stemped with the
Classification Revlew stamp
8 for You to complete Documents
JMSTA/EZO MAR 3978 thae You egree
Shouid
be
downgraded tq CONFIDENTIAL
9 should be 9tamped with the
downgrading stamp,
IO If iialson f8 belng Claimed
83 an for deletion
indicate
EseaReio3rec
that 18
from liaison and identify
the servIce for me please
12_ Thanks
ielen]
These documents cover Dr ,
RETURN To: You have already
Stilson #T-3
cowpieted
the documents
PRIORITY HANZLING FOIA REQUEST
FoR6 3749 SECRET CONF I DENTIAL UsFerH#;
ONLY
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FEB
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glve
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SUBJECT: (Optionol) REquEsT NUMBER
Harold Woisberg Appeal/LITIGATION IPS-76-382
FROM: EXTENSION DATE SENT
H_ Stilson HT -3 28 Pebruary 1978
SUSPENSE DATE
1595 2 March 1978
TO: (Officer designation, TOom number , and DATE
building) OFFICER'$ COMMENTS (Number each comment to show whom
INITiALS p whom. Drow 0 lino ocross) column after each comment_ RECEIVED FORWARDED 0cv7Xwr
Please review the attached
2
Jait
documents for release to
Mr Weisberg. Bracket in re
that part of the text You
3_
believe should be deleted
and give the proper POIA
exemption for the deleted
4, material: (b)(3) ()()
Isla_ Also, please review' the
5. material for classification
Downgrede al1 documents to Cnbnahd
CONFIDENTIAL where possible_
6
Classification reviews must
be done by an officer with
Wim fll TOP: SECRET classifying
authority A11 docuents
have been stamped with the
Stat_ Classification Review stamp
8 for you to complete_ Documents
that
you agree Shouid be
downgraded to CONFIDENTIAL
9_ should be stamped with the
downgrading stamp.
If liaison is being claimed
as an
exemption for deletion_
indicate the part that is
fron liaison and identify
the service for me please .
2 Thanks
Helen
These documents cover Dr .
RETURN To King You have already
H_ Stilson IT-3
compieted the Ray documents
PRIORITY HANDLINGI FOIA REQUEST
ForM 3749 SECRET CONFIDENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
1 - 75 USE ONLY
from
@q3
Rnk
(ud
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13-00000
UNCLASSIFIED IwTERNAL
AL
USE CMLy
PRTORliY HANDLIN
uit SUBJECT: (Op"onal) REQUE $t ~umbf R
iiaruia ~isberg Appeal/LITIGATIJI IPS-76-382
FROM; EXTfNSION DAtf #C
LL , ociisoil S.T-3 26 Ktiruaty 1978
Ler Sl'Spf:e [4:1
1595 2 Marcn 1973
EmiWrtrt: D6ar TO: (Oftficor desizn3"on, 'com numbor , ond D.TE building) OfficERS COMMENTS (Number aach comment to show skam
INITIALS b whom. Drow lino Octoj} column oher aach conm:i.) 30 waRDFD
FFh k
@Lh-
Vdia ;
1
"Jezse: Toviel tne attached
2 cocuciis for rclease to 4 B - 440&
:r. jeisberg. sracket_ in re
'ChatWIt_Qf tile text Yo4
3 believc sho4Td b0 JeTeted
ani sive til? proper_ FA elz
exclption ror the deletea
4 4cerial
Alsj , Alease review che
5. =4Cetial for classificitio.
E/ stkt A Josraic a11 uocuneats to
Co:FI_e:;TIL where possiule.
5. Classification reviews mast
be jone by an officer wit;l
Twi SiCRLT classifying
autiority. 411 doculents
i.Vc uce; stamped With thc
Ci_siification Revict stauip
[Jr. {cl to coiplczc JoCawlc::es
tiili You #orec Sioui: De
xo; raacd to Cj:Fi_.,GIAL
shcla be sta.ped wit:l the
downgrading staii?.
:f liaisoI is bein, eluined
ZS 3n exemption for G3l-tion$
inluicate tie Part t;: is
fro liaisO1 a324 iuo-tify
tile service for '1 11-"5e.
1.W.rs
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'Aese docuiteis corcr 'Jr.
Ti: To . You iilvu eIrcaay
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fror:
:
:in_
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maroiu "#iauura 471 :
'd435
IV5-70-362
FROM: EXTENSION DATE SENT
Ti. otiicn iif -3 1495
SUSPENSE DATE
TO: (Officer designation, room number , and DATE
building) OFficer'5 COMMENTS (Number each comment to show from whom
INITIALS @ whom; Draw Iine across column after each comment.) RECEIVED FORWARDED
3/4gg
8 - FEI 1978 1 lease Tewiew cic art_cioa
Jocunents for rolease 10
2 Mr #eisberz. iracket in
red tnat ?art of the text
You believe shoulu 1e
3 ueleed ex4 !Ive tlie proper
FUf exemption f0r the delac
material
Also, plcae revisw che jafe
f01 classificuti u . 1
5 reccareri-i thut 31l these
#cCeits be iowmsraued -to_
CO:FIOE TIAL _ clessificati
6 roviews #ust bc Jonee: by 161
ofricer with 'Tup S@CRET
clessifying Wulhortty.
411 Jocueats have. been Stuf EA/STA/EXO 15 FEB 1978
witu cit classification Tevi
s t :p ior Yuu to conplcte.
8_ Jocwencs Eaxt You ieree
snomlu be stampeu witf @hiu
9
AURAN G #tamp.
if Liwison is bein; €Ieinwa
4s 12 eneaption p1-4s0
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WW
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140 0M4
2
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(1J3J4 eoeccrhin;' Jax.;b Ail Xn;
;~4 6' 1595 3,46 (1n; Jccmcils Tf2 ;
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SUbJECT: (Optional) REQUEST NUMBE R
Jierofu #ciaier; A;vcd
17
Ips-T0-3302
FROM: EXTENSION DATE SEnT
(6 9ilsui sa4' 1 9 1-J5
SUSPENSE DAFE
TO: (Oficer designation, rOom number , an DATE building) OFFICER "S COMMENTS (Number each commont to show from whom
INITIALS t whom_ Drow line Ocross]column after eoch comment.) RECEIVED FORWARDED "cTATT8ta3
1'leas0 Teview ca0 cric?J 2g247-13
ioc.nez3 for roloeso to
2 3 Mr. "cisbers Stacrct i.1
Tej ihalt pirt 0f the twr1
You peliove shoule 00
3 huteer} deloted 4 {Iw0 cno 3'roint H. #T-3
FOI expeitiom fcr t, &shct
aateria).
4.
The documents may ot be released
Also, please revisw tno ALi
Addis Ababa 2200] (TN919685) {cr classi icarion. 3
28 April 1968 identifles thle source and recomeema :hmat 44i these
does not pertain to Jhmes Farl or Jo cuts be domnrradea {.0
6.
Martin Luther King , any jknown CWF[ol:TIAL lassirieeri
suspect , accomplice associate To rcwiews WG3r b0 Wone Ly 41:
release it would violate the privacy cfficer witn Nr SCiT
of another U.5, person
clvssfiyin: 4#aerity
411 onecnts &ev6 bren St:.
The information pontained in paras mil. Lic Ciass1 ie0ii i Tvvi
T and 3 of IN 00793 p0 April 1988 was s 0x0 ir Yol C( ccinlcri.
8. acquired from a
liaisbn
source, the Jocueb s K1% Yvu #,rce
Nigerian Special Branth_ Haragraph 2 Smquly40 aamp cu vit tr?
9 Identifies a source inte1ligence and DJmGNAulo 8 Ea:'i:
the information therejin doels not pertain
to James Earl Martin Iuther If Lieinon i: beins claisy-
Io or_any known suspect accompTice or
4s 931 efiectlon 0lsise
associate To releasl the information i4e1tify tnie s#rnic {Vr
would vidate the privlacy 0f another G0
"S = person_
Two
CSCI 316/01685-68_may [not be releaded
wiv:
12 since it merely repeats the information
contained in the two lcabled above and the
exemptions_appl ied to them are equally 1 Wos ~VCVncls Jn.ly _vv;
RETURN To :
(pTease turn oven) ~'K{ {Jrtioi 0 i :X: rc::
0w:cri 4AkA M:
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PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
For5 3749 SECRET CONFIDENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
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Iarrst
Raly
Kinge Ray
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PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
SUBJECT: (Optional) REQUEST NUMBER
Hareld Weisberg Appeal
I 2
IPS - 76-382
FROM: EXTENSION DATE SENT
H. Stilson HT - 3 1595
SUSPENSE
Rst Datztueny 1078
10Rebruary 19Z 9
TO: (Oftficer designation, room;' number , and DATE building) OFFICER'S COMMENTS (Number ooch comMent to show from whom
INITIALS 6 whom. Draw Iina OcrOs$ column after eoch comment:) RECEIVED FORWARDED
@7E6R7877.
[eb28
Please review the attached HBudo6
documents for release to
2 Mr Weisberg. Bracket in
red that part of the text
you believe should be
3 deleted and the proper
FOIA exemption for the deleted
material
Also, please review the matetial
for classification_ I
5 recommend that a11 these
documents be downgraded to
CONFIDENT IAL Classificatipn
6 reviews must be done by an
officer with TOP SECRET
classifying authority _
Al1 documents have been stamped
with the classification review
s tamp for You to complete _
8 Documents that you agree
should be stamped with the
9
DOWNGRADING s tamp
If Liaison is being claimed
as an
exemption please
identify the service for
me .
6
0l
Thanks_
9
He len
12
These documents only cover
RETURN To }
that portion of the request
Ha Stilson concerning JAMES EARL RAY _
HT-3 Ext. 1595 The King documents will fo1low
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give
On
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PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
SUBJECT: (Optional) Al4 REQUEST NUMBER
Oar~ Jak Rat 76 -382
FROM: EXTENSION DATE SEnT F. Je: 11kt/ 8
157s SUSPENSE D TE XT-3 17zZ8
TO: (Oficer designation , toom number , ond DATE
building) OFFICER"S COMMENTS (Number each comment to show from whom
INITIALS 6 whom. Draw Iine Ocross column after each comment:) RECEIVED FORWARDED ~t 7o ,
7 FEB |1978
Pbne
5)5UB
2
22 k,Zq
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17 FEE
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8
9
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RETURN To K
TES
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
Form 3749 SECRET CONFIDENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
1-75 USE ONLY
LLr}
(&{
2ia &
Oal)
tr a2.Zey
2 1 726-
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UNCLASSIFIED INTERNAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
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PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
SUBJECT: (Optionol) REQUEST NUMBER
tiaroli #eisberg Appeal
'd1ato
[PS-76-382
FROM: EXTENSION DATE SEnT
ti_ Stilson 4 -3 1595
SUSPENSE DAFE 6e
V Robruar
TO: - (Officer designation, room number, &rd DATE building) OFFICER"$ COMMENTS (Number each comment to show from whom
INITIALS @ whom: Draw lino acrosscolumn after each commont )
RECEIVED FORWARDED Zuaze
EA Zeb Please review the attached
documents for release to
2 3 @- 3+ Mr , Weisberg. Bracket in
red tilat part of the tGxt
You believe shoule be
3 deleted and give tie proper
FOIA exeiption for the delet'
material 7t 7
Also, please review the matetie atL, mEQ L
for classification_ I
5 3-6-#Y recommend tiat all these
documents be downgraded to
CONFIDENTIAL ciassificatifn
6 reviews miis t be done: by an
officer with TOP S#CRET
classifying &uthority
Al1 docunents have been; Sta1
with thc classification revi
8
stamp for Yol z0 couplete.
Uocuments tmat You agree
should be stamped with the:
9
DOvNGRADI:G stap
If Lisison is #einy claimed
4s am
exeption please
identify tile service for
#€
Tianks
12 .
Kr
1ielen
{'hss0 auciments Cover
RETURN To :
that porticn of tho request
~riisg;: Colceruing JiNLS Likl RAr
J st_ 13f5 Oe Jt 1n1g docueats will foll
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
FoR5 3749 SECRET CONFIDENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
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'Lr
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4u-T 1Lz
only
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UNCLASSIFIED INTERNAL CONFIDENTIAL SECRET:
USE ONLY
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
SUBJECT: (Optionol) REQUEST NUMBER
iarolc veisberg Appeal
'4rero
IPs-76-382
FROM: EXTENSION DATE SENT
3 tilsou f-5 1595
SUSPENSE DATE"
(Officer designotion, toom Qumber , DATE building) OFFiCER'S COMMENTS (Number each comment to show from whom
INITIALS @ whom_ Drow line across]column after oach commenl:} RECEIVED FORWARDED TETAtm
F Please Teview the 4rtacuea 7ao 6 1313
documents for release to
2 Mr #eisberg Bracket in
red tmat part of the tert
You believe shoula be
3 deleted enu give tile proper
FOIA exemption for the deleted
material_
Also, please reviei che liinte
ior clasg ification_ N
5 recommend that a11 these
documents be downgraded to
COi FIDEMTIAL _ Classificati
6 reviews wust be done: by an
officer wich TJp StCRET
classifying autaority _
All docuents have beci stia
wit; ine clessifieation rei
stanp for YOu Eo couplete:.
8 Docilents thac You agree
shoula be starped witi txc
9
DO:NGRAnIc stan}.
If Liaison is being clai:ed
Z5 #31 exc:mj tioil please
identify the service for
iii@ .
Tilark;
aic iVn
2_
These socunefts ofly Cov
RETURN To :
t t portioi 0 4 tiio requaat
ctifsjn coCernilg JAD INi ::_
21 10)9 'Iiie ^iwg docisents Wili E0fl
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TO: and
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USE ONLY
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA JREQUEST
SUBJECT: (Optionol) REquest NUmBER
Marold Weisberg Appeel/LITIGATION IPS-76-382
FROM: EXTENSION DATE SENT
H. Stilson iT-3 28_February 1978
SUSPENSE DATE
1595 2 March 1978
TO: (Ofticer dosignalion, room] Qumbot, ondJ DatE
building) OFfiCEr'5 COMMENTS (Numbor each commont to show From whom
INITiALS b whom; Drow Iino Octoss ` coiuma aftor eoch commont)
Received FORWARDED
(TtnA
6L
et
iadai
Please review the attached
2 docuents for release to 4 B - 4406
Mr _ Weisberg_ Bracket in red
that part_%f the text You
3.
believe Should be deleted
SC
827F
and give-the: proper: FOIA
exempticn-for_the deleted
4 material - ak
By nduintb1n
Also , please review the
5 material for classification
Downgrade a11 docunents to ELstyy_@
CONFIDENTIAL where possible_
6. Classification reviews must
be done by an officer with
TOP SECRET classifying
authority. All docuents
have been s tamped with the
Classification Review stamp
8 for You to complete Docunez
that You
egree Shouid
bo
downgraded to CONFIDENTIAL
9 should be stamped with the
downgrading stamp.
0 If liaison 1s being claimed
as an for deletion_
indicate
EGeTpeicarEothde
is
from liaisOu and. identify
the service for me please .
2 Thanks
Helen
Theze documents cover Dr .
RETurN To , King You have already
Hg Stilson HT-3
compieted the docunents
5
~PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
FoR5 3749 SECRET CONFIDENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
USE OHLY
SaA
MAslk
Ray
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13-00000
4l LAJSiFiED INTERNAL CONFiDENtIAL SECRET
USE ONLY
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
SUBJECT: (Optional) REQUEST NUMBER
sarold #eisberg Appeal
I825,13
IPS - 76-382
FROM: EXTENSION DATE SENT
ti_ Stilson 3T-3 1595
SUSPENSE DATE
1 Gebruar 1O
TO: (Officer designation, room number , ond DATE building) OFFICER'S COMMENTS (Numbor each commont to show From whom
INITIALS 6 whom, Draw lino ocross column after each comment:) RECEived FORWARDED Ae &
Ro_963 Raesiez_ Au Please review the attached
documents for release to
2 Mr Weisberg. Bracket in
red that part of the text
You believe should be
3. deleted and give the proper DOollssleaac
FOIA exemption for the delettd
material
4 014 0JL
Also, please review the "ate 1
for classification_ I
5 recomend that al1 these 104127
documents be downgraded to
CONFIDENTIAL Classificati
6 reviews must be done by 4n
officer with TOP SECRHT
classifying authority_
A1l docunents have been staw
Ba
Arn-6 ALkaLywix/ with the classificatior revi
stainp. for You to complete _
8 Doculents tnat You agree
CONEAnentlL
saitl
should be stamped with tie
DO NGRADING stanp -
9
pe_(l + (6lO)
If Liaison is being claime(i
io_ as a31
exemption please
identify the s ervice for llba_Cb)(a) 444
bxd iiie ,
Ihilalks,
xeie:
12_
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RETU RN To :
that uortioll 0f tha 7+quesi
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2' 3 Zft 13v) Ine_{i4g docuzeats wiil €E01y
PRIORITY HANDLING FOIA REQUEST
FORM 3749 SECRET CONFIDENTIAL INTERNAL UNCLASSIFIED
1 -75 USE ONLY
Kx
#
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13-00000
SEGRET
1 0 JUL
Mr _ Frank Underwood
Freedom of Inforwation-Privacy Acts Branch
J_ Edgar Hoover Building , Room 6958
1Oth and Pennsylvania Avenue , NW
Nashington, DC 20535:
Attention: Connie Fruitt
Gentlemen :
In responding to an FOIA litigation from Harold Neisberg
(enclosure 1) we have surfaced reference to 46 documents
which
originated with your
agency . Three of these documents
are referred by listing only , and either first pages or full
text copies of the remaining 43 docuents are enciosed This
information is being forwarded to you for review and direct
response to the requester.
We will advise the requester of this referral in our
response , which we expect to complete in the near future.
Please note that the documents listed and those of
which just the first pages have been Included, have not been
reviewed to see if they contain CIA information. In the
event that they We request that this material be coordin-
ated with uS before being released to the requester
If You have any questions Please contact Karen Wolfe
or Allie Falardeau, 351-5615 , and refer to our request F76 -
382 .
Sincerely ,
Gene F_ Wilson
Inforation and Privacy Coordinator
Enclosures
Distribution: UNCLASSIFIZD Wacn Scperct24
Addse
SZCrET
Fro Ezolcsure Ori{
IPS Chrono
IPS Subject (F-76-382) APPBAL w/attach DDO docs
3 OGC (Launie Ziebeii)
DDO/ IMS / FPG/ AL (Helen Stilson)
Ke)
A 8
N
1978
Y
0 J 2
4
d0 ,
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13-00000
SEGRE
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20505
1 4 MAY
To Director
Federal Bureau Of Investigation
Attention: S_ J . Papich
JN
FROM Deputy Director for Plans 4x
SUBJECT : Assassination of Martin Luther King
1 On 3 May 1968 an official Italian Intelligence
Service provided this Agency S representative in Rome
with the following Information on one James RAY:
A Janes' IRAY , born in Los Angeles on 8 March
1928 (father' s name _Oliver) ,; arrived at
San Gimignano, Siena_ in March 1955 and
registered a6 a student at Perugia . In
1956 RAY was confined at San Gimignano
Hospital and in 1957 be was in Sant Antonio
de Fiesole Hospital_ These confinements
were for tosteomyelitical condition causing
bone depression in the cranium, on right
parietal temple region_ RAY returned
permanently to the United States in December
1967 _
2 _ The Italian National Police and the Italian
Intelligence Service have turned up no other information
thus far. -All Italian entry posts have RAY and hib
aliases on tbeir watchlist _
3 , The Federal Bureau Of Investigation representa -
tive in Rome was advised of the information in paragraphs
1 and 2 above-
CSCI 316/01763-68
4J322L 3515
96 /6, 78 EXzog
6
MAY 16 1968
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1968
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REC 23
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13-00000
e.1
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20505
16 MAY 1968
9YJvr K,n
MEEMORANDUM FOR : Director
Federal Bureau of Investigation
Attention: Mr S,J, Papich
SUBJECT Investigation in Japan of Report on Suspicious
Actions of Gerald Lee Richards Originally
Described as
Resembling Suspected Assassin of
Dr Martin Luther King, Jr
1 Reference is made to the report concerning the above
subject made by telephone to Mr < SoJ , Papich at 0930 on 17 April
1968 _ Following is a full account of the investigation made in
this case:
A On 16 April 1968 a United States National
Maritime Union official in Yokohama reported that one
Gerald Lee Richards, who bore a general physical
resemblance to the description given of the suspected
H assassin of Dr Martin Luther King, Jr _ had arrived
in Japan about 15 April 1968 and requested a position
aboard any ship going anywhere . Richards became
agitated when asked for a contact address in Japan
and refused to divulge his Japanese residence The
National Maritime Union fficial describe
4
Richards
as 5 $ 10" tall, 155 pounds
9
with brown hair a receding
hairline on both sides_
9
and a not very prominent scar
two and one_half inches long traversing the center
forehead, his most outstanding characteristic being a
disconcerting , idiotic grin resembling a constant
grimace According to Richards documents and state_
ments , he was born 8:April 1937 , applied for seaman 's
papers in San Pedro, California, 16 June 1964 and
registered there as a United States Na tional Maritine
Union member on 21 February 1968 but never shipped out
His Social Security Number 1s 562-46-5078; his United
States Coast Guard Number 2 2711-782 ;
(C
4y-32251-
s6 11
2l 16 MAY 22 1968
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Keit
==================================================
Page 292
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13-00000
6i.
B A subsequent check with the Japanese National
Police Agency confirmed the biographic data supplied
by the National Maritime Union official_ A ward check
indicated that Richards originally resided in Japan
from 1963 to 1964 and married TAKAYAMA Michiko in 1963 _
Both Richards and his wife left Japan for the United
States in 1964 . Richards returned alone to Japan about
15 April 1968 _ His wife 's address in the United States
1s listed as
160 Hosoi (phonetic) Street, Carpenteria ,
California, 93013 ,
C A photograph of Richards obtained from the
Japanese police was shown to the National Maritime
Union official and identified by him as the individual
in.subparagraph IA above who had applied for a seaman 's
berth The photograph of Richards bears no apparent
resemblance to photographs of suspected assassin
James Earl provided by the Federal Bureau of
Investigation
2 _ The above information has been given to the Legal
Attache of the United States Embassy in Tokyo ,
FOR THE DEPUTY DIRECTOR FOR PLANS :
lam_ 4.ekwr
ANGLETON
CSCI-316/01774-68
I~v7, 1
2
Ray
XJAMES
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Page 293
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13-00000 Uuim iulitiinl (Wnen rilled in)
TYPE YEAR NUMBER M DOc. no NEW DOCUMENT RECORD
FPE Instructions for Divisions and Staffs:
75 76 TI 78 1 Fill in shaded areos only_
2 Additional comments should be written on back of form.
DOCUMENT DescRiption (30 CHARACTERS) DAY MONth YEAR
CABLE
DI SPA Tch
RERORT 1 /
Jec]
7z
FRoM/oRiginATOR (3 CHARACTERS) TO/RECIPIENT (30 CHARACTERS)
3 CA Qzs? LexohZe
17z
CLASS WHERE LOCATED (10 CHARACTERS) REFERRED BY CHARACTERS) Ddo 7 DO FILE NUMBER (20 CHARACTERS)
[ei Ck_HLL
03[01-12
SUBJECT (B0 CHARACTERS)
5
Crkns Gb-Ks Wv IzaE_bnae t_
DAY MoNTH YEAR
TYPE DATE
OF 1A L OF
REVIEW REVIEW
Recommendations
A Release in: full iext E_ Sustain initial denial in toto
B Release Yin sanitized form F_ Sustain initial release of
'C Deny inxtoto of sanitized version
DS Defer 'decision to coordinate wiseh G Release additional information
(Specify in Line 8)
PEFERIDECsIGN
96 CHARAcTEFS 'CGORDINATE iin4 (10 @IARAC1ES
{7
@LAE
8
Zatt _
L2,
&yeaf ,
SiGNATURE AND OfFICOF REVIEWinG OFFicER
EXEMPTiONS CLAIMED 40 CHARACTERS)
9 B1 82 83 84 B5 86 87C J1 J1B Jic JIE JIF K1 5B 1 582 583 5B4
0F FOiA 0F PA OF E.0 11652
Exemptions are being claimed to protect the following:
Classification (b) (k)(D
2 Infoxmation from liaisen with FFForeign Governnenz (b)
"(3)
(jI) (2) ar
Information pertaining tO a Ziazson 7b) (3) > (j(1) s) (
relationship With -& Foreign Government
information which woula/could 1denEEfy ane
(23) () (1)k2)
044
Source
5 Information pertarning t6 a source (6) (3)+ (5) (D ((}
25 6 Information pertaining tocinterrigence netbods (6)77.328 K5)361) ()
Location 6f CTA overseas instailation (6)(3) (32(1)( b)
10 Eocation Sf unacknowledged domestic (1) (3)3 (52 (1) )
instaitation
9 #Name Aof ctA employee (b) (3) (@ (1)
10 File number {b);(3) (5) (1)ikb)
11 Pseudonym (1)(3) (32 (1)(6)
12 Cryptonyn (1)(3) (1 )
13; Internal organizational data {(p)
(j)
(11
14 Name 6f an; FBT agene (b) (D)ax(G) (1)Qo
15 FBT; €ile nuber; (1)(2) (J) [1)i()
6;
Privay 38 other
60 individual (6): (6) {j) ()
17 Does not €ain}tor equest
18 Informaiion from another Government agency
19 Other {(Specify in Line 12)
066
REMARKS (F OTHER WAS CHECKED ApovE) (4o CHARACTERSI;
(10
2 H
44o,4
his&A
Ile:
(3)74
perE
==================================================
Page 294
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13-00000 Uumi iVli Inl (mnen' rIllea In)
TYPE YEAR NUMBER M/1 DOC. No, NEW DOCUMENT RECORD
FPE Instructions for Divisions and Staffs:
75 76 77 70 1 Fill in shaded areos only
2. Additional comments should be written on back of form.
DOCUMENT DESCRiPTION (30 CHARACTERS) DA Y Month YEAR
CABCE
2 DLSEA TCH
MEMO>
REPORT
4 JuIes
FROM/ORIGINATOR (30 CHARACTERS) TO/RECiPiENT (30 CHARACTERS)
3 C(A Fp (
CLASS WHERE LOCATED (10 CHIARACTERS) REFERRED BY (10 CHARACTERS) DDO DO FilE NUMBER (20 CHARACTERS)
CSct-316
267
SUBJECT (80 CHARACTERS)
5 Id A Lict
DA Y MonTh YEAR
TYPE DATE
0f 1 A L OF
REVIEW REVIEW
Recomendatiengr
A Release in fuli text E_ Sustain initial denial in toto
B Releasetin sanitized F Sustain initial release of
C Deny insatoto of sanitized version T6 FENJrenu
'D Defer decision to coorainate with G_ Release additional information
0 2 {(Specify in Gine 8)
#0' PEFER PEcisic 18,4 9.MURSTE coordiMtew1 C8dRACI3 EEEs
8
Jtsz}rgeeh
SiGNATURJ AND oFFNcE REViEWinG OFfCER
EXEMPTIONS CLAIMED 40 CHARACTERS)
9 81 B2 83 B4 B5 B6 B7C J1 J1B JIc JIE JIF K1 5B 1 582 583 5B4
0F FOIA OF PA 0F E.0_ 11652
Exemptions are being claimed to protect the following:
1' Ciassification (6) (1 ) (K):(1)
2 Infermation {Liaison withsa Foreign Goverment (b)3(3)) '03) (1)()(2
3 Information pertaining
to a Tiaison (6)(3) {(j2461) [(1)-(a)8
"pi Felationship with Eoreign 'Government
Information Which would/eouid jdentiey the (6)3(3) ()() ()
SOurce
2ec- 5 Information pertaining
to 'a source (1) (3) (j)(4)
6 Informationspertain to intelligence methods (1)(39) (J)(1)
Bocation 0f CIA; overseas inS tallationt (b)(3) 761) (6)
5400l- 10 8 Docation 36f unacknowledged domestie (32 (3) "i) (1) ()
installation
9 Nane {of CTA employee (b)(3) '(a)ci)(e)
#0: Fille: n unber 1b) (3) (j)(1)i(b) 7
11 @seudonyn
(b):(3) ()Ci) (+)
2 CrYptoryn ((b) (3) (5) (1) ()
13 Internal organizational datal (6) (3) 73)(Dhe)e One
24 Name ofxan FBT" gent
(1) (7) ( ()(1) ()
15 EBje fiie number ((1)*(2) (9)(1) ()
16 RBrivacy 66 other individual (b) (6) Fo)(i)er,
47 Doeg noE_ pertain o
Leqdeat/ 8e
0 18 'Infermation from another Government agency
19 Otier (Specify in Line 1)
REMARKS iFOTHER WAS CHECKED ABOVE) i40 cHARACTERS)
#072' 7 Siz "Zu_ 7E4 4xy; 37:1,#"
1o01e8
CARAvseJ Knl
forn
OF
Erom
8
ing
(32]
==================================================
Page 295
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13-00000 Uuiii IVlii Inl (mnen rilled in)
Type YEAR Number 1/1 Doc_ NO. NEW DOCUMENT RECORD
FPE Instructions for Divisions and Staffs
75 76 77 78 1 Fill in shaded areos only
2. Additional comments should be written on back of form.
DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION (30 CHARACTERS) DAY Month YEAR
CABLE
DLSPA Tch
RERORT 29 22
FROM/ORIGINATOR (3 CHARACTERS) To/RECIPIENT (J0 CHARACTERS)
3 F/1 ` Y €.s nizle
Fl | UA_kslangar
CLASS WHERE LOCATED (10 CHIARACTEFS) REFERRED By (10 CHARACTERS) DDO DO FilE NUMBER (20 CHARACTERS)
Fb [
SUBJECT (80 CHARACTERS)
5
[Ex_ 7 Juabzab ~k-s
DA Y MoNTH YEAR
TYPE DATE
OF 1A L OF 5
REVIEW REVIEW
Y Recomendations;tt
Rereasa in fuly text E_ Sustain initial denial in toto
B Release in sanizized forn F Sustain initial release of
Den inetoto: of sanitized version
D: Defer decision to coordinate Wiceh G. Release additional information
(SpeciEy in Eine-8)
BEEER Eecsio 48 io CRSTe3 CooRDiNATEmzH (0 @IRACIE3I]] 2545
8
~att}h{aeukA-sks;
Si GNATUREZAND oFFIcBof REVIEWING OFFIC ER
EXEMPTiONS CLAIMED 40 CHARACTERS)
9 81 82 83 B4 85 B6 87C J1 J1B Jic JIE JiF K1 5B1 582 583 5B4
0F FOIA OF PA OF E.o_ 11652
Exemptions are being claimed to protect the following:
classification ()ci (k) 1)
Information Brom liaigon with a Foreign; Governent (p)(3) (5)A(1)t6b)3(c
4R Infokmation pertaining to ai liaison (6){(3) (j2(i)73) (2)
relationship with
a Fereign Eeovernment
Enforma ejon Whicn voula/coud iaentiey @he (1) (3) (5) (1) (5)
source
5 Informatjon pertainjng tora sourcex (1) (3;) () {1)
6 Informaiion pertaining to intel pigence methods (p)(3) (j) (1Ycb)
80 Eocation 'Of"CiA overseas
instaliation (1)(3) (j) (1) (b)
10 Lecation 0f unacknowledged domestic {62) (3) (5) (49 @)
instaflajion
9 Name 6f CIA emp1eyee (6) (3 (G)ai)ke)
10 File;number;, (6) () (5)aiox(b)
11 'Pseyaenym
(b) (3)5 (12 (6)
112: tonym 26)2(3) ()T))
13 Internalzorganizational data ()(3) {G)(i) (ej?
14 Name Of an EBifagent (8)*(7)(e) (J) (1) (6)
8 15 FBD file nuber: (b) (2) {65)(1)k6)
16 Privaey Of other individual (b)566 (J)(1)ie1
Jl Doesinot pertain 'to requese
18 Information Eron another; Govarnnent agency
19 Other (Speci Ey in;Line 149;
REMARKS (IFZ6VHER wASICEeCKED ABove (jo CHRAC TERSI
10 Xoh 7r 047y7 486+118*= 33 #o: 736
Nsv
tm ,
Cryp